CN215897620U

CN215897620U - Single-phase brushless motor drive circuit

Info

Publication number: CN215897620U
Application number: CN202122317485.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘国永; 区锋铭
Original assignee: Shenzhen Chuangke Weixin Electronics Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Chuangke Weixin Electronics Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-24
Filing date: 2021-09-24
Publication date: 2022-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 2031-09-24

Abstract

The utility model provides a single-phase brushless motor driving circuit, comprising: the intelligent microprocessor MCU circuit is respectively connected with the grid G of MOS tubes Q1, Q2, Q4 and Q5 through four leads; a winding MA at one end of the motor M1 is connected with a connection point of a MOS tube Q1 and a MOS tube Q4, and a winding MB at the other end of the motor M1 is connected with a connection point of the MOS tube Q2 and a MOS tube Q5; the positive electrode BAT of the power supply is connected with the source electrode S of the MOS tube Q2, and the negative electrode of the power supply is grounded GND; the drain D of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected with the drain D of the MOS transistor Q4 in series, and the sources S of the MOS transistors Q1 and Q2 are respectively connected with the sources S of the MOS transistors Q2 and Q5; the source S of the MOS transistor Q5 is connected with a resistor R; one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the ground GND.

Description

Single-phase brushless motor drive circuit

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field related to brushless motor driving, in particular to a single-phase brushless motor driving circuit.

Background

At present, electronic products usually can set up the fan in inside and dispel the heat, radiator fan divide into brush motor fan and brushless motor fan, along with the continuous development of electronic technology, the inside components and parts of electronic products constantly increase, the volume of product constantly reduces, however, the power that has brush motor receives the volume influence, the volume is less then the power is less, and brush motor can produce wearing and tearing in the use, generally 2-3 months need change one, otherwise can influence the radiating efficiency, therefore brushless motor fan begins to rise.

In the prior art, a driving circuit of a dc brushless motor is mainly composed of a motor power driving system and electronic circuit units such as human-computer interaction operation control, etc., but the speed regulation mode of the dc motor in the prior art is usually voltage regulation and speed regulation, different voltages need to be provided for each switching tube according to different rotating speed requirements, and not only is the response slow and the precision poor, but also the speed regulation structure is complex.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, a single-phase brushless motor driving circuit is provided so as to solve the problems that the speed regulation mode of a direct current motor in the prior art is generally voltage regulation and speed regulation, different voltages are required to be provided for various switching tubes according to different rotating speed requirements, the response is slow, the precision is poor, and the speed regulation structure is complex.

To achieve the above object, there is provided a single-phase brushless motor driving circuit including:

the intelligent microprocessor MCU circuit is respectively connected with the grid G of MOS tubes Q1, Q2, Q4 and Q5 through four leads;

a motor M1, wherein a winding MA at one end of the motor M1 is connected with the connection point of MOS tubes Q1 and Q4, and a winding MB at the other end of the motor M1 is connected with the connection point of MOS tubes Q2 and Q5;

the positive electrode BAT of the power supply is connected with the source electrode S of the MOS tube Q2, and the negative electrode of the power supply is grounded GND;

a MOS tube Q1, the drain D of the MOS tube Q1 and the drain D of the MOS tube Q4 are connected together in series, and the sources S of the MOS tubes Q1 and Q2 are respectively connected with the sources S of the MOS tubes Q2 and Q5;

a source S of the MOS tube Q5 is connected with a resistor R1, and a drain D of the MOS tube Q5 is connected with a drain D of the MOS tube Q2 in series;

and the resistor R1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the GND.

Further, the MOS transistors Q1, Q2, Q4 and Q5 together form an H-bridge circuit, and the MOS transistor Q1 and the MOS transistor Q4 which are connected in series are mutually connected in parallel with the MOS transistor Q2 and the MOS transistor Q5 which are connected in series.

Further, the intelligent microprocessor MCU circuit comprises a drive control chip IC3 and peripheral circuits thereof.

Furthermore, a pin 1 of the driving control chip IC3 is connected to the positive electrode 5V of the output terminal of the voltage converting circuit, a pin 8 of the driving control chip IC3 is connected to the GND, and a capacitor C2 is connected between the pin 1 and the pin 8 of the driving control chip IC 3.

Furthermore,

pins

2 and 3 of the driving control chip IC3 are respectively connected to the MOS transistor IC1 and the MOS transistor IC2, and

pins

6 and 5 of the driving control chip IC3 are respectively connected to the resistor R4 and the resistor R9.

Furthermore, a pin 7 of the driving control chip IC3 is externally connected with a PWM signal, and a pin 4 of the driving control chip IC3 is connected with a hall of the motor M1.

Furthermore, the input end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected with a direct current power supply DC, the positive pole of the direct current power supply DC is 24V, the positive pole of the direct current power supply DC is connected with a diode VD1, the other end of the diode VD1 is connected with a power supply positive pole VCC, and an electrolytic capacitor E1 is connected between the power supply positive pole VCC and the ground GND.

The single-phase brushless motor driving circuit has the advantages that the intelligent microprocessor MCU circuit is used for controlling two MOS tubes in the H-bridge circuit to drive the motor M1 to operate, the intelligent microprocessor MCU circuit is externally connected with a PWM signal, the rotating speed of the direct-current brushless motor is adjusted by changing the frequency of the PWM signal, the precision of the motor driving system is improved, the resistor R1 is used as a sampling resistor to collect the working current of the motor M1, the normal working condition of the circuit is convenient to detect, the diode VD1 is used for preventing the reverse connection of a power supply, reverse voltage backflow caused by sudden power failure is avoided, and therefore the function of protecting the circuit is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The utility model is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a single-phase brushless motor driving circuit, including: the intelligent micro-controller MCU circuit, motor M1, power, MOS pipe Q1, MOS pipe Q5 and resistance R1.

Specifically, the intelligent microprocessor MCU circuit is respectively connected with the gates G of MOS tubes Q1, Q2, Q4 and Q5 through four leads;

a winding MA at one end of the motor M1 and a winding MB at the other end of the motor M1 are connected with the connection point of the MOS tubes Q1 and Q4, and the winding MA at one end of the motor M1 is connected with the connection point of the MOS tubes Q2 and Q5;

a drain D of the MOS transistor Q1, a drain D of the MOS transistor Q1 and a drain D of the MOS transistor Q4 are connected in series, and sources S of the MOS transistors Q1 and Q2 are respectively connected with sources S of the MOS transistors Q2 and Q5;

a source S of the MOS tube Q5 and the MOS tube Q5 is connected with the resistor R1, and a drain D of the MOS tube Q5 is connected with a drain D of the MOS tube Q2 in series;

one end of the resistor R1 and one end of the resistor R1 are grounded GND.

When the single-phase brushless motor driving circuit is used, the intelligent microprocessor MCU circuit controls the MOS tubes Q1 and Q5 to be conducted, the MOS tubes Q2 and Q4 are closed, so that current flows from the winding MA of the motor M1 to the winding MB, the motor M1 rotates clockwise, the intelligent microprocessor MCU circuit controls the MOS tubes Q1 and Q5 to be closed, the MOS tubes Q2 and Q4 are conducted, so that current flows from the winding MB of the motor M1 to the winding MA, the motor M1 rotates anticlockwise, a PWM signal is externally connected with a pin 7 of the drive control chip IC3, when the PWM signal is at a low level, the motor M1 stops working, when the PWM signal is at a high level, the motor works at full speed, the rotating speed of the motor M1 linearly increases along with the duty ratio of the PWM signal when the motor M1 is in a locked state, the drive control chip IC3 stops outputting for 3 seconds and then restarts, if the motor M1 is started for multiple times and is in a locked state, the output is turned off and a locked state is entered until the power is turned off again and then the electrolysis is turned on.

In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, MOS transistors Q1, Q2, Q4 and Q5 together form an H-bridge circuit, MOS transistor Q1 and MOS transistor Q4 connected in series and MOS transistor Q2 and MOS transistor Q5 connected in series are connected in parallel, motor M1 is arranged on a transverse connecting line of the H-bridge circuit, when MOS transistors Q1 and Q5 are turned on, MOS transistors Q2 and Q4 are turned off, the voltage at the left end of motor M1 is higher than the voltage at the right end of motor M1, and motor M1 rotates clockwise; when the MOS transistors Q2 and Q4 are switched on, the MOS transistors Q1 and Q5 are switched off, the voltage of the right end of the motor M1 is higher than that of the left end of the motor M1, and the motor M1 rotates anticlockwise; when the MOS transistors Q1 and Q2 are switched on, the MOS transistors Q4 and Q5 are switched off, the left end and the right end of the motor M1 are both high voltage, and the motor M1 does not rotate; when the MOS transistors Q1 and Q2 are closed, the MOS transistors Q4 and Q5 are conducted, the left end and the right end of the motor M1 are both low-voltage, and the motor M1 does not rotate, so that the common-state conduction phenomenon is avoided, and the motor M1 is prevented from being damaged.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the MCU circuit of the smart microprocessor includes a driving control chip IC3 and its peripheral circuits, the model of the driving control chip IC3 is CK5286N, the CK5286N has a slow start function, and after the motor M1 is started, the CK5286N controls the rotation speed of the motor M1 to slowly increase to a set rotation speed.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, pin 1 of the driving control chip IC3 is connected to the positive electrode 5V of the output terminal of the voltage converting circuit, pin 8 of the driving control chip IC3 is connected to the GND, a capacitor C2 is connected between pin 1 and pin 8 of the driving control chip IC3, the power supply voltage of the driving control chip IC3 is 3.0V to 5.5V, and the capacitor C2 is close to the driving control chip IC 3.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2,

pins

2 and 3 of the driving control chip IC3 are respectively connected to the MOS transistor IC1 and the MOS transistor IC2,

pins

6 and 5 of the driving control chip IC3 are respectively connected to the resistor R4 and the resistor R9, the MOS transistor IC1 and the MOS transistor IC2 are N + P integrated MOS transistors, the MOS transistor ICs 1 and the CI2 need to be type-selected according to parameters of the motor M1, the lower tube can be directly driven, and the upper tube needs to be driven by a triode due to an over-high voltage.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a pin 7 of the driving control chip IC3 is externally connected with a PWM signal, a pin 4 of the driving control chip IC3 is connected with a hall of the motor M1, and the rotation speed of the motor M1 is adjusted by changing the duty ratio of the PWM signal, which is convenient to use.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, an input end of the voltage converting circuit is connected to a DC power supply DC, an anode of the DC power supply DC is 24V, the anode of the DC power supply DC is connected to a diode VD1, the other end of the diode VD1 is connected to a power supply anode VCC, an electrolytic capacitor E1 is connected between the power supply anode VCC and a ground GND, the diode VD1 has one-way on-state and can prevent reverse connection of the power supply, the electrolytic capacitor E1 can smooth abrupt voltage change and perform filtering, and the voltage converting circuit reduces an input 24V voltage to 5V for use by other circuits.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A single-phase brushless motor drive circuit, comprising:

and the resistor R1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the GND.

2. The single-phase brushless motor driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the MOS transistors Q1, Q2, Q4 and Q5 together form an H-bridge circuit, and the series MOS transistors Q1 and Q4 are connected in parallel with the series MOS transistors Q2 and Q5.

3. The single-phase brushless motor driving circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intelligent microprocessor MCU circuit comprises a driving control chip IC3 and its peripheral circuits.

4. The single-phase brushless motor driving circuit of claim 3, wherein the pin 1 of the driving control chip IC3 is connected to the positive electrode 5V of the output terminal of the voltage transforming circuit, the pin 8 of the driving control chip IC3 is connected to the ground GND, and a capacitor C2 is connected between the pin 1 and the pin 8 of the driving control chip IC 3.

5. The single-phase brushless motor driving circuit of claim 3, wherein pins 2 and 3 of the driving control chip IC3 are connected to the MOS transistor IC1 and the MOS transistor IC2, respectively, and pins 6 and 5 of the driving control chip IC3 are connected to the resistor R4 and the resistor R9, respectively.

6. The single-phase brushless motor driving circuit of claim 3, wherein the driving control chip IC3 has a 7-pin external PWM signal, and the driving control chip IC3 has a 4-pin connection with the Hall of the motor M1.

7. The single-phase brushless motor driving circuit according to claim 4, wherein the input terminal of the voltage converting circuit is connected to a direct current power supply DC, the positive electrode of the direct current power supply DC is 24V, the positive electrode of the direct current power supply DC is connected to the diode VD1, the other end of the diode VD1 is connected to a power supply positive electrode VCC, and an electrolytic capacitor E1 is connected between the power supply positive electrode VCC and ground GND.