CN111786448A - Signal energy collecting circuit of magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor - Google Patents
Signal energy collecting circuit of magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111786448A CN111786448A CN202010639910.XA CN202010639910A CN111786448A CN 111786448 A CN111786448 A CN 111786448A CN 202010639910 A CN202010639910 A CN 202010639910A CN 111786448 A CN111786448 A CN 111786448A
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- LAUWCWCSEOWJMQ-QRJSTWQJSA-N (e,2s)-2-amino-4-fluoro-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)but-3-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)C(=C\F)\C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 LAUWCWCSEOWJMQ-QRJSTWQJSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1469—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field
- H02J7/1492—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/64—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
- G01P3/66—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using electric or magnetic means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
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Abstract
A magneto-electric wheel speed sensor signal energy collecting circuit comprises a rectifying circuit, wherein the input of the rectifying circuit is connected with the magneto-electric signal output of a magneto-electric wheel speed sensor, the output of the rectifying circuit is connected with the input of a first following circuit, the output of the first following circuit is connected with the input of a boosting circuit, the output of the boosting circuit is connected with the input of a voltage stabilizing circuit, the output of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the input of a second following circuit, the output of the second following circuit is connected with the input of a charging circuit, and the output of the charging circuit is connected with the input of an energy storage unit; the invention takes the magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor as a small generator, collects the signal energy of the generator, converts the signal voltage into energy and stores the energy in the energy storage unit, and in the environments with bad working conditions and power supply shortage, such as the vehicle axle, the invention stably collects the energy through the magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor and has the advantage of low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy collection of magnetoelectric wheel speed sensors, and particularly relates to a signal energy collection circuit of a magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor.
Background
The magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor is used as a part of an ABS system of an automobile, is arranged at an automobile wheel and is matched with a gear ring arranged on a rotating shaft to sense the real-time rotating speed of the automobile wheel. When the rotating shaft rotates, the tooth tops and the tooth bottoms of the gear teeth on the gear ring alternately pass through the position near the sensor, the magnetic flux coefficient near the sensor is changed, and the magnetic flux of the coil in the sensor is further changed. This induces a voltage proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux, according to maxwell-faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the voltage signal being approximately sinusoidal and having the same frequency as the ring gear teeth pass frequency.
The rotating machine is a type of mechanical equipment which is most widely applied nowadays, and in some working conditions which lack a power supply system or are physically closed, in order to support the work of some electric equipment, energy needs to be directly collected from the rotating equipment, so that the self-power supply of the equipment is realized. For example, in the real-time monitoring of the truck axle, the power supply is lacked at the vehicle axle to provide power for the monitoring system to work, and if the vehicle storage battery is used as the power supply, the electric wire needs to be additionally arranged and the original assembly structure of the vehicle needs to be changed, so that the cost is greatly increased; if the problems of short service life, troublesome replacement and the like exist when the battery is used for supplying power, a better scheme is to collect energy from the kinetic energy of the rotating shaft of the vehicle so as to form a set of self-powered online axle monitoring system.
The magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor has the advantages of simplicity, reliability, low cost and the like, and is widely applicable to various working conditions. The magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor senses the rotating speed through alternating current signal frequency generated by induction, and can be regarded as an electromagnetic generator, and if a reliable and low-cost scheme is provided for energy collection of rotating equipment through the magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor. At present, no corresponding energy collecting circuit is available, and the sensor alternating-current voltage signal can be converted into stable direct-current voltage and stored in an energy storage unit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a signal energy collecting circuit for a magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor, which uses the magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor as a small generator to collect signal energy thereof, and converts signal voltage into energy to be stored in an energy storage unit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a fast sensor signal energy collection circuit of magneto-electric wheel, including rectifier circuit, rectifier circuit's input and the magneto-electric signal output of the fast sensor of magneto-electric wheel are connected, rectifier circuit's output and first follower circuit's input connection, first follower circuit's output and boost circuit's input connection, boost circuit's output and voltage stabilizing circuit's input connection, voltage stabilizing circuit's output and second follower circuit's input connection, second follower circuit's output and charging circuit's input connection, charging circuit's output and energy storage unit's input connection.
The rectification circuit is a voltage doubling rectification circuit.
The follower circuit has the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance, the operational amplifier type adopted by the follower circuit is NE5532JG, the inverting input end of the follower circuit is used as the circuit input, and the non-inverting input end of the follower circuit is connected with the output and used as a negative feedback circuit; the two following circuits are used as buffers and are respectively arranged in the rectifying circuit and the booster circuit; between the voltage stabilizing circuit and the charging circuit.
The boost circuit is a boost circuit and comprises an inductor L1, a switching tube Q1, a diode D3 and a capacitor C3, wherein the model of the switching tube Q1 is 2N7000P, one end of the inductor L1 is used as input to be connected with the output of a preceding stage follower circuit, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the anode of the diode D3 and the collector of the switching tube Q1, the cathode of the diode D3 is connected with one end of the capacitor C3 and is used as circuit output to be connected with the input end of a next stage voltage stabilizing circuit, the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q1, and the emitter of the switching tube Q1 and the base of; the inductor L1 is 10mH, the capacitor C3 is 100pF, and the diode D3 is 1N 4148.
The voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing device, the model of the voltage stabilizing device is LM7809, the input end and the output end of the voltage stabilizing device are connected with a filter capacitor C3 and a filter capacitor C4, and the filter capacitor C3 and the filter capacitor C4 are 100 pF.
The charging circuit is composed of a constant voltage circuit, a constant current circuit and a charging indicating circuit. The 9V voltage-stabilizing input of the charging circuit is connected with the emitting electrode of a triode Q4, the collector electrode of a triode Q4 is connected with the anode of a light-emitting diode D4 through R2, and the cathode of the light-emitting diode D4 is connected with the collector electrode of a triode Q3 to serve as an output end; the emitter of the triode Q4 is also connected with a resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a resistor R6, a resistor R3 and the collector of the triode Q2, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the base of the triode Q4, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the base of the triode Q2; the anode D5 of the voltage-stabilizing diode is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q2, and the cathode of the anode D5 of the voltage-stabilizing diode is grounded; one end of the resistor R4 is connected with an emitter of the triode Q2 and an emitter of the triode Q3, and the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded; one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the base of the Q3, and the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded; the triode Q2, the voltage stabilizing diode D5, the resistor R3 and the resistor R1 form a constant voltage circuit; the triode Q3 and the resistor R5 form a constant current circuit, and the triode Q4, the resistor R2, the resistor R6 and the light-emitting diode D4 are charging indicating circuits; the triode Q4 and the triode Q3 are PNP type triodes with the model of FMMT 597; the triode Q2 is an NPN type triode with the model of FMMT 918; the resistances of the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3, the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 are respectively 70 omega, 200 omega, 900 omega, 1000 omega and 200 omega; the zener diode D5 selects the corresponding element according to the voltage required by the energy storage unit.
The booster circuit adopts an active dynamic booster circuit; the boost circuit is driven by the MCU, and the MCU calculates the rotating speed information in real time and adjusts the boost ratio at any time according to the rotating speed change so as to ensure the stability and high efficiency of energy acquisition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the environments of an axle and the like with severe working conditions and lack of a power supply, the electromagnetic wheel speed sensor is used for stably collecting energy, and the electromagnetic wheel speed sensor has the advantage of low cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit schematic of an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic boost circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, a fast sensor signal energy collection circuit of magnetoelectric wheel, including rectifier circuit, the input of rectifier circuit and the magnetoelectric signal output connection of the fast sensor of magnetoelectric wheel, rectifier circuit's output and the input connection of first follower circuit, the output of first follower circuit and the input connection of boost circuit, the output of boost circuit and the input connection of voltage stabilizing circuit, the output of voltage stabilizing circuit and the input connection of second follower circuit, the output of second follower circuit and the input connection of charging circuit, the output of charging circuit and the input connection of energy storage unit.
The rectification circuit is a voltage doubling rectification circuit.
As shown in fig. 2, the follower circuit has the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance, and is used for improving the load capacity of the power supply; the follower circuit adopts an operational amplifier model NE5532JG, the inverting input end of the follower circuit is used as the circuit input, and the non-inverting input end of the follower circuit is connected with the output and used as a negative feedback circuit; the two following circuits are used as buffers and are respectively arranged in the rectifying circuit and the booster circuit; between the voltage stabilizing circuit and the charging circuit.
As shown in fig. 2, the boost circuit is a boost circuit, and is composed of an inductor L1, a switching tube Q1, a diode D3 and a capacitor C3, the model of the switching tube Q1 is 2N7000P, one end of the inductor L1 is used as an input to be connected with the output of a preceding stage follower circuit, the other end is connected with the anode of the diode D3 and the collector of the switching tube Q1, the cathode of the diode D3 is connected with one end of a capacitor C3 as a circuit output to be connected with the input end of a next stage of voltage stabilizing circuit, the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q1, and the emitter of the switching tube Q1 and the base of; the inductor L1 is 10mH, the capacitor C3 is 100pF, and the diode D3 is 1N 4148.
The voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing device, the model of the voltage stabilizing device is LM7809, the input end and the output end of the voltage stabilizing device are connected with a filter capacitor C3 and a filter capacitor C4, and the filter capacitor C3 and the filter capacitor C4 are 100 pF.
As shown in fig. 2, the charging circuit is composed of a constant voltage circuit, a constant current circuit and a charging indication circuit, wherein the 9V regulated output is connected with the emitter of a transistor Q4, the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected with the anode of a light emitting diode D4 through R2, and the cathode of the light emitting diode D4 is connected with the collector of a transistor Q3 as an output end; the emitter of the triode Q4 is also connected with a resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a resistor R6, a resistor R3 and the collector of the triode Q2, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the base of the triode Q4, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the base of the triode Q2; the anode D5 of the voltage-stabilizing diode is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q2, and the cathode of the anode D5 of the voltage-stabilizing diode is grounded; one end of the resistor R4 is connected with an emitter of the triode Q2 and an emitter of the triode Q3, and the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded; one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the base of the Q3, and the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded; the triode Q2, the voltage stabilizing diode D5, the resistor R3 and the resistor R1 form a constant voltage circuit; the triode Q3 and the resistor R5 form a constant current circuit, and the triode Q4, the resistor R2, the resistor R6 and the light-emitting diode D4 are charging indicating circuits; the triode Q4 and the triode Q3 are PNP type triodes with the model of FMMT 597; the triode Q2 is an NPN type triode with the model of FMMT 918; the resistances of the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3, the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 are respectively 70 omega, 200 omega, 900 omega, 1000 omega and 200 omega; the zener diode D5 selects the corresponding element according to the voltage required by the energy storage unit.
During charging, the light emitting diode D4 lights up, the charging current gradually decreases along with the gradual rise of the voltage of the energy storage unit, the voltage drop on the resistor R1 continuously decreases, the triode Q4 is finally cut off, and the light emitting diode D4 is extinguished.
As shown in fig. 3, the boost circuit employs an active dynamic boost circuit, such as a boost circuit; the boost circuit is driven by the MCU, and the MCU calculates the rotating speed information in real time and adjusts the boost ratio at any time according to the rotating speed change so as to ensure the stability and high efficiency of energy acquisition.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
according to the working characteristics of the magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor, the rotation of the gear ring causes the magnetic flux near the probe to change, and then induced voltage is generated, so the electromagnetic induction generator is essentially an electromagnetic induction generator, the generated signal is similar to a sine signal, and the frequency and the amplitude of the signal change along with the change of the rotating speed of the gear ring.
Aiming at the alternating current characteristic and the frequency conversion amplitude variation characteristic of the signal of the magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor, if energy collection is to be realizedThe method is characterized in that an alternating current signal needs to be converted into a stable direct current signal, and factors such as the load capacity of the signal need to be considered. Firstly, boosting and rectifying a signal, considering that the signal generated by wheel speed sensing has the characteristics of small current and variable amplitude value and variable frequency, a voltage doubling rectifying circuit is adopted, and the output obtained theoretically is Uout=nUin,UinIs the amplitude of the input ac voltage; the obtained direct-current voltage is input to a following circuit of a lower stage, and the input and the output of the following circuit are completely the same, so that the direct-current voltage follower is characterized by having the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance, and being capable of improving the load carrying capacity of a power supply and being used for driving the lower stage circuit; and then boosting the signal by the boost circuit again, wherein the boost circuit has various choices, and a boost circuit is preferred, because the frequency and the amplitude of an alternating current signal generated by the sensor change along with the rotating speed of the gear ring, if stable collection of energy is ensured in a large rotating speed range, the boost ratio needs to be changed at any moment according to the rotating speed change, the preferred scheme is that an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) such as a single chip microcomputer is adopted to form a boost dynamic boost circuit, the MCU measures the rotating speed in real time and adjusts the output PWM duty ratio according to the rotating speed, the boost ratio of the boost circuit is changed at any moment, and the energy acquisition circuit is ensured to operate at higher efficiency all the time. In the implementation process, according to factors such as an actual assembly structure, sensor parameters, a gear ring material and the like, a functional relation between the rotating speed and the boosting ratio under the optimal acquisition efficiency is calibrated and programmed into the MCU.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a fast sensor signal energy collection circuit of magnetoelectric wheel which characterized in that: the electromagnetic type wheel speed sensor comprises a rectification circuit, wherein the input of the rectification circuit is connected with the output of a magnetoelectric signal of a magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor, the output of the rectification circuit is connected with the input of a first following circuit, the output of the first following circuit is connected with the input of a booster circuit, the output of the booster circuit is connected with the input of a voltage stabilizing circuit, the output of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the input of a second following circuit, the output of the second following circuit is connected with the input of a charging circuit, and the output of the charging circuit is connected with the input of an energy storage unit.
2. The magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor signal energy collection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rectification circuit is a voltage doubling rectification circuit.
3. The magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor signal energy collection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the follower circuit has the characteristics of high input impedance and low output impedance, the operational amplifier type adopted by the follower circuit is NE5532JG, the inverting input end of the follower circuit is used as the circuit input, and the non-inverting input end of the follower circuit is connected with the output and used as a negative feedback circuit; the two following circuits are used as buffers and are respectively arranged in the rectifying circuit and the booster circuit; between the voltage stabilizing circuit and the charging circuit.
4. The magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor signal energy collection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the boost circuit is a boost circuit and comprises an inductor L1, a switching tube Q1, a diode D3 and a capacitor C3, wherein the model of the switching tube Q1 is 2N7000P, one end of the inductor L1 is used as input to be connected with the output of a preceding stage follower circuit, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the anode of the diode D3 and the collector of the switching tube Q1, the cathode of the diode D3 is connected with one end of the capacitor C3 and is used as circuit output to be connected with the input end of a next stage voltage stabilizing circuit, the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the emitter of the switching tube Q1, and the emitter of the switching tube Q1 and the base of; the inductor L1 is 10mH, the capacitor C3 is 100pF, and the diode D3 is 1N 4148.
5. The magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor signal energy collection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing device, the model of the voltage stabilizing device is LM7809, the input end and the output end of the voltage stabilizing device are connected with a filter capacitor C3 and a filter capacitor C4, and the filter capacitor C3 and the filter capacitor C4 are 100 pF.
6. The magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor signal energy collection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the charging circuit comprises a triode Q4, the 9V voltage-stabilizing output is connected with the emitting electrode of the triode Q4, the collector electrode of the triode Q4 is connected with the anode of a light-emitting diode D4 through R2, and the cathode of the light-emitting diode D4 is connected with the collector electrode of the triode Q3 to serve as the output end; the emitter of the triode Q4 is also connected with a resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a resistor R6, a resistor R3 and the collector of the triode Q2, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the base of the triode Q4, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the base of the triode Q2; the anode D5 of the voltage-stabilizing diode is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q2, and the cathode of the anode D5 of the voltage-stabilizing diode is grounded; one end of the resistor R4 is connected with an emitter of the triode Q2 and an emitter of the triode Q3, and the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded; one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the base of the Q3, and the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded; the triode Q2, the voltage stabilizing diode D5, the resistor R3 and the resistor R1 form a constant voltage circuit; the triode Q3 and the resistor R5 form a constant current circuit, and the triode Q4, the resistor R2, the resistor R6 and the light-emitting diode D4 are charging indicating circuits; the triode Q4 and the triode Q3 are PNP type triodes with the model of FMMT 597; the triode Q2 is an NPN type triode with the model of FMMT 918; the resistances of the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3, the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 are respectively 70 omega, 200 omega, 900 omega, 1000 omega and 200 omega; the zener diode D5 selects the corresponding element according to the voltage required by the energy storage unit.
7. The magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor signal energy collection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the booster circuit adopts an active dynamic booster circuit; the boost circuit is driven by the MCU, and the MCU calculates the rotating speed information in real time and adjusts the boost ratio at any time according to the rotating speed change so as to ensure the stability and high efficiency of energy acquisition.
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Cited By (1)
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CN112510997A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-16 | 华中科技大学 | Hybrid booster circuit for energy collection system and control method |
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CN210690615U (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-06-05 | 陆博汽车电子(曲阜)有限公司 | Wireless wheel speed sensor |
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CN112510997A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-16 | 华中科技大学 | Hybrid booster circuit for energy collection system and control method |
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