CN111786049B - Two-phase immersed cooling system with multiple modules sharing one condensing cavity for battery cooling - Google Patents
Two-phase immersed cooling system with multiple modules sharing one condensing cavity for battery cooling Download PDFInfo
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- CN111786049B CN111786049B CN202010654453.1A CN202010654453A CN111786049B CN 111786049 B CN111786049 B CN 111786049B CN 202010654453 A CN202010654453 A CN 202010654453A CN 111786049 B CN111786049 B CN 111786049B
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 193
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004334 fluoridation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NOPJRYAFUXTDLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-methoxypropane Chemical compound COC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F NOPJRYAFUXTDLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of power batteries, and provides a two-phase immersed cooling system with a common condensing cavity for a multi-module battery cooling system. The heat generated in the working process of the battery is taken away by utilizing the vaporization of the fluorinated liquid on the surface of the working medium, the vaporized fluorinated liquid is condensed in the heat exchanger, and the heat released by the condensation is directly absorbed by the cooling working medium in the cooling pipeline, so that the highest temperature of the battery module and the temperature difference between different battery monomers are effectively controlled. Compared with the traditional cooling modes of air cooling, liquid cooling, direct cooling of refrigerant and the like, the cooling device has the following advantages: the used fluoride liquid has good dielectric property and can not cause short circuit of the battery; the fluoridized liquid is directly contacted with the surface of the battery, has strong heat-taking capacity and has no contact thermal resistance; the used fluoride liquid has flame retardance, and can effectively inhibit the ignition and explosion of the battery under extreme conditions; the phase change of the fluoridized liquid is fully utilized, and the heat dissipation efficiency is high and the energy consumption is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power batteries, and particularly relates to a two-phase immersed cooling system with a condensing cavity shared by multiple modules for cooling a battery pack.
Background
In recent years, environmental pollution and energy shortage are becoming challenges for various countries, and new energy power automobiles are strongly supported by the countries under the severe pressure. At present, a plurality of automobile manufacturers pay attention to new energy electric automobiles which are green and environment-friendly. Among them, the battery is the most important part of the electric vehicle, and its performance is greatly affected by temperature, so it is very important to maintain the battery temperature at an optimal temperature condition.
The effective battery thermal management system can ensure that the battery works in a reasonable temperature range and keep the temperature difference between battery monomers small enough, so that the service life of the power battery can be prolonged, the running capacity and the endurance mileage of the electric automobile are improved, and the stable and efficient running of the electric automobile is ensured. In the current heat management of power batteries, there are four heat dissipation modes, namely air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change material cooling and direct cooling of refrigerant.
In the patent of 'thermal management system of lithium ion battery' (patent number: CN 201610114215.5), cross-sea et al uses an air cooling mode to dissipate heat of the battery pack, and the battery pack has the advantages of simple structure and light weight, but is greatly influenced by the temperature of the external environment. Meanwhile, because the convection heat exchange coefficient of the air is very small, the air-cooled heat dissipation system is difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirement under high-power operation;
Li Wenzheng et al in the patent of 'a novel thermal management system of a vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery' (patent number: CN 201810584328.0) adopt a liquid cooling mode to dissipate heat of a battery module, and the vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery module has the advantages that the heat conductivity coefficient of cooling liquid is larger than that of air, and a good heat dissipation effect can be achieved. However, the complex structure of the liquid cooling system also makes the whole set of heat dissipation system very heavy, greatly reduces the energy density of the battery pack, and meanwhile, the problem of temperature difference between different battery monomers is difficult to solve by adopting liquid cooling to cool the battery;
Dai Chaohua in the patent of 'a high-power lithium ion battery thermal management system' (patent number: CN 201820855714.4), the battery is cooled by using a phase-change material cooling mode, and the high-power lithium ion battery thermal management system has the advantages of simple structure and low energy consumption. But the phase change material has low heat conductivity coefficient and can not absorb heat in time under the condition of high-rate discharge.
Sun Shijiang et al in the patent "a power battery system employing a direct cooling system of refrigerant" (patent number: CN 201621061832.5) propose to use direct cooling of refrigerant to perform heat management of the battery, which has the advantage of high heat transfer efficiency. However, the battery evaporator has very difficult temperature equalization design, so the direct cooling type heat dissipation mode of the refrigerant is not widely popularized and used. In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the heat dissipation method used in the conventional battery thermal management, the present invention provides a two-phase submerged cooling system with a common condensation chamber for multiple modules for cooling battery packs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem of providing a two-phase immersed cooling system with a condensing cavity shared by multiple modules for cooling a battery pack, so that the battery can keep the temperature of the battery in an optimal temperature range under the condition of high-rate discharge and can still keep excellent temperature uniformity among different battery monomers.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a two-phase immersed cooling system for cooling batteries, which shares a condensing cavity, comprises a fluoridized liquid circulation module, a sensor module, a battery control module and a cooling module;
The fluoridation liquid circulation module comprises: the box body 1, the condensation cavity 7, the liquid storage tank 6 and the electronic valve 5 are used for circulating the fluoridized liquid and are connected into a ring through pipelines in sequence; wherein: a case 1 filled with a fluorinated liquid 3; the fan 8 is fixed in the condensation cavity 7; the box body 1 is connected with the condensation cavity 7 through the liquid storage tank 6 and the electronic valve 5; when the battery module works, the heat generated by the battery module is taken away by the filled fluoridized liquid, and when the temperature of the fluoridized liquid does not reach the boiling point, the fluoridized liquid absorbs the heat generated by the battery module by utilizing sensible heat; when the surface temperature of the battery module rises above the boiling point of the fluorinated liquid, the fluorinated liquid starts to boil, and the fluorinated liquid steam generated by boiling enters the condensation cavity 7 and transfers heat to the cooling module, and the heat is then transferred to the external environment by the cooling module; the fluoridized liquid after being liquefied when meeting cold flows into the liquid storage tank 6; along with the continuous boiling of the fluorinated liquid, when the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid 3 in the box body 1 is lower than the set lower liquid level limit, the electronic valve 5 is opened, the liquid storage tank 6 supplements the liquid for the box body 1 until the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid 3 is higher than the set upper liquid level limit, and the electronic valve 5 is closed to complete the circulation of the fluorinated liquid;
the sensor module includes: a liquid level sensor 4, a pressure sensor 9 and a temperature sensor; the liquid level sensor 4 is fixed at the bottom of the box body 1, and is used for detecting the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid 3 in the box body 1 in real time, and is connected with the electronic valve 5 to control the opening and closing of the electronic valve 5; the pressure sensor 9 is fixed at the top of the fluorinated liquid condensing cavity 7 and is used for detecting the pressure in the fluorinated liquid condensing cavity 7 in real time; the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperatures of the battery module 2 and the fluoride liquid 3 in real time, is connected with the battery control module and is used for managing the battery module;
The cooling module includes: an evaporator 10, a compressor 11, a condenser 12, and a throttle valve 13 for circulating a refrigerant; the evaporator 10, the compressor 11, the condenser 12 and the throttle valve 13 are connected into a ring by pipelines in turn for refrigerant circulation, and the evaporator 10 is positioned in the condensation cavity 7;
the battery module 2 is a cylindrical battery module, a square battery module or a soft-package battery pack, and is fully or partially immersed in the fluorinated liquid 3 and sealed with the inner space formed by the box body 1.
The fluorinated liquid 3 is an insulating flame-retardant liquid and has a boiling point of 0-50 ℃ under 1 atmosphere.
The fan 8 is used for enhancing the disturbance of the gaseous fluorinated liquid in the fluorinated liquid condensation cavity 7, so that the original natural convection heat exchange is converted into forced convection heat exchange.
The outer surface of the evaporator 10 is coated with a super-hydrophobic coating, so that the condensation mode of the surface of the evaporator is bead condensation, and the condensation heat transfer efficiency is greatly improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The phase change of the fluoride liquid is utilized to take away the heat generated in the working process of the battery pack, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is high and the energy consumption is low;
2) The fluoridized liquid is in direct contact with the outer surface of the battery, so that the contact is sufficient and the thermal resistance is not contacted, and the heat-taking capacity of the heat-dissipating system is greatly enhanced;
3) The adopted fluoridation liquid has good dielectric property and can not cause the conditions of internal short circuit and the like of the battery; the potential safety hazard caused by short circuit due to leakage of the traditional liquid cooling is overcome;
4) The adopted fluoride liquid has flame retardance, and can effectively inhibit the combustion and explosion of the battery under extreme conditions (battery short circuit caused by collision);
5) The multi-module shares one condensation cavity, so that the whole structure of the battery pack is more compact, and the energy density is improved;
6) The liquid level sensor, the electronic valve and the liquid storage tank are used, so that the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid in the tank body is not influenced in a reasonable liquid level range even if the liquid cooling rate of the fluorinated liquid is low under the condition of extremely high charge-discharge multiplying power of the battery module;
7) The use of the fan enhances the disturbance of gaseous fluorinated liquid in the fluorinated liquid condensing cavity, so that the original natural convection heat exchange is converted into forced convection heat exchange, and the condensing speed of the fluorinated liquid is greatly improved;
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-phase submerged cooling system with multiple modules sharing a single condensing chamber.
In the figure: 1, a box body; 2, a battery module; 3, fluoridation liquid; 4, a liquid level sensor; 5, an electronic valve; 6, a liquid storage tank; 7, a condensation cavity; 8, a fan; 9, a pressure sensor; 10 an evaporator; 11 compressors; a 12 condenser; 13 throttle valve.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings and technical schemes.
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be understood that the description is only intended to further illustrate the features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims.
The invention discloses a two-phase immersed cooling system with a common condensation cavity for a plurality of groups for cooling battery packs, which comprises the following components: a fluoride fluid circulation module, a sensor module and a cooling module.
The fluoridation liquid circulation module comprises: the box body 1, the condensation cavity 7, the liquid storage tank 6 and the electronic valve 5 are used for circulating the fluoridized liquid and are connected into a ring through pipelines in sequence. When the battery module works, the battery module starts to generate heat, the temperature is gradually increased, heat generated by the battery module is taken away by the filled fluorinated liquid, and when the temperature of the fluorinated liquid does not reach the boiling point, the fluorinated liquid absorbs the heat generated by the battery module by utilizing sensible heat. When the surface temperature of the battery module rises above the boiling point of the fluorinated liquid, the fluorinated liquid starts to boil, and the vapor of the fluorinated liquid generated by the boiling enters the fluorinated liquid condensation chamber 7 and transfers heat to the cooling module, which is then transferred to the external environment by the cooling module. The fluoridized liquid after being liquefied when meeting cold flows into the liquid storage tank 6. Along with the continuous boiling of the fluorinated liquid, when the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid 3 in the box body 1 is lower than the set lower liquid level limit, the electronic valve 5 is opened, the liquid storage tank 6 supplements the liquid for the box body 1 until the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid 3 is higher than the set upper liquid level limit, and the electronic valve 5 is closed, so that the circulation of the fluorinated liquid is completed.
The sensor module includes: a liquid level sensor 4, a pressure sensor 9 and a temperature sensor; the liquid level sensor 4 is fixed at the bottom of the box body 1, and is used for detecting the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid 3 in the box body 1 in real time, and is connected with the electronic valve 5 to control the opening and closing of the electronic valve 5; the pressure sensor 9 is fixed at the top of the fluorinated liquid condensing cavity 7 and is used for detecting the pressure in the fluorinated liquid condensing cavity 7 in real time; a temperature sensor (not shown in the drawings) for detecting the temperatures of the battery module 2 and the fluorinated liquid 3 in real time and connected to a battery control module (not shown in the drawings) for managing the battery module;
The cooling module includes: an evaporator 10, a compressor 11, a condenser 12, and a throttle valve 13 for circulating a refrigerant; the evaporator 10, the compressor 11, the condenser 12 and the throttle valve 13 are connected into a ring by pipelines in turn for refrigerant circulation, and the evaporator 10 is positioned in the condensation cavity 7;
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a two-phase submerged cooling system in which a plurality of modules share a single condensation chamber, and in this example, 3 battery modules are taken as an example, the entire system will be described. The battery module 2 comprises a cylindrical battery module, a square battery module and a soft package battery pack. The battery pack model employed in this example is 1 set of 6-block square battery modules. The battery module is fully or partially immersed in the fluorinated liquid 3 and forms a closed space with the box body 1. The top of the condensation chamber 7 is provided with a vacuum pumping pipe (not shown in the drawing) for vacuumizing the case 2 and the condensation chamber 7, and then the case 2 is filled with a fluorinated liquid through a liquid filling pipe (not shown in the drawing) fixed at the top of the case 2, and the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid should be higher than that of the battery module.
The fluorinated liquid 3 is an insulating flame retardant liquid and has a boiling point of 0 to 50 ℃ at 1 atmosphere, and in this example, HFE-7000 fluorinated liquid produced by 3M formula is used, which has a boiling point of 34 ℃ and has good dielectric characteristics and excellent flame retardance.
As shown in fig. 1, the fluoridation liquid circulation module includes: the box body 1, the condensation cavity 7, the liquid storage tank 6 and the electronic valve 5 are used for circulating the fluoridized liquid and are connected into a ring through pipelines in sequence. When the battery module works, the battery module starts to generate heat, the temperature is gradually increased, heat generated by the battery module is taken away by the filled fluorinated liquid, and when the temperature of the fluorinated liquid does not reach the boiling point, the fluorinated liquid absorbs the heat generated by the battery module by utilizing sensible heat. When the surface temperature of the battery module rises above the boiling point of the fluorinated liquid, the fluorinated liquid starts to boil, and the fluorinated liquid steam generated by the boiling enters the fluorinated liquid condensation cavity 7 and transfers heat to the cooling module. The fluoridized liquid after being liquefied when meeting cold flows into the liquid storage tank 6. Along with the continuous boiling of the fluorinated liquid, when the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid 3 in the box body 1 is lower than the set lower liquid level limit, the electronic valve 5 is opened, the liquid storage tank 6 supplements the liquid for the box body 1 until the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid 3 is higher than the set upper liquid level limit, and the electronic valve 5 is closed, so that the circulation of the fluorinated liquid is completed.
As shown in fig. 1, the sensor module includes: a liquid level sensor 4, a pressure sensor 9 and a temperature sensor; the liquid level sensor 4 is fixed at the bottom of the box body 1, is used for detecting the liquid level height of the fluorinated liquid 3 in real time, and is connected with the electronic valve 5. When the liquid level is lower than the set liquid level lower limit value, the liquid level sensor outputs a signal to the electronic valve so that the electronic valve is opened. After the electronic valve is opened, the liquid storage tank can supplement liquid for the corresponding box body, and when the liquid level of the box body reaches the set liquid level upper limit value, the liquid level sensor outputs a signal to the electronic valve, so that the electronic valve is closed; the pressure sensor 9 is fixed at the top of the fluorinated liquid condensing cavity 7 and is used for detecting the pressure in the fluorinated liquid condensing cavity 7 in real time, when the pressure in the fluorinated liquid condensing cavity 7 is overlarge, the pressure sensor can output a signal to the controller (not shown in the drawing), and the controller increases the condensing rate of the fluorinated liquid by increasing the power of the fan and the compressor, so that the pressure in the fluorinated liquid condensing cavity 7 is reduced; a temperature sensor (not shown in the drawings) for detecting the temperatures of the battery module 2 and the fluorinated liquid 3 in real time and connected to a battery control module (not shown in the drawings) for managing the battery module;
The fan 8 is used for enhancing the disturbance of the gaseous fluorinated liquid in the fluorinated liquid condensation cavity 7, so that the original natural convection heat exchange is converted into forced convection heat exchange, and the condensation speed of the fluorinated liquid is greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the cooling system includes: an evaporator 10, a compressor 11, a condenser 12, and a throttle valve 13. The outer surface of the evaporator is coated with a superhydrophobic coating, in this example a teflon coating, and after the surface has dried, the contact angle of the surface is measured to be greater than 150 degrees. Therefore, the fluoridized liquid is not condensed in a beaded way on the surface of the fluoridized liquid, and the condensing and heat transferring efficiency is greatly improved. The working medium circulated in the cooling system is a refrigerant, and the refrigerant adopted in the example is R134a. Wherein the refrigerant is vaporized by absorbing heat released in the condensation process of the fluoridized liquid outside the tube in the evaporator 10, and the vaporized refrigerant is liquefied in the condenser 12 after being compressed by the compressor 11, so that the heat is transferred to the external environment. The liquefied refrigerant passes through the throttle valve 13 and returns to the evaporator 10 to complete the circulation of the refrigerant.
Because the environmental temperature in summer in many areas is very high and can be higher than the boiling point of the adopted fluoridation liquid, the fluoridation liquid in the box body can be quickly boiled, and the heat dissipation is affected. For this purpose, a heat-insulating layer (shown in the drawing) is applied to the outer surface of the battery case, and in this example, a heat-insulating aerogel is applied to the outer surface of the battery case. Meanwhile, in a severe cold environment in winter, when the battery is in an unoperated state, the heat preservation and insulation layer can effectively inhibit the reduction of the temperature of the battery, so that the problem of cold start of stopping in a short time is avoided, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
In summary, the present invention discloses a two-phase submerged cooling system for cooling a battery pack, wherein the multi-module system shares a condensing chamber. The multi-battery module shares one condensation cavity, so that the whole structure is more compact, and the energy density is improved. The liquid level sensor, the electronic valve and the liquid storage tank are used, so that the fluoride liquid in the tank body can still keep proper liquid level under the condition of high-rate discharge of the battery, and the heat dissipation system is more stable. The phase change of the liquid is fully utilized to take heat and dissipate heat, so that the thermal resistance of the whole heat transfer process is reduced to the minimum, and the energy consumption of the system is greatly reduced.
The foregoing specific examples have been provided to illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure in detail, and it should be understood that the foregoing description is only exemplary of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. The dimensions and shapes of the elements in the drawings do not reflect actual dimensions and proportions, but merely represent the contents of the present example. Any modifications, improvements, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A two-phase immersion cooling system for battery cooling, wherein the two-phase immersion cooling system for battery cooling, which shares a condensing cavity, comprises a fluoride liquid circulation module, a sensor module, a battery control module and a cooling module;
The fluoridation liquid circulation module comprises: the box body (1), the condensation cavity (7), the liquid storage tank (6) and the electronic valve (5) are used for circulating the fluoridized liquid and are connected into a ring sequentially through pipelines; wherein: a case (1) in which a fluorinated liquid (3) is filled; the fan (8) is fixed in the condensation cavity (7); the box body (1) is connected with the condensing cavity (7) through the liquid storage tank (6) and the electronic valve (5); when the battery module works, the heat generated by the battery module is taken away by the filled fluoridized liquid, and when the temperature of the fluoridized liquid does not reach the boiling point, the fluoridized liquid absorbs the heat generated by the battery module by utilizing sensible heat; when the surface temperature of the battery module rises above the boiling point of the fluorinated liquid, the fluorinated liquid starts to boil, the fluorinated liquid steam generated by boiling enters a condensation cavity (7) and transfers heat to the cooling module, and the heat is then transferred to the external environment by the cooling module; the fluoridized liquid after being liquefied when meeting cold flows into a liquid storage tank (6); along with the continuous boiling of the fluorinated liquid, when the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid (3) in the box body (1) is lower than the set lower liquid level limit, the electronic valve (5) is opened, the liquid storage tank (6) supplements the liquid for the box body (1) until the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid (3) is higher than the set upper liquid level limit, and the electronic valve (5) is closed to complete the circulation of the fluorinated liquid;
The sensor module includes: a liquid level sensor (4), a pressure sensor (9) and a temperature sensor; the liquid level sensor (4) is fixed at the bottom of the box body (1) and is used for detecting the liquid level of the fluorinated liquid (3) in the box body (1) in real time and is connected with the electronic valve (5) to control the opening and closing of the electronic valve (5); the pressure sensor (9) is fixed at the top of the fluorinated liquid condensing cavity (7) and is used for detecting the pressure in the fluorinated liquid condensing cavity (7) in real time; the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperatures of the battery module (2) and the fluoride liquid (3) in real time, is connected with the battery control module and is used for managing the battery module;
The cooling module includes: an evaporator (10), a compressor (11), a condenser (12) and a throttle valve (13) for circulating a refrigerant; the evaporator (10), the compressor (11), the condenser (12) and the throttle valve (13) are connected into a ring through pipelines in sequence for refrigerant circulation, and the evaporator (10) is positioned in the condensation cavity (7).
2. The two-phase submerged cooling system for battery cooling according to claim 1, wherein the battery module (2) is a cylindrical battery module, a prismatic battery module or a pouch-shaped battery pack, which is fully or partially submerged in the fluorinated liquid (3) and is sealed with the inner space formed by the case (1).
3. A two-phase submerged cooling system for cooling batteries according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said fluorinated liquid (3) is an insulating flame retardant liquid and has a boiling point of 0-50 ℃ at 1 atmosphere.
4. A two-phase submerged cooling system for battery cooling according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fan (8) is configured to enhance the turbulence of the gaseous fluorinated liquid inside the fluorinated liquid condensation chamber (7) so that the original natural convection heat transfer is converted into forced convection heat transfer.
5. A two-phase submerged cooling system for battery cooling, according to claim 3, wherein said fan (8) is adapted to enhance the turbulence of the gaseous fluorinated liquid inside the fluorinated liquid condensation chamber (7) so that the original natural convection heat transfer is converted into forced convection heat transfer.
6. The two-phase submerged cooling system for battery cooling according to claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein the evaporator (10) has an outer surface coated with a super-hydrophobic coating, and the surface is condensed in the form of beads, which greatly improves the condensing and heat transfer efficiency.
7. A two-phase submerged cooling system for battery cooling according to claim 3, wherein the evaporator (10) has an outer surface coated with a superhydrophobic coating to form a bead-like condensation, thereby greatly improving the condensation heat transfer efficiency.
8. The two-phase submerged cooling system for battery cooling according to claim 4, wherein the evaporator (10) has an outer surface coated with a superhydrophobic coating so that the condensation on the surface is bead-like, thereby greatly improving the condensation heat transfer efficiency.
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| CN114267907B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-10-13 | 华北电力大学 | Thermal safety management system for battery energy storage, control method and application thereof |
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