CN111783218B - Lap weld simulation method - Google Patents
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- CN111783218B CN111783218B CN202010424811.XA CN202010424811A CN111783218B CN 111783218 B CN111783218 B CN 111783218B CN 202010424811 A CN202010424811 A CN 202010424811A CN 111783218 B CN111783218 B CN 111783218B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of finite element analysis, and discloses a lap weld simulation method, which comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional structure model of a lap weld; dividing a welding line unit in the three-dimensional structure model into single-layer double-row hexahedral meshes; dividing a quadrilateral surface grid for a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece in the three-dimensional structure model; endowing materials and attributes to the welding seam unit, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece, wherein MAT _ SPOTWELD _ DAMAGE _ FAILURE keywords are used as the welding seam unit materials, OPT is 1, and SIGAX and SIGTAU are selected as material FAILURE parameters; contact is set among the weld unit, the first connector and the second connector to obtain a finite element simulation model of the lap weld. The lap weld simulation method provided by the invention can ensure the simulation precision of the lap weld, reduce the simulation time and the calculation consumption, and is suitable for the collision simulation analysis of the whole vehicle level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of finite element analysis, in particular to a lap weld simulation method.
Background
The quality of the lap weld has an important influence on the crash performance of the finished vehicle. In the prior art, a lap weld is simulated by adopting a finite element simulation method, but the simulation precision of the lap weld by adopting the existing finite element simulation method is low, the number of grids is required to be increased in order to improve the simulation precision of the lap weld, and the increase of the number of the grids inevitably causes the great increase of the simulation time and the calculation consumption, so that the method is not suitable for the collision simulation analysis of the whole vehicle level.
Therefore, a new simulation method for lap weld is needed to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lap weld simulation method, which can ensure the simulation precision of lap welds, reduce the simulation time and the calculation consumption and is suitable for the collision simulation analysis of a whole vehicle level.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of simulating lap welds, comprising:
s1, establishing a three-dimensional structure model of a lap joint welding line, wherein the three-dimensional structure model comprises a welding line unit, a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, a first side surface of the welding line unit is attached to the first connecting piece, and a second side surface of the welding line unit is attached to the second connecting piece;
s2, dividing the welding line unit into single-layer double-row hexahedral meshes, wherein two adjacent hexahedral meshes share a node;
s3, dividing the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece into quadrilateral surface grids, wherein the node positions of the quadrilateral surface grids at the lap joint positions of the first connecting piece and the welding seam units coincide with the node positions of the grids on the first side surfaces of the welding seam units but do not share the nodes, and the node positions of the quadrilateral surface grids at the lap joint positions of the second connecting piece and the welding seam units coincide with the node positions of the grids on the second side surfaces of the welding seam units but do not share the nodes;
s4, materials and attributes are given to the welding line unit, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece through LS-DYNA software, wherein MAT _ SPOTWELD _ DAMAGE _ FAILURE keywords are used as materials of the welding line unit, OPT is 1, and SIGAX and SIGTAU are used as material FAILURE parameters;
and S5, setting contact between the welding line unit and the first connecting piece and between the welding line unit and the second connecting piece, so that the welding line unit, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are fixedly connected to obtain a finite element simulation model of the lap welding line.
As a preferable aspect of the lap weld simulation method, in step S2, the hexahedral mesh on the weld unit has the same length.
As a preferable aspect of the lap weld simulation method, in step S2, the thickness of the hexahedral mesh on the weld unit is equal to half of the sum of the thicknesses of the first connecting member and the second connecting member.
As a preferable scheme of the lap weld simulation method, in step S2, the thickness of the first connecting member is 0.7 to 3.5 mm; and/or the thickness of the second connecting piece is 0.7-3.5 mm.
As a preferable aspect of the lap weld simulation method, in step S2, the length of the hexahedral mesh is 2 to 4 mm; and/or the width of the hexahedral mesh is 2-4 mm; and/or the thickness of the hexahedral mesh is 0.7-3.5 mm.
As a preferable embodiment of the lap weld simulation method, between step S3 and step S4, the method further includes: and adjusting the quadrilateral surface grids on the first connecting piece and/or the second connecting piece to ensure that the quadrilateral surface grids on the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are attached to the hexahedral grids without initial interference.
As a preferable example of the method for simulating a lap weld, in step S4, the SIGAX and SIGTAU parameters are calculated according to the calibration test results.
As a preferable example of the lap weld simulation method, in step S5, a time _ NODES _ TO _ SURFACE contact is provided between the weld unit and the first connector and between the weld unit and the second connector, where a main SURFACE selects NODES of the grid on the first connector and the second connector, and a SURFACE selects NODES of the grid on the weld unit.
As a preferable embodiment of the lap weld simulation method, after step S5, the method further includes: and applying the finite element simulation model of the lap weld joint to the collision simulation analysis of the whole vehicle level.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a simulation method of lap welding seam, dividing single-layer double-row hexahedron grids on a welding seam unit, enabling two adjacent hexahedron grids to share nodes, then dividing quadrilateral surface grids on a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece, enabling the node position of the quadrilateral surface grid on the first connecting piece to coincide with the node position of the grid on a first side surface of the welding seam unit but not share nodes, enabling the node position of the quadrilateral surface grid on the second connecting piece to coincide with the node position of the grid on a second side surface of the welding seam unit but not share nodes, then utilizing LS-DYNA software to endow materials and attributes to the welding seam unit, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece, wherein MAT _ SPOTLD _ DAMAGE _ FAILURE key word is used as welding seam unit material, OPT is 1, SIGAX and SIGTAU are selected as material FAILURE parameters, finally contact among the welding seam unit, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece is set, the method for simulating the lap weld provided by the invention can ensure the simulation precision of the lap weld, accurately predict the mechanical property and failure of the lap weld, provide a theoretical basis for the design of the position and length of the weld of the whole vehicle, save the simulation time, reduce the calculation consumption and be suitable for the collision simulation analysis of the whole vehicle.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of simulating lap welds provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a mesh model of a lap weld provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a mesh model of a weld unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a weld unit;
2-a first connecting member;
3-second connecting piece.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a method for simulating lap weld, including:
s1, establishing a three-dimensional structure model of a lap weld, wherein the three-dimensional structure model comprises a weld unit 1, a first connecting piece 2 and a second connecting piece 3, a first side surface of the weld unit 1 is attached to the first connecting piece 2, and a second side surface of the weld unit 1 is attached to the second connecting piece 3;
s2, dividing the welding line unit 1 into single-layer double-row hexahedral meshes, wherein two adjacent hexahedral meshes share a node;
s3, dividing the first connecting piece 2 and the second connecting piece 3 into quadrilateral surface grids, wherein the node position of the quadrilateral surface grids at the lap joint position of the first connecting piece 2 and the welding seam unit 1 coincides with the node position of the grids on the first side surface of the welding seam unit 1 but does not share the nodes, and the node position of the quadrilateral surface grids at the lap joint position of the second connecting piece 3 and the welding seam unit 1 coincides with the node position of the grids on the second side surface of the welding seam unit 1 but does not share the nodes;
s4, materials and attributes are endowed to the welding line unit 1, the first connecting piece 2 and the second connecting piece 3 by LS-DYNA software, wherein MAT _ SPOTWELD _ DAMAGE _ FAILURE key words are used for the welding line unit 1, OPT is 1, and SIGAX and SIGTAU are used as material FAILURE parameters;
and S5, contact is arranged between the welding line unit 1 and the first connecting piece 2 and between the welding line unit 1 and the second connecting piece 3, so that the welding line unit 1, the first connecting piece 2 and the second connecting piece 3 are fixedly connected to obtain a finite element simulation model of the lap welding line. That is, the first connecting member 2 is fixedly connected to the first side surface of the welding seam unit 1 and the second connecting member 3 is fixedly connected to the second side surface of the welding seam unit 1 by providing contact.
The method for simulating lap weld provided in this embodiment includes dividing a single-layer double-row hexahedral mesh on a weld unit 1, sharing nodes between two adjacent hexahedral meshes, then dividing a quadrilateral mesh on a first connecting member 2 and a second connecting member 3, and making the node positions of the quadrilateral mesh on the first connecting member 2 coincide with the node positions of the mesh on the first side surface of the weld unit 1 but not share nodes, and making the node positions of the quadrilateral mesh on the second connecting member 3 coincide with the node positions of the mesh on the second side surface of the weld unit 1 but not share nodes, then using LS-DYNA software to give materials and attributes to the weld unit 1, the first connecting member 2, and the second connecting member 3, wherein the weld unit 1 is made of a key word MAT _ spotwald _ dam _ FAILURE, OPT ═ 1, selecting SIGAX and sigtauau as material FAILURE parameters, and finally setting the weld unit 1, a node b, and a node b, The method for simulating the lap weld provided by the invention not only can ensure the simulation precision of the lap weld, accurately predict the mechanical property and failure of the lap weld, provide a theoretical basis for the design of the position and length of the weld of the whole vehicle, but also can save the simulation time, reduce the calculation consumption and be suitable for the collision simulation analysis of the whole vehicle.
Preferably, in step S2, the hexahedral mesh on the bead unit 1 are equal in length.
Alternatively, in step S2, the thickness of the hexahedral mesh on the bead unit 1 is equal to half of the sum of the thicknesses of the first and second connectors 2 and 3. Namely: the thickness of the hexahedral mesh is (the thickness of the first connecting member 2 + the thickness of the second connecting member 3)/2.
Optionally, in step S2, the first connector 2 has a thickness of 0.7-3.5 mm. The thickness of the second connecting piece 3 is 0.7-3.5 mm. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the first connecting member 2 is 1mm, and the thickness of the second connecting member 3 is 1 mm. Of course, the thickness of the first connecting member 2 and the second connecting member 3 can be determined according to the actual thickness of the connected member in the whole vehicle, and is not limited herein.
Alternatively, in step S2, the length of the hexahedral mesh is 2-4 mm. The width of the hexahedral mesh is 2-4 mm. The thickness of the hexahedral mesh is 0.7-3.5 mm. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the length of the hexahedral mesh is 2.5mm, the width of the hexahedral mesh is 2.5mm, and the thickness of the hexahedral mesh is 1 mm. Of course, in other embodiments, the specific size of the hexahedral mesh may also be adjusted according to the size of the weld joint unit 1, and the like, which is not limited herein.
Further, in order to make the node positions of the quadrilateral surface grids on the first connecting member 2 coincide with the node positions of the grids on the first side surface of the welding seam unit 1, in this embodiment, the length of the quadrilateral surface grids on the first connecting member 2 is 2.5mm, and the width of the quadrilateral surface grids on the first connecting member 2 is 2.5 mm. Similarly, in order to make the node positions of the quadrilateral surface grids on the second connecting member 3 coincide with the node positions of the grids on the second side surface of the welding seam unit 1, the length of the quadrilateral surface grids on the second connecting member 3 is 2.5mm, and the width of the quadrilateral surface grids is 2.5 mm.
Preferably, between step S3 and step S4, the method further comprises: and adjusting the quadrilateral surface grids on the first connecting piece 2 and/or the second connecting piece 3 to ensure that the quadrilateral surface grids on the first connecting piece 2 and the second connecting piece 3 are attached to the hexahedral grids without initial interference, namely ensuring that the grids in the welding area have no initial interference, and preventing the grid interference from causing the increase of model simulation calculation time or calculation failure.
Preferably, in step S4, the SIGAX and SIGTAU parameters are calculated according to the calibration test results. In order to ensure the accuracy of the lap weld simulation result, two material failure evaluation parameters, namely SIGAX and SIGTAU, are calculated according to the calibration test result.
Preferably, in step S5, a time _ NODES _ TO _ SURFACE contact is provided between the weld unit 1 and the first connector 2 and between the weld unit 1 and the second connector 3, wherein the main face selects NODES of the grid on the first connector 2 and the second connector 3, and the face selects NODES of the grid on the weld unit 1.
Optionally, after step S5, the method further includes: and applying the finite element simulation model of the lap weld joint to the collision simulation analysis of the whole vehicle level. The number of the meshes of the finite element simulation model of the lap weld is relatively small, and the calculation consumption is low, so that the method can be applied to the collision simulation analysis of the whole vehicle level.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in some detail by the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the scope of the invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A lap weld simulation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a three-dimensional structure model of a lap weld, wherein the three-dimensional structure model comprises a weld unit (1), a first connecting piece (2) and a second connecting piece (3), a first side surface of the weld unit (1) is attached to the first connecting piece (2), and a second side surface of the weld unit (1) is attached to the second connecting piece (3);
s2, dividing the welding line unit (1) into single-layer double-row hexahedral meshes, wherein nodes are shared between every two adjacent hexahedral meshes;
s3, dividing quadrilateral surface grids for the first connecting piece (2) and the second connecting piece (3), wherein the node positions of the quadrilateral surface grids at the lap joint position of the first connecting piece (2) and the welding seam unit (1) are superposed with the node positions of the grids on the first side surface of the welding seam unit (1) but do not share nodes, the node positions of the quadrilateral surface grids at the lap joint position of the second connecting piece (3) and the welding seam unit (1) are superposed with the node positions of the grids on the second side surface of the welding seam unit (1) but do not share nodes, and adjusting the quadrilateral surface grids on the first connecting piece (2) and/or the second connecting piece (3) to ensure that the quadrilateral surface grids on the first connecting piece (2) and the second connecting piece (3) are jointed with the hexahedral grids but do not have initial interference;
s4, materials and attributes are endowed to the welding seam unit (1), the first connecting piece (2) and the second connecting piece (3) by using LS-DYNA software, wherein MAT _ SPOTWELD _ DAMAGE _ FAILURE keywords are used as materials of the welding seam unit (1), OPT is 1, and SIGAX and SIGTAU are selected as material FAILURE parameters;
s5, contact is arranged between the welding line unit (1) and the first connecting piece (2) and between the welding line unit (1) and the second connecting piece (3), so that the welding line unit (1), the first connecting piece (2) and the second connecting piece (3) are fixedly connected, and a finite element simulation model of the lap welding line is obtained.
2. The lap weld simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S2, the hexahedral mesh on the weld unit (1) are equal in length.
3. The lap weld simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S2, the thickness of the hexahedral mesh on the weld unit (1) is equal to half of the sum of the thicknesses of the first connecting member (2) and the second connecting member (3).
4. The lap weld simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S2, the first joining member (2) has a thickness of 0.7-3.5 mm; and/or the thickness of the second connecting piece (3) is 0.7-3.5 mm.
5. The lap weld simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S2, the hexahedral mesh has a length of 2-4 mm; and/or the width of the hexahedral mesh is 2-4 mm; and/or the thickness of the hexahedral mesh is 0.7-3.5 mm.
6. The lap weld simulation method of claim 1, wherein in step S4, the SIGAX and SIGTAU parameters are calculated from the results of the calibration test.
7. The method for the simulation of a lap weld according TO claim 1, characterized in that in step S5, a time _ NODES _ TO _ SURFACE contact is provided both between the weld unit (1) and the first connector (2) and between the weld unit (1) and the second connector (3), wherein a main face selects the NODES of the grid on the first connector (2) and the second connector (3), and a face selects the NODES of the grid on the weld unit (1).
8. The lap weld simulation method according to claim 1, further comprising, after step S5: and applying the finite element simulation model of the lap weld joint to the collision simulation analysis of the whole vehicle level.
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