CN111779502B - Tunnel shock insulation structure and construction process - Google Patents
Tunnel shock insulation structure and construction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111779502B CN111779502B CN202010701983.7A CN202010701983A CN111779502B CN 111779502 B CN111779502 B CN 111779502B CN 202010701983 A CN202010701983 A CN 202010701983A CN 111779502 B CN111779502 B CN 111779502B
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- seismic isolation
- shock insulation
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- tunnel
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/003—Linings or provisions thereon, specially adapted for traffic tunnels, e.g. with built-in cleaning devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
Abstract
The invention discloses a shock insulation structure for a tunnel and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering. The shock insulation structure comprises an arch frame, a steel bar net piece with a hook, a concrete layer and a prefabricated shock insulation plate, wherein the steel bar net piece with the hook is laid on the arch frame; the shock insulation plate is made of asphalt concrete. The construction method of the shock insulation structure comprises the steps of firstly excavating a tunnel and arranging an arch frame on the inner surface of the tunnel; laying a steel bar mesh on the arch center; then spraying concrete; assembling the prefabricated shock insulation board outside the concrete layer; and finally, carrying out guniting leveling and secondary primary building. When the surrounding rock is subjected to overall micro displacement due to the earthquake action to extrude the shock insulation plate, the shock insulation plate can deform and absorb earthquake energy in the deformation process, so that the shock insulation effect is achieved, and the capability of the tunnel structure for resisting earthquake damage is improved. The shock insulation plate adopts a factory prefabrication mode, construction measures are mutually independent from other construction procedures, and the construction procedures are simple and convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a tunnel shock insulation structure and a construction process.
Background
In the highway construction, the situation that a tunnel needs to be built can be avoided, and compared with a railway tunnel and an urban subway tunnel, the highway tunnel has the characteristics of large section, multiple plane lines and the like. Therefore, the requirements for preventing and controlling earthquake disasters of large-section highway tunnels are generally higher than those of other tunnels with smaller sections. Therefore, a seismic isolation structure is required to be installed when the tunnel is constructed. The related prevention and control of the earthquake disasters of the highway tunnels can be divided into three means of earthquake resistance, shock insulation and shock absorption from the aspect of dynamics. The relevant road tunnel shock insulation measures mainly adopt a foam concrete shock insulation layer and a shock insulation layer made of rubber materials. At present, the tunnel shock insulation structure needs to be constructed on a tunnel site, the procedure is complex, and the construction progress is slow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a manufacturing method of a shock insulation structure, which aims to solve the problem of how to improve the construction efficiency of the shock insulation structure of a highway tunnel.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a seismic isolation structure, the seismic isolation structure being used for a tunnel, comprising: excavating a tunnel and arranging an arch frame on the inner surface of the tunnel; laying a mesh on the arch center; the net piece is provided with a hook, the net piece is positioned on one side of the arch frame close to the tunnel, and the hook penetrates through the arch frame to be at least partially positioned on the other side of the arch frame; spraying concrete on the other side of the arch to form a concrete layer; mounting a prefabricated vibration isolation plate on the other side of the arch frame; and the shock insulation plate is fixed by the hook and is abutted against the surface of the concrete layer.
Further, installing a prefabricated seismic isolation plate on the other side of the arch, comprising: removing the adhered concrete on the hook; at least part of the hook penetrates through the seismic isolation plate to be fixedly connected with the seismic isolation plate; judging whether the shock insulation plate is in contact with the surface of the concrete layer or not; and if the shock insulation plate is not in contact with the surface of the concrete layer, bending the hook to enable the shock insulation plate to be abutted against the surface of the concrete layer.
Further, after installing the prefabricated seismic isolation plate on the other side of the arch, the method further comprises the following steps: spraying grout on a first surface of the seismic isolation plate, which is far away from the concrete layer, so as to level the first surface; and carrying out secondary lining on the first surface.
Further, installing a prefabricated seismic isolation plate before the other side of the arch further comprises: determining the section shape of the prefabricated vibration isolation plate; and manufacturing a plurality of prefabricated seismic isolation plates according to the section shape.
Further, manufacturing a plurality of the prefabricated seismic isolation plates according to the sectional shape, including: determining the preset curvatures of a first compaction plate and a second compaction plate which are arranged at intervals according to the section shape; adjusting the length of a first retractable bar connected to the first compaction plate and the length of a second retractable bar connected between the pedestal and a second compaction plate to adjust the curvature of the surfaces of the first compaction plate and the second compaction plate to the preset curvature; and injecting a mixed material of asphalt concrete between the first compression plate and the second compression plate to manufacture a prefabricated seismic isolation plate.
Further, manufacturing a plurality of the prefabricated seismic isolation plates according to the section shape, and further comprising: and a through hole is arranged at the position, close to the corner, of each prefabricated vibration isolation plate.
Further, laying a mesh on the arch, comprising: judging whether the arch center is provided with a net sheet with a hook spatially arranged and fixed; if the arch center does not have a first net piece with hooks arranged and fixed in space, laying a second net piece without hooks on the arch center, and fixedly connecting the hooks with the second net piece after laying the second net piece.
The invention also provides a seismic isolation structure for a tunnel, comprising: the arch frame is arranged on the inner surface of the tunnel; the net piece is provided with a hook, the net piece is positioned on one side, close to the tunnel, of the arch frame, and the hook penetrates through the arch frame to be at least partially positioned on the other side of the arch frame; the concrete layer is arranged on the other side of the arch center; the prefabricated shock insulation plate is arranged on the other side of the arch center; the shock insulation plate is fixed by the hook and is abutted against the surface of the concrete layer.
Further, the surface curvature of the prefabricated seismic isolation plate is adjustable.
Further, the prefabricated seismic isolation plate is formed by mixing asphalt and concrete.
The manufacturing method of the shock insulation structure of the invention, through setting up the bow member in the inner surface of the tunnel; paving a net sheet provided with a hook on the arch center; spraying concrete on the other side of the arch to form a concrete layer; the prefabricated shock insulation board of installation is at the opposite side of bow member, and the shock insulation board is fixed and with concrete layer's surperficial butt by the couple. By adopting the prefabricated shock insulation plate, the manufacturing method of the shock insulation structure does not occupy the construction field, thereby simplifying the construction process and improving the construction efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a seismic isolation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a seismic isolation structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an arch structure provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a mesh provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a seismic isolation plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a compactor machine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of the reference numerals:
10-seismic isolation structure, 11-tunnel inner surface, 12-arch, 13-net sheet, 14-concrete layer, 15-seismic isolation plate, 16-secondary primary building, 17-hook, 151-through hole, 60-compactor, 61-first telescopic rod, 62-first compaction plate, 63-hinge, 64-second compaction plate, 65-second telescopic rod and 66-pedestal
Detailed Description
Various combinations of the specific features in the embodiments described in the detailed description may be made without contradiction, for example, different embodiments may be formed by different combinations of the specific features, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations of the specific features in the present application will not be described separately.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the term "connected" should be understood broadly, and may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and the specific meaning of the term may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
It should be noted that the terms "first \ second" and "first \ second" referred to in the embodiments of the present application are only used for distinguishing similar objects, and do not represent a specific ordering for the objects, and it should be understood that "first \ second" and "first \ second" may interchange a specific order or sequence when allowed. It should be understood that "first \ second" distinguished objects may be interchanged where appropriate. Reference to the term "a plurality" in embodiments of the present application means greater than or equal to two.
The embodiment of the application provides a manufacturing method of a seismic isolation structure. The shock insulation structure is used for a tunnel, and the tunnel can be a highway tunnel, a railway tunnel, a subway tunnel and other tunnels. The isolation mainly means that the surrounding rock and the primary building structure are separated by adopting a high-damping material, and when the earthquake action is transmitted to the isolation structure, the isolation structure can block a transmission path of the earthquake action and reduce the earthquake action on the lining structure.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for manufacturing a seismic isolation structure according to an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:
s1, excavating a tunnel and arranging an arch frame on the inner surface of the tunnel.
Specifically, after excavation work is performed according to the excavation limit of the tunnel design, an arch frame 12 is erected on the inner surface 11 of the tunnel as required. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the arch 12 is curved to have a curvature substantially corresponding to the curvature of the inner surface of the tunnel and is in the form of a hollow, and may be a steel arch or a grating arch. Specifically, a plurality of arch frames are arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel, a certain spacing distance is kept between every two adjacent arch frames, the reference value of the spacing distance between every two adjacent arch frames is 50-80cm, and the arch frames can be adjusted according to actual conditions in the construction process.
S2, laying a mesh on the arch center; the net piece is provided with a hook, the net piece is located on one side, close to the tunnel, of the arch frame, and the hook penetrates through the arch frame to be located on the other side of the arch frame at least partially.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the mesh 13 may be made of steel bars, and a mesh structure is formed by the transverse and vertical steel bars, and the mesh structure may be rectangular, square or other shapes. The mesh 13 is laid on the arch 12, in particular, the mesh 13 is located between the tunnel inner surface 11 and the arch 12, i.e. on the side of the arch close to the tunnel inner surface 11. The lower end of the mesh 13 in the working state is provided with a hook 17, specifically, the hook can be arranged at an inflection point of the edge of the mesh, and the hook can be made of steel bars. The hook may extend through a hole provided in the arch to the other side of the arch opposite said one side, i.e. the side of the arch remote from the tunnel inner surface 11. The hook is arranged on the net sheet, can be integrally formed with the net sheet, and can also be connected together as two independent parts.
And S3, spraying concrete on the other side of the arch frame to form a concrete layer.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, concrete is sprayed on the other side of the arch 12, i.e. the side where the hooks 17 are located, i.e. the side of the arch 12 away from the inner surface 11 of the tunnel, so as to form the concrete layer 14. The spraying thickness of the concrete layer 14 is designed according to the design requirement, the concrete layer covers the arch frame 12, the net piece 13 and a part of the hook 17, and the free end of the hook 17 extends out of the concrete layer 14.
S5, mounting a prefabricated shock insulation plate on the other side of the arch center; and the shock insulation plate is fixed by the hook and is abutted against the surface of the concrete layer.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the seismic isolation plate 15 has a sheet shape, and has a convex surface and a concave surface, the convex surface may have the same curvature as that of the concave surface, and through holes 151 are provided at four corners. Specifically, the four hooks 17 on the mesh 13 in fig. 3 correspond to the four through holes 151 of the seismic isolation plate in fig. 5, and the free ends of the hooks 17 pass through the through holes 151 from the convex side of the seismic isolation plate 15 to reach the concave side of the seismic isolation plate 15 once to hook and fix the seismic isolation plate 15. The convex surface of the seismic isolation plate 15 is abutted against the surface of the concrete layer 14, and the abutting means that the seismic isolation plate 15 is abutted against and in close contact with the concrete layer 14; and, the seismic isolation plate 15 is fixedly connected with the concrete layer 14.
In the embodiment of the application, an arch is arranged on the inner surface of the tunnel; paving a net sheet provided with a hook on the arch center; spraying concrete on one side of the arch to form a concrete layer; and mounting a prefabricated shock insulation plate on the other side of the arch frame, wherein the shock insulation plate is fixed by a hook and is abutted against the surface of the concrete layer. By adopting the prefabricated shock insulation plate, the manufacturing method of the shock insulation structure does not occupy a construction site, thereby simplifying the construction process and improving the construction efficiency.
In some embodiments of the present application, the installing of the prefabricated vibration-isolated plate of the step S5 includes the steps of, on the other side of the arch:
and S51, removing the adhered concrete on the hook.
In the process of spraying concrete, concrete may adhere to the hook 17, and then the concrete adhering to the hook 17 is removed first, so that the hook 17 can smoothly pass through the through hole 151 formed in the seismic isolation plate 15. Specifically, the concrete removal from the hooks may be the concrete removal from only the portions of the hooks 17 protruding from the concrete layer 14, while the portions of the hooks located inside the concrete layer 14 do not need to be the concrete removal.
S52, at least part of the hook penetrates through the seismic isolation plate to be fixedly connected with the seismic isolation plate.
Specifically, the hook 17 may pass through a through hole 151 formed in the seismic isolation plate 15 after removing the adhered concrete, thereby fixedly connecting the seismic isolation plate 15. It may be that a part of the hook 17 passes from the convex surface to the concave surface of the seismic isolation plate 15, but the curved free end of the hook must pass through the concave surface side of the seismic isolation plate 15 for hooking the seismic isolation plate 15 to achieve a fixed connection with the seismic isolation plate 15.
S53, judging whether the seismic isolation plate is in contact with the surface of the concrete layer or not.
The convex surface of the seismic isolation plate 15 is adjacent to the concrete layer 14, so that whether the seismic isolation plate 15 is in surface contact with the concrete layer 14 or not can be judged by the ratio of the contact area of the convex surface and the concrete layer 14 to the total area of the convex surface, the contact can be considered when the ratio exceeds a preset threshold value, and the non-contact can be considered when the ratio is smaller than or equal to the threshold value. The predetermined threshold may be determined according to practical circumstances, for example 80% or 90%. Specifically, the determination of whether the seismic isolation plate 15 is in contact with the surface of the concrete layer 14 may be performed in various ways, for example, whether there is an apparently non-attached region between the seismic isolation plate 15 and the concrete layer 14 may be determined visually by a user.
S54, if the seismic isolation plate is not in contact with the surface of the concrete layer, bending the hook to enable the seismic isolation plate to be abutted against the surface of the concrete layer.
Specifically, if the seismic isolation plate 15 is in contact with the surface of the concrete layer 14, no action is required. If the seismic isolation plates 15 are not in contact with the surface of the concrete layer 14, that is, the ratio of the area of the portion of the convex surface of the seismic isolation plate 15 in contact with the concrete layer 14 to the total area of the convex surface is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold value, a bending moment is applied to the hooks 17, so that the hooks 17 are bent to extrude the seismic isolation plates 15 to abut against the surface of the concrete layer 14. Specifically, the bending of the hook may be bending moment applied to a straight portion of the hook having an original curvature of 0, and the portion is bent to have a curvature to press the seismic isolation plate 15, or bending may be applied to a curved portion of the hook having an original curvature greater than 0 to increase the curvature of the portion to press the seismic isolation plate 15.
Through detaching the concrete on the couple, judge whether shock insulation board contacts with concrete layer, if do not have the contact then crooked couple in order to support pressing shock insulation board to the mode that contacts with concrete, can promote the reliability and the stability of shock insulation board and concrete layer contact, and the operation only realizes through the couple is crooked simple and convenient.
As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments of the present application, the step S5 of installing the prefabricated seismic isolation plate further includes the following steps after the other side of the arch:
s61, spraying cement on the first surface of the seismic isolation plate, which is far away from the concrete layer, so as to level the first surface.
Specifically, after the seismic isolation plate 15 is fixedly installed, a first surface far away from the concrete layer 14 is sprayed with slurry, and the first surface is the other surface opposite to the surface of the seismic isolation plate 15, which is in contact with the concrete layer 14. The first surface is leveled by spraying a layer of concrete (i.e. gunite) on the first surface to fill gaps between the seismic isolation plates 15, i.e. the leveled first surface does not have obvious inflection points, and the thickness of the gunite is determined according to the laying condition of the seismic isolation plates on site.
And S62, performing secondary lining on the first surface.
Specifically, the secondary primary building is to pour concrete on the surface formed after the guniting, specifically, reinforcing steel bars may be bound on the surface formed after the guniting, the formwork trolley is placed in a tunnel, and concrete is poured in a space formed by the formwork and the reinforcing steel bars, so as to form the secondary primary building 16. Optionally, the first surface after leveling may be subjected to a waterproofing treatment first and then subjected to a secondary lining construction.
Can realize laying the flattening on surface to the shock insulation board through spouting for shock insulation board surface, the waterproof ability in the multiplicable tunnel of water repellent, the secondary is built construction just and is provided basis and facility for other construction process in the tunnel later stage.
In some embodiments of the present application, the installing of the prefabricated seismic isolation plate of step S5 further comprises the following steps before the other side of the arch:
s41, determining the section shape of the prefabricated seismic isolation plate.
Specifically, the section curvature of the seismic isolation plate 15 is consistent with the curvature of the curved surface of the concrete layer 14 on the side away from the inner surface of the tunnel, and the distance between the concave surface and the convex surface of the seismic isolation plate 15 should meet the design requirement and should not be greater than the vertical distance between the free end of the hook 71 and the net piece 13.
And S42, manufacturing a plurality of prefabricated vibration isolation plates according to the section shape.
Specifically, the seismic isolation plate 15 is prefabricated by a compactor 60 shown in fig. 6, which is a special equipment for forming the seismic isolation plate, and the compactor 60 includes a first compacting plate 62, a first telescopic rod 61, a base 66, a second telescopic rod 65 disposed on the base 66, a second compacting plate 64 connected to the second telescopic rod 65, and a hinge 63 disposed on the second compacting plate 64 and the first compacting plate 62. Adjusting the curvatures and the intervals of the first compression plate 62 and the second compression plate 64 to be consistent with the requirements of the section shape in the step S41, wherein the section shape includes the limitation of the curvatures of two surfaces (convex surface and concave surface) of the seismic isolation plate, and also includes the limitation of the distance between the two surfaces of the seismic isolation plate (namely the thickness of the seismic isolation plate); and a raw material mixture for manufacturing the seismic isolation plate is injected into a space formed by the first compression plate 62 and the second compression plate 64, thereby manufacturing the seismic isolation plate 15.
Specifically, the curvature of the shock insulation plate can be determined according to the section curvature after the tunnel is sprayed with the concrete layer 14, the shock insulation plate can be better contacted with the surface of the concrete layer, a plurality of shock insulation plates are prefabricated through a compactor, continuous assembly of a plurality of prefabricated plates is achieved, and construction efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments of the present application, the step S42 of manufacturing a plurality of the prefabricated seismic isolation plates according to the sectional shape includes the steps of:
and S421, determining the preset curvatures of the first compaction plate and the second compaction plate which are arranged at intervals according to the section shape.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, a first compacting plate 62 of the compactor 60 is used to form a concave surface of the seismic isolation plate 15, the first compacting plate 62 is used to form a convex surface of the seismic isolation plate 15, the first compacting plate 62 is fixedly connected to the first telescopic rod 61, a second compacting plate 64 is fixedly connected to the pedestal 66 through the second telescopic rod 65, and the first compacting plate 62 and the second compacting plate 64 are connected by a plurality of sub-compacting plates through hinges 63. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the first compression plate 62 includes three sub compression plates in the left-right direction shown in fig. 6, and the second compression plate 64 includes six sub compression plates in the left-right direction shown in fig. 6. By adjusting the extension amount of the first and second extendable rods 61, 65, the hinge 63 is driven to rotate, and the curvature of the first and second compression plates 62, 64 is adjusted to reach a preset value. The number of the hinges 63, the first extensible rods 62, and the second extensible rods 65 is not limited to that shown in fig. 6, and can be increased or decreased according to actual situations.
S422, adjusting the length of a first telescopic ejector rod connected to the first compaction plate and the length of a second telescopic ejector rod connected between the pedestal and the second compaction plate, so that the curvature of the surfaces of the first compaction plate and the second compaction plate is adjusted to be the preset curvature.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the curvatures of the first compression plate 62 and the second compression plate 64 may be adjusted by adjusting the extension and retraction processes of the first retractable rod 61 and the second retractable rod 65, specifically, the current curvature and the preset curvature are determined first, if the current curvature is smaller than the preset curvature, the first compressible rod 61 is extended, and the second compressible rod 65 is shortened, so that the curvatures of the first compression plate 62 and the second compression plate 64 are increased until the preset curvature is reached, and if the current curvature is larger than the preset curvature, the first compressible rod 61 is shortened, the second compressible rod 65 is extended, so that the curvatures of the first compression plate 62 and the second compression plate 64 are decreased until the preset curvature is reached.
And S423, injecting the mixed material of the asphalt concrete between the first compaction plate and the second compaction plate to manufacture the prefabricated seismic isolation plate.
Specifically, after the mixed material of the asphalt concrete is mixed in a certain proportion, the mixed material can be injected into a space formed by a first compaction plate 62 and a second compaction plate 64 shown in fig. 6 by an injection machine or other methods, and the seismic isolation plate 15 can be manufactured by maintaining the pressure for a certain time.
The hinge is driven to rotate by adjusting the progress of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod of the compactor, so that the curvatures of the first compacting plate and the second pressing plate are changed to reach preset values, the shock insulation plates with various curvatures can be manufactured, and different requirements in the actual construction process are met.
In some embodiments of the present application, the step S42 of manufacturing a plurality of the prefabricated seismic-isolation plates according to the cross-sectional shape further includes the steps of:
and S424, forming through holes at the positions, close to the corners, of each prefabricated vibration isolation plate.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, through holes 151 are formed at positions of the seismic isolation plate 15 near the corners, the aperture of the through holes can be within 10-20mm, and the distance between the through holes and the edge of the seismic isolation plate is about 1/8-1/6 of the edge length of the seismic isolation plate. The through hole can be formed by arranging a core-pulling structure on the die.
Through set up the through-hole near the corner at the shock insulation board for the couple can pass the through-hole and fix the shock insulation board, has realized the installation of shock insulation board.
In some embodiments of the present application, the laying of the mesh of step S2 on the arch comprises the steps of:
and S21, judging whether the arch center is provided with a net piece with a hook fixed in a space.
Specifically, before the mesh 13 is laid, the mesh 13 includes a mesh to which the hooks 17 are fixed and a mesh to which the hooks 17 are not fixed. The installation space required by the net sheets with the hooks 17 fixed is larger than that of the net sheets without the hooks 17 fixed. There may be various methods for determining whether the arch 12 has a space for installing the mesh to which the hooks are fixed, for example, whether there is a mesh in the tunnel where construction machinery is not convenient to lay the mesh with hooks, or whether a portion of the concrete layer 14 is formed to be convex so that the hooks are not convenient to install, and if the determination result is yes, it may be determined that the arch does not have a space for installing the mesh to which the hooks are fixed.
S22, if the arch center does not have a first net piece with hooks fixed in a space, laying a second net piece without hooks fixed on the arch center, and after laying the second net piece, fixedly connecting the hooks with the second net piece.
Specifically, if the arch frame 12 has a space for arranging the first mesh sheet fixed with the hook, no additional operation is needed, if the arch frame 12 has no space for arranging the first mesh sheet fixed with the hook, the second mesh sheet without the hook is laid at the place, and then the hook is fixed on the second mesh sheet.
By judging whether the arch has enough space for arranging the net sheets fixed with the hooks, when the arch does not have the space for arranging the first net sheets fixed with the hooks, the second net sheets without the hooks can be paved at the place, and then the hooks are fixed on the second net sheets, so that the net sheets can be paved under the condition that the space position of the arch is limited.
The embodiment of the application also provides a seismic isolation structure for the tunnel. As shown in fig. 2, the seismic isolation structure 10 includes an arch 12, a mesh 13, a concrete layer 14, and a prefabricated seismic isolation plate 15.
Wherein the arch 12 is arranged on the inner surface 11 of the tunnel. Specifically, the arch 12 is disposed inside the tunnel, in contact with the inner surface of the tunnel or spaced apart by a small gap. The arch 12 is shaped as a hollow mesh, as shown in fig. 3, with the curvature of the surface being substantially the same as the curvature of the inner surface of the tunnel.
As shown in fig. 3, a hook 17 is provided on the mesh 13, the mesh 13 is located on one side of the arch 12 close to the inner surface 11 of the tunnel, and a free end of the hook 17 penetrates through the arch 12 and is at least partially located on the other side of the arch 12 far from the surface of the tunnel. Specifically, the hooks 17 may be fixed to the mesh 13 by welding or binding, and the hooks 17 may be located at the corners of the mesh 13.
Here, as shown in fig. 2, the seismic isolation plate 15 is prefabricated, i.e., is prepared and molded before the seismic isolation structure is manufactured in a tunnel environment, and does not need to be prepared on the site of manufacturing the seismic isolation structure. Prefabricated vibration isolation plates 15 are arranged on the other side of the arch frame 12, and the vibration isolation plates 15 are fixed by hooks 17 and are abutted against the surface of the concrete layer 14. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, through holes 151 are provided at corners of the seismic isolation plate 15, and the hooks 17 fix the seismic isolation plate 15 through the through holes 151.
The shock insulation structure comprises an arch frame, a net piece, a concrete layer and a prefabricated shock insulation plate, wherein the prefabricated shock insulation plate is fixed by a hook and abutted against the concrete layer, so that the shock insulation structure is simplified; the construction site is not occupied on the basis of realizing effective shock insulation of the tunnel, so that the construction flow is simplified and the construction efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments of the present application, the surface curvature of the seismic isolation plate 15 in the seismic isolation structure 10 is adjustable.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the curvature of both the concave and convex surfaces of the seismic isolation plate 15 can be achieved by adjusting the compactor 60 shown in fig. 6. The specific adjustment process has already been discussed and is not described herein.
Different requirements in the construction process can be met by adjusting the surface curvature of the shock insulation plate, and the application range is wider.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the seismic isolation plates 15 of the seismic isolation structure 10 are made of a mixture of asphalt and concrete.
Specifically, the seismic isolation plate 15 is made by mixing asphalt and concrete, the compressive strength of the seismic isolation plate is greater than 5Mpa, and the actual construction mix proportion needs to be designed according to the original stone strength of coarse and fine aggregates, the aggregate crushing value and the like. The reference gradation indexes of the aggregate grain size to mass ratio are as follows:
by using the asphalt concrete mixture as the raw material of the shock insulation plate, the earthquake energy can be absorbed, the internal temperature is increased after the energy is absorbed, the elastic modulus is reduced, the deformability is enhanced, the dynamic state of surrounding rocks can be further adapted, and the stress of tunnel lining is reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of manufacturing a seismic isolation structure for use in a tunnel, comprising:
excavating a tunnel and arranging an arch frame on the inner surface of the tunnel;
laying a mesh on the arch center; the net piece is provided with a hook, the net piece is positioned on one side, close to the tunnel, of the arch frame, and the hook penetrates through the arch frame to be at least partially positioned on the other side of the arch frame;
spraying concrete on the other side of the arch to form a concrete layer;
mounting a prefabricated seismic isolation plate on the other side of the arch frame; the shock insulation plate is provided with a through hole, the hook penetrates through the through hole to fix the shock insulation plate, and the shock insulation plate is abutted to the surface of the concrete layer.
2. The method of manufacturing of claim 1, wherein installing a pre-fabricated seismic isolation plate on the other side of the arch comprises:
removing the adhered concrete on the hook;
at least part of the hook penetrates through the seismic isolation plate to be fixedly connected with the seismic isolation plate;
judging whether the shock insulation plate is in contact with the surface of the concrete layer or not;
and if the shock insulation plate is not in contact with the surface of the concrete layer, bending the hook to enable the shock insulation plate to be abutted against the surface of the concrete layer.
3. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, further comprising, after installing a prefabricated seismic isolation plate on the other side of the arch:
spraying cement on a first surface of the seismic isolation plate, which is far away from the concrete layer, so as to level the first surface;
and carrying out secondary lining on the first surface.
4. The method of manufacturing of claim 1, wherein installing a pre-fabricated seismic isolation plate before the other side of the arch further comprises:
determining the section shape of the prefabricated vibration isolation plate;
and manufacturing a plurality of prefabricated seismic isolation plates according to the section shape.
5. The method of manufacturing according to claim 4, wherein manufacturing a plurality of said prefabricated seismic isolation plates according to said sectional shape comprises:
determining the preset curvatures of a first compaction plate and a second compaction plate which are arranged at intervals according to the section shape;
adjusting the length of a first retractable bar connected to the first compaction plate and the length of a second retractable bar connected between the pedestal and the second compaction plate to adjust the curvature of the surfaces of the first compaction plate and the second compaction plate to the preset curvature;
and injecting a mixed material of asphalt concrete between the first compression plate and the second compression plate to manufacture a prefabricated seismic isolation plate.
6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein manufacturing a plurality of the prefabricated seismic isolation plates according to the sectional shape further comprises:
and the through hole is formed in the position, close to the corner, of each prefabricated seismic isolation plate.
7. The method of manufacturing of claim 1, wherein laying a mesh on the arch comprises:
judging whether the arch center is provided with a net sheet with a hook spatially arranged and fixed;
if the arch center does not have a first net piece with hooks arranged and fixed in space, laying a second net piece without hooks on the arch center, and fixedly connecting the hooks with the second net piece after laying the second net piece.
8. A seismic isolation structure for a tunnel, comprising:
an arch frame arranged on the inner surface of the tunnel;
the net piece is provided with a hook, the net piece is positioned on one side, close to the tunnel, of the arch frame, and the hook penetrates through the arch frame to be at least partially positioned on the other side of the arch frame;
a concrete layer disposed at the other side of the arch;
the prefabricated shock insulation plate is arranged on the other side of the arch frame; the shock insulation board is provided with a through hole, the hook penetrates through the through hole to fix the shock insulation board, and the shock insulation board is abutted to the surface of the concrete layer.
9. A seismic isolation structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein the surface curvature of said prefabricated seismic isolation plate is adjustable.
10. Seismic isolation structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein said prefabricated seismic isolation plate is formed by mixing asphalt and concrete.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010701983.7A CN111779502B (en) | 2020-07-20 | 2020-07-20 | Tunnel shock insulation structure and construction process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010701983.7A CN111779502B (en) | 2020-07-20 | 2020-07-20 | Tunnel shock insulation structure and construction process |
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| CN111779502A CN111779502A (en) | 2020-10-16 |
| CN111779502B true CN111779502B (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3306632A1 (en) * | 1983-02-25 | 1984-08-30 | Salzgitter Maschinen Und Anlagen Ag, 3320 Salzgitter | Wire-lining mat with fine-meshed net |
| DE29805525U1 (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 1998-05-20 | Dmt Gmbh | Anchor mats with sheet steel profiles |
| CN102562091A (en) * | 2012-01-30 | 2012-07-11 | 中铁七局集团有限公司 | Foam concrete shock absorbing structure of tunnel and construction method of foam concrete shock absorbing structure |
| CN104047610B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2017-06-16 | 甘肃省交通规划勘察设计院有限责任公司 | Composite lining structure |
| CN204920975U (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-12-30 | 中铁隧道股份有限公司 | Tunnel supporting construction |
| CN107642367A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-01-30 | 广州大学 | A kind of shield tunnel isolation structure and its construction method |
| JP7194531B2 (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2022-12-22 | 株式会社フジタ | Seismic isolation upper foundation structure and manufacturing method thereof, footing structure, and seismic isolation foundation construction method |
| CN209875165U (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-12-31 | 天津大学 | Shock insulation duct piece for shield tunnel |
| CN109899086A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-18 | 广州大学 | A kind of tunnel is every shock absorption system |
| CN110700857B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-01-05 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Composite tunnel supporting system and construction method |
| CN110939457B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-04-27 | 兰州理工大学 | Inflatable seismic isolation and reduction tunnel lining structure and construction method |
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