CN111779018B - Mechanical construction method for embedded anchor rod composite foundation of power transmission line - Google Patents
Mechanical construction method for embedded anchor rod composite foundation of power transmission line Download PDFInfo
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- CN111779018B CN111779018B CN202010584100.9A CN202010584100A CN111779018B CN 111779018 B CN111779018 B CN 111779018B CN 202010584100 A CN202010584100 A CN 202010584100A CN 111779018 B CN111779018 B CN 111779018B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/50—Anchored foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
- E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
- E21B10/34—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools of roller-cutter type
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method of a composite foundation of a power transmission line, in particular to a mechanized construction method of an embedded anchor rod composite foundation of the power transmission line, which is characterized in that a conical foundation pit is geometrically formed into a plurality of straight line sections, and the section diameters of the straight line sections are gradually increased from top to bottom; the expanding bottom drill bit of the mountain land type rotary drilling rig is improved, the expanding width of the expanding bottom drill bit accurately corresponds to the diameter of a construction section through a displacement sensor, quantitative control is performed, the expanding width of the expanding bottom drill bit is kept through a hydraulic limiting device during construction, drilling is conducted from bottom to top, the operation precision is high, time and labor are saved, meanwhile, the loss of the expanding bottom drill bit can be reduced, the volume of concrete is reduced, and the shape of final pore-forming of a composite foundation is ensured. In addition, the advantages of the mountain land type rotary drilling rig are fully utilized, manual operation is reduced, mechanical construction of the foundation is improved, danger of the manual operation is reduced, and progress benefit and safety benefit are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method of a composite foundation of a power transmission line, in particular to a mechanized construction method of an embedded anchor rod composite foundation of the power transmission line.
Background
In the construction of the power transmission line, when the geological conditions of the upper and lower rocks are met, the rock-embedded-anchor-rod composite foundation is used as a tower foundation, the performances of the two foundations of the rock-embedded foundation and the rock-anchor-rod composite foundation can be fully utilized, the deformation coordination is good, and the economic benefit is good. However, the shape of the foundation pit of the embedded anchor rod composite foundation is generally a variable cross-section shape, and in order to better adapt to the embedded foundation and the anchor rod foundation, the requirement for the diameter in the shape is relatively accurate, and in addition, the power transmission line towers are generally located in mountainous areas and hilly areas with inconvenient traffic, so that the mechanized construction is difficult. In the prior art, a rotary drilling rig is adopted for construction, as described in patent ZL201410791372, however, the rotary drilling rig can only perform foundation hole forming with a single diameter, and variable cross-section construction cannot be performed, so that the rotary drilling rig is not suitable for construction of an embedded anchor rod composite foundation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the mechanized construction method of the transmission line embedded anchor rod composite foundation, which has the advantages of high construction efficiency, low risk, high safety and capability of reducing the concrete volume according to the defects of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following ways:
the mechanized construction method of the embedded anchor rod composite foundation of the power transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) the mountain land type rotary drilling rig comprises a rig body, a roller cone drill and a bottom expanding drill bit, wherein the bottom expanding drill bit comprises an upper chassis, a lower chassis, a telescopic shaft center rod, a displacement sensor, a hydraulic limiting device and drill arm connecting rods which are symmetrically distributed, the upper end and the lower end of each drill arm connecting rod are correspondingly hinged with the upper chassis and the lower chassis respectively, the upper chassis is used for connecting a drill rod of the rotary drilling rig, the shaft center rod is an upper sleeved steel pipe and a lower sleeved steel pipe, the upper section of steel pipe is fixed on the lower end face of the upper chassis, the lower section of steel pipe is fixed on the upper end face of the lower chassis, and the upper section of steel pipe is sleeved in a middle; the displacement sensor is arranged on the axle center rod; the hydraulic limiting device comprises an oil pressure pipe arranged on the inner side surface of the lower section of steel pipe, a hydraulic device connected with the oil pressure pipe, two symmetrically distributed arc-shaped movable steel plates arranged on the inner side surface of the oil pressure pipe, limiting bulges respectively distributed on the periphery of the upper section of steel pipe and limiting grooves distributed on the inner sides of the arc-shaped movable steel plates, wherein the limiting bulges are matched with the limiting grooves and can be clamped into the limiting grooves;
2) the foundation pit of the embedded anchor rod composite foundation is of a conical structure, the number of bottom expanding sections is determined to be round (H-1) according to the total buried depth of the composite foundation, wherein H is the total buried depth of the embedded foundation, the embedded foundation construction comprises a foundation section and a plurality of bottom expanding sections, the first section is the foundation section, the second section is a bottom expanding straight-line section, and the bottom expanding straight-line section is an equal-diameter straight-line section;
round (H-1) is a rounding function for (H-1), for example: if the foundation buried depth H is 3.6m, round (H-1) =3, the bottoming needs to be completed by three times of bottoming, the depth of the last bottoming excavation is 0.6m, if the foundation buried depth H is 3.4m, round (H-1) =2 is obtained by two times of bottoming, and the depth of the last bottoming excavation is 1.4 m;
3) cleaning a base surface, removing 10cm of virtual soil from the original ground surface, providing a stable operating platform for the rotary drilling rig,
4) installing a roller bit, wherein the diameter of the roller bit needs to be equal to the diameter D of the top opening of the foundation pit1The drilling depth is 2000mm from the ground plus the chassis thickness h of the bottom expanding drill bit, the construction of the first section of the foundation section of the composite foundation is completed, and the cone wheel cylinder is extracted to drill to the ground; the diameter of the section of the first section of the base section is D1Namely the size of the top of the embedded foundation;
the drilling depth of the first section of the base section comprises the height of the second section of the bottom expanding straight section;
5) starting from the second section of bottom-expanding straight-line section, the diameter of the second section of bottom-expanding straight-line section is D2The diameter of the straight-line section of the Nth section of the enlarged base is DnObtaining D according to the composite foundation stress requirementnThe following were used:
Dn=
（1）
wherein: d, the size of the bottom of the embedded foundation is shown;
6) and (3) constructing a second section of bottom expanding straight-line section: d obtained according to formula (1)2Calculating the axial offset distance m of the drill rod needing to be pressed2And adjusting the displacement sensor on the underreaming bit (control m)2) Changing the cone bit into the adjusted bottom expanding drill bit, putting the bottom expanding drill bit down to the bottom of the first section of the basic section, applying downward axial force according to the index control of the displacement sensor, and additionally rotating until the axial distance of the press down reaches m2When the upper section of steel pipe of the axle center rod extends between the two arc-shaped movable steel plates, the two drilling arm connecting rods are pressed downwards and opened, a hydraulic device is started, hydraulic annular pressure is applied to the two arc-shaped movable steel plates through an oil hydraulic pipe, the arc-shaped movable steel plates are pressed to the outer peripheral surface of the upper section of steel pipe until the limiting bulges on the outer periphery of the upper section of steel pipe are embedded into the limiting grooves on the inner sides of the arc-shaped movable steel plates, so that the opening widths of the two drilling arm connecting rods are fixed, the bottom expanding diameter of the section is kept, a bottom expanding drill bit is rotationally rotated and pulled upwards to the height of a second bottom expanding straight-line section, and;
7) starting a hydraulic device to release oil pressure, enabling two arc-shaped movable steel plates to be far away from an upper section of steel pipe, enabling the upper section of steel pipe to ascend under the driving of an upper chassis and a rotary drilling rig, stretching, retracting and returning two drill arm connecting rods, extracting a bottom expanding drill bit to the ground, replacing a gear barrel drill, lowering the bottom of a second section of bottom expanding straight-line section, and continuously drilling, wherein the drilling depth is 1000mm below the bottom of a first section of base section plus the chassis thickness h of the bottom expanding drill bit; after drilling, extracting the cone barrel to drill to the ground;
8) obtaining the diameter D of the next bottom expanding straight-line section according to the formula (1)nAnd further calculating the axial offset distance m of the drill rod needing to be pressed downnRepeating the step 6) to the step 7) until the construction of all the bottom expanding straight-line sections is completed, wherein the last bottom expanding depth is the sum of the total buried depth H of the embedded foundation minus the depth of the previous construction; thereby completing the construction of the foundation pit of the embedded anchor rod composite foundation;
9) removing slag soil at the bottom of the foundation pit, positioning anchor holes of the anchor rods, drilling holes by using a power transmission line anchor rod drilling machine, inserting the anchor rods and aligning after completing the construction of all the anchor holes, and then pouring anchor rod concrete to complete the foundation construction of the anchor rods;
10) and installing a reinforcement cage of the embedded foundation, pouring concrete, and pouring the embedded foundation and the anchor rod foundation into an integrally-formed embedded anchor rod composite foundation.
Therefore, according to the mechanized construction method of the embedded anchor rod composite foundation of the power transmission line, the conical foundation pit is geometrically formed into a plurality of straight line segments, and the section diameters of the straight line segments are gradually increased from top to bottom; the expanding bottom drill bit of the mountain land type rotary drilling rig is improved, the expanding width of the expanding bottom drill bit accurately corresponds to the diameter of a construction section through a displacement sensor, quantitative control is performed, the expanding width of the expanding bottom drill bit is kept through a hydraulic limiting device during construction, drilling is conducted from bottom to top, the operation precision is high, time and labor are saved, meanwhile, the loss of the expanding bottom drill bit can be reduced, the volume of concrete is reduced, and the shape of final pore-forming of a composite foundation is ensured. In addition, the advantages of the mountain land type rotary drilling rig are fully utilized, manual operation is reduced, mechanical construction of the foundation is improved, danger of the manual operation is reduced, and progress benefit and safety benefit are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embedded anchor rod composite foundation (conical structure) of a power transmission line;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom-expanding drill bit in the mountain land type rotary drilling rig of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a lower section of a steel pipe of a center shaft rod in a bottom-expanding drill bit of the mountain land type rotary drilling rig;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bottom-expanding drill bit of the mountain land type rotary drilling rig entering the bottom of a current section straight line section;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the mountain land type rotary drilling rig when the expanding bottom drill bit applies an axial force downwards and additionally rotates, and the expanding width of the two drill arm connecting rods is the diameter of the straight line segment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a bottom-expanding drill bit in the mountain land type rotary drilling rig provided by the invention, and the bottom-expanding straight line section is finished by upward rotary drilling under the support of a limiting device. For ease of illustration, the displacement sensor and hydraulic stop are not shown in FIGS. 4-6.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Detailed Description
The best embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the foundation pit of the anchor bolt composite foundation is a conical structure and comprises an embedded foundation 1 and an anchor bolt foundation 2, but the invention can also be applied to the excavation type anchor bolt composite foundation and other variable-section-diameter foundation construction.
The foundation pit of the embedded anchor rod composite foundation is of a conical structure as shown in figure 1, the conical structure is geometrically changed into a plurality of sections of straight line sections during construction, the number of bottom expanding sections is determined to be round (H-1) according to the total burial depth of the composite foundation, H is the total burial depth of the embedded foundation, the embedded foundation construction comprises a foundation section and a plurality of bottom expanding sections, the first section is the foundation section, the second section is the bottom expanding straight line section, and the bottom expanding straight line section is an equal-diameter straight line section.
round (H-1) is a rounding function for (H-1), for example: if the foundation burial depth H is 3.6m, round (H-1) =3, the bottoming needs to be completed by three times of bottom expanding, the depth of the last bottom expanding excavation is 0.6m, if the foundation burial depth H is 3.4m, round (H-1) =2 is achieved by two times of bottom expanding, and the depth of the last bottom expanding excavation is 1.4 m.
In order to realize the construction method, a specially-modified bottom expanding drill bit is adopted, as shown in attached figures 2 and 3, the bottom expanding drill bit comprises an upper chassis 1, a lower chassis 2, a telescopic shaft center rod, a displacement sensor, a hydraulic limiting device and drill arm connecting rods 4 which are symmetrically distributed, the upper end and the lower end of each drill arm connecting rod 4 are correspondingly hinged with the upper chassis 1 and the lower chassis 3 respectively, the upper chassis 1 is used for connecting a drill rod of a rotary drilling rig, the shaft center rod is an upper section and a lower section of sleeved steel pipes, the upper section of steel pipe 5 is fixed on the lower end surface of the upper chassis 1, the lower section of steel pipe 6 is fixed on the upper end surface of the lower chassis, and the upper section of steel pipe 5 can be sleeved in the middle cavity of the; a sensing head 3 of the displacement sensor is arranged on the lower end part of the upper section of the steel pipe 5 of the axle center rod; the hydraulic limiting device comprises an oil pressure pipe 7 arranged on the inner side surface of the lower section of steel pipe, a hydraulic device 8 connected with the oil pressure pipe 7, two symmetrically distributed arc-shaped movable steel plates 9 arranged on the inner side surface of the oil pressure pipe 7, a plurality of limiting protrusions 10 distributed on the periphery of the upper section of steel pipe 5 and a plurality of limiting grooves 11 distributed on the inner side of the arc-shaped movable steel plates 9, wherein the limiting protrusions 10 are matched with the limiting grooves 11 and can be clamped into the limiting grooves 11.
The inner side of a lower section of steel pipe of the axle rod is additionally provided with symmetrically distributed arc movable steel plates, each arc movable steel plate consists of two concentric arc plates, each arc movable steel plate can be axially compressed, when a displacement sensor displays that an upper section of steel pipe moves to a designed depth, an oil pressure pipe exerts hydraulic annular pressure under the action of a hydraulic device, the two arc movable steel plates move inwards in opposite directions, the upper section of steel pipe is further coated, and a limiting bulge is clamped into a limiting groove to be clamped, so that the limiting function is completed. After the corresponding section is dug in a rotary mode, the hydraulic device releases oil pressure, the arc-shaped movable steel plate returns to the original position, the limiting protrusion is separated from the limiting groove, the upper section of steel pipe is lifted to the highest position, and finally the bottom expanding drill bit is lifted to form the hole.
The invention relates to a mechanized construction method of an embedded anchor rod composite foundation of a power transmission line, which comprises the following steps:
1) the mountain land type rotary drilling rig comprises a rig body, a roller cone drill and a bottom expanding drill bit, wherein the bottom expanding drill bit is additionally provided with a displacement sensor and a hydraulic limiting device as described above;
2) the field is smooth, the base surface is cleaned, the 10cm of virtual soil is removed from the original ground, a stable operation platform is provided for the rotary drilling rig, the rotary drilling rig is ensured to have enough operation platform and bearing capacity,
3) installing a cone drill, wherein the diameter of the cone drill needs to be equal to the diameter D of the top opening1Similarly, the mechanical construction conical embedded-anchor rod composite foundation develops the variable cross section according to 1m, and develops the variable slope according to 0.5m if the embedded depth of the upper embedded part is shallow (less than 3 m). The present embodiment is discussed with the embedded portion being 3 m. The first section adopts a cone drum drill to drill in a rotating way, and the drilling depth is 2000mm plus the thickness h of the bottom expanding drill bit chassis.
4) Starting from the second section of bottom-expanding straight-line section, the diameter of the second section of bottom-expanding straight-line section is D2N thThe diameter of the straight line segment of the enlarged base is DnObtaining D according to the composite foundation stress requirementnThe following were used:
Dn= 
（1）
wherein: d, the size of the bottom of the embedded foundation is shown;
5) and (3) constructing a second section of bottom expanding straight-line section: d obtained according to formula (1)2Calculating the axial offset distance m of the drill rod needing to be pressed2And adjusting the displacement sensor on the underreaming bit (control m)2) Replacing the cone roller drill with an adjusted bottom expanding drill bit, placing the bottom expanding drill bit at the bottom of the first section of the base section, controlling the drill rod to apply downward axial force according to the reading of the displacement sensor, and additionally rotating until the downward axial distance reaches m2When the upper section of steel pipe of the axle center rod extends between the two arc-shaped movable steel plates, the two drilling arm connecting rods are pressed downwards and opened, a hydraulic device is started, hydraulic annular pressure is axially applied to the two arc-shaped movable steel plates through an oil hydraulic pipe (refer to the attached figure 3), the arc-shaped movable steel plates are pressed to the outer peripheral surface of the upper section of steel pipe until limiting bulges on the outer periphery of the upper section of steel pipe are embedded into limiting grooves on the inner sides of the arc-shaped movable steel plates, so that the opening widths of the two drilling arm connecting rods are fixed, the bottom expanding diameter of the section is kept, a bottom expanding drill bit is rotationally rotated and pulled upwards to the height of a second bottom expanding straight-line section;
6) starting a hydraulic device to release oil pressure, enabling two arc-shaped movable steel plates to be far away from an upper section of steel pipe, enabling the upper section of steel pipe to rise under the driving of an upper chassis and a rotary drilling rig, stretching, retracting and returning two drill arm connecting rods, extracting a bottom expanding drill bit to the ground, replacing a gear barrel drill, lowering the bottom of a second section of bottom expanding straight-line section, and continuously drilling, wherein the drilling depth is 1000mm below the bottom of a first section of base section plus the chassis thickness h of the bottom expanding drill bit, namely the depth is 3000mm below the ground; after drilling, extracting the cone barrel to drill to the ground; the cone drill is provided with a slag removing function, and the residual slag left in the step 3) can be removed in the process.
7) Obtaining a third enlarged bottom according to the formula (1)Diameter of straight line segment D3And further calculating the axial offset distance m of the drill rod needing to be pressed down3And repeating the steps 5) to 6), as shown in the figures 4 to 6, firstly lowering the bottom expanding drill bit to the bottom of the foundation pit (as shown in the figure 4) formed in the step 6), applying downward axial force according to the index control of the displacement sensor, and additionally rotating until the downward axial distance reaches m2Value when the opening width of the two drill boom connecting rods is D3(as shown in fig. 5), the hydraulic limiting device is started to keep the diameter of the section of the expanded base, and the bottom expanding drill bit is rotated and pulled up to the height of the straight line section of the expanded base (as shown in fig. 6). The construction of the second section of the bottom-enlarging straight-line section can also refer to the attached figures 4-6, and only the bottom-enlarging drill bit is positioned at the section.
The final bottom expanding depth is the total depth H of the embedded foundation minus the sum of the depths of the previous constructions; thereby completing the construction of the foundation pit of the embedded anchor rod composite foundation.
8) Partial construction of an anchor rod: the anchor hole is manually positioned, and the power transmission line jumbolter is in place and drills holes. And (4) checking the hole after the drilling is finished, blowing and cleaning the hole after the parameters of the depth and the inclination of the hole meet the design requirements, and performing hole forming protection. After drilling of a single leg of the power transmission line is completed, removing a drilling machine, cleaning a pit bottom, cleaning anchor hole water, inserting and aligning an anchor rod, pouring anchor rod concrete after the above working procedures are completed, and performing maintenance of the anchor rod to complete anchor rod foundation construction;
9) and installing a reinforcement cage of the embedded foundation, pouring concrete, and pouring the embedded foundation and the anchor rod foundation into an integrally-formed embedded anchor rod composite foundation.
The invention also needs to carry out the following detailed treatment in the construction process:
1. anchor part
(1) Deviation between the actual depth of the drilled hole and the design depth is +/-50 mm; deviation between the bore diameter of the drilled hole and the designed bore diameter is +/-5 mm; after the drill hole is formed, pouring is finished within 24 hours, and the inclusion material is provided with a strength detection report of a standard test block;
(2) constructing single anchors in the group of anchors strictly according to a design drawing, wherein the deviation between the plane arrangement size and the design size is +/-50 mm;
(3) the anchor bars are intact and subjected to rust removal treatment; the quantity of the steel bars strictly complies with the design requirements, and the construction deviation of the anchor bar spacing is +/-8 mm; the inside of the test foundation can not be stored with pre-buried objects except for the steel bars and the concrete;
(4) before pouring, holes need to be cleaned, and when the inclusion material is poured, a micro vibrating rod needs to be adopted for vibrating, so that the compactness of the inclusion material is ensured.
(5) For the water inrush condition in the construction process, water pumping construction or hole bottom high-pressure grouting can be adopted, and the influence of underground water on the foundation quality is eliminated.
2. Embedded foundation
(1) When the foundation is excavated, the aperture and the depth are strictly constructed according to the size of a construction drawing, and the errors of the aperture and the depth of a test foundation are controlled to be 50 mm; the thickness of the concrete protective layer of the upright post is strictly controlled to be 40-70 mm;
(2) the outcrop height of the foundation bolt is strictly controlled according to the size of a construction drawing, and the error is controlled within 20 mm; the distance between the foundation bolts is strictly controlled according to the size of a construction drawing, and the error is controlled within 2 mm; deviation (x and y directions) between the center of the foundation bolt and the center of the foundation column is controlled within 20 mm; the anchoring end of the foundation bolt is required to perform corresponding derusting work so as to keep the whole foundation bolt clean;
(3) the heights of all foundation outcrop are strictly controlled according to the size of a construction drawing; the quantity of each foundation bolt is strictly arranged according to the requirements of a drawing; the arrangement direction of the foundation bolts is strictly executed according to the requirements of the drawing;
(4) waterproofing treatment is required to be carried out on pits which are not poured with concrete on site, and subsequent work can be carried out after corresponding repair if the pit walls leak and collapse; the 'foot pit' left in the partial pit must be filled. Before each foundation is cast with concrete, it must be confirmed by the relevant field technician that the concrete cannot be cast if it is not qualified.
The design points of the invention also comprise: because the deformation coordination of the embedded foundation and the rock of the anchor rod foundation is good, the bearing capacity exertion coefficient can be close to 1.0, and the bearing capacity is greatly improved compared with the conventional foundation. When the uplift bearing capacity of the embedded part is calculated, the self weight of the foundation needs to be considered, and because the overall dimension of the embedded-anchor rod composite foundation in mechanized construction is different from that of an embedded foundation in manual excavation, the influence of the overall dimension needs to be considered when the self weight of the foundation and the material quantity are calculated. In order to ensure the safety of personnel, the manual excavation of the embedded foundation needs to be provided with a retaining wall, and the retaining wall does not need to be arranged in the excavation process of the embedded-anchor rod composite foundation in the mechanized construction, so that the concrete volume is saved, and the construction cost is reduced.
The parts of the invention not described are the same as the prior art.
Claims (1)
1. The mechanized construction method of the embedded anchor rod composite foundation of the power transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) the mountain land type rotary drilling rig comprises a rig body, a roller cone drill and a bottom expanding drill bit, wherein the bottom expanding drill bit comprises an upper chassis, a lower chassis, a telescopic shaft center rod, a displacement sensor, a hydraulic limiting device and drill arm connecting rods which are symmetrically distributed, the upper end and the lower end of each drill arm connecting rod are correspondingly hinged with the upper chassis and the lower chassis respectively, the upper chassis is used for connecting a drill rod of the rotary drilling rig, the shaft center rod is an upper sleeved steel pipe and a lower sleeved steel pipe, the upper section of steel pipe is fixed on the lower end face of the upper chassis, the lower section of steel pipe is fixed on the upper end face of the lower chassis, and the upper section of steel pipe is sleeved in a middle; the displacement sensor is arranged on the axle center rod; the hydraulic limiting device comprises an oil pressure pipe arranged on the inner side surface of the lower section of steel pipe, a hydraulic device connected with the oil pressure pipe, two symmetrically distributed arc-shaped movable steel plates arranged on the inner side surface of the oil pressure pipe, limiting bulges respectively distributed on the periphery of the upper section of steel pipe and limiting grooves distributed on the inner sides of the arc-shaped movable steel plates, wherein the limiting bulges are matched with the limiting grooves and can be clamped into the limiting grooves;
2) the foundation pit of the embedded anchor rod composite foundation is of a conical structure, the number of bottom expanding sections is determined to be round (H-1) according to the total buried depth of the composite foundation, wherein H is the total buried depth of the embedded foundation, the embedded foundation construction comprises a foundation section and a plurality of bottom expanding sections, the first section is the foundation section, the second section is a bottom expanding straight-line section, and the bottom expanding straight-line section is an equal-diameter straight-line section; round (H-1) is a rounding function of (H-1),
3) cleaning a base surface, removing 10cm of virtual soil from the original ground surface, providing a stable operating platform for the rotary drilling rig,
4) installing a roller bit, wherein the diameter of the roller bit needs to be equal to the diameter D of the top opening of the foundation pit1The drilling depth is 2000mm from the ground plus the chassis thickness h of the bottom expanding drill bit, the construction of the first section of the foundation section of the composite foundation is completed, and the cone wheel cylinder is extracted to drill to the ground; the diameter of the section of the first section of the base section is D1Namely the size of the top of the embedded foundation;
5) starting from the second section of bottom-expanding straight-line section, the diameter of the second section of bottom-expanding straight-line section is D2The diameter of the straight-line section of the Nth section of the enlarged base is DnObtaining D according to the composite foundation stress requirementnThe following were used:
Dn=
（1）
wherein: d, the size of the bottom of the embedded foundation is shown;
6) and (3) constructing a second section of bottom expanding straight-line section: d obtained according to formula (1)2Calculating the axial offset distance m of the drill rod needing to be pressed2Adjusting parameters of a displacement sensor on the bottom expanding drill bit, replacing the cone barrel drill with the adjusted bottom expanding drill bit, placing the bottom expanding drill bit at the bottom of the first section of the basic section, applying downward axial force according to the index control of the displacement sensor, and additionally rotating until the downward axial distance reaches m2When the upper section of steel pipe of the axle center rod extends between the two arc-shaped movable steel plates, the two drilling arm connecting rods are pressed downwards and opened, a hydraulic device is started, hydraulic annular pressure is applied to the two arc-shaped movable steel plates through an oil hydraulic pipe, the arc-shaped movable steel plates are pressed to the outer peripheral surface of the upper section of steel pipe until the limiting bulges on the outer periphery of the upper section of steel pipe are embedded into the limiting grooves on the inner sides of the arc-shaped movable steel plates, so that the opening widths of the two drilling arm connecting rods are fixed, the bottom expanding diameter of the section is kept, a bottom expanding drill bit is rotationally rotated and pulled upwards to the height of a second bottom expanding straight-line section, and;
7) starting a hydraulic device to release oil pressure, enabling two arc-shaped movable steel plates to be far away from an upper section of steel pipe, enabling the upper section of steel pipe to ascend under the driving of an upper chassis and a rotary drilling rig, stretching, retracting and returning two drill arm connecting rods, extracting a bottom expanding drill bit to the ground, replacing a gear barrel drill, lowering the bottom of a second section of bottom expanding straight-line section, and continuously drilling, wherein the drilling depth is 1000mm below the bottom of a first section of base section plus the chassis thickness h of the bottom expanding drill bit; after drilling, extracting the cone barrel to drill to the ground;
8) obtaining the diameter D of the next bottom expanding straight-line section according to the formula (1)nAnd further calculating the axial offset distance m of the drill rod needing to be pressed downnRepeating the step 6) to the step 7) until the construction of all the bottom expanding straight-line sections is completed, wherein the last bottom expanding depth is the sum of the total buried depth H of the embedded foundation minus the depth of the previous construction; thereby completing the construction of the foundation pit of the embedded anchor rod composite foundation;
9) removing slag soil at the bottom of the foundation pit, positioning anchor holes of the anchor rods, drilling holes by using a power transmission line anchor rod drilling machine, inserting the anchor rods and aligning after completing the construction of all the anchor holes, and then pouring anchor rod concrete to complete the foundation construction of the anchor rods;
10) and installing a reinforcement cage of the embedded foundation, pouring concrete, and pouring the embedded foundation and the anchor rod foundation into an integrally-formed embedded anchor rod composite foundation.
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