CN111776093A

CN111776093A - Crawler belt and tire mutually-detached and replaced dual-purpose excavator

Info

Publication number: CN111776093A
Application number: CN202010725599.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林晓滨
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-07-24
Filing date: 2020-07-24
Publication date: 2020-10-16

Abstract

The invention discloses a crawler-tire mutually-detached-replaced dual-purpose excavator which comprises a lower frame and a travelling mechanism, wherein the lower frame is connected with the lower frame through a connecting rod; the walking mechanism is provided with two crawler-type walking mechanisms, each upper crawler-type walking mechanism is provided with a crawler and a crawler installation driving mechanism for installing and driving the crawler to rotate, and the crawler installation driving mechanism is detached from or fixedly connected with the lower frame. Compared with the prior art, it enables whole excavator can realize that track and tire are torn open and trade the double-purpose, need not to adopt the car alone to transport again during the transportation, and the engineering team need not to purchase the excavator of two different walking modes, greatly reduced use cost.

Description

Crawler belt and tire mutually-detached and replaced dual-purpose excavator

Technical Field

The invention relates to an excavator, in particular to a crawler-belt and tire mutually-detached and replaceable dual-purpose excavator.

Background

An excavator, also known as a digging machine or a shovel, is an earthmoving machine that excavates material above or below a bearing surface with a bucket and loads the material into a transport vehicle or unloads the material to a stockyard. The materials excavated by the excavator mainly comprise soil, coal, silt, soil subjected to pre-loosening and rocks. In view of the development of construction machines in recent years, the development of excavators is relatively fast, and the excavator has become one of the most important construction machines in construction. In order to adapt to more complex site terrains, the existing excavating machine usually adopts a crawler belt as a moving device, the crawler belt leaves traces of the crawler belt when moving and can damage cement or asphalt paved pavements, so that the crawler belt excavator still needs to be transported to other sites by an automobile when in cross-region operation, and inconvenience is brought to transportation. In addition, the operation process of the crawler excavator is easy to damage the road surface when the crawler excavator works on a cement or asphalt road, so that the conventional engineering team can be respectively provided with the wheel excavator and the crawler excavator when the excavator is provided with the crawler excavator, the engineering team can select the excavator according to actual road conditions and operation, and the use cost of the whole engineering team is high.

Accordingly, the present inventors have made extensive studies on the above problems, and as a result, the present invention has been made.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a crawler belt and tire inter-detaching and inter-replacing dual-purpose excavator, so as to solve the problems of inconvenient rotation and high use cost during engineering operation caused by the fact that the excavator in the prior art needs to travel in a manner that no tire is used or no crawler belt is used.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is: a crawler-type and tire-replaceable dual-purpose excavator comprises a lower frame and a traveling mechanism, wherein the lower frame is used for mounting an upper frame, and the traveling mechanism is mounted on the lower frame and used for traveling; the crawler type traveling mechanism is provided with two crawler type traveling mechanisms, each crawler type traveling mechanism is provided with a crawler type traveling mechanism, a front traveling mechanism and a rear steering traveling mechanism, the front traveling mechanism is detachably mounted on the lower frame through the front lower frame, the front traveling mechanism is provided with a front tire wheel and a straight traveling driving device for driving the front tire wheel to go straight, the rear traveling mechanism is detachably mounted on the lower frame through the rear lower frame, the front lower frame and the rear lower frame are positioned outside the front side and the rear side of the lower frame, the rear traveling mechanism is provided with a rear tire wheel and a steering traveling driving device for driving the rear tire wheel to steer and travel, the crawler type traveling mechanism is provided with two crawler type traveling mechanisms, each crawler type traveling mechanism is provided with a crawler and a crawler mounting driving mechanism for mounting and driving the crawler to rotate, and the crawler mounting driving mechanism is detachably or.

The lower frame is a lower frame of a tire excavator, the front lower frame is a square block, the rear end face of the front lower frame is in fit with the front end face of the lower frame and is locked together through bolts, the front end face of the rear lower frame is in fit with the rear end face of the lower frame and is locked together through bolts, a front axle is mounted on the bottom face of the front lower frame, the front tire wheels are mounted on the end portions of the two ends of the front axle, the front axle is the straight driving device, and the crawler mounting driving mechanism is detachably connected with the lower frame through a locking frame.

The rear lower frame is a square block, a rear axle for driving wheels to move straight and rotate is mounted on the bottom surface of the rear end of the rear lower frame, the rear tire wheels are mounted on the end parts of the two ends of the rear axle, and the rear axle is the steering and walking driving device;

or the rear lower frame consists of a front section body and a rear section body, the front end face of the front section body is attached to the rear end face of the lower frame and is locked together through bolts, the rear section of the front section body is of a triangular structure which is gradually reduced from front to rear, the front part of the rear section body is of a triangular structure which is gradually enlarged from front to rear, the rear end part of the front section body and the front end part of the rear section body are vertically overlapped and are movably hinged together through a pin shaft, the rear end of the rear section body is of a square block body, a straight rear axle for driving wheels to run straight is installed on the bottom surface of the rear section body, the rear tire wheels are installed on the two end parts of the straight rear axle, a steering oil cylinder for steering the rear section body is installed on the front section body, and the steering oil cylinder and the straight rear axle form the steering and walking driving device.

The track mounting driving mechanism is fixed on one side face of the lower frame, the mounting plate is fixed on one side face of the lower frame, the first locking plate is in left-right fit with the mounting plate and locked together through bolts, the connecting plate is located between the first locking plate and the second locking plate, the connecting plate is provided with two connecting plates, the two connecting plates are arranged at intervals up and down, one end portion of each connecting plate is fixedly connected with the first locking plate, the other end portion of each connecting plate is fixedly connected with the second locking plate, the second locking plate is in close fit with the side face of the lower frame, a fixing plate which is in left-right fit with the second locking plate is welded at the joint of the lower frame, and the fixing plate and the second locking plate are locked together through bolts.

The lower frame is a crawler-type lower frame, the crawler-type lower frame is provided with a middle frame body used for rotatably installing the upper frame and side frame bodies which are positioned outside the left side and the right side of the middle frame body and extend along the front-back direction, the side frame bodies are fixedly connected with the middle frame body, the front end parts and the rear end parts of the side frame bodies correspondingly protrude out of the front end parts and the rear end parts of the middle frame body, the front end parts of the side frame bodies are provided with installation blocks extending forwards, the installation blocks are provided with installation through holes which are communicated from left to right, and the crawler installation driving mechanism is detachably installed on the side frame bodies; the opposite surfaces of the frame bodies on the two sides are used as mounting surfaces, the left and right ends of the front side of the rear lower frame are correspondingly connected with the mounting surfaces of the rear ends of the frame bodies on the two sides through bolt locking, and the left and right ends of the rear side of the front lower frame are correspondingly connected with the mounting surfaces of the front ends of the frame bodies on the two sides through bolt locking.

The front lower frame is provided with a locking plate, a connecting arm and a middle seat, the middle seat is positioned between two mounting blocks, the left side and the right side of the rear end of the middle seat are respectively provided with the connecting arm, one end of the connecting arm is fixed with the middle seat, the end part of the other end of the connecting arm is fixed with the locking plate, the mounting surface of the side frame body corresponding to the connecting arm is fixedly provided with an attaching plate, and the locking plate is attached and matched with the attaching plate and is locked together through a bolt; the left side and the right side of the mounting block are respectively provided with the front tire wheel, the two front tire wheels positioned at the same mounting block are connected in series through a tire shaft penetrating through a mounting through hole of the mounting block, a mounting bearing sleeved outside the tire shaft is mounted in the mounting block, a reinforcing bearing seat sleeved outside the tire shaft is fixedly locked on the opposite surfaces of the two mounting blocks, a mounting bearing sleeved outside the tire shaft is mounted in the reinforcing bearing seat, and the reinforcing bearing seat is positioned between the mounting block and the front tire wheel.

A first flange plate is arranged at one end of the tire shaft facing the middle seat, a driven gear shaft which is opposite to the left and right and is horizontally arranged along the left and right direction is arranged in the middle seat, the driven gear shaft is rotatably arranged in the middle seat through a mounting bearing, the opposite end of the two driven gear shafts extends out of the middle seat, a second flange plate which is clung to the first flange plate and is fixedly locked together is sleeved outside the end part of the opposite end of the two driven gear shafts, a driven bevel gear is sleeved outside the end part of the opposite end of the two driven gear shafts, a driving bevel gear which is meshed with the two driven bevel gears is arranged between the two driven bevel gears, a driving wheel shaft which extends backwards is fixedly arranged on the wheel center of the driving bevel gear, the driving wheel shaft is rotatably arranged on the middle seat, a motor gearbox which drives the driving wheel shaft to rotate is arranged on the middle seat, and the output shaft, the motor gearbox, the driving bevel gear, the driving gear shaft, the driven bevel gear and the driven gear shaft form the straight driving device.

The rear lower frame is provided with a front transverse plate, a longitudinal transverse plate and a rear transverse plate which are integrally formed, the front transverse plate extends along the left and right directions, the end surfaces of the left and right ends of the front transverse plate are respectively corresponding to installation surfaces facing the frame bodies on the two sides, the installation surfaces of the frame bodies on the two sides are fixedly provided with locking plates which are matched with the end surfaces of the front transverse plate in an attached mode, the end surfaces of the front transverse plate and the locking plates are locked together through bolts, the two longitudinal and transverse plates are arranged and arranged at intervals from left to right and extend along the front and rear directions, the rear transverse plate is positioned between the two longitudinal and transverse plates, the left and right sides of the rear lower frame are respectively provided with two rear tire wheels which are tightly attached together, and the rear tire wheels are connected in series through an axle.

Each rear tire wheel is positioned behind the rear lower frame, the axle is arranged on the rear transverse plate and is used for mounting the tire and driving the tire to steer and move straight, and the rear axle is used as the steering and moving driving device;

or each rear tire wheel is positioned between the rear ends of the frame bodies on the two sides, the axle is rotatably arranged on the rear transverse plate through the rotating shaft, the axle is provided with a motor driving device for driving each rear tire wheel to move straight, the rear transverse plate is provided with an axle steering oil cylinder for driving the axle to rotate, and the motor driving device and the axle steering oil cylinder form the steering and walking driving device.

The rear lower frame consists of a front section body and a rear section body, the front end surface of the front section body is attached to the rear end surface of a middle frame body and is locked together through bolts, a rear attaching block which is attached to the front end surface of the front section body and is locked together is welded at the position of the middle frame body corresponding to the front section body, the rear section of the front section body is of a triangular structure which is gradually reduced from front to rear, the front part of the rear section body is of a triangular structure which is gradually expanded from front to rear, the rear end part of the front section body and the front end part of the rear section body are vertically overlapped and are movably hinged together through a pin shaft, the rear end of the rear section body is of a square block body, a straight rear axle driving wheels to run straight is installed on the bottom surface of the rear section body, the rear tire wheels are installed on the end parts of the two straight rear axle, each rear tire wheel is positioned between the rear ends of the frame bodies at two sides, and a steering oil cylinder for steering the rear section body is installed on the front section, the steering oil cylinder and the straight rear axle form the steering and walking driving device.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the crawler-type and tire-interchangeable dual-purpose excavator provided by the invention is applied, because the crawler mounting driving mechanism is fixedly or detachably connected with the lower frame, the front lower frame provided with the front wheels is detachably connected with the lower frame, and the rear lower frame provided with the rear wheels is detachably connected with the lower frame, so that the front lower frame and the rear lower frame can be detached when the lower frame is the tire lower frame, the crawler-type traveling mechanism is mounted, the tire traveling mode can be switched into crawler traveling, when the lower frame is the existing crawler lower frame, only the crawler traveling mechanism is dismounted, the front lower frame and the rear lower frame are mounted, the crawler traveling can be switched into tire traveling, the whole excavator can realize dual-purpose of crawler and tire interchange, and the excavator can switch the use traveling mode according to the complex road condition operation and the cement traveling road surface, need not to adopt the car alone to transport again during the transportation to can not lead to the fact the damage to cement walking road surface, like this, the engineering team need not to purchase the excavator of two different walking modes, greatly reduced use cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a lower frame, a front lower frame and a rear lower frame of a tire type excavator;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the combination of a lower frame and a crawler type traveling mechanism of a tire type excavator;

FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a hinge structure of a lower frame and a rear lower frame of a tire excavator;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a locking structure of a lower frame and a rear lower frame of a tire excavator;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a wheeled excavator;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a tire wheel application to a tracked lower frame;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a tire wheel application to a tracked lower frame;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of a tire wheel application to a tracked lower frame;

FIG. 10 is a side schematic view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a crawler excavator.

Detailed Description

The invention discloses a crawler-tire mutually-detached and replaced dual-purpose excavator, which comprises a lower frame 1 for mounting an upper frame and a travelling mechanism mounted on the lower frame and used for travelling, wherein the lower frame is shown in figures 1-11; the crawler type traveling mechanism is provided with two crawler type traveling mechanisms, each crawler type traveling mechanism is provided with a crawler type traveling mechanism, a front traveling mechanism and a rear steering traveling mechanism, the front traveling mechanism is detachably mounted on the lower frame 1 through the front lower frame 2, the front traveling mechanism is provided with front tire wheels 100 and a straight traveling driving device for driving the front tire wheels to move straight, the rear traveling mechanism is detachably mounted on the lower frame 1 through the rear lower frame 3, the front lower frame 2 and the rear lower frame 3 are positioned outside the front side and the rear side of the lower frame 1, the rear traveling mechanism is provided with rear tire wheels 200 and a steering traveling driving device for driving the rear tire wheels to steer and travel, the crawler type traveling mechanisms are provided with two crawler type traveling mechanisms, each crawler type traveling mechanism is provided with a crawler 300 and a crawler mounting driving mechanism for mounting and driving the crawler to rotate, and each crawler mounting driving mechanism is. The crawler type traveling mechanism of the present invention is a known technology, and the crawler type traveling mechanism of the existing crawler type excavator is used, which is not the improvement of the present applicant. The power of the straight driving device adopts a straight driving device with a motor matched with a gearbox, the working principle and the specific structure of the straight driving device are the same as those of the front axle for driving front wheels, the power of the steering and walking driving device adopts a steering oil cylinder, a steering driving system with a motor matched with a gearbox, and the specific structure and the working principle of the steering driving system are the same as those of the rear axle for driving rear wheels.

The crawler-type dual-purpose excavator with the mutually detachable and replaceable crawler tires comprises a lower frame 1 of a tire type excavator, the lower frame 1 is a square block, a disc mounting seat for rotatably mounting an upper frame 300 is convexly arranged on the front side of the lower frame 1, the disc mounting seat is of a known structure, the front lower frame 2 is a square block, the rear end face of the front lower frame 2 is attached to and matched with the front end face of the lower frame 1 and is locked together through a bolt, preferably, an upper closed-loop convex ring higher than the top face of the lower frame is convexly arranged on the periphery of the top face of the lower frame 1 upwards, a lower closed-loop convex ring lower than the bottom face of the lower frame is convexly arranged on the periphery of the bottom face of the lower frame 1 downwards, a plurality of front bolt holes 11 which are arranged at intervals in the left-right direction are formed in the front side faces of the upper closed-loop convex ring and the lower closed-loop convex ring, and an upper closed-loop convex ring and a lower closed-loop convex ring are correspondingly extended on the periphery of the rear end face of the front lower frame 2 corresponding to the upper closed- The convex rings correspond to the fit joint extending parts, the joint extending parts are provided with bolt mounting holes 21 corresponding to the front bolt holes 11 one by one, and therefore the lower frame can be detached, installed and matched with the front lower frame by penetrating bolts through the front bolt holes and the bolt mounting holes.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the front axle 22 is mounted on the bottom surface of the front lower frame 2, the structure of the front axle 22 is the structure of the front axle of the existing excavator, the front axle can be mounted with wheels and can drive the wheels to move straightly, the front tire wheels 100 are mounted on the two end parts of the front axle 22, the front axle is the straight driving device, and the combination and the driving mode of the front axle and the front tire wheels 100 are known and are not the improvement of the present application.

As shown in fig. 5, the rear lower frame 3 is a square block, the front end surface of the rear lower frame 3 is attached to and matched with the rear end surface of the lower frame 1 and is locked together by bolts, the locking mode of the rear lower frame 3 and the lower frame 1 is the same as the locking mode of the front lower frame and the lower frame, that is, the front end surface of the rear lower frame 1 is provided with bolt mounting holes 31, the rear end surface of the lower frame 1 is correspondingly provided with rear bolt holes 12 corresponding to the bolt mounting holes 31, the rear lower frame and the lower frame are locked together by bolts passing through the bolt mounting holes and the rear bolt holes, the bottom surface of the rear end of the rear lower frame 3 is provided with a rear axle 31 for driving wheels to go straight and rotate, the end parts of the two ends of the rear axle 31 are provided with rear tires 200, and the rear axle 31 is the steering and walking driving device; the structure of the rear axle is the structure of the rear axle of the existing excavator, the rear axle can be mounted on wheels and can drive the wheels to do straight and rotary motion, the structure is a known structure, and the improvement of the application is not realized, namely, the driving of the rear tires on the rear lower frame is the conventional and known tire integrated steering driving.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the crawler type traveling mechanism is the structure of the existing crawler type excavator, and is not the improvement of the applicant, but the applicant only improves the installation of the crawler type traveling mechanism on the lower frame, specifically, the crawler type traveling mechanism is detachably connected with the lower frame 1 through the locking frame 4, that is, the locking frame 4 has a first locking plate 41, a second locking plate 42 and a connecting plate 43, the first locking plate 41 and the second locking plate 42 are both vertical strip-shaped plates extending along the front-back direction of the lower frame 1, the connecting plate 43 is located between the first locking plate and the second locking plate, the crawler type traveling mechanism is fixed with a mounting plate on one side surface facing the lower frame, that is, a mounting plate is welded on the opposite surfaces of the two crawler type traveling mechanisms, and the mounting plate is correspondingly a strip-shaped plate extending along the length direction of the first locking plate, and falls into the annular ring of the crawler belt 300, the first locking plate 41 is attached and matched with the mounting plate left and right and locked together through the bolts 403, in order to enhance the connection strength, the connecting plate 43 is provided with two pieces, the two connecting plates 43 are arranged at intervals up and down, one end part of each of the two connecting plates 43 is fixedly connected with the first locking plate, the other end part of each of the two connecting plates is fixedly connected with the second locking plate, the second locking plate 42 is matched with the side surface of the lower frame 1 (namely the left side surface or the right side surface of the lower frame 1) in a sticking way, and the lower frame 1 is welded with a fixed plate 13 which is positioned at the joint and is right and left jointed and matched with the second locking plate 42 and is along the back direction of the front and the back, namely, the upper and lower ends of the left side surface and the right side surface of the lower frame 1 are fixed with strip-shaped plates extending along the front-rear direction of the lower frame 1, the fixed plate 13 is locked with the second locking plate 42 through the bolt 404, that is, bolt holes (not shown) for installing bolts are formed on the fixing plate 13 and the second locking plate 42. In the invention, the connecting plate is preferably composed of two transverse plates and an inclined plate, the two transverse plates are arranged in an up-down position, the transverse plate at the lower part is matched with the first locking plate, and the transverse plate at the upper part is matched with the second locking plate, so that the bottom surface of the crawler is far lower than the bottom surface of the lower frame after the crawler is installed, and the installation and the movement of the crawler cannot be influenced by the lower frame.

By adopting the scheme, the crawler-tire inter-dismantling and exchanging dual-purpose excavator is a complete tire type excavator when purchased, as shown in fig. 6, all functions and driving principles of the tire type excavator are known, and the improvement of the invention is that the lower frame of the tire type excavator independently researched and developed by the inventor is that the whole lower frame consists of the lower frame 1, the front lower frame 2 and the rear lower frame 3 of the inventor, and the lower frame of the invention is just adopted, so that after the tire type excavator is purchased, only two crawler type traveling mechanisms and a locking frame 4 assembled by the inventor are purchased, the crawler and the tires can be mutually dismantled and exchanged for use, specifically, the front lower frame 2 and the rear lower frame 3 of the purchased tire type excavator are dismantled, then the two crawler type traveling mechanisms are placed outside the left side and the right side of the lower frame 1, and then the locking frame 4 is arranged between the crawler type travelling mechanism and the lower frame 1, then the first locking plate is locked with the specific mounting plate on the crawler type travelling mechanism, and the second locking plate is locked with the specific fixing plate 13 on the lower frame 1, so that the mounting of the crawler type travelling mechanism and the dismounting of the tire can be realized. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: the crawler type excavator can be disassembled by only purchasing a tire type excavator with a frame specially lower by the inventor and then purchasing a crawler type travelling mechanism and a locking frame of the inventor, the crawler is installed to form the crawler type excavator, the exchange between the tire type excavator and the crawler type excavator is realized, and the dual-purpose function is realized, so that a front frame and a rear frame can be disassembled when an engineering team works on a complex road surface only by adopting a crawler type travelling mode, the crawler type travelling mechanism and the locking frame are installed, if the crawler type travelling mechanism and the locking frame are needed to be disassembled firstly when the cement travelling road surface and the operation are carried out, the front frame and the rear frame are installed again, the whole excavator can realize the dual-purpose of the mutual disassembly and the exchange of the crawler type and the tire, the excavator does not need to be transported by a vehicle independently when the excavator is transported on different road conditions, and the cement travelling road surface is not damaged, therefore, an engineering team does not need to purchase two excavators with different walking modes, and the use cost is greatly reduced; in addition, the whole structure all adopts the bolt to tear open and trade, and like this, the workman can directly freely independently dismouting, also can carry out the dismouting change in the shop of repairing the car freely, and the dismouting operation is simple and easy, accords with the workman's requirement, and also the dismouting ageing is short, can not take the time limit for a project.

In the invention, the rear lower frame can also be composed of a front section body 3a and a rear section body 3b, as shown in fig. 4, the front end face of the front segment 3a is attached to the rear end face of the lower frame 1 and is locked together by a bolt 405, the rear segment of the front segment 3a is in a triangular structure which is tapered from front to back, the front portion of the rear segment 3b is in a triangular structure which is gradually enlarged from front to back, the rear end portion of the front segment 3a and the front end portion of the rear segment 3b are vertically overlapped and are movably hinged together by a pin shaft 32, the rear end of the rear segment 3b is in a square block shape, a straight rear axle for driving wheels to go straight is installed on the bottom surface of the rear segment 3b, rear tire wheels 200 are installed on the end portions of the two ends of the straight rear axle, a steering cylinder (not shown in the figure) for steering the rear segment is installed on the front segment 3a, and the steering cylinder and the straight rear axle form the steering and traveling driving device; the effect of the rear lower frame with the structure is the same as that of the rear lower frame 3, and the difference is that the steering of the rear tire wheel is realized by adopting the articulated steering, while the steering of the rear tire wheel in the figure 5 is the tire steering, and the rear lower frame can be transported and carried in a sectional mode by adopting the articulated steering mode.

The invention discloses a crawler-type tire inter-dismounting and exchanging dual-purpose excavator, as shown in fig. 7, a lower frame is an existing crawler-type lower frame, namely the existing crawler-type lower frame is provided with a middle frame body 1a for rotatably installing an upper frame and side frame bodies 1b which are positioned outside the left side and the right side of the middle frame body 1a and extend along the front-back direction, the side frame bodies 1b are fixedly connected with the middle frame body 1a, the front end parts and the rear end parts of the side frame bodies 1b correspondingly protrude out of the front end part and the rear end part of the middle frame body, the front end parts of the side frame bodies are provided with installation blocks 1c extending forwards, the installation blocks 1c are provided with installation through holes (not shown in the drawing) which are through from left to right, the installation blocks 1c are positioned on the periphery of the installation through holes and provided with bolt holes; the middle frame body, the side frame bodies and the mounting blocks are all of known structures and are lower frames of the existing crawler excavator.

As shown in fig. 7-9, the opposite surfaces of the frame bodies on the two sides are taken as mounting surfaces, the left and right ends of the front side of the rear lower frame are correspondingly connected with the mounting surfaces at the rear ends of the frame bodies on the two sides through bolt locking, and the left and right ends of the rear side of the front lower frame are correspondingly connected with the mounting surfaces at the front ends of the frame bodies on the two sides through bolt locking.

Specifically, the front lower frame is provided with a locking plate 51, a connecting arm 52 and a middle seat 53, the middle seat 53 is positioned between the two mounting blocks 1c, the connecting arm 52 is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the rear end of the middle seat 53, one end of the connecting arm 52 is fixed with the middle seat 53, the locking plate 51 is fixed at the end part of the other end of the connecting arm 52, the locking plate 51 faces the mounting surface of the side frame body 1b, an attaching plate 1d is fixedly arranged on the mounting surface of the side frame body corresponding to the connecting arm, and the locking plate 51 is attached and matched with the attaching plate 1d and is locked together through a bolt 406; the front tire wheel 100 is arranged outside the left side and the right side of the mounting block 1c, the two front tire wheels positioned at the same mounting block 1c are connected in series through a tire shaft 61 penetrating through the mounting through hole of the mounting block 1c, a mounting bearing 62 sleeved outside the tire shaft is arranged in the mounting block, a reinforcing bearing seat 63 fixedly sleeved outside the tire shaft is arranged on the opposite side of the two mounting blocks, the reinforcing bearing seat 63 is a hollow sleeve body lying along the left-right direction, the hollow cavity of the reinforcing bearing seat 63 is communicated with the mounting through hole of the mounting block, a closed-loop convex ring is convexly arranged on the outer side wall of one end of the reinforcing bearing seat 63 facing the mounting block, the closed-loop convex ring is aligned with the bolt holes of the mounting block, the closed-loop convex ring bodies are positioned at the bolt holes and are aligned with the bolt mounting holes one by one, so that the closed-loop convex ring is locked with the mounting block through bolts 407, the reinforced bearing seat 63 is internally provided with a mounting bearing 64 sleeved outside the tire shaft, and the reinforced bearing seat 63 is positioned between the mounting block and the front tire wheel.

A first flange plate 611 is arranged at one end of the tire shaft 61 facing the middle seat 53, a driven gear shaft 65 which is opposite to the left and right and is horizontally arranged along the left and right direction is arranged in the middle seat 53, the driven gear shaft 65 is rotatably arranged in the middle seat 53 through a mounting bearing, one end of each of the two driven gear shafts 65, which is opposite to each other, extends out of the middle seat 53, a second flange plate 651 which is fixedly attached to the first flange plate is sleeved outside the end part of each of the two driven gear shafts 65, which is opposite to each other, a driven bevel gear is fixedly sleeved outside the end part of each of the two driven gear shafts 65, which is fixedly attached to the first flange plate, the first flange plate and the second flange plate are fixedly locked together through bolts, a driven bevel gear is fixedly sleeved outside the end part of each of the two driven gear shafts 65, a driving bevel gear which is respectively engaged with the two driven bevel gears is arranged between the two driven bevel gears, a driving gear shaft 66, the output shaft of the motor gearbox is locked with the driving wheel shaft 66 in a flange plate mode, the motor gearbox adopts the combination of the existing motor and gearbox, the motor gearbox is a known technology, and the motor gearbox, the driving bevel gear, the driving gear shaft, the driven bevel gear and the driven gear shaft form the straight driving device. When the tire wheel mounting device works, the motor drives the input shaft of the gearbox to rotate, the output shaft of the gearbox drives the driving wheel shaft to rotate, the driving bevel gear drives the two driven bevel gear shafts to rotate, the driven bevel gear drives the driven gear shafts to rotate, the tire shafts 61 rotate around the mounting blocks due to the rotation of the driven gear shafts, and therefore the front tire wheels rotate to achieve a straight-going function. In the present invention, the motor transmission and the gear are matched with each other in a known technology.

The rear lower frame is provided with a front transverse plate 301, a longitudinal and transverse plate 302 and a rear transverse plate 303 which are integrally formed, the front transverse plate 301 extends along the left and right directions, the end surfaces of the left and right ends of the front transverse plate 301 correspond to the installation surfaces of the frame bodies 1b on the two sides respectively, the installation surfaces of the frame bodies 1b on the two sides correspond to the end parts of the left and right ends of the front transverse plate 301 and are fixedly provided with locking plates which are matched with the end surface of the front transverse plate in an attached mode, the end surface of the front transverse plate 301 and the locking plates are locked together through bolts, the longitudinal and transverse plates 302 are provided with two longitudinal and transverse plates 302, the two longitudinal and transverse plates 302 are arranged at intervals left and right and extend along the front and rear directions, the rear transverse plate 303 is positioned between the rear ends of the two longitudinal and transverse plates 302, two rear tire wheels which are tightly attached together are respectively.

As shown in fig. 7 and 10, each rear tire wheel 200 is located behind the rear lower frame 3, the axle is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the rear cross plate 303, specifically, a bottom plate 304 attached to the top surface of the axle is disposed on the bottom surface of the rear cross plate 303, the bottom plate is fixedly mounted on the axle through bolts, a vertical shaft 305 extends upward from the center of the bottom plate, a reducing rod extending into the bottom plate 304 extends from the upper end of the vertical shaft 305, and the axle is a rear axle which can be mounted by the rear tire wheel and drive the rear tire wheel to turn and move straight, and the rear axle is the steering and traveling driving device; the rear axle is a rear axle known in prior art wheeled excavators and is not modified by the applicant.

The crawler-type dual-purpose excavator with the mutually detachable and replaceable crawler tires is characterized in that a lower frame of the existing crawler-type excavator is adopted as a lower frame of the existing crawler-type excavator, the front lower frame and the rear lower frame designed by the applicant are utilized to enable the existing crawler-type lower frame to be used as the lower frame of the wheeled excavator on the premise of changing the existing crawler-type lower frame, in addition, when the crawler-type lower frame is used for installing tires, motors of the front lower frame and the rear lower frame also adopt two motors on the existing crawler-type travelling mechanism, the motors do not need to be additionally arranged, resources are greatly utilized, and the whole front lower frame and the rear lower frame are very convenient to install.

In the present invention, when the crawler-type lower frame is used, as shown in fig. 8 and 10, each rear tire wheel 200 is located between the rear ends of the two side frame bodies, the axle is rotatably mounted on the rear cross plate through the rotating shaft, that is, the reducing rod of the vertical shaft 305 is rotatably mounted in the rear cross plate through the bearing, the upper end of the reducing rod extends out of the top surface of the rear cross plate, the upper end of the reducing rod is externally screwed with a limit screw head, the axle is mounted with a motor driving device for driving each rear tire wheel to go straight, the rear cross plate 303 is mounted with an axle steering cylinder for driving the axle to rotate, the motor driving device and the axle steering cylinder form the steering driving device, the axle steering cylinder and the motor driving device have the same structure as the rear axle, the difference is that the axle steering cylinder for driving the rear tire wheel to turn is mounted on the rear lower frame, and the crawler-type lower frame can be changed into the tire-type running mode by adopting the axle integral steering The whole volume can not be increased in the space of the lower frame.

In the invention, as shown in fig. 9, the rear lower frame is composed of a front section body and a rear section body, the front end surface of the front section body is attached to the rear end surface of the middle frame body and is locked together through bolts, the middle frame body is welded with a rear attachment block which is attached to the front end surface of the front section body and is locked together corresponding to the front section body, the rear section of the front section body is in a triangular structure which is gradually reduced from front to rear, the front part of the rear section body is in a triangular structure which is gradually expanded from front to rear, the rear end part of the front section body and the front end part of the rear section body are vertically overlapped and are movably hinged together through a pin shaft, the rear end of the rear section body is in a square block shape, a straight rear axle driving the wheels to run straight is installed on the bottom surface of the rear section body, rear tire wheels are installed on the end parts of the two ends of the straight rear axle, each rear tire wheel is positioned between the rear ends of the frame bodies on two sides, a, the steering oil cylinder and the straight rear axle form the steering and walking driving device; this configuration also uses integral steering of the axle, which produces the same technical effect as the configuration of fig. 8. The rear lower frame of this structure is substantially the same as the rear lower frame of fig. 4, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

The above embodiments and drawings are not intended to limit the form and style of the present invention, and any suitable changes or modifications thereof by those skilled in the art should be considered as not departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crawler-type and tire-replaceable dual-purpose excavator comprises a lower frame and a traveling mechanism, wherein the lower frame is used for mounting an upper frame, and the traveling mechanism is mounted on the lower frame and used for traveling; the method is characterized in that: the crawler type traveling mechanism is provided with two crawler type traveling mechanisms, each crawler type traveling mechanism is provided with a crawler type traveling mechanism, a front traveling mechanism and a rear steering traveling mechanism, the front traveling mechanism is detachably mounted on the lower frame through the front lower frame, the front traveling mechanism is provided with a front tire wheel and a straight traveling driving device for driving the front tire wheel to go straight, the rear traveling mechanism is detachably mounted on the lower frame through the rear lower frame, the front lower frame and the rear lower frame are positioned outside the front side and the rear side of the lower frame, the rear traveling mechanism is provided with a rear tire wheel and a steering traveling driving device for driving the rear tire wheel to steer and travel, the crawler type traveling mechanism is provided with two crawler type traveling mechanisms, each crawler type traveling mechanism is provided with a crawler and a crawler mounting driving mechanism for mounting and driving the crawler to rotate, and the crawler mounting driving mechanism is detachably or.

2. The crawler-type and tire-replaceable dual-purpose excavator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower frame is a lower frame of a tire excavator, the front lower frame is a square block, the rear end face of the front lower frame is in fit with the front end face of the lower frame and is locked together through bolts, the front end face of the rear lower frame is in fit with the rear end face of the lower frame and is locked together through bolts, a front axle is mounted on the bottom face of the front lower frame, the front tire wheels are mounted on the end portions of the two ends of the front axle, the front axle is the straight driving device, and the crawler mounting driving mechanism is detachably connected with the lower frame through a locking frame.

3. The crawler-type and tire-replaceable dual-purpose excavator as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the rear lower frame is a square block, a rear axle for driving wheels to move straight and rotate is mounted on the bottom surface of the rear end of the rear lower frame, the rear tire wheels are mounted on the end parts of the two ends of the rear axle, and the rear axle is the steering and walking driving device;

4. The crawler-type and tire-replaceable dual-purpose excavator as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the track mounting driving mechanism is fixed on one side face of the lower frame, the mounting plate is fixed on one side face of the lower frame, the first locking plate is in left-right fit with the mounting plate and locked together through bolts, the connecting plate is located between the first locking plate and the second locking plate, the connecting plate is provided with two connecting plates, the two connecting plates are arranged at intervals up and down, one end portion of each connecting plate is fixedly connected with the first locking plate, the other end portion of each connecting plate is fixedly connected with the second locking plate, the second locking plate is in close fit with the side face of the lower frame, a fixing plate which is in left-right fit with the second locking plate is welded at the joint of the lower frame, and the fixing plate and the second locking plate are locked together through bolts.

5. The crawler-type and tire-replaceable dual-purpose excavator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower frame is a crawler-type lower frame, the crawler-type lower frame is provided with a middle frame body used for rotatably installing the upper frame and side frame bodies which are positioned outside the left side and the right side of the middle frame body and extend along the front-back direction, the side frame bodies are fixedly connected with the middle frame body, the front end parts and the rear end parts of the side frame bodies correspondingly protrude out of the front end parts and the rear end parts of the middle frame body, the front end parts of the side frame bodies are provided with installation blocks extending forwards, the installation blocks are provided with installation through holes which are communicated from left to right, and the crawler installation driving mechanism is detachably installed on the side frame bodies; the opposite surfaces of the frame bodies on the two sides are used as mounting surfaces, the left and right ends of the front side of the rear lower frame are correspondingly connected with the mounting surfaces of the rear ends of the frame bodies on the two sides through bolt locking, and the left and right ends of the rear side of the front lower frame are correspondingly connected with the mounting surfaces of the front ends of the frame bodies on the two sides through bolt locking.

6. The crawler-type and tire-replaceable dual-purpose excavator as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the front lower frame is provided with a locking plate, a connecting arm and a middle seat, the middle seat is positioned between two mounting blocks, the left side and the right side of the rear end of the middle seat are respectively provided with the connecting arm, one end of the connecting arm is fixed with the middle seat, the end part of the other end of the connecting arm is fixed with the locking plate, the mounting surface of the side frame body corresponding to the connecting arm is fixedly provided with an attaching plate, and the locking plate is attached and matched with the attaching plate and is locked together through a bolt; the left side and the right side of the mounting block are respectively provided with the front tire wheel, the two front tire wheels positioned at the same mounting block are connected in series through a tire shaft penetrating through a mounting through hole of the mounting block, a mounting bearing sleeved outside the tire shaft is mounted in the mounting block, a reinforcing bearing seat sleeved outside the tire shaft is fixedly locked on the opposite surfaces of the two mounting blocks, a mounting bearing sleeved outside the tire shaft is mounted in the reinforcing bearing seat, and the reinforcing bearing seat is positioned between the mounting block and the front tire wheel.

7. The crawler-tire interchangeable dual-purpose excavator according to claim 6, wherein: a first flange plate is arranged at one end of the tire shaft facing the middle seat, a driven gear shaft which is opposite to the left and right and is horizontally arranged along the left and right direction is arranged in the middle seat, the driven gear shaft is rotatably arranged in the middle seat through a mounting bearing, the opposite end of the two driven gear shafts extends out of the middle seat, a second flange plate which is clung to the first flange plate and is fixedly locked together is sleeved outside the end part of the opposite end of the two driven gear shafts, a driven bevel gear is sleeved outside the end part of the opposite end of the two driven gear shafts, a driving bevel gear which is meshed with the two driven bevel gears is arranged between the two driven bevel gears, a driving wheel shaft which extends backwards is fixedly arranged on the wheel center of the driving bevel gear, the driving wheel shaft is rotatably arranged on the middle seat, a motor gearbox which drives the driving wheel shaft to rotate is arranged on the middle seat, and the output shaft, the motor gearbox, the driving bevel gear, the driving gear shaft, the driven bevel gear and the driven gear shaft form the straight driving device.

8. The crawler-type and tire-replaceable dual-purpose excavator as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the rear lower frame is provided with a front transverse plate, a longitudinal transverse plate and a rear transverse plate which are integrally formed, the front transverse plate extends along the left and right directions, the end surfaces of the left and right ends of the front transverse plate are respectively corresponding to installation surfaces facing the frame bodies on the two sides, the installation surfaces of the frame bodies on the two sides are fixedly provided with locking plates which are matched with the end surfaces of the front transverse plate in an attached mode, the end surfaces of the front transverse plate and the locking plates are locked together through bolts, the two longitudinal and transverse plates are arranged and arranged at intervals from left to right and extend along the front and rear directions, the rear transverse plate is positioned between the two longitudinal and transverse plates, the left and right sides of the rear lower frame are respectively provided with two rear tire wheels which are tightly attached together, and the rear tire wheels are connected in series through an axle.

9. The crawler-type and tire-replaceable dual-purpose excavator as claimed in claim 8, wherein: each rear tire wheel is positioned behind the rear lower frame, the axle is arranged on the rear transverse plate and is used for mounting the tire and driving the tire to steer and move straight, and the rear axle is used as the steering and moving driving device;

10. The crawler-type and tire-replaceable dual-purpose excavator as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the rear lower frame consists of a front section body and a rear section body, the front end surface of the front section body is attached to the rear end surface of a middle frame body and is locked together through bolts, a rear attaching block which is attached to the front end surface of the front section body and is locked together is welded at the position of the middle frame body corresponding to the front section body, the rear section of the front section body is of a triangular structure which is gradually reduced from front to rear, the front part of the rear section body is of a triangular structure which is gradually expanded from front to rear, the rear end part of the front section body and the front end part of the rear section body are vertically overlapped and are movably hinged together through a pin shaft, the rear end of the rear section body is of a square block body, a straight rear axle driving wheels to run straight is installed on the bottom surface of the rear section body, the rear tire wheels are installed on the end parts of the two straight rear axle, each rear tire wheel is positioned between the rear ends of the frame bodies at two sides, and a steering oil cylinder for steering the rear section body is installed on the front section, the steering oil cylinder and the straight rear axle form the steering and walking driving device.