CN111775927A - Hybrid driving system of mining dump truck - Google Patents
Hybrid driving system of mining dump truck Download PDFInfo
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- CN111775927A CN111775927A CN202010713381.3A CN202010713381A CN111775927A CN 111775927 A CN111775927 A CN 111775927A CN 202010713381 A CN202010713381 A CN 202010713381A CN 111775927 A CN111775927 A CN 111775927A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/04—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
- B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60W2300/12—Trucks; Load vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hybrid driving system of a mining dump truck, which comprises: the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the accelerator and the gradient sensor; the power battery is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller through the battery controller; the engine is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit through the engine controller, and a starting motor connected with the vehicle control unit is arranged on the engine; the AMT gearbox is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller through a gearbox controller; an automatic clutch is arranged at the output end of the engine and is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller; the output end of the engine is provided with a clutch, a main drive motor is arranged between the automatic clutch and the input end of the AMT gearbox and is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller through a main drive motor controller, and an auxiliary drive motor is arranged at the output end of the AMT gearbox and is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller through an auxiliary drive motor controller; and the wheel driving assembly is arranged at the output end of the auxiliary driving motor. The engine, the main drive motor and the auxiliary drive motor can be adjusted to run stably according to road conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining vehicles, and particularly relates to a hybrid drive system of a mining dump truck.
Background
In open-air strip mines, the road conditions are complex, the road conditions are poor, and the gradient is large. The short-distance back and forth transportation device is used for transporting materials from a loading point to a discharging point, and the transportation line is fixed. The working conditions of all mines are different, some are heavy-load uphill and no-load downhill, some are heavy-load downhill and no-load uphill, and the gradients are different; the elevation of each mining area is different.
With the large-scale development of mine transportation equipment, the slope of a mine transportation road is large, the power requirement on power equipment is large, the purchase cost of domestic and foreign high-power engines is high, the manufacturing cost of the whole vehicle is high, and the purchase cost and the operation cost of terminal customers are high. Meanwhile, the slope of the mine is large, so that a large power is needed when the vehicle ascends the slope in the running process, and when the vehicle descends the slope, a brake is needed to limit the speed of the vehicle in order to avoid overspeed, so that the acceleration loss of the friction plate is caused, and the power is lost when the vehicle descends the slope.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention proposes a hybrid drive system for a mining dump truck that overcomes or at least partially solves the above mentioned problems.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the invention, a hybrid drive system of a mining dump truck is provided, which includes:
the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the accelerator and the gradient sensor, and is used for receiving an accelerator signal sent by the accelerator and/or receiving a gradient signal sent by the gradient sensor;
the power battery is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit through a battery controller, and the vehicle control unit controls the operation of the power battery through the battery controller;
the engine is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit through an engine controller, a starting motor is arranged on the engine and connected with the vehicle control unit, and the vehicle control unit controls the on-off of the engine through the starting motor and controls the running speed of the engine through the engine controller;
the AMT gearbox is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit through a gearbox controller, and the vehicle control unit controls the operation of the AMT gearbox through the gearbox controller;
an automatic clutch is arranged at the output end of the engine and is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit;
the system comprises a main drive motor and an auxiliary drive motor, wherein a clutch is arranged at the output end of the engine, the main drive motor is arranged between the automatic clutch and the input end of the AMT gearbox, the main drive motor is electrically connected with a whole vehicle controller through a main drive motor controller, the auxiliary drive motor is arranged at the output end of the AMT gearbox, the auxiliary drive motor is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller through an auxiliary drive motor controller, and the whole vehicle controller adjusts the running states of the main drive motor and the auxiliary drive motor according to a received throttle signal sent by a throttle, a gradient signal sent by a gradient sensor and/or a gear signal sent by the gearbox controller;
and the wheel driving assembly is arranged at the output end of the auxiliary driving motor.
Further, the wheel drive assembly includes: the transmission shaft is connected with the auxiliary driving motor, and the two driving wheels are connected with the transmission shaft through the drive axle.
Further, the wheel drive assembly further comprises: the wet brake is arranged on the inner side of at least one driving wheel and is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit through a brake controller.
Further, still include: and the two driving wheels are provided with rotating speed sensors which are electrically connected with the brake controller.
The load sensor is arranged at the bottom of a carriage of the mining dump truck and electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller.
The wind speed sensor is arranged at the head of the mining dump truck and electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller.
Further, the gradient sensor comprises a plurality of gyroscopes, and the gyroscopes are arranged on the carriage of the mining dump truck.
Further, the vehicle control system further comprises a display instrument, and the display instrument is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit.
Further, a gear shifting motor is arranged on the AMT gearbox and electrically connected with the gearbox controller.
The hybrid driving system of the mining dump truck provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme, the vehicle control unit can control the operation conditions of all circuit elements of the mining dump truck, and can analyze the current road condition and vehicle operation condition of the mining dump truck according to the received throttle signal sent by the throttle, and/or the gradient signal sent by the gradient sensor, and/or the gear signal sent by the gearbox controller, and adjust the operation states of the engine, the main drive motor and the auxiliary drive motor, so that the mining dump truck can adapt to various road conditions to run.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
The invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description, taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system of a mining dump truck according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1, a vehicle control unit, 11 an accelerator, 12 gradient sensors, 13 load sensors and 14 display instruments;
2 power battery, 21 battery controller;
3 engine, 31 engine controller, 32 starting motor, 33 automatic clutch;
4AMT gearbox, 41 gearbox controller and 42 gear shifting motor;
5 a main drive motor, 51 a main drive motor controller;
6 auxiliary driving motor, 61 auxiliary driving motor controller;
7 wheel drive assembly, 71 propeller shaft, 72 transaxle, 73 drive wheel, 74 wet brake, 75 brake controller.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1, a hybrid drive system of a mining dump truck includes: the vehicle control unit 1 is electrically connected with an accelerator 11 and a gradient sensor 12, and receives an accelerator 11 signal sent by the accelerator 11 and/or a gradient signal sent by the gradient sensor 12; the power battery 2 is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 1 through the battery controller 21, and the vehicle control unit 1 controls the running of the power battery 2 through the battery controller 21; the engine 3 is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 1 through an engine controller 31, the engine 3 is provided with a starting motor 32, the starting motor 32 is connected with the vehicle control unit 1, the vehicle control unit 1 controls the on-off of the engine 3 through the starting motor 32, and controls the running speed of the engine 3 through the engine controller 31; the AMT gearbox 4 is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 1 through a gearbox controller 41, and the vehicle control unit 1 controls the operation of the AMT gearbox 4 through the gearbox controller 41; an automatic clutch 33 is arranged at the output end of the engine 3, and the automatic clutch 33 is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller 1; the automatic transmission system comprises a main drive motor 5 and an auxiliary drive motor 6, wherein a clutch is arranged at the output end of an engine 3, the main drive motor 5 is arranged between an automatic clutch 33 and the input end of an AMT gearbox 4, the main drive motor 5 is electrically connected with a whole vehicle controller 1 through a main drive motor controller 51, the auxiliary drive motor 6 is arranged at the output end of the AMT gearbox 4 (automatic Manual Transmissions), the auxiliary drive motor 6 is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller 1 through an auxiliary drive motor controller 61, and the whole vehicle controller 1 adjusts the running states of the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6 according to a received throttle 11 signal sent by a throttle 11, a gradient signal sent by a gradient sensor 12 and/or a gear signal sent by a gearbox controller 41; and the wheel driving assembly 7 is arranged at the output end of the auxiliary driving motor 6.
In the above scheme, after the user starts the mining dump truck, the user can step on the accelerator 11, the accelerator 11 can send a signal of the accelerator 11 to the vehicle control unit 1, and the vehicle control unit 1 can control each element to operate cooperatively, so that the mining dump truck can operate stably. For example, the AMT gearbox employs an 8-gear AMT gearbox.
Where the motor is mounted at the input to the ATM gearbox, after the clutch (i.e. the main drive motor). The motor driving mode of the P2 mode is adopted to assist in driving the vehicle, make up for the insufficient power of the engine and realize pure electric driving.
The motor is installed in ATM gearbox output (promptly, assists the motor of driving), belongs to the motor drive form of P3 mode, compensates the power interruption when shifting gears, and auxiliary drive provides braking force, recovered energy.
Through the cooperation of the P2 and P3 modes, the mining dump truck can be ensured to run stably under various road conditions, and the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, the vehicle control unit 1 controls the engine 3 to idle or stop, controls the automatic clutch 33 to disengage, and controls the battery system to discharge electricity to the main drive motor 5 if the AMT gearbox 4 is in a shift state at the moment, so that the main drive motor 5 drives, the auxiliary drive motor 6 does not work, and the main drive motor 5 is used for driving the wheel drive assembly 7 to run. This situation is suitable for a situation where the speed is relatively slow and the gradient signal received by the vehicle control unit 1 is relatively stable (the variation range is small and the gradient of the vehicle body is small), and the vehicle is driven to run only by using electric power.
Secondly, the vehicle control unit 1 controls the transmitter to idle or stop, controls the automatic clutch 33 to disengage, and controls the battery system to discharge electricity to the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6 if the AMT gearbox 4 is in a shift state at the moment, so that the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6 are driven, and the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6 are used for driving the wheel drive assembly 7 to run. This situation is suitable for a situation where the speed is relatively fast and the gradient signal received by the vehicle control unit 1 is relatively stable (the variation range is small and the gradient of the vehicle body is small), and the vehicle is driven to run only by using electric power.
Thirdly, the vehicle control unit 1 controls the transmitter to idle or stop, controls the automatic clutch 33 to disengage, and controls the battery system to discharge electricity to the auxiliary drive motor 6 if the AMT gearbox 4 is in a gear shifting (i.e., in gear or neutral) state at the time, and the main drive motor 5 does not work, so that the auxiliary drive motor 6 drives, and the auxiliary drive motor 6 drives the wheel drive assembly 7 to run. This kind of situation is applicable to when the user shifts gears, or when shifting on a hill, can avoid appearing the condition that the speed of a motor vehicle slows down too fast like this, or swift current car.
Fourthly, during the running process of the vehicle control unit 1 controlling the P3 to drive the wheel driving assembly 7, if the electric quantity of the power battery 2 is found to be lower than a set value (for example, 50%), the engine 3 is controlled to start, the automatic clutch 33 is combined, the engine 3 generates electricity through the main driving motor 5 and transmits the electric quantity to the power battery 2 to charge until the power battery 2 is fully charged.
Fifthly, the vehicle control unit 1 controls the engine 3 to operate, and the automatic clutch 33 is engaged. The vehicle control unit 1 controls the main drive motor 5 to carry out speed regulation driving, and controls the auxiliary drive motor 6 to carry out torque compensation on the wheel drive assembly 7, and at the moment, the power battery 2 does not work. This applies to the case where the vehicle is driven and driven only by the engine 3.
Sixthly, the vehicle control unit 1 controls the engine 3 to operate, the automatic clutch 33 is combined to control the main drive motor 5 to carry out speed regulation driving, the power battery 2 is controlled to carry out power output on the auxiliary drive motor 6, and the auxiliary drive motor 6 is used for driving the wheel drive assembly 7 or carrying out torque compensation. This situation is suitable for the case that the road condition is relatively bad and the engine 3 and the auxiliary driving motor 6 are needed to be used for driving together.
The vehicle control unit 1 receives a gradient signal (the angle between the vehicle body and the horizontal plane) from the gradient sensor 12, which has a large change amplitude, or the vehicle is in a climbing state and has a steep gradient (for example, the gradient exceeds 20%, where the gradient is (length/height) × 100%), which proves that the road condition is relatively bad.
Seventhly, the vehicle control unit 1 controls the engine 3 to operate, the automatic clutch 33 is combined, the power battery 2 is controlled to output power to the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6, the main drive motor 5 is controlled to drive or carry out speed regulation driving, and the auxiliary drive motor 6 is used for driving or carrying out torque compensation on the wheel drive assembly 7. This situation is applicable to the case that the road condition is worse and the engine 3, the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6 are required to be used for driving and driving together.
Eighthly, the vehicle control unit 1 controls the engine 3 to operate, the automatic clutch 33 is combined to control the power battery 2 to output power to the auxiliary drive motor 6, control the main drive motor 5 to carry out speed regulation driving, drive or torque compensation is carried out on the wheel drive assembly 7 by using the auxiliary drive motor 6, the engine 3 generates power through the main drive motor 5, and transmits the power to the power battery 2 to charge until the power battery 2 is fully charged. This is suitable for the common driving running by the engine 3 and the auxiliary driving motor 6, when the power battery 2 is not enough to charge.
Through the scheme, the vehicle control unit 1 can analyze the current road condition and vehicle running condition of the mining dump truck according to the received accelerator 11 signal sent by the accelerator 11, and/or the gradient signal sent by the gradient sensor 12, and/or the gear signal sent by the transmission controller 41 while controlling the running conditions of each circuit element of the mining dump truck, and adjust the running states of the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6, so that the mining dump truck can adapt to various road conditions to run.
In a particular embodiment, the wheel drive assembly 7 comprises: the transmission shaft 71 is connected with the auxiliary drive motor 6, and the two drive wheels 73 are connected with the transmission shaft 71 through the drive axle 72.
In the scheme, the auxiliary drive motor 6 is used for converting electric power into driving force, and the driving force is transmitted to the two driving wheels 73 through the transmission shaft 71 and the driving axle 72, so that the driving wheels 73 rotate to enable the mining dump truck to run.
In a particular embodiment, the wheel drive assembly 7 further comprises: the wet brake 74 is disposed inside the at least one driving wheel 73, and the wet brake 74 is electrically connected to the vehicle control unit 1 through the brake controller 75.
In the above-described aspect, the brake controller 75 includes: an ASR controller (traction control System) and/or an ABS controller (Anti-locked Braking System).
The wet brake 74 is connected to the brake of the mining dump truck through the brake controller 75, and when a user steps on the brake to brake, the brake energy can be recovered so as not to waste energy, and the method specifically includes:
and ninthly, the vehicle control unit 1 controls the engine 3 to idle or stop, controls the automatic clutch 33 to be separated, controls the main drive motor 5 to carry out speed regulation, starts the braking state of the auxiliary drive motor 6, recovers braking energy by using the auxiliary drive motor 6, and converts the braking energy into electric energy to be transmitted to the power battery 2 for charging. This situation is suitable for when the force of the user stepping on the brake is small (namely the stroke of the brake pedal is less than or equal to the set stroke), only the auxiliary drive motor 6 is started to brake, and the energy is recovered.
Tenth, the vehicle control unit 1 controls the engine 3 to idle or stop, controls the automatic clutch 33 to disengage, controls the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6 to both brake, recovers braking energy by using the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6, and converts the braking energy into electric energy to transmit to the power battery 2 for charging. This situation is suitable for when the force of the user stepping on the brake is small (i.e. the distance and the stroke of the stepping on the brake pedal are less than or equal to the set stroke), the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6 are started to brake at the same time, and the energy is recovered.
In a specific embodiment, rotational speed sensors are provided on the two drive wheels 73, and the rotational speed sensors are electrically connected to the brake controller 75.
In the above-described configuration, the rotation speed sensor can detect the rotation speed of the drive wheel and transmit the rotation speed to the vehicle control unit 1 through the brake controller 75 in real time, and if it is found that the rotation speeds of the two drive wheels are different, which proves that the wheels are slipping, the vehicle control unit 1 transmits a brake signal to the wet brake 74 through the brake controller 75, and applies a braking force to the two drive wheels by the wet brake 74, thereby preventing the drive wheels from slipping. I.e., to implement the function of the ASR controller (brake controller 75).
In a specific embodiment, the load sensor 13 is further included, and the load sensor 13 is arranged at the bottom of the carriage of the mining dump truck and electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 1.
In the above scheme, the load sensor 13 can detect the load capacity information (i.e., the weight) of the mining dump truck, and if the load capacity information exceeds a predetermined ratio (e.g., 10%) of the nuclear load, at this time, a large amount of power is required to drive the mining dump truck, the vehicle control unit 1 controls the engine 3 to operate, and at the same time, the braking force battery 2 is controlled to deliver electric power to the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6, and the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6 are started to drive, so that the wheel drive assembly 7 can be driven by using three power engines, namely the engine, the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6, to drive. Therefore, the mining dump truck can load more materials and ensure normal and stable running of the mining dump truck.
In a specific embodiment, the wind speed sensor is arranged at the head of the mining dump truck and electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 1.
In the scheme, the wind speed sensor can send the detected wind speed to the vehicle control unit 1, if the wind speed is opposite to the driving direction of the mining dump truck, and when the reverse wind speed exceeds a set reverse wind speed value (for example, 10m/s), the vehicle control unit 1 needs large power to drive, the engine 3 is controlled to run, the braking force battery 2 is controlled to transmit electric quantity to the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6 at the same time, the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6 are started to drive, and therefore the wheel drive assembly 7 can be driven to run by using three power engines, namely the engine, the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6. Therefore, the mining dump truck can ensure normal and stable running when the backward wind speed is high.
In addition, if the wind speed detected by the wind speed sensor is the same as the driving direction of the mining dump truck, if the forward wind speed exceeds a set forward wind speed value (for example, 10m/s), at this time, if the driving speed is high, the vehicle control unit 1 is required to control the engine 3 to stop running, and at the same time, the main drive motor 5 and/or the auxiliary drive motor 6 are/is controlled to start a braking function, so as to brake the drive wheels, and the braking energy is recovered by using the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6 and is converted into electric energy to be transmitted to the power battery 2 for charging.
In a particular embodiment, the grade sensor 12 includes a plurality of gyroscopes disposed on a bed of the mining dump truck. In order to ensure the detection effect, the plurality of gyroscopes need to be arranged on the same horizontal plane, so that whether the vehicle is in an uphill state or a downhill state can be detected through the connection angle of each gyroscope, and the vehicle controller 1 can adjust the running states of the main drive motor 5 and the auxiliary drive motor 6 according to different states, so that the mining dump truck can run stably.
In the specific embodiment, the vehicle control system further comprises a display instrument 14, and the display instrument 14 is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit 1. The controller will control the operation status and results of the various components to be displayed on the display instrument 14.
In a specific embodiment, a shift motor 42 is disposed on the AMT gearbox 4, and the shift motor 42 is electrically connected to the gearbox controller 41. Need not the user through gear shift motor 42 and shift gears manually and can realize the function of automatic gear shifting, vehicle control unit 1 sends gear information to gearbox controller 41, and gearbox controller 41 adjusts the gear of AMT gearbox 4 through gear shift motor 42, realizes the process of shifting gears.
According to the hybrid driving system of the mining dump truck, the following problems can be solved:
1) the cost of purchasing an engine to meet power and torque requirements is very high.
2) And energy cannot be recovered, so that energy waste is caused. When going downhill, the friction plate is worn too fast.
3) The speed is slow and the transportation efficiency is low.
4) Currently, the mining dump truck mainly uses a high-power diesel engine as power, and has high fuel cost and high emission and environmental pollution. In a high-altitude area, the power of the engine can be reduced along with the rise of the altitude, so that the power of the mining dump truck is insufficient.
5) In recent years, the pure electric mining dump truck taking a battery as power needs to have large battery capacity, so that the cost is high, the weight and the volume are large, and special charging equipment needs to be built for parking and charging, so that the attendance time is influenced. In consideration of economy, the pure electric drive mining dump truck can only be suitable for heavy-load downhill or level road working conditions, but is not suitable for heavy-load climbing working conditions (the heavy-load climbing working conditions account for more than 70% of mine working conditions).
The scheme adopted by the embodiment is as follows:
1) an engine with smaller power is selected to be supplemented by a power battery, a main drive motor and an auxiliary drive motor, so that the purchasing cost of a high-power engine is reduced. The energy of the mining dump truck during downhill, braking and deceleration is stored in the battery, and the energy assists the engine to drive when the mining dump truck ascends the slope, so that the fuel cost is saved.
2) And selecting a proper hybrid power technical route according to the mine working conditions. The hybrid technical route of the main drive motor and the auxiliary drive motor is adopted: the main drive motor and the auxiliary drive motor are driven in an auxiliary mode to make up for the shortage of the power of the engine; meanwhile, the main drive motor has the function of adjusting the working point of the engine, thereby avoiding or reducing the operation of the engine in unfavorable running modes, such as idling, low-speed crawling and the like, and reducing the oil consumption; the auxiliary drive motor can compensate for power interruption during gear shifting. The double motors (namely the main drive motor and the auxiliary drive motor) provide braking force and recover energy. The double motors can also realize pure electric drive, and the maximum speed of the whole vehicle is improved by utilizing the characteristic of high rotating speed of the motors. The acceleration performance of the mining dump truck is improved by the aid of the power assisting effect of the peak torque of the motor.
3) The engine, the main drive motor and the auxiliary drive motor are intelligently combined, and are matched with an 8-gear AMT gearbox, so that the speed regulation range is wide, and the climbing slope requirement and the vehicle speed requirement are met.
4) The SOC level is monitored, the operating condition and the load condition are identified through a gradient sensor and a load sensor, the operation intention of a driver is identified through an electronic accelerator pedal (namely an accelerator), the vehicle controller controls the three-engine intelligent combination and automatically selects a proper gear, the required torque and the rotating speed are output, the vehicle is driven efficiently and economically, the electric quantity balance of the working cycle is ensured, the charging equipment is not needed, the parking and the charging are not needed, and the transportation efficiency is obviously improved.
5) As the mine is in a reciprocating working condition, the line is relatively fixed, the control system can realize self-adaption and self-learning, and unmanned function upgrading can be carried out according to the requirement.
6) The power battery is in a modular design, different battery capacities are selected according to working conditions to form different fuel-electric mixing ratios, full coverage of the working conditions is achieved, and meanwhile maximized economy is obtained. In a high altitude area, the power of the engine can be reduced along with the rise of the altitude, so that the power of the whole vehicle is insufficient, and the problem can be solved by using a hybrid power system of the engine and a battery.
7) Under the working condition of heavy load downhill, the automatic constant-speed downhill is realized and the operation of a driver is simplified by the combined braking mode of the control of the vehicle control unit, the engine braking, the motor feedback braking and the wet brake. Meanwhile, 3 retarding modes are adopted, so that the retarding capacity of the whole vehicle is greatly improved, the vehicle can safely descend at a higher speed, the working cycle time is shortened, and the transportation efficiency is improved. The wet brake integrates ABS/ASR function, and improves the driving capability of soft and wet road surfaces.
The invention can automatically realize the following working modes of the following table 1 according to the working conditions by the intelligent combination of the engine, the main drive motor and the auxiliary drive motor:
TABLE 1
The vehicle control unit measures and calculates load and gradient in real time, dynamically selects working states of all parts, and is detailed in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
In summary, the following advantages are provided:
1) adaptability: the full coverage of the working condition can be realized by adjusting the oil-electricity mixing ratio.
2) The economic efficiency is as follows: the power of the engine is reduced, and the acquisition cost of the mining dump truck is reduced; the fuel is saved through energy recovery, and the economic benefit is obvious.
3) Intelligentization: the self-adaptive self-learning intelligent control system automatically outputs torque and rotating speed according to working conditions, and simplifies driver operation.
4) High efficiency: the vehicle speed is high, and the working cycle time is short; need not to wait for the charging, the conveying efficiency is high.
5) Safety: 3, the braking mode has strong retarding capacity and ensures the driving safety.
In the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other.
The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (9)
1. A hybrid drive system of a mining dump truck, comprising:
the vehicle control unit (1) is electrically connected with an accelerator (11) and a gradient sensor (12) and is used for receiving an accelerator (11) signal sent by the accelerator (11) and/or receiving a gradient signal sent by the gradient sensor (12);
the power battery (2) is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit (1) through a battery controller (21), and the vehicle control unit (1) controls the operation of the power battery (2) through the battery controller (21);
the vehicle control system comprises an engine (3), an engine controller (31), a starting motor (32), a starting motor controller (31), a starting motor (32) and a starting controller (1), wherein the engine (3) is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit (1), the starting motor (32) is connected with the vehicle control unit (1), the vehicle control unit (1) controls the on-off of the engine (3) through the starting motor (32), and the running rotating speed of the engine (3) is controlled through the engine controller (31);
the AMT gearbox (4) is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit (1) through a gearbox controller (41), and the vehicle control unit (1) controls the operation of the AMT gearbox (4) through the gearbox controller (41);
an automatic clutch (33) is arranged at the output end of the engine (3), and the automatic clutch (33) is electrically connected with the whole vehicle controller (1);
a main drive motor (5) and an auxiliary drive motor (6), a clutch is arranged at the output end of the engine (3), the main driving motor (5) is arranged between the automatic clutch (33) and the input end of the AMT gearbox (4), the main drive motor (5) is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit (1) through a main drive motor controller (51), the auxiliary drive motor (6) is arranged at the output end of the AMT gearbox (4), the auxiliary drive motor (6) is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit (1) through an auxiliary drive motor controller (61), the vehicle control unit (1) adjusts the running states of the main drive motor (5) and the auxiliary drive motor (6) according to a received throttle (11) signal sent by a throttle (11), a gradient signal sent by a gradient sensor (12) and a gear signal sent by a gearbox controller (41);
and the wheel driving assembly (7) is arranged at the output end of the auxiliary driving motor (6).
2. Hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that the wheel drive assembly (7) comprises: the transmission shaft (71) is connected with the auxiliary driving motor (6), and the two driving wheels (73) are connected with the transmission shaft (71) through the driving axle (72).
3. Hybrid drive system according to claim 2, characterized in that the wheel drive assembly (7) further comprises: a wet brake (74), wherein the wet brake (74) is disposed inside the drive wheel (73), and the wet brake (74) is electrically connected to the vehicle control unit (1) via a brake controller (75).
4. A hybrid drive system according to claim 3, wherein speed sensors are provided on both drive wheels (73), said speed sensors being electrically connected to the brake controller (75).
5. The hybrid driving system according to claim 1, further comprising a load sensor (13), wherein the load sensor (13) is arranged at the bottom of the carriage of the mining dump truck and electrically connected with the vehicle controller (1).
6. The hybrid driving system of claim 1, further comprising a wind speed sensor, wherein the wind speed sensor is arranged on the head of the mining dump truck and electrically connected with the vehicle control unit (1).
7. The hybrid drive system of claim 1, wherein the grade sensor (12) comprises a plurality of gyroscopes disposed on a bed of the mining dump truck.
8. Hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a display instrument (14), said display instrument (14) being electrically connected with said vehicle control unit (1).
9. Hybrid drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that a shift motor (42) is provided on the AMT gearbox (4), said shift motor (42) being electrically connected with the gearbox controller (41).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010713381.3A CN111775927A (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Hybrid driving system of mining dump truck |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010713381.3A CN111775927A (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Hybrid driving system of mining dump truck |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111775927A true CN111775927A (en) | 2020-10-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010713381.3A Pending CN111775927A (en) | 2020-07-22 | 2020-07-22 | Hybrid driving system of mining dump truck |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113306383A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-08-27 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | Mining dump truck |
| CN113978334A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Wheel-shaft cooperative hybrid unmanned mining dump truck and control method thereof |
| CN116267176A (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-06-23 | 四川省农业机械研究设计院 | Radix aconiti lateralis harvesting device of self-adaptation topography |
-
2020
- 2020-07-22 CN CN202010713381.3A patent/CN111775927A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113306383A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-08-27 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | Mining dump truck |
| CN113978334A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Wheel-shaft cooperative hybrid unmanned mining dump truck and control method thereof |
| CN113978334B (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2024-02-02 | 中国矿业大学 | Wheel-shaft cooperative hybrid unmanned mining dump truck and control method thereof |
| CN116267176A (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-06-23 | 四川省农业机械研究设计院 | Radix aconiti lateralis harvesting device of self-adaptation topography |
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