CN111772763A - Nail guiding device is put in backbone operation - Google Patents
Nail guiding device is put in backbone operation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111772763A CN111772763A CN202010751415.8A CN202010751415A CN111772763A CN 111772763 A CN111772763 A CN 111772763A CN 202010751415 A CN202010751415 A CN 202010751415A CN 111772763 A CN111772763 A CN 111772763A
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- sliding
- fixedly connected
- screw
- fixed
- rotatably connected
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
- A61B17/1739—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A61B17/1757—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body for the spine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7074—Tools specially adapted for spinal fixation operations other than for bone removal or filler handling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/90—Guides therefor
Abstract
The invention relates to a spinal surgery screw-placing guide device, which effectively solves the problems that the screw-placing position is not accurately positioned, the angle of a screw is not accurately adjusted or even can not be effectively adjusted, and the operation of the surgery process is complicated; the technical scheme includes that the device comprises a support frame and is characterized in that a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support frame, a sliding support is arranged in the fixing frame, a fixing sliding plate is arranged at the lower end of the sliding support, an arc-shaped sliding plate is connected to the lower end of the fixing sliding plate, a friction shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end of the arc-shaped sliding plate, a fixing rotary drum is rotatably connected to the lower end of the friction shaft in a coaxial mode, an outer gear ring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixing rotary drum in a coaxial mode, a rotary shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end of the arc-shaped sliding plate, a push rod sleeve is in threaded fit with the lower; simple structure and strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a spinal surgery screw placing guide device.
Background
Along with the improvement of medical treatment level, treatment to the disease is more and more, and at the in-process that warp spine and the lamp backbone disease treatment of spinal column of bending to the backbone, through beating the screw nail to the backbone, then fixing in order to realize correcting the common treatment mode of present medical science through fixing device, at the in-process of whole spinal correction operation, it is the most critical step to carry out the nailing to the backbone, and position, the required precision to the nailing are all very strict.
The following problems often exist when surgical correction is performed on the spine of a patient:
1. the majority of the existing operation modes adopt manual operation nailing, the nailing position is mainly positioned by a positioning point, the positioning is not accurate, and the nailing position cannot be accurately determined by visual inspection;
2. the angle of the nail placing needs to be adjusted according to the condition of the patient in the process of carrying out operation nail placing on the patient, and the existing nail placing process cannot realize accurate adjustment of the nail placing angle;
3. in the process of performing an operation on a patient, a plurality of medical workers are required to participate, and skin and flesh on the back of the patient need to be spread by using operating forceps, so that the spine is nailed, and the simplification and the accuracy of the operation can not be realized.
Therefore, the invention provides a spinal surgery nail-placing guide device to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the spine surgery screw-placing guide device, which effectively solves the problems that when the spine is placed with screws manually, the position of the screw-placing position is not accurately positioned, the angle of the screw-placing is not accurately adjusted or even can not be effectively adjusted, and the surgery process of a patient needs a plurality of medical workers to participate in the surgery and the operation is complicated.
The device comprises a support frame and is characterized in that a fixed frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support frame, a sliding support is arranged in the fixed frame, a fixed sliding plate is arranged at the lower end of the sliding support, an arc-shaped sliding plate is connected to the lower end of the fixed sliding plate, a friction shaft is rotatably connected to the lower end of the arc-shaped sliding plate, a fixed rotary drum is coaxially and rotatably connected to the lower end of the friction shaft, an outer gear ring is coaxially and fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed rotary drum;
the lower end of the arc-shaped sliding plate is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft, the lower end of the rotating shaft is in threaded fit with a push rod sleeve which is vertically and slidably connected with the rotating shaft, the lower end of the push rod sleeve is coaxially and rotatably connected with a rotating gear which is vertically and slidably connected with the rotating shaft, and the rotating gear is meshed with the outer gear ring;
the upper end of the rotating shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with a driven bevel gear, the driven bevel gear is meshed with a driving bevel gear which is rotatably connected to the right side of the arc-shaped sliding plate, the right end of the driving bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with a driving rocking handle, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with a driving friction wheel at the lower end of the arc-shaped sliding plate through a belt transmission mechanism, the upper end of the fixed rotating drum is rotatably connected with two driven friction wheels which are in contact with the driving friction wheel, the lower end of the driven friction wheel is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating hexagonal prism, the outer wall of the rotating hexagonal prism is sleeved with a cylindrical cam which is vertically and slidably connected with the rotating hexagonal prism, the lower end of the rotating hexagonal prism is fixedly connected with the lower end of the cylindrical cam, and the cylindrical cam is matched with a limiting pin fixedly connected in the fixed, the lower ends of the two cylindrical cams are respectively and fixedly connected with a drill bit sleeve and a screw sleeve, and a drill bit and a screw are respectively arranged in the drill bit sleeve and the screw sleeve.
Preferably, the lower end of the fixed rotary drum is coaxially and rotatably connected with a positioning cylindrical cam, the lower end of the positioning cylindrical cam is fixedly connected with a positioning laser lamp, the lower end of the drill sleeve is rotatably connected with a lifting push plate, and the other end of the lifting push plate is matched with the positioning cylindrical cam.
Preferably, fixed slide lower extreme be connected with arc fixed plate, arc fixed plate with arc slide sliding connection, the coaxial fixedly connected with arc worm wheel of arc slide, arc worm wheel upper end meshing have the transmission worm, the transmission worm with fixed slide rotate and connect, transmission worm front end coaxial coupling have with fixed frame rotate the rotation hand wheel of connecting.
Preferably, the fixed frame with sliding support horizontal sliding connection, fixed frame internal rotation be connected with the slip lead screw, the slip lead screw with sliding support screw-thread fit, the slip lead screw with rotate and connect and be in the coaxial fixed connection of the left rocking handle of fixed frame.
Preferably, the sliding support is connected with the fixed sliding plate in a front-back sliding manner, the fixed sliding plate is in threaded fit with a telescopic screw rod rotatably connected in the fixed frame, and the telescopic screw rod is coaxially and fixedly connected with an adjusting gear rotatably connected at the front end of the fixed frame;
the rotating hand wheel is connected with the transmission worm in a sliding mode from front to back, and the rear end of the rotating hand wheel is coaxially and fixedly connected with a sliding gear meshed with the adjusting gear.
Preferably, the left side and the right side of the fixed sliding plate are fixedly connected with distraction devices, each distraction device comprises a distraction support plate fixedly connected with the arc-shaped fixed plate, the lower end of the distraction fixed plate is connected with two sliding racks in a front-back sliding manner, the lower ends of the sliding racks are fixedly connected with distraction pieces, the upper ends of the sliding racks are respectively engaged with a half gear rotatably connected with the distraction support plate, the upper sides of the half gears are fixedly connected with an eccentric cam, the upper end of the eccentric cam is rotatably connected with a first connecting rod, the two first connecting rods are rotatably connected with a second connecting rod which is vertically slidably connected with the distraction support plate, the upper end of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected with a pull rope, and the pull rope is connected with a pull rope lifting device fixedly connected with the distraction support plate;
the lower end of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected with an extension spring, and the other end of the extension spring is fixedly connected with the strutting supporting plate.
Preferably, the rope pulling and lifting device comprises a primary guide wheel which is rotatably connected with the spreading support plate, and the front side of the spreading support plate is rotatably connected with a secondary guide wheel;
the front side of the strutting supporting plate is rotatably connected with a double-threaded screw, the left end and the right end of the double-threaded screw are matched with a sliding pull rod in a threaded manner, and the pull rope bypasses the primary guide wheel, the secondary guide wheel and the sliding pull rod.
Preferably, the support frame is connected with two fixing plates in an up-and-down sliding mode, and the two fixing plates are fixed through bolts.
Preferably, the lower end of the support frame is rotatably connected with a traveling wheel, and the rear end of the support frame is fixedly connected with a balancing weight.
The invention improves the existing spinal surgery screw setting device, and effectively realizes the problem of spinal screw setting by additionally arranging the cylindrical cam, the limiting pin, the drill bit sleeve, the drill bit, the screw sleeve and the screw; the problem of alternative use of the drill bit and the threaded nail is effectively solved by additionally arranging the fixed rotary drum, the friction shaft, the outer gear ring, the rotating gear and the rotating shaft; the problem of effectively and accurately positioning the nail placing position of a patient is effectively solved by arranging the positioning cylindrical cam, the positioning laser lamp and the lifting push plate; the problem of accurate adjustment of nail placing angles of opposite nail positions is solved by arranging the arc-shaped fixing plate, the arc-shaped sliding plate, the arc-shaped turbine and the transmission worm; the problem that the back of a patient needs to be unfolded by using an operating forceps is solved by arranging an unfolding support plate, a sliding rack, an unfolding sheet, a half gear, an eccentric cam, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a pull rope lifting device; and the structure is simple and stable, and the universality is extremely high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view of the nail placing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial perspective view of the nail placing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the internal mechanism of the fixed drum according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a staple placing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drill drive mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the distracting device of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the drill position adjustment mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a partial schematic view of the internal mechanism and driving mechanism of the fixed drum of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and other aspects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which reference is made to figures 1 to 9. The structural contents mentioned in the following embodiments are all referred to the attached drawings of the specification.
The invention relates to a spine surgery screw-placing guide device, which comprises a support frame 1, wherein the support frame 1 provides a fixed support foundation for a subsequent structure, and is characterized in that a fixed frame 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support frame 1, a sliding support 3 is arranged in the fixed frame 2, the sliding support 3 and the fixed frame 2 have two connection modes of sliding connection and fixed connection, in the embodiment, a fixed connection mode is adopted, a fixed sliding plate 4 is arranged at the lower end of the sliding support 3, an arc-shaped sliding plate 5 is connected to the lower end of the fixed sliding plate 4, a friction shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the arc-shaped sliding plate 5, a fixed rotary drum 7 is coaxially and rotatably connected to the lower end of the friction shaft 6, a friction surface is arranged on one side where the fixed rotary drum 7 and the friction shaft 6 are attached, so that the friction force between the friction shaft 6 and the fixed rotary drum 7, the fixed rotary drum 7 is in a static state under the condition of not being influenced by external force, and the lower end of the fixed rotary drum 7 is coaxially and fixedly connected with an external gear ring 8;
the lower end of the arc-shaped sliding plate 5 is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft 9, the lower end of the rotating shaft 9 is in threaded fit with a push rod sleeve 10 which is in up-and-down sliding connection with the rotating shaft 9, the lower end of the push rod sleeve 10 is fixedly connected with a limiting rod, the limiting rod is in up-and-down sliding connection with a supporting plate which is rotatably connected with the lower end of the rotating sleeve, the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped sliding plate 5, the push rod sleeve 10 is driven to slide up and down in the rotating process of the rotating shaft 9, the lower end of the push rod sleeve 10 is coaxially and rotatably connected with a rotating gear 11 which is in up-and-down sliding connection with the rotating shaft 9, the embodiment provides an up-and-down sliding connection mode, the axis of the rotating gear 11 is provided with a gear chute, the lower end of the rotating shaft 9 is fixedly connected with a gear slide rail which, the rotating shaft 9 rotates to drive the rotating gear 11 to rotate synchronously, meanwhile, the push rod sleeve 10 drives the rotating gear 11 to slide up and down synchronously in the upward sliding process, so that the rotating gear 11 slides upward while rotating, the rotating gear 11 is meshed with the outer gear ring 8, the outer gear ring 8 is driven to rotate in the rotating process of the rotating gear 11, and further the rotating sleeve is driven to rotate synchronously, after the rotating gear 11 rotates to enable the rotating sleeve to rotate for 180 degrees, the rotating gear 11 slides upward until the rotating gear 11 is disengaged from the outer gear ring 8, so that the rotating shaft 9 rotates, and the rotating sleeve cannot be driven to rotate;
the upper end of the rotating shaft 9 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a driven bevel gear 12, the driven bevel gear 12 is meshed with a driving bevel gear 13 which is rotatably connected to the right side of the arc-shaped sliding plate 5, the right end of the driving bevel gear 13 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a driving rocking handle 14, the driving rocking handle 14 is rotated to drive the driving bevel gear 13 to rotate so as to drive the driven bevel gear 12 to synchronously rotate, the driven bevel gear 12 rotates to drive the rotating shaft 9 to synchronously rotate, the rotating shaft 9 is connected with a driving friction wheel 15 which is rotatably connected to the lower end of the arc-shaped sliding plate 5 through a belt transmission mechanism, so that the transmission shaft rotates to drive the driving friction wheel 15 to synchronously rotate, the upper end of the fixed rotating drum 7 is rotatably connected with two driven friction wheels 16 which are in contact with the driving friction wheel 15, and the two driven friction wheels 16 are distributed at 180 degrees, in the process of ensuring that the fixed rotary drum 7 rotates 180 degrees, the two driven friction wheels 16 and the driving friction wheel 15 are in contact and match alternately, so that the driving friction wheel 15 rotates to drive the driven friction wheels 16 to rotate synchronously, the lower end of the driven friction wheel 16 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating hexagonal prism 17, a cylindrical cam 18 which is connected with the rotating hexagonal prism 17 in an up-and-down sliding manner is sleeved outside the rotating hexagonal prism 17, the lower end of the rotating hexagonal prism 17 is fixedly connected with a spring, the lower end of the spring is fixedly connected with the lower end of the cylindrical cam 18, so that the cylindrical cam 18 is driven to rotate synchronously in the rotating process of the rotating hexagonal prism 17, the cylindrical cam 18 is matched with a limiting pin 19 fixedly connected in the fixed rotary drum 7, and in the rotating process of the cylindrical cam 18, under the matching effect of the limiting pin 19 and the cylindrical cam 18, the cylindrical cam 18 is driven to slide downwards under the limiting effect of the limiting pin 19, the lower ends of the two cylindrical cams 18 are respectively and fixedly connected with a drill sleeve 20 and a screw sleeve 21, a drill 22 and a screw 23 are respectively arranged in the drill sleeve 20 and the screw sleeve 21, the connection mode of the drill sleeve 20 and the drill 22 is not repeated herein in the prior art, the screw sleeve 21 and the screw 23 are detachably connected, so that the screw sleeve 21 drives the screw 23 to synchronously rotate when the screw sleeve 21 is screwed, when the screw sleeve 21 rotates reversely, the screw sleeve 21 and the screw 23 are separated, the connection mode of the screw sleeve 21 and the screw 23 is the prior art, the embodiment provides a connection mode of the screw 23 and the screw sleeve 21, the outer wall of the upper end of the screw 23 is fixedly connected with a wedge block, a locking oblique block matched with the wedge block is connected in the screw sleeve 21 in a sliding manner through a spring, so that the screw sleeve 21 rotates forward to drive the screw 23 to rotate synchronously, when the screw sleeve 21 rotates reversely, the locking oblique block is separated from the wedge block, the screw sleeve 21 idles, meanwhile, an elastic fixing ring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the screw sleeve 21, a fixing ring matched with the elastic fixing ring is arranged on the screw 23, and the elastic fixing ring is matched with the fixing ring to fix the screw 23, so that the cylindrical cam 18 slides downwards while rotating to drive the drill sleeve 20 or the screw sleeve 21 to rotate synchronously and slide downwards, and a threaded hole and a screw setting are formed in the spine of a patient;
in this embodiment, in an initial position, the rotating gear 11 is located in a state of being disengaged from the outer gear ring 8, the cylindrical cam 18 for placing the screw 23 is opposite to a position where a patient needs to place a nail, the driving rocking handle 14 is rotated in a reverse direction, the driving rocking handle 14 drives the driving bevel gear 13 to rotate, so as to drive the driven bevel gear to rotate synchronously, the driven bevel gear 12 rotates to drive the rotating shaft 9 to rotate synchronously, the rotating shaft 9 rotates, under the limiting action of the limiting rod, the gear sliding groove and the gear sliding rail, the rotating gear 11 is driven to rotate and slide downwards, the rotating gear 11 rotates to drive the outer gear ring 8 to rotate, when the rotating gear 11 slides to the lowest position, the driving rocking handle 14 is rotated in a forward direction, so that the rotating gear 11 rotates and slides upwards at the same time, when the external gear ring 8 rotates 180 degrees to enable the drill bit 22 and the patient nail setting position to correspond, the rotating gear 11 slides upwards until the rotating gear 11 is disengaged from the external gear ring 8, then the rotating shaft 9 rotates without driving the fixed drum 7 to rotate, the fixed drum 7 rotates 180 degrees to enable the driven friction wheel 16 above the drill bit 22 to be in contact with the driving friction wheel 15, then the rotating shaft 9 rotates continuously, the rotating shaft 9 rotates to drive the driving friction wheel 15 to rotate through the belt transmission mechanism, the driving friction wheel 15 rotates to drive the driven friction wheel 16 to rotate, the driven friction wheel 16 rotates to drive the rotating hexagonal prism 17 to rotate synchronously, and the rotating hexagonal prism 17 rotates to drive the cylindrical cam 18 to rotate synchronously, the cylindrical cam 18 rotates under the limiting action of the limiting pin 19, so that the cylindrical cam 18 slides downwards while rotating to drive the drill sleeve 20 and the drill 22 to move synchronously, thereby realizing the purpose of drilling a threaded hole in the spine, after the drilling is finished, the driving rocking handle 14 is rotated reversely, the rotating shaft 9 is driven to rotate reversely under the transmission action of the driving bevel gear 13 and the driven bevel gear 12, the rotating shaft 9 rotates to drive the driven friction wheel 16 to rotate reversely, the driven friction wheel 16 rotates reversely to drive the drill 22 to rotate reversely and slide upwards, the drill 22 is withdrawn from the spine of the patient, after the drill 22 is reset, the rotating gear 11 slides downwards until the rotating gear 11 is meshed with the outer gear ring 8, the rotating shaft 9 rotates continuously in reverse, and the rotating shaft 9 rotates to drive the rotating gear 11 to rotate synchronously, when the rotating gear 11 slides to the lowest end of the rotating shaft 9, the driving rocking handle 14 is rotated in the forward direction to drive the rotating shaft 9 to rotate in the forward direction, and further drive the rotating gear 11 to slide upwards, when the fixed rotating drum 7 rotates 180 degrees, the rotating gear 11 and the outer gear ring 8 are disengaged, the driving rocking handle 14 is continuously rotated, the screw 23 is driven by the driving friction wheel 15 and the driven friction wheel 16 to slide downwards while rotating, and the spine is placed with nails.
In the second embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, when a nail is placed on a patient, the punching position of the drill bit 22 is positioned only by visual inspection, which may cause an error, and the nail placement position may deviate from an expected position, so this embodiment provides a device for accurately positioning the nail placement position, specifically, the lower end of the fixed drum 7 is coaxially and rotatably connected with a positioning cylindrical cam 24, the lower end of the positioning cylindrical cam 24 is fixedly connected with a positioning laser lamp 25, the positioning laser lamp 25 is externally connected with a power supply, the positioning laser lamp 25 rotates around the positioning cylindrical cam 24, the rotation radius of the positioning laser lamp 25 is the distance from the drill bit 22 to the fixed drum 7, the lower end of the drill bit sleeve 20 is rotatably connected with a lifting push plate 26, so that the drill bit sleeve 20 can drive the lifting push plate 26 to slide up and down without rotating the lifting push plate 26, the other end of the lifting push plate 26 is matched with the positioning cylindrical cam 24, the lifting push plate 26 is fixedly connected with a limiting support rod matched with the positioning cylindrical cam 24, in the process that the lifting push plate 26 slides up and down, the positioning cylindrical cam 24 is driven to rotate under the matching action of the limiting support rod and the positioning cylindrical sleeve, the positioning cylindrical cam 24 rotates to drive the positioning laser lamp 25 to rotate, so that the positioning laser lamp 25 deviates from the drill bit 22, the drill bit 22 can conveniently slide downwards to punch the spine of the patient, when the drill sleeve 20 is slid upwards and reset, the lifting push plate 26 slides upwards and drives the positioning cylindrical cam 24 to rotate, and the positioning laser lamp 25 is reset through the limiting action of the limiting support rod.
In the third embodiment, on the basis of the second embodiment, in the process of setting nails on a patient, due to different conditions of the patient, the incident angle of the nail needs to be properly adjusted, so that the present embodiment provides a nail setting angle adjusting device, specifically, the lower end of the fixed sliding plate 4 is connected with an arc-shaped fixed plate 27, the center of the circle of the arc-shaped fixed plate 27 is the position of the positioning laser lamp 25 when the nail is set on the patient, the arc-shaped fixed plate 27 is slidably connected with the arc-shaped sliding plate 5, so that the arc-shaped sliding plate 5 slides along the arc-shaped fixed plate 27, the arc-shaped sliding plate 5 is coaxially and fixedly connected with an arc-shaped worm wheel 28, the upper end of the arc-shaped worm wheel 28 is engaged with a transmission worm 29, the transmission worm 29 rotates to drive the arc-shaped worm to rotate, the arc-shaped worm wheel rotates to drive the arc-shaped sliding plate 5 to synchronously, arc slide 5 wind location laser lamp 25 rotate, and then realize the regulation to the incident angle of drill bit 22, transmission worm 29 with fixed slide 4 rotate and connect, transmission worm 29 front end coaxial coupling have with fixed frame 2 rotate the rotation hand wheel 30 of connecting, rotate rotation hand wheel 30 drive transmission worm 29 synchronous rotation.
Fourth embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, after the support frame 1 is fixed, the position of the drill bit 22 and the position of the spinal nail of the patient are deviated in the left-right direction, and the drill bit 22 needs to be adjusted in the left-right direction, so this embodiment provides a device for adjusting the left-right direction of the drill bit 22, specifically, the fixed frame 2 and the sliding support 3 are connected in a left-right sliding manner, the fixed frame 2 is rotatably connected with a sliding screw rod 31, the sliding screw rod 31 is in threaded fit with the sliding support 3, a sliding limit rod is fixedly connected in the fixed frame 2, the sliding support 3 is provided with a limit hole matched with the sliding limit rod, under the limit action of the sliding limit rod, the sliding screw rod rotates to drive the sliding support 3 to slide left and right, the sliding screw rod 31 is connected with the fixed frame 2 through a rocking handle 32 on the left side in a rotating mode, the rocking handle 32 drives the sliding screw rod 31 to rotate synchronously, and therefore the sliding support 3 slides leftwards and rightwards.
Fifth embodiment, on the basis of the third embodiment, when setting nails on a patient, because the body type of the patient is different, the drill 22 needs to be adjusted in position in the front-back direction, the present embodiment provides a mechanism for adjusting the position of the drill 22 in the front-back direction, specifically, the sliding support 3 is connected with the fixed sliding plate 4 in a front-back sliding manner, the fixed sliding plate 4 is in threaded fit with a telescopic screw 33 rotatably connected in the fixed frame 2, the upper end of the fixed sliding plate 4 is fixedly connected with a T-shaped sliding block, the lower end of the sliding support 3 is provided with a T-shaped sliding rail matched with the T-shaped sliding block, under the matching action of the T-shaped sliding block and the T-shaped sliding rail, the telescopic screw 33 rotates to drive the fixed sliding plate 4 to slide back-forth, the telescopic screw 33 is coaxially and fixedly connected with an adjusting gear 34 rotatably connected to the front end of the fixed frame 2, the adjusting gear 34 is rotated to drive the telescopic screw rod 33 to synchronously rotate;
the front end of the transmission worm 29 is fixedly connected with a locking gear ring, the rotating hand wheel 30 is provided with a toothed slide rail matched with the locking gear ring, the rotating hand wheel 30 can slide back and forth along the transmission worm 29 under the matching action of the locking gear ring and the toothed slide rail, the rear end of the rotating hand wheel 30 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a sliding gear 35 meshed with the adjusting gear 34, when the rotating hand wheel 30 slides to the rear end to mesh the sliding gear 35 and the adjusting gear 34, the locking gear ring is disengaged from the toothed slide rail, so that the rotating hand wheel 30 rotates to drive the sliding gear 35 to synchronously rotate and further drive the adjusting gear 34 to rotate, the adjustment of the front and rear positions of the fixed sliding plate 4 is realized, meanwhile, the rotation hand wheel 30 rotates to drive the transmission worm 29 to synchronously rotate, when the rotation hand wheel 30 is pulled towards the front side, the locking gear ring is meshed with the toothed sliding rail, the sliding gear 35 is disengaged from the adjusting gear 34, the rotation handle is rotated to drive the transmission worm 29 to synchronously rotate, and the adjustment of the incident angle of the drill bit 22 is realized.
Sixth embodiment, on the basis of the third embodiment, when performing a spine nailing operation on a patient, a medical worker needs to prop open the spine of the patient through an operating forceps to expose the spine of the patient, so this embodiment provides a device for propping open the spine of the patient, specifically, referring to fig. 7, both the left and right sides of the fixed sliding plate 4 are fixedly connected with a propping device, the propping device includes a propping support plate 36 fixedly connected with the arc-shaped fixing plate 27, the lower end of the propping fixing plate 49 is connected with two sliding racks 37 in a front-back sliding manner, the lower end of the sliding rack 37 is fixedly connected with a peeling sheet 38, the upper ends of the sliding racks 37 are respectively engaged with a half gear 39 rotatably connected with the propping support plate 36, the two half gears 39 rotate to drive the two sliding racks 37 to slide in opposite directions, thereby propping open the spine of the patient, the upper side of the half gear 39 is fixedly connected with an eccentric cam 40, the upper end of the eccentric cam 40 is rotatably connected with first connecting rods 41, the two first connecting rods 41 are rotatably connected with second connecting rods 42 which are vertically and slidably connected with the expanding support plate 36, the second connecting rods 42 slide upwards to pull the first connecting rods 41 to rotate and pull the eccentric cam 40 to rotate, the eccentric cam 40 rotates to drive the half gear 39 to rotate, the upper end of the second connecting rods 42 is fixedly connected with a pull rope 43, the pull rope 43 is connected with a pull rope 43 lifting device which is fixedly connected with the expanding support plate 36, the pull rope 43 lifting device is a common pull rope 43 lifting device, the embodiment provides a pull rope 43 lifting device, specifically, the pull rope 43 lifting device is a rotating wire wheel, and the pull rope 43 is wound on the rotating wire wheel, the lifting of the pull rope 43 is realized in the rotating process of the rotating wire wheel, and meanwhile, the rotating wire wheel is fixedly connected with a locking device to realize the locking of the rotating wire wheel;
an extension spring 44 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second connecting rod 42, the other end of the extension spring 44 is fixedly connected with the opening support plate 36, when the sliding rack 37 needs to be reset, the rotating wire wheel is rotated reversely to loosen the pull rope 43, and under the stretching action of the extension spring 44, the second connecting rod 42 is reset, the half gear 39 is reset at the same time, and the sliding rack 37 is reset;
in the specific implementation of this embodiment, when the back of the patient needs to be distracted, the pulling rope 43 is pulled by the pulling rope 43 lifting device to slide upwards, the pulling rope 43 slides upwards to drive the second connecting rod 42 to slide upwards, the second connecting rod 42 slides upwards to drive the half gear 39 to rotate through the first connecting rod 41 and the eccentric cam 40, the half gear 39 rotates to drive the two sliding racks 37 to slide in opposite directions, and the sliding racks 37 rotate in opposite directions to distract the back of the patient.
Seventh, on the basis of the sixth embodiment, in order to realize the synchronous adjustment of the distractors on the left and right sides, the present embodiment provides a synchronous adjustment device for two distractors of the pulling rope 43 lifting device, specifically, the pulling rope 43 lifting device includes a primary guide wheel 45 rotatably connected to the distracting support plate 36, a secondary guide wheel 46 rotatably connected to the front side of the distracting support plate 36, and the primary guide wheel 45 and the secondary guide wheel 46 realize the guidance and the direction change of the pulling rope 43, so that the pulling rope 43 is changed from the vertical sliding to the horizontal sliding;
Eighth embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, in the process of performing an operation on a patient, the stability of the support frame 1 must be ensured, and the situation that the operation device shakes during the operation due to the influence of external factors is avoided, so this embodiment provides a fixing structure of the support frame 1, specifically, the support frame 1 is connected with two fixing plates 49 in a sliding manner up and down, this embodiment provides a connecting manner in a sliding manner up and down, the support frame 1 is provided with up and down rectangular slide rails, the fixing plates 49 are fixedly connected with rectangular slide bars matched with the up and down rectangular slide rails, so as to limit the fixing plates 49, the fixing plates 49 slide up and down, the two fixing plates 49 are fixed by bolts, the two fixing plates 49 are additionally arranged at the upper and lower ends of a hospital bed, and the fixing of the support frame 1 is realized by the clamping of the two fixing plates 49, the support frame 1 is prevented from shaking.
In the ninth embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, when a surgery is performed on a patient, the device of the present invention needs to be moved, so that the present embodiment provides a moving manner, specifically, the lower end of the support frame 1 is rotatably connected with a walking wheel 50, the support frame 1 is moved by the walking wheel 50, in order to avoid the phenomenon of gravity center offset of the device, the rear end of the support frame 1 is fixedly connected with a balancing weight 51, and the support frame 1 is stabilized.
When the device is used specifically, the device is firstly moved to a proper position, then the support frame 1 is fixed on a sickbed through two fixing plates 49, then the positioning laser lamp 25 is turned on, the rocking handle 14 is driven to rotate reversely, the rocking handle 14 is driven to drive the driving bevel gear 13 to rotate, further the driven bevel gear is driven to rotate synchronously, the driven bevel gear 12 rotates to drive the rotating shaft 9 to rotate synchronously, the rotating shaft 9 rotates, under the limiting action of the limiting rod, the gear sliding groove and the gear sliding rail, the rotating gear 11 is driven to slide downwards while rotating, the rotating gear 11 rotates to drive the outer gear ring 8 to rotate, when the rotating gear 11 slides to the lowest position, the rocking handle 14 is driven to rotate forwards, the rotating gear 11 slides upwards while rotating, when the outer gear ring 8 rotates 180 degrees, the drill 22 and a patient are placed near the nail position, the position of the sliding support 3 is adjusted through the rotating sliding of the rocking handle 32, after the adjustment is completed, when the rotating hand wheel 30 slides to the rear end to the position where the sliding gear 35 is meshed with the adjusting gear 34, the locking gear ring and the toothed slide rail are disengaged, so that the rotating hand wheel 30 rotates to drive the sliding gear 35 to synchronously rotate and further drive the adjusting gear 34 to rotate, the adjustment of the front and rear positions of the fixed slide plate 4 is realized, then the pull rope 43 is pulled to upwards slide through the pull rope 43 lifting device, the pull rope 43 upwards slides to drive the second connecting rod 42 to upwards slide, the second connecting rod 42 upwards slides to drive the half gear 39 to rotate through the first connecting rod 41 and the eccentric cam 40, the half gear 39 rotates to drive the two sliding racks 37 to reversely slide, the sliding racks 37 reversely rotate to realize the opening of the back of the patient, then the position of the drill bit 22 is slightly adjusted, so that the positioning laser lamp 25 irradiates on the position where the spine of the patient needs to be nailed, the transmission worm 29 rotates to drive the arc-shaped worm wheel to rotate, the arc-shaped worm wheel rotates to drive the arc-shaped sliding plate 5 to synchronously rotate, the arc-shaped sliding plate 5 rotates around the positioning laser lamp 25, and the incident angle of the drill bit 22 is adjusted;
after the position adjustment is completed, the rotating shaft 9 continuously rotates, the rotating shaft 9 rotates to drive the driving friction wheel 15 to rotate through the belt transmission mechanism, the driving friction wheel 15 rotates to drive the driven friction wheel 16 to rotate, the driven friction wheel 16 rotates to drive the rotating hexagonal prism 17 to synchronously rotate, the rotating hexagonal prism 17 rotates to drive the cylindrical cam 18 to synchronously rotate, the cylindrical cam 18 rotates under the limiting action of the limiting pin 19, the cylindrical cam 18 slides downwards while rotating, further the drill bit sleeve 20 and the drill bit 22 are driven to synchronously move, the threaded hole is punched on the spine, after the punching is completed, the rocking handle 14 is driven to reversely rotate, the rotating shaft 9 is driven to reversely rotate under the driving action of the driving bevel gear 13 and the driven bevel gear 12, the rotating shaft 9 rotates to drive the driven friction wheel 16 to reversely rotate, and the drill bit 22 reversely rotates and slides upwards through the reverse rotation of the driven friction wheel 16, withdraw from the drill bit 22 from patient's backbone, after the drill bit 22 resets, the running gear 11 slides down to running gear 11 and the meshing of outer ring gear 8, last reverse rotation axis of rotation 9, axis of rotation 9 rotates and drives the synchronous rotation of running gear 11, when running gear 11 slides to axis of rotation 9 bottom, forward rotates drive rocking handle 14 and then drives axis of rotation 9 forward rotation, and then drive running gear 11 and upwards slide, when fixed rotary drum 7 rotates 180 degrees, running gear 11 and outer ring gear 8 break away from the meshing, continue to rotate drive rocking handle 14, through drive friction pulley 15, driven friction pulley 16 drives screw 23 and slides down in the rotation, put the nail to the backbone.
The invention improves the existing spinal surgery screw setting device, and effectively realizes the problem of spinal screw setting by additionally arranging the cylindrical cam, the limiting pin, the drill bit sleeve, the drill bit, the screw sleeve and the screw; the problem of alternative use of the drill bit and the threaded nail is effectively solved by additionally arranging the fixed rotary drum, the friction shaft, the outer gear ring, the rotating gear and the rotating shaft; the problem of effectively and accurately positioning the nail placing position of a patient is effectively solved by arranging the positioning cylindrical cam, the positioning laser lamp and the lifting push plate; the problem of accurate adjustment of nail placing angles of opposite nail positions is solved by arranging the arc-shaped fixing plate, the arc-shaped sliding plate, the arc-shaped turbine and the transmission worm; the problem that the back of a patient needs to be unfolded by using an operating forceps is solved by arranging an unfolding support plate, a sliding rack, an unfolding sheet, a half gear, an eccentric cam, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a pull rope lifting device; and the structure is simple and stable, and the universality is extremely high.
Claims (9)
1. The spine surgery screw placing guide device comprises a support frame (1) and is characterized in that the upper end of the support frame (1) is fixedly connected with a fixed frame (2), a sliding support (3) is arranged in the fixed frame (2), a fixed sliding plate (4) is arranged at the lower end of the sliding support (3), the lower end of the fixed sliding plate (4) is connected with an arc sliding plate (5), the lower end of the arc sliding plate (5) is rotatably connected with a friction shaft (6), the lower end of the friction shaft (6) is coaxially and rotatably connected with a fixed rotary drum (7), the fixed rotary drum (7) is coaxially and fixedly connected with an outer gear ring (8) at the lower end of the fixed rotary drum (7);
the lower end of the arc-shaped sliding plate (5) is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft (9), the lower end of the rotating shaft (9) is in threaded fit with a push rod sleeve (10) which is in vertical sliding connection with the rotating shaft (9), the lower end of the push rod sleeve (10) is coaxially and rotatably connected with a rotating gear (11) which is in vertical sliding connection with the rotating shaft (9), and the rotating gear (11) is meshed with the outer gear ring (8);
the upper end of the rotating shaft (9) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a driven bevel gear (12), the driven bevel gear (12) is meshed with a driving bevel gear (13) which is rotatably connected to the right side of the arc-shaped sliding plate (5), the right end of the driving bevel gear (13) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a driving rocking handle (14), the rotating shaft (9) is connected with a driving friction wheel (15) which is rotatably connected to the lower end of the arc-shaped sliding plate (5) through a belt transmission mechanism, the upper end of the fixed rotary drum (7) is rotatably connected with two driven friction wheels (16) which are contacted with the driving friction wheels (15), the lower end of each driven friction wheel (16) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a rotating hexagonal prism (17), the outer wall of the rotating hexagonal prism (17) is sleeved with a cylindrical cam (18) which is vertically and slidably connected with the rotating hexagonal prism (, the lower end of the rotating hexagonal prism (17) is fixedly connected with a spring, the lower end of the spring is fixedly connected with the lower end of the cylindrical cam (18), the cylindrical cam (18) is matched with a limiting pin (19) fixedly connected in the fixed rotary drum (7), the lower ends of the two cylindrical cams (18) are respectively and fixedly connected with a drill bit sleeve (20) and a screw sleeve (21), and a drill bit (22) and a screw (23) are respectively arranged in the drill bit sleeve (20) and the screw sleeve (21).
2. The spinal surgery screw-placing guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the fixed rotary drum (7) is coaxially and rotatably connected with a positioning cylindrical cam (24), the lower end of the positioning cylindrical cam (24) is fixedly connected with a positioning laser lamp (25), the lower end of the drill sleeve (20) is rotatably connected with a lifting push plate (26), and the other end of the lifting push plate (26) is matched with the positioning cylindrical cam (24).
3. The spine surgery screw-placing guide device according to claim 2, wherein the lower end of the fixed sliding plate (4) is connected with an arc-shaped fixed plate (27), the arc-shaped fixed plate (27) is connected with the arc-shaped sliding plate (5) in a sliding manner, the arc-shaped sliding plate (5) is coaxially and fixedly connected with an arc-shaped worm wheel (28), the upper end of the arc-shaped worm wheel (28) is meshed with a transmission worm (29), the transmission worm (29) is rotatably connected with the fixed sliding plate (4), and the front end of the transmission worm (29) is coaxially connected with a rotating hand wheel (30) rotatably connected with the fixed frame (2).
4. The spinal surgery screw-placing guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing frame (2) and the sliding support (3) are connected in a left-right sliding manner, a sliding screw rod (31) is connected in the fixing frame (2) in a rotating manner, the sliding screw rod (31) is in threaded fit with the sliding support (3), and the sliding screw rod (31) is connected with a rocking handle (32) on the left side of the fixing frame (2) in a rotating manner and is fixedly connected with the rocking handle in a coaxial manner.
5. The spinal surgery screw-placing guide device according to claim 3, characterized in that the sliding bracket (3) is connected with the fixed sliding plate (4) in a front-back sliding manner, the fixed sliding plate (4) is in threaded fit with a telescopic screw rod (33) rotatably connected in the fixed frame (2), and the telescopic screw rod (33) is coaxially and fixedly connected with an adjusting gear (34) rotatably connected at the front end of the fixed frame (2);
the rotary hand wheel (30) is connected with the transmission worm (29) in a sliding mode from front to back, and the rear end of the rotary hand wheel (30) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a sliding gear (35) meshed with the adjusting gear (34).
6. The screw-placing guide device for spinal surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that the left and right sides of the fixed sliding plate (4) are fixedly connected with a distraction device, the distraction device comprises a distraction support plate (36) fixedly connected with the arc-shaped fixed plate (27), the lower end of the distraction fixed plate (49) is connected with two sliding racks (37) in a front-back sliding manner, the lower end of the sliding rack (37) is fixedly connected with a distraction piece (38), the upper end of the sliding rack (37) is engaged with a half gear (39) rotatably connected with the distraction support plate (36), the upper side of the half gear (39) is fixedly connected with an eccentric cam (40), the upper end of the eccentric cam (40) is rotatably connected with a first connecting rod (41), and the two first connecting rods (41) are rotatably connected with a second connecting rod (42) which is vertically slidably connected with the distraction support plate (36), the upper end of the second connecting rod (42) is fixedly connected with a pull rope (43), and the pull rope (43) is connected with a pull rope (43) lifting device fixedly connected to the expanding supporting plate (36);
the lower end of the second connecting rod (42) is fixedly connected with an extension spring (44), and the other end of the extension spring (44) is fixedly connected with the distraction support plate (36).
7. The screw-placing guide device for spinal surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that the rope-lifting device of the pull rope (43) comprises a primary guide wheel (45) rotatably connected with the distraction support plate (36), and a secondary guide wheel (46) is rotatably connected with the front side of the distraction support plate (36);
strut backup pad (36) front side rotation be connected with double threaded screw (47), double threaded screw (47) the equal screw-thread fit in left and right ends have slip pull rod (48), stay cord (43) walk around one-level leading wheel (45), second grade leading wheel (46) and slip pull rod (48) link to each other.
8. The spinal surgery screw-placing guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that two fixing plates (49) are connected on the support frame (1) in a sliding way, and the two fixing plates (49) are fixed through bolts.
9. The spinal surgery screw-placing guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the support frame (1) is rotatably connected with a walking wheel (50), and the rear end of the support frame (1) is fixedly connected with a balancing weight (51).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010751415.8A CN111772763B (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Nail guiding device is put in backbone operation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010751415.8A CN111772763B (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Nail guiding device is put in backbone operation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111772763A true CN111772763A (en) | 2020-10-16 |
| CN111772763B CN111772763B (en) | 2021-07-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010751415.8A Active CN111772763B (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Nail guiding device is put in backbone operation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112975851A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-18 | 浙江顺舟电力高技术有限公司 | Quick installation device for curved surface temperature measuring device of electric power system |
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