CN111771916A - Rice cadmium-reducing leaf surface resistance control agent rich in anthocyanin and application method thereof - Google Patents
Rice cadmium-reducing leaf surface resistance control agent rich in anthocyanin and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111771916A CN111771916A CN202010655120.0A CN202010655120A CN111771916A CN 111771916 A CN111771916 A CN 111771916A CN 202010655120 A CN202010655120 A CN 202010655120A CN 111771916 A CN111771916 A CN 111771916A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/16—Ericaceae [Heath or Blueberry family], e.g. rhododendron, arbutus, pieris, cranberry or bilberry
Abstract
The invention discloses a rice cadmium reduction foliage resistance and control agent rich in anthocyanin and an application method thereof. The blueberry extract rich in anthocyanin is extracted as the cadmium-reducing leaf surface resistance control agent for rice in a mode of simple process, low cost and high efficiency, the antioxidant system of rice leaves can be effectively adjusted and the absorption and the transportation of cadmium are inhibited by leaf surface spraying, the effect of reducing the cadmium content of rice grains in the low-cadmium-polluted soil environment is achieved, and the safe production is realized; the foliage resistance and control agent can be sprayed on the foliage by directly adding water, and is convenient to operate, easy to accept and convenient to popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for reducing Cd content in rice grains, in particular to a rice cadmium reduction foliage resistance and control agent rich in anthocyanin and an application method thereof.
Background
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal element with strong mobility and high bioavailability in soil, and can be absorbed by plants into a food chain, so that the food safety and the human health are harmed. The research on the heavy metal pollution of the soil-plant-human system of the Yangtze river delta in China shows that the content of Cd in the soil is obviously higher than that of other heavy metals. Rice is used as a main cereal crop in the world, and has a high biological accumulation factor for Cd. Research on four typical rice production towns in Hunan province shows that the Cd content of all rice grain samples is higher than the Cd content standard of national rice grains (GB 2762-. In recent years, cadmium rice is widely concerned by society, and how to reduce the content of Cd in rice grains is a technical problem to be solved in the field of heavy metal pollution of farmland soil.
Cd as a non-essential element for plant growth can cause the accumulation of active oxygen and the generation of lipid peroxidation in rice bodies, and high-activity free radicals (O)2-OH) and hydrogen peroxide (H)2O2) Has significant correlation with cell damage. In order to alleviate oxidative damage caused by excessive reactive oxygen species accumulation, the main antioxidant mechanisms generally involved in plant resistance are: superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), Catalase (CAT) and Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX) as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants such as flavonoids, anthocyanins, Glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA). In the antioxidant system of plants, SOD first begins with O2-Conversion to H2O2And POD, CAT and APX have the general formula H2O2Conversion to H2The capacity of O. In addition, APX and POD are capable of catalyzing H2O2Direct oxidation of phenolic or aminic compounds, which participate in the GSH-AsA cycle. For plants, the GSH-AsA system plays an important role in regulating the cellular redox balance. AsA can also participate in H through the activity of APX2O2Conversion to H2A process of O; GSH has effects of eliminating H together with ascorbate reductase (DHAR) and Glutathione Reductase (GR)2O2OH and1O2the ability of the cell to perform. In addition, Cd in the overground part of the plant is mainly distributed in the cell wall and the soluble part, and the toxic effect of Cd on the subcellular localization of the plant disturbs the normal physiological metabolism of the plant, most of allEventually resulting in slow growth of the plant. The overground part plant reduces the transfer of Cd in the plant body mainly through the actions of cell wall fixation, cell soluble part chelation and the like, thereby relieving Cd toxicity. Studies have shown that thiol compounds play an important role in sequestering and fixing Cd, such as non-protein thiols (NPT) and chelatins (PCs). NPT is an essential substance for the synthesis of PCs, which can reduce the mobility of Cd in plants by forming ligand complexes with heavy metals in vacuoles.
Anthocyanin is a flavonoid compound produced by plants, and is a main known pigment substance for relieving heavy metal toxicity of plants at present. The natural anthocyanidin mainly comprises cyanidin, delphinidin, petunia pigment, pelargonidin, peoniflorin, and malvidin, and has chemical structure formula shown in figure 1. Research has shown that fruit or vegetable extracts rich in anthocyanin have certain antioxidant potential, such as honeysuckle, cabbage, blueberry, cranberry and the like; and effecting transfer in subcellular cells by glutathione S transferase or vesicle trafficking networks. In addition, heavy metal stress stimulates plants to produce more anthocyanins and is easily absorbed and transferred into vacuoles. Blueberry (blueberry Spp.) is the fruit with the highest known anthocyanin content, and the contained anthocyanin is mainly cyanidin. The existing research shows that under the treatment of exogenous anthocyanin, the CAT, APX and non-enzyme antioxidant content in Brazilian elodea are improved and the respiration is enhanced under the stress of Cd and Mn. Research on onion root tip cells by exogenous anthocyanins shows that the anthocyanins do not change mitosis of root tissue cells, but transport and fix Cd to vacuoles. Based on the research of the exogenous anthocyanin on onion root tip cells, the research of the exogenous anthocyanin on onion Pb absorption shows that the anthocyanin can form a strong ligand complex with heavy metal. The anthocyanin is a flavonoid compound, can chelate Pb in vacuole, and reduce the toxicity of Pb on onion.
At present, no research is available on the interaction between the exogenous anthocyanin-rich extract, rice and Cd.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a rice Cd-reducing foliage resistance control agent rich in anthocyanin and an application method thereof, and aims to obtain a blueberry extract rich in anthocyanin as a rice Cd-reducing foliage resistance control agent in a manner of simple process, low cost and high efficiency, so as to reduce the Cd content of rice grains in different Cd-polluted soil. According to the invention, the spraying of the anthocyanin-rich foliage resistance control agent can be presumed to reduce the oxidation damage of Cd to rice by adjusting an antioxidant system, and the Cd is isolated in rice leaf organelles and vacuoles, so that the purpose of reducing the Cd content of rice grains is achieved. The method can provide a theoretical basis for reducing the accumulation of Cd in rice grains in the soil with low Cd pollution.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
the anthocyanin-rich rice cadmium-reducing leaf surface control agent is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: blueberry extracts rich in anthocyanin are obtained by carrying out ultrasonic extraction on blueberries and are used as rice cadmium reduction leaf surface control agents.
The preparation method of the anthocyanin-rich rice cadmium reduction foliage resistance and control agent comprises the following steps:
(1) adding pure water into fresh blueberry fruits, grinding into blueberry juice, adding an extracting agent for ultrasonic extraction, and filtering to obtain an anthocyanin primary extract and residual pomace;
(2) adding an extracting agent into the residual pomace obtained in the step 1 for secondary ultrasonic extraction, and filtering to obtain an anthocyanin secondary extracting solution; combining the leaching liquor obtained twice, and centrifuging to obtain supernate, namely the high-concentration anthocyanin leaching liquor;
(3) and (3) carrying out reduced pressure concentration and vacuum drying on the high-concentration anthocyanin leaching liquor obtained in the step (2) to obtain the blueberry extract rich in anthocyanin, namely the rice cadmium-reducing leaf surface resistance control agent.
Further, in the step (1), the leaching agent is 75% (volume concentration, the same below) ethanol water solution, the mass ratio of the fresh blueberry fruit, the pure water and the leaching agent is 2:2:1, the leaching temperature of ultrasonic leaching is 50 ℃, the leaching time is 60min, the ultrasonic power is 3000-.
Further, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the leaching agent to the residual pomace is 1:1, the leaching temperature of the ultrasonic leaching is 50 ℃, the leaching time is 30min, the ultrasonic power is 3000-5000W, and the filtering is 100-mesh sieving.
Further, in the step (3), the pressure of the reduced pressure concentration is 0.1-0.3Mpa, the temperature is 25 ℃, the time is 60min, the vacuum degree of the vacuum drying is 0.05-0.08Mpa, the drying temperature is 50 ℃, and the time is 90 min.
The anthocyanin-rich blueberry extract obtained by the method has the extraction rate of 70-80% and the purity of 25-30%, and contains cyanidin as a main component; the main functional groups are-OH, -NH and C-O, C-O-C, the maximum absorption wavelength of a visible light region is 530nm, and the product contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloid, phenolic compounds and the like.
The blueberry extract rich in anthocyanin can be used as a rice Cd-reducing leaf surface resistance control agent for reducing the Cd content of rice grains, and the specific application method comprises the following steps: dissolving 2.5-12.5 g of the anthocyanin-rich rice cadmium-reducing leaf surface resistance and control agent in 1000mL of pure water to obtain a spare leaf surface resistance and control agent solution; and then uniformly spraying the leaf surface control agent solution on the surfaces of rice leaves.
Further, the effective period of spraying the foliage resistance and control agent solution is from the 5 th day of the tillering period and the 5 th day of the heading period of the rice, 4 times of spraying are respectively carried out, the interval of 7 days is kept, and the spraying amount of each time is 200mL/m2The spraying time is 17:00-19:00 in the afternoon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the blueberry extract rich in anthocyanin is obtained by adopting a mode of simple process, low cost and high efficiency, and is safe, efficient, non-toxic and harmless.
2. The foliage resistance and control agent used in the invention can be sprayed on the foliage by directly adding water, and has the advantages of convenient operation, easy acceptance and convenient popularization.
3. The leaf surface resistance control agent used in the invention has obvious effect on chlorophyll in rice leaves, can effectively enhance the chlorophyll content, improves the photosynthesis of rice, and promotes the growth of rice.
4. The foliage resistance and control agent used in the invention has certain oxidation potential, and can effectively reduce the oxidation stress of Cd on rice.
5. The foliage resistance and control agent used in the invention is a natural water-soluble flavonoid compound, can be absorbed by rice when being sprayed on the foliage, effectively chelates Cd in organelles and vacuoles, and reduces the transport of Cd from stems and leaves to seeds in the rice.
6. The method selects the common rice varieties of Zhendao 18 and Shenliangyou 870, and obviously reduces the content of Cd in rice grains in the soil environment polluted by low Cd by spraying the anthocyanin-rich foliage resistance and control agent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that need to be used in the technical solutions and embodiments description are briefly described below, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a chemical structural formula of anthocyanins (cyanidin: R1-OH, R2-H; delphinium pigment: R1-OH, R2-OH; petunia pigment: R1-OCH)3R2-OH; pelargonium pigment: R1-H, R2-H; peony pigment: R1-OCH3R2-H; malvidin: R1-OCH3、R2-OCH3。)；
FIG. 2 is a Fourier infrared spectrum of the anthocyanin-rich foliar resistance control agent obtained by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a visible light full-wavelength scanning and preliminary component screening chart of the anthocyanin-rich foliar retarding and controlling agent obtained in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the effect of spraying a foliar prevention and control agent rich in anthocyanin on the Cd content of rice grains in low-Cd-polluted soil;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the effect of spraying a foliage resistance and control agent rich in anthocyanin on the Cd content of rice grains in the high Cd-contaminated soil.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description will be given with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples are only some, but not all, of the examples of the present invention. Other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive changes, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a leaf surface resistance and control agent rich in anthocyanin, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding pure water accounting for 100% of the weight of the fresh blueberry fruits into the fresh blueberry fruits, and grinding the mixture into blueberry juice; adding 75% ethanol water solution with the mass of 50% of the pulp into the blueberry pulp juice, performing ultrasonic extraction (the extraction temperature is 50 ℃, the extraction time is 60min, and the ultrasonic power is 4000W), and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain an anthocyanin primary extract and residual fruit residues;
(2) adding 75% ethanol aqueous solution accounting for 100% of the residue mass into the residual pomace obtained in the step 1, performing secondary ultrasonic leaching (leaching temperature is 50 ℃, leaching time is 30min, and ultrasonic power is 4000W), and filtering to obtain anthocyanin secondary leaching liquor; combining the leaching liquor obtained twice, and centrifuging to obtain supernate, namely the high-concentration anthocyanin leaching liquor;
(3) and (3) carrying out reduced pressure concentration (the pressure is 0.1-0.3Mpa, the temperature is 25 ℃, the time is 60min) on the high-concentration anthocyanin leaching liquor obtained in the step (2), carrying out vacuum drying (the vacuum degree is 0.05-0.08Mpa, the drying temperature is 50 ℃, and the time is 90min) to obtain the blueberry extract rich in anthocyanin, namely the rice cadmium-reducing leaf surface resistance control agent.
To further illustrate the characteristics of the blueberry extract rich in anthocyanin obtained in this embodiment, the blueberry extract obtained in step (3) is characterized, fig. 2 is a fourier infrared spectrum of the foliar resistance and control agent rich in anthocyanin, and fig. 3 is a visible light full-wavelength scanning and preliminary component screening graph of the foliar resistance and control agent rich in anthocyanin. The results show that: the extraction rate of the anthocyanin in the blueberry extract is 70-80%, the purity of the anthocyanin is 25-30%, and cyanidin is taken as a main component; the main functional groups are-OH, -NH and C-O, C-O-C, the maximum absorption wavelength of a visible light region is 530nm, and the product contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloid, phenolic compounds and the like.
Example 2
Test background: the test soil is exogenousCd contaminated soil (CdCl)2Solution), the pH value of the soil is 6.97 +/-0.06, the Cd content of the soil is 1.06 +/-0.08 mg/kg, and the cation exchange capacity is 8.08 +/-0.77 c mol/kg. The rice variety is selected from Zhendao 18 and Shenliangyou 870. The following processing is set: exogenous Cd-contaminated soil + foliar spray deionized water (Cd1, a control group), exogenous Cd-contaminated soil + foliar spray 2.5g/L of a resistance-control agent (A1-Cd1), exogenous Cd-contaminated soil + foliar spray 5.0g/L of a resistance-control agent (A2-Cd1), exogenous Cd-contaminated soil + foliar spray 7.5g/L of a resistance-control agent (A3-Cd1), exogenous Cd-contaminated soil + foliar spray 10.0g/L of a resistance-control agent (A4-Cd1), exogenous Cd-contaminated soil + foliar spray 12.5g/L of a resistance-control agent (A5-Cd 1). The two rice varieties are respectively treated by 3 pots, 6 plants in each pot, and the total number of pots is 36. Uniformly spraying the leaf surface control agent with different concentrations and deionized water onto leaf surfaces (200 mL/m) from the 5 th day of the tillering stage and the 5 th day of the heading stage of rice2) The spraying is carried out for 4 times in each period, each time is 7 days, and the spraying time is 17:00-19:00 in the afternoon. And (4) randomly collecting rice in a mature period, and detecting the Cd content of grains.
As shown in fig. 4, the results show that:
(1) the Cd contents of the Zhendao 18 and Shenliangyou 870 grains sprayed with 7.5g/L and 10.0g/L of the control agent on the leaf surfaces are both obviously reduced and are lower than 0.2mg/kg, which accords with the national food safety standard GB 2762-2017; wherein, the effect of reducing Cd by spraying 7.5g/L on the leaf surface is the best.
(2) Compared with the control, the Cd contents of the Zhendao 18 and Shenliangyou 870 grains sprayed with the control agent at the leaf surface of 7.5g/L are respectively reduced by 46.88 percent and 57.62 percent.
Example 3
Test background: the test soil is exogenous Cd-polluted soil (CdCl)2Solution), the pH value of the soil is 6.87 +/-0.04, the Cd content of the soil is 10.08 +/-0.12 mg/kg, and the cation exchange capacity is 8.61 +/-1.22 c mol/kg. The rice variety is selected from Zhendao 18 and Shenliangyou 870. The following processing is set: exogenous Cd-contaminated soil + foliar spray deionized water (Cd10, control group), exogenous Cd-contaminated soil + foliar spray 2.5g/L of a control agent (A1-Cd10), exogenous Cd-contaminated soil + foliar spray 5.0g/L of a control agent (A2-Cd10), exogenous Cd-contaminated soil + foliar spray 7.5g/L of a control agent (A3-Cd10), exogenous Cd-contaminated soil + foliar spray 10.0g/L of a control agent (A4-Cd10), Cd-contaminated soilSpraying 12.5g/L of a control agent (A5-Cd10) on the soil and the leaf surfaces. The two rice varieties are respectively treated by 3 pots, 6 plants in each pot, and the total number of pots is 36. Uniformly spraying the leaf surface control agent with different concentrations and deionized water onto leaf surfaces (200 mL/m) from the 5 th day of the tillering stage and the 5 th day of the heading stage of rice2) The spraying is carried out for 4 times in each period, each time is 7 days, and the spraying time is 17:00-19:00 in the afternoon. And (4) randomly collecting rice in a mature period, and detecting the Cd content of grains.
As shown in fig. 5, the results show that:
(1) compared with the control, the Cd content of the Zhendao 18 grains sprayed with the control agent at the leaf surfaces of 5.0g/L, 7.5g/L and 10.0g/L is remarkably reduced by 14.93 percent, 19.40 percent and 17.91 percent respectively.
(2) Compared with the control, the Cd content of the Shenliangyou 870 grains sprayed with the control agent at the leaf surfaces of 7.5g/L and 10.0g/L is obviously reduced by 16.36 percent and 18.18 percent respectively.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The anthocyanin-rich rice cadmium-reducing leaf surface control agent is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: blueberry extracts rich in anthocyanin are obtained by carrying out ultrasonic extraction on blueberries and are used as rice cadmium reduction leaf surface control agents.
2. The preparation method of the anthocyanin-rich rice cadmium reduction foliar resistance and control agent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding pure water into fresh blueberry fruits, grinding into blueberry juice, adding an extracting agent for ultrasonic extraction, and filtering to obtain an anthocyanin primary extract and residual pomace;
(2) adding an extracting agent into the residual pomace obtained in the step 1 for secondary ultrasonic extraction, and filtering to obtain an anthocyanin secondary extracting solution; combining the leaching liquor obtained twice, and centrifuging to obtain supernate, namely the high-concentration anthocyanin leaching liquor;
(3) and (3) carrying out reduced pressure concentration and vacuum drying on the high-concentration anthocyanin leaching liquor obtained in the step (2) to obtain the blueberry extract rich in anthocyanin, namely the rice cadmium-reducing leaf surface resistance control agent.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the step (1), the leaching agent is 75% ethanol water solution, the mass ratio of the fresh blueberry fruits, pure water and the leaching agent is 2:2:1, the leaching temperature of ultrasonic leaching is 50 ℃, the leaching time is 60min, the ultrasonic power is 3000-5000W, and the filtration is 100-mesh sieve.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the step (2), the mass ratio of the leaching agent to the residual pomace is 1:1, the leaching temperature of ultrasonic leaching is 50 ℃, the leaching time is 30min, the ultrasonic power is 3000-5000W, and the filtering is 100-mesh sieving.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the step (3), the pressure of the reduced pressure concentration is 0.1-0.3Mpa, the temperature is 25 ℃, the time is 60min, the vacuum degree of the vacuum drying is 0.05-0.08Mpa, the drying temperature is 50 ℃, and the time is 90 min.
6. The application method of the anthocyanin-rich rice cadmium reduction foliar prevention and control agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application method comprises the following steps:
dissolving 2.5-12.5 g of the anthocyanin-rich rice cadmium-reducing leaf surface resistance and control agent in 1000mL of pure water to obtain a spare leaf surface resistance and control agent solution; and then uniformly spraying the leaf surface control agent solution on the surfaces of rice leaves.
7. The method of application according to claim 6, characterized in that: the effective period of spraying the foliage resistance control agent solution is from the 5 th day of the tillering stage and the 5 th day of the heading stage of rice, 4 times of spraying are respectively carried out, the interval of 7 days is kept for each time, and the spraying amount of each time is 200mL/m2The spraying time is 17:00-19:00 in the afternoon.
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