CN111771709A - Method for restoring seaweed bed in marine ecosystem - Google Patents
Method for restoring seaweed bed in marine ecosystem Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111771709A CN111771709A CN202010665074.2A CN202010665074A CN111771709A CN 111771709 A CN111771709 A CN 111771709A CN 202010665074 A CN202010665074 A CN 202010665074A CN 111771709 A CN111771709 A CN 111771709A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- seaweed
- transplanting
- plant
- sea
- grass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for restoring a seaweed bed in a marine ecosystem, which relates to the technical field of environmental management and has the technical scheme that: the method comprises the steps of seedling selection, transplanting preparation, transplanting management, fertilization management and monitoring management, the historical distribution types of the seaweed are selected through matching, the seaweed bed is repaired in a proper and stable area with a historical reference basis, and the survival rate and the growth quality of the seaweed bed are good. Through a scientific thinning technique, the growth of the original community is not influenced, but the healthy growth of the community is promoted, and the allopatric propagation effect of the seaweed is obviously improved; by fixing and optimizing the substrate, the micro-environment water flow is slowed down, suspended matters are settled, and nutritive salt is caught, so that the effects of stabilizing the substrate and fixing seaweed plants are achieved, the concentration of iron ions of a seaweed plant growth restriction factor is improved, and the growth of the seaweed is promoted. The method has the advantages that the rhizomes and leaves of the seaweed are managed, the hydrodynamic stable damage to the seaweed is reduced, the rhizomes and the tender leaves of seaweed plants are guaranteed to fully absorb nutrition, and the survival rate of the seaweed is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental management, in particular to a method for repairing a seaweed bed in a marine ecosystem.
Background
The marine ecological environment is a basic condition for the survival and development of marine organisms, any change of the ecological environment can cause the change of an ecological system and biological resources, the organic unity of seawater and the organic relation of physics, chemistry, biology and geology such as flow exchange and the like, so that the integrity and the composition of the sea are closely related, the change of one element of any sea area cannot be limited to a specific generated place, and the change can directly or indirectly affect and act on the adjacent sea area or other elements.
The disruption of the ecological balance of the ocean generally comes from two reasons, namely, the change of nature, such as natural disasters. Secondly, activities from human beings, one kind is unreasonable and over-intensive development and utilization of marine organism resources, for example, the wild fishing in offshore areas is abused, so that marine fishery resources are seriously declined; the other is that the space of marine environment is not properly utilized, which causes the occurrence of sea area pollution and the deterioration of ecological environment, such as reclamation cultivation, channel expansion, sea reclamation and the like of coastal wetland, inevitably changes the shape of a coast, reduces the tortuosity of a coast line, endangers a sea grass bed, reduces the habitat of marine organisms, destroys the marine ecological environment, reduces the diversity of the marine organisms and the like. The 'seagrass bed' (seaweeds bed) is one of the ecosystems with the highest productivity and service function value in the earth biosphere, and has irreplaceable ecological functions and huge economic value. However, since the sea bed is located at the land-sea junction, with the aggravation of human interference and the frequent occurrence of natural disasters, the global sea bed has been reduced at a rate of 7% per year since 1990, and by the time 29% of the sea farms have disappeared, about 14% (10) of the sea grass species are at risk of extinction. The degradation trend is not well restrained, and the influence of the degradation trend directly endangers the interests of contemporary people, is concerned with the welfare of people, and is particularly concerned with offspring and the future of ethnic families.
Therefore, the research on seaweed is becoming a focus of attention in the work of marine ecology and protection, and how to research and design a method for repairing a seaweed bed in a marine ecosystem is a problem which is urgently needed to be solved by the inventor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for restoring a seaweed bed in a marine ecosystem, which can carry out ecological restoration on the seaweed bed damaged and polluted in the marine ecosystem, has high seaweed planting survival rate and strong stability, and is beneficial to quick restoration of biological diversity.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the method for restoring the sea grass bed in the marine ecosystem comprises the following steps:
s1: seedling selection
Selecting seeds according to the historical distribution variety of the seaweed in the repair area and/or the nearby area, selecting a patch area with the seaweed coverage of more than 60 percent to perform seaweed thinning treatment, obtaining seaweed seed sources, and selecting healthy seaweed in the growth cycle in the thinning process; 1-2 large-plant seaweed plants are used as seedling units, and the completeness of root, stem and leaf is ensured; the small-plant seaweed is taken as a seedling unit by 25cm multiplied by 25cm grass blocks, and the thickness of the substrate is determined to ensure the integrity of the rootstocks.
S2: preparation for transplantation
Transplanting time: in the propagation expanding high-tide period after the growth of the seaweed in the low valley, the reasonable climate without high temperature, rainstorm and typhoon is selected for transplanting;
transplanting the area: selecting an area which has historical seaweed distribution and similar seaweed communities and has the environmental conditions of water depth, water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH value, transparency, substrate, illumination and the like of the seaweed bed distribution as a transplanting area, wherein the environmental conditions are similar to those of a sparsity land;
transplanting landforms: firstly, a bay with coral reefs or a lagoon sea area distributed by mangrove is selected, and a typical sea area distributed by coral reefs and mangrove ecosystems is more optimal by taking an intertidal zone which has shallow water, gentle slope in terrain, good sheltering condition and serious pollution as a transplanting section under natural conditions;
s3: transplantation management
Manufacturing a seabed iron enclosure sample frame with the size of 1m multiplied by 1 m; dividing the sample frame into 16 planting squares of 25cm multiplied by 25cm by using an iron sheet grating;
arranging and fixing the iron enclosure lattice frames in a transplanting land, transplanting seaweed seed sources to the center of the planting lattices, and burying roots and stems by using soil; covering a fishing net, fastening the fishing net on the sample frame by using a rolling belt or a rope, and compacting the fishing net by coral fragments and silt;
the adjacent seaweed sample frames are distributed at intervals, and the distance is 50 cm;
s4: fertilization management
Burying long-acting granulated compound fertilizer base fertilizer under the seabed of transplanted seaweed after transplanting, and preventing seedling plants from directly contacting with high concentration of fertilizer when applying the base fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer density is 40-60g/m2。
S5: custody management
And regularly checking the fixed sample frame, and cleaning the space occupied by the seaweed and covering the seaweed photosynthesis garbage, large seaweed and other factors interfering the growth of the seaweed.
Preferably, if the seaweed resources cannot be transplanted within a preset time, a culture pond is created to temporarily culture the seaweed, and the suitable temporary culture conditions are as follows: the coverage of the temporarily-cultured seaweed is not more than 50 percent, the height of the water body is 20-30cm higher than that of the seaweed, the illumination intensity is 5000-; the pH value is 7.9-8.1, the salinity is 28-34%, the temperature is 27 +/-3 ℃, the transparency is more than 3m, the dissolved oxygen is more than 6mg/L, and the water circulation is for a period of 8-24h or the flow rate is 10-20 cm/s; the substrate is selected from different substrate types and thicknesses according to different seaweeds, the principle is to ensure the complete root system, the substrate is sampled in the sea area where the seaweeds grow, and the garbage is picked up.
Preferably, the temporary culture environment condition of the seaweed is gradually adjusted to be similar to the transplantation place according to the environment of the transplantation sea area before the seaweed seed source is transplanted, the temporary culture temperature is controlled to be less than 2 ℃, the salinity is controlled to be less than 2, and the pH value is controlled to be less than 0.2.
Preferably, the seaweed coverage is measured by taking a 1m multiplied by 1m sample as a measuring unit, and the seaweed coverage in the sample is calculated by a visual measurement method or a marine vegetation coverage measuring method based on grb + grid mode.
Preferably, the seaweed seed source is a large-plant seaweed or a small-plant seaweed;
if the large-plant seaweed is transplanted, planting 1-2 plants in 25cm × 25cm planting grids, and covering with 0.5-1cm mesh of fishing net;
for transplanting small-plant seaweed, transplanting small-plant grass blocks in planting squares of 25cm × 25cm at intervals of 1, and covering with fishing net of 3-5cm mesh.
Preferably, the large-plant seaweed is at least one of calamus, tylicapnos, aleurites rotundifolia and coniferous grass, and the small-plant seaweed is at least one of unimai-Chinese herbal medicine, lolium ovalifolium, beckia salt and pinnatifida.
Preferably, the large-plant seaweed is transported by water, and a water source is from the open forest sea area, so that the seaweed is prevented from being exposed to sunlight and rain for a long time; the small-plant seaweed is transported by taking substrate and water as a carrier, and the carrier is from the open forest sea area, so that the seaweed is prevented from being exposed to sunlight and rain for a long time. The sea grass can be transported by adopting containers such as a foam box, a sorting box and the like.
Preferably, the small-plant seaweed maintains the integrity of the root, stem and leaf of the seaweed, and the large-plant seaweed needs to trim one third to two thirds of the leaves of the seaweed to ensure that the leaf length is below 20 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the historical distribution types of the seaweed are selected through matching, and the seaweed bed is repaired in a proper and stable area with historical reference basis, so that the survival rate and the growth quality are good.
2. Through a scientific thinning technique, the growth of the original community is not influenced, but the healthy growth of the community is promoted, and the allopatric propagation effect of the seaweed is obviously improved;
3. the cover of the fishing net can not only net transplanted seaweed, grass blocks and bottom materials of the seaweed, but also block silt from directly burying, slow down water flow of a microenvironment, settle suspended matters and catch nutritive salt, so that the effects of stabilizing the bottom materials and fixing seaweed plants are achieved, the concentration of iron ions of a plant growth limiting factor in the sea is improved, and the growth of the seaweed is promoted. And the repaired seaweed can form a relatively neat patch shape after growing up, so that a seaweed bed with connected pieces can be formed by pointing and kneading.
4. The method has the advantages that the rhizomes and leaves of the seaweed are managed, the hydrodynamic stable damage to the seaweed is reduced, the rhizomes and the tender leaves of seaweed plants are guaranteed to fully absorb nutrition, and the survival rate of the seaweed is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples.
The ecological restoration of the seaweed selects the Gaoluwan sea area near the Qinglan harbor. The drop points are 19 degrees 29 '24.905' N and 110 degrees 48 '53.658' E.
Example (b): the method for restoring the sea grass bed in the marine ecosystem comprises the following steps:
step one, seedling selection
And (3) selecting seeds according to the historical distribution types of the seaweeds in the repair area and/or the nearby area, and preferentially selecting dominant seeds or more environment-adaptive types. The seaweed coverage not only reflects the degree of locking of the seaweed and the degree of utilizing living space, but also can reflect the degree of directly utilizing photosynthesis of the seaweed. Therefore, the scientific thinning technique not only does not influence the growth of the original community, but also promotes the healthy growth of the original community, and obviously improves the allopatric propagation effect of the seaweed. And (4) obtaining the natural distribution condition of the seaweed through seaweed resource environment investigation. And selecting a patch area with the seaweed coverage of more than 60 percent to carry out seaweed thinning treatment to obtain a seaweed seed source, and selecting healthy tender plants or grass blocks in the growth cycle in the thinning process.
The large-plant seaweed generally adopts a single-plant transplanting method, and has the advantages of reducing the damage of the protoflora and having high survival rate. The small-plant seaweed is generally processed by a grass block method, so that the stability of the seaweed is improved, the microenvironment is maintained, and the survival rate is improved. The seaweed coverage is measured by taking a 1m multiplied by 1m sample as a measuring unit, and the seaweed coverage in the sample is calculated by an eye measuring method or a measuring method of the marine vegetation coverage based on grb + grid mode. Ensure that the plaque coverage after the thinning treatment is kept above 60 percent.
Step two, transporting the sea grass seed source
The transportation of large-plant seaweed from seaweed sources adopts water transportation, and the water source comes from the open forest sea area, so that the long-time exposure of the seaweed to sunlight and rain can be avoided. The small-plant seaweed is transported by taking substrate and water as a carrier, and the carrier is from the open forest sea area, so that the seaweed is prevented from being exposed to sunlight and rain for a long time. The sea grass can be transported by adopting containers such as a foam box, a sorting box and the like.
If the seaweed resources can not be transplanted within the preset time, establishing a culture pond to temporarily culture the seaweed, wherein the suitable temporary culture conditions are as follows: the coverage of the temporarily-cultured seaweed is not more than 50 percent, the height of the water body is 20-30cm higher than that of the seaweed, the illumination intensity is 5000-; the pH value is 7.9-8.1, the salinity is 28-34%, the temperature is 27 +/-3 ℃, the transparency is more than 3m, the dissolved oxygen is more than 6mg/L, and the water circulation is for a period of 8-24h or the flow rate is 10-20 cm/s; the substrate is selected from different substrate types and thicknesses according to different seaweeds, the principle is to ensure the complete root system, the substrate is sampled in the sea area where the seaweeds grow, and the garbage is picked up.
Step three, transplanting preparation
Since the growth state of the seaweed presents a certain seasonality, the transplanting time has a large influence on the survival and growth of the seaweed, and the optimal transplanting time is generally after the growth of the seaweed in the valley, so that the optimal propagation and climax can be met, and the seaweed transplanting work in the seasons of continuous high temperature, heavy rain and typhoon can be avoided, so that the method is generally recommended to be relatively suitable in winter and spring in the south.
The seaweed planting field preferably selects a bay with coral reefs or a lagoon sea area distributed by mangrove as far as possible, and takes natural conditions of shallow water, gentle slopes on terrain, good sheltering conditions and serious non-pollution intertidal zones as transplanting fields, so that the sea area distributed by the typical coral reefs and mangrove forest ecosystem is more optimal. And the sea grass distribution is historically selected, the sea grass communities are similar, and the environment conditions of the sea grass distribution, such as water depth, water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH value, transparency, substrate, illumination and the like, are similar to those of the open forest land.
Step four, transplanting management
Manufacturing a seabed iron enclosure sample frame with the size of 1m multiplied by 1 m; the sample frame is divided into 16 planting squares of 25cm × 25cm by using an iron sheet grid. Arranging and fixing the iron enclosure lattice frames in a transplanting land, transplanting seaweed seed sources to the center of the planting lattices, and burying roots and stems by using soil; covering the fishing net, fastening the fishing net on the sample frame by using a rolling belt or a rope, and compacting the fishing net by coral fragments and silt. The adjacent seaweed sample frames are distributed at intervals, and the distance is 50 cm.
Above sea grass planting in-process fishing net cover not only can live in transplanting sea grass, grass piece and bottom material, and iron encloses grid style frame and also can block that silt directly buries to slow down microenvironment rivers, subside the suspended solid, catch nutritive salt, thereby reach the effect of stabilizing the bottom material and fixing the sea grass plant, improve the plant growth restriction factor iron ion concentration in the sea simultaneously, promote the sea grass to grow. After the sea grass substrate is repaired and stabilized, the sea grass is propagated to the edge of the sample, the iron frame and the fishing net are dismantled, and the sea grass can be recycled. The sea grass repaired in this way can form relatively neat patch shape after growing up, thus forming a sea grass bed with connected pieces by points and surfaces.
The seaweed source is large-plant seaweed or small-plant seaweed. The large-plant seaweed is at least one of Acorus calamus, Thalasia alata, Ustilago rotundus and Achillea alpina, and the small-plant seaweed is at least one of monomai two-herb, Ottelia ovalifolia, Becksalt grass and Lucifera pinnata. In case of large-plant seaweed transplantation, 1-2 plants are planted in 25cm × 25cm planting squares and covered with 0.5-1cm mesh of fishing net. Wherein, the Acorus calamus is planted by one plant in each planting square, and the Thalasia alata is planted by 1-2 plants in each planting square. For transplanting small-plant seaweed, transplanting small-plant grass blocks in planting squares of 25cm × 25cm at intervals of 1, and covering with fishing net of 3-5cm mesh.
In order to ensure the stability and the sufficient absorption of nutrients of the seaweed, the rhizome is planted and buried in the substrate, the stability of the substrate is ensured, whether the root system is exposed or not needs to be detected daily, and if the root system is exposed, corresponding measures are taken for burying. In addition, the small-plant seaweed keeps the integrity of the root, stem and leaf of the seaweed, the large-plant seaweed needs to trim one third to two thirds of the leaves of the seaweed, the leaf length is ensured to be 20-30cm, the hydrodynamic stable damage to the seaweed is reduced, the rhizomes and tender leaves of the seaweed plant are ensured to fully absorb nutrition, and the survival rate of the seaweed is improved.
Before the seaweed seed source is transplanted, the environmental condition of temporary sea grass culture is gradually adjusted to be similar to the transplantation place according to the environment of the transplanted sea area, the temporary culture temperature is controlled to be less than 2 ℃, the salinity is controlled to be less than 2, and the pH value is controlled to be less than 0.2.
Step five, fertilization management
The nutrient salt, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, is considered to be one of important environmental factors influencing the growth of the seaweed, and as the seaweed mainly absorbs the nutrient salt by the underground rootstocks, under the environment of low nutrient salt, the seaweed can absorb the nutrient salt from the interstitial water of sediments through roots or rhizomes to relieve the adverse effect of the low nutrient salt, the long-acting granulation compound fertilizer base fertilizer is preferably applied, the compound fertilizer can be buried under the seabed of the seaweed after transplantation, but the seedling plants are prevented from directly contacting with the fertilizer at high concentration, the general application range is 40-60g/m2。
Seventh, monitoring management
Regularly checking fixed sample prescriptions, removing harmful organisms, cleaning the space occupied by the seaweed, covering the seaweed photosynthesis garbage, large seaweed and other factors interfering the growth of the seaweed, regularly carrying out manual monitoring, and recording the ecological characteristics of the seaweed such as the specification, the coverage, the density, the tillering rate, the environmental conditions and the like.
Monitoring management and data statistical analysis
3 sections are arranged and penetrate through the seaweed repairing area, and the sections are distributed to cover the upper limit and the lower limit of seaweed distribution and the seaweed distribution center. Each section is provided with 3 station positions, each station position is provided with 2 sampling frames of 50 multiplied by 50cm, the number and the types of the seaweed are recorded, and photographing records are carried out. Meanwhile, according to the arrangement of the cross section, a measuring tape with the length of 50m and the scale (1cm) is selected to be arranged on a section with a flat cross section, an underwater digital camera is used for shooting from one end of an upper ruler of the cross section along the measuring tape, and after underwater shooting and shooting are finished, longitude and latitude coordinates of two ends of the cross section are measured by a GPS (global position system), so that an accurate position is provided for the next monitoring. And returning to the laboratory, and then interpreting on a computer to observe the distribution status of the seaweed under the tape.
The regression laboratory extracts, mines and statistically analyzes the biological index data of the image data, grasps the distribution range and the distribution area of the seaweed bed resources, and judges the coverage of the seaweed: the seaweed density calculated by the sample method, the shot video and the field survey are judged and read by adopting a visual method according to a reference standard. The monitoring items and analysis methods are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 monitoring items and analysis methods
2 monitoring activities are organized in 5 and 8 months in 2019 after the seaweed is planted, 13-15 days in 5-8 months in 2019, and the seaweed resource repairing group carries out the first monitoring work on the seaweed transplanted in 4 months. Through field statistics and indoor interpretation, the monitoring result is that the coverage range of the tylosin is 2.5% -6.00%, and the average coverage is 4.93%; the coverage range of the acorus calamus is 20.00-21.00%, and the average coverage is 21.10%. Carrying out secondary monitoring work on 22-23 days in 8 months in 2019, wherein the monitoring result is that the tylicapnos coverage range is 1.0-6.00%, and the average coverage is 4.71%; the coverage range of the acorus calamus is 20.00-21.00%, and the average coverage is 19.71%.
The deposit indices are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 index of deposits
The water quality index is shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 Water quality index
The results show that: the remediation zone is excellent in water quality and sediment status. The water quality inorganic nitrogen (ammonia, nitrite, nitrate) and active phosphate all meet the first type seawater quality standard; the contents of sulfide, organic carbon, copper, lead, zinc and cadmium of the sediment meet the first kind of sediment standard.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for restoring the seaweed bed in the marine ecosystem is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: seedling selection
Selecting seeds according to the historical distribution variety of the seaweed in the repair area and/or the nearby area, selecting a patch area with the seaweed coverage of more than 60 percent to perform seaweed thinning treatment, obtaining seaweed seed sources, and selecting healthy seaweed in the growth cycle in the thinning process; 1-2 large-plant seaweed plants are used as seedling units, and the completeness of root, stem and leaf is ensured; the small-plant seaweed takes 10cm multiplied by 10cm grass blocks as seedling units, and the thickness of a substrate is determined by ensuring the integrity of rootstocks;
s2: preparation for transplantation
Transplanting time: in the propagation expanding high-tide period after the growth of the seaweed in the low valley, the reasonable climate without high temperature, rainstorm and typhoon is selected for transplanting;
transplanting the area: selecting an area which has historical seaweed distribution and similar seaweed communities and has the environmental conditions of water depth, water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH value, transparency, substrate, illumination and the like of the seaweed bed distribution as a transplanting area, wherein the environmental conditions are similar to those of a sparsity land;
transplanting landforms: firstly, a bay with coral reefs or a lagoon sea area distributed by mangrove is selected, and a typical sea area distributed by coral reefs and mangrove ecosystems is more optimal by taking an intertidal zone which has shallow water, gentle slope in terrain, good sheltering condition and serious pollution as a transplanting section under natural conditions;
s3: transplantation management
Manufacturing a seabed iron enclosure sample frame with the size of 1m multiplied by 1 m; dividing the sample frame into 16 planting squares of 25cm multiplied by 25cm by using an iron sheet grating;
large-plant seaweed: arranging and fixing the iron enclosure lattice frames in a transplanting land, transplanting seaweed seed sources to the center of the planting lattices, and burying roots and stems by using soil; covering a fishing net, fastening the fishing net on the sample frame by using a rolling belt or a rope, and compacting the fishing net by coral fragments and silt;
small-plant seaweed: arranging and fixing the iron enclosure lattice sample frame on a transplanting ground, excavating soil on the transplanting lattice, transplanting grass blocks to the center of the planting lattice, covering a fishing net, fastening the grass blocks on the sample frame by using a rolling belt or a rope, and then burying gaps by using the soil through pressing by coral fragments and silt;
the adjacent seaweed sample frames are distributed at intervals, and the distance is 50 cm;
s4: fertilization management
Burying long-acting granulated compound fertilizer base fertilizer under the seabed of transplanted seaweed after transplanting, and preventing seedling plants from directly contacting with high concentration of fertilizer when applying the base fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer density is 40-60g/m2；
S5: custody management
And regularly checking the fixed sample frame, removing harmful organisms, cleaning up the space occupied by the seaweed and covering the seaweed photosynthesis garbage, large seaweed and other factors interfering the growth of the seaweed.
2. The method for remediating a sea bed in a marine ecosystem of claim 1, wherein: if the seaweed resources can not be transplanted within the preset time, establishing a culture pond to temporarily culture the seaweed, wherein the suitable temporary culture conditions are as follows: the coverage of the temporarily-cultured seaweed is not more than 50 percent, the height of the water body is 20-30cm higher than that of the seaweed, the illumination intensity is 5000-; the pH value is 7.9-8.1, the salinity is 28-34%, the temperature is 27 +/-3 ℃, the transparency is more than 3m, the dissolved oxygen is more than 6mg/L, and the water circulation is for a period of 8-24h or the flow rate is 10-20 cm/s; the substrate is selected from different substrate types and thicknesses according to different seaweeds, the principle is to ensure the complete root system, the substrate is sampled in the sea area where the seaweeds grow, and the garbage is picked up.
3. The method for remediating a sea bed in a marine ecosystem of claim 1, wherein: before the seaweed seed source is transplanted, the temporary sea grass culture environment condition is gradually adjusted to be similar to the transplantation place according to the environment of the transplanted sea area, the temporary culture temperature is controlled to be less than 2 ℃, the salinity is controlled to be less than 2, and the pH value is controlled to be less than 0.2.
4. The method for remediating a sea bed in a marine ecosystem of claim 1, wherein: the seaweed coverage is measured by taking a 1m multiplied by 1m sample as a measuring unit, and the seaweed coverage in the sample is calculated by an eye measuring method or a measuring method of the marine vegetation coverage based on grb + grid mode.
5. The method for remediating a sea bed in a marine ecosystem of claim 1, wherein: the seaweed seed source is large-plant seaweed or small-plant seaweed;
if the large-plant seaweed is transplanted, planting 1-2 plants in 25cm × 25cm planting grids, and covering with 0.5cm-1cm mesh of fishing net;
for transplanting small-plant seaweed, transplanting small-plant grass blocks in planting squares of 25cm × 25cm at intervals of 1, and covering with fishing net of 3-5cm mesh.
6. The method for remediating a sea bed in a marine ecosystem of claim 1, wherein: the large-plant seaweed is at least one of Acorus calamus, Tailai grass, Ustilago virens and coniferous grass, and the small-plant seaweed is at least one of monomai Biherb, Ottelia ovalifolia, Becksalt grass and Lucifera pinnata.
7. The method for remediating a sea bed in a marine ecosystem of claim 1, wherein: the large-plant seaweed is transported by water, and a water source comes from the open forest sea area, so that the seaweed is prevented from being exposed to sunlight and rain for a long time; the small-plant seaweed is transported by taking substrate and water as a carrier, and the carrier is from the open forest sea area, so that the seaweed is prevented from being exposed to sunlight and rain for a long time. The sea grass can be transported by adopting containers such as a foam box, a sorting box and the like.
8. The method for remediating a sea bed in a marine ecosystem of claim 1, wherein: the small-plant seaweed keeps the integrity of the root, stem and leaf of the seaweed, and the large-plant seaweed needs to trim one third to two thirds of the leaves of the seaweed, so that the leaf length is ensured to be below 20 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010665074.2A CN111771709A (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-07-10 | Method for restoring seaweed bed in marine ecosystem |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010665074.2A CN111771709A (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-07-10 | Method for restoring seaweed bed in marine ecosystem |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111771709A true CN111771709A (en) | 2020-10-16 |
Family
ID=72767350
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010665074.2A Pending CN111771709A (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-07-10 | Method for restoring seaweed bed in marine ecosystem |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111771709A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113537174A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-10-22 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Coral reef habitat survey video analysis method |
| CN114097597A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-01 | 国家海洋局北海环境监测中心 | Low tide level seaweed bed prosthetic devices |
| CN115443901A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-09 | 海南大学 | Breeding method of lolium ovale and repairing method of seaweed bed |
| CN115530067A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-30 | 中国海洋大学 | Eel grass patch grass bed in-situ ecological restoration method |
| CN116177757A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-05-30 | 海南大学 | Comprehensive treatment method for seawater nitridation |
| CN117721111A (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-03-19 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Mangrove plant avicennia marina endogenous promoter AMGT1P5 and application thereof |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1943318A (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2007-04-11 | 威海西港水产刺参原种场有限公司 | Full artificial seedling nursing technology for sargassum thunbergii |
| CN102613066A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-08-01 | 广西红树林研究中心 | Shallow sea grass bed restoration method |
| CN103385170A (en) * | 2013-07-14 | 2013-11-13 | 上海海洋大学 | A seedling cultivation method for Sargassum vachellianum greville by using tissue culture |
| CN103651095A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-26 | 安徽理工大学 | Large-scale seaweed seedling culturing and transplanting method |
| JP2014076024A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2014-05-01 | Toa Harbor Works Co Ltd | Method of transferring seaweed |
| CN109169250A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of device and method applied to tropical islands and reefs sea grass transplanting |
| CN109271919A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-25 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院（海南省海洋开发规划设计研究院） | A kind of vegetation coverage measuring method based on grb and mesh model |
| CN109430042A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-08 | 烟台市水产研究所 | A kind of method of quick construction Zostera marina sea grass bed |
| KR20190039040A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-04-10 | 황용안 | Laver farming net and its manufacture method |
| CN110291910A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-01 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Heavy metal treatment systems suitable for sea grass protection zone |
-
2020
- 2020-07-10 CN CN202010665074.2A patent/CN111771709A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1943318A (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2007-04-11 | 威海西港水产刺参原种场有限公司 | Full artificial seedling nursing technology for sargassum thunbergii |
| CN102613066A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-08-01 | 广西红树林研究中心 | Shallow sea grass bed restoration method |
| JP2014076024A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2014-05-01 | Toa Harbor Works Co Ltd | Method of transferring seaweed |
| CN103385170A (en) * | 2013-07-14 | 2013-11-13 | 上海海洋大学 | A seedling cultivation method for Sargassum vachellianum greville by using tissue culture |
| CN103651095A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-26 | 安徽理工大学 | Large-scale seaweed seedling culturing and transplanting method |
| CN109169250A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of device and method applied to tropical islands and reefs sea grass transplanting |
| CN109271919A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-25 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院（海南省海洋开发规划设计研究院） | A kind of vegetation coverage measuring method based on grb and mesh model |
| CN109430042A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-08 | 烟台市水产研究所 | A kind of method of quick construction Zostera marina sea grass bed |
| KR20190039040A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-04-10 | 황용안 | Laver farming net and its manufacture method |
| CN110291910A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-01 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Heavy metal treatment systems suitable for sea grass protection zone |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 人民网: "在海底种一片草原", 《HTTPS://BAIJIAHAO.BAIDU.COM/S?ID=1669157856090109679&WFR=SPIDER&FOR=PC》 * |
| 邱广龙等: "广西潮间带海草的移植恢复", 《海洋科学》 * |
| 郭文等: "《渔业技术与健康养殖2015-2016》", 31 December 2017, 中国海洋大学出版社 * |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113537174A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-10-22 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Coral reef habitat survey video analysis method |
| CN113537174B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-28 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | Coral reef habitat survey video analysis method |
| CN114097597A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-01 | 国家海洋局北海环境监测中心 | Low tide level seaweed bed prosthetic devices |
| CN114097597B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-11-04 | 国家海洋局北海环境监测中心 | Low tide level seaweed bed prosthetic devices |
| CN115530067A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-30 | 中国海洋大学 | Eel grass patch grass bed in-situ ecological restoration method |
| CN115530067B (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2024-01-19 | 中国海洋大学 | Eel grass plaque grass bed in-situ ecological restoration method |
| CN115443901A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-09 | 海南大学 | Breeding method of lolium ovale and repairing method of seaweed bed |
| CN115443901B (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2023-12-01 | 海南大学 | Breeding method of salicornia ovalifolia and repairing method of seaweed bed |
| CN116177757A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-05-30 | 海南大学 | Comprehensive treatment method for seawater nitridation |
| CN117721111A (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-03-19 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Mangrove plant avicennia marina endogenous promoter AMGT1P5 and application thereof |
| CN117721111B (en) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-06-07 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Mangrove plant avicennia marina endogenous promoter AMGT P5 and application thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111771709A (en) | Method for restoring seaweed bed in marine ecosystem | |
| Wilson et al. | Species richness, survivorship, and biomass accumulation along an environmental gradient | |
| Zhou et al. | Restoring eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) habitats using a simple and effective transplanting technique | |
| Kenworthy et al. | Production, decomposition, and heterotrophic utilization of the seagrass Halophila decipiens in a submarine canyon | |
| Chiu et al. | Carbon budget of leaves of the tropical intertidal seagrass Thalassia hemprichii | |
| Hatcher et al. | Growth of the kelp Ecklonia radiata near the northern limit of its range in Western Australia | |
| Milbrandt et al. | The role of saltwort (Batis maritima L.) in regeneration of degraded mangrove forests | |
| CN109101707A (en) | A method of for simulating Shallow Lake Ecosystems model | |
| Velmurugan et al. | Effect of land shaping on soil properties and crop yield in tsunami inundated coastal soils of Southern Andaman Island | |
| Wakibia et al. | Factors influencing the growth rates of three commercial eucheumoids at coastal sites in southern Kenya | |
| Ali et al. | Impact of riparian trees shade on aquatic plant abundance in conservation islands | |
| Guagnin et al. | A tale of two hearth sites: Neolithic and intermittent mid to late Holocene occupations in the Jubbah oasis, northern Saudi Arabia | |
| Alsumaiti et al. | Mangroves among most carbon-rich ecosystem living in hostile saline rich environment and mitigating climate change–a case of Abu Dhabi | |
| Meichssner et al. | Experimental testing of density-and season-dependent growth in vegetative Fucus aquaculture and modelling of growth over one year for different cultivation scenarios | |
| Carpenter et al. | Effects of fish nests on pattern and zonation of submersed macrophytes in a softwater lake | |
| Yamaguchi et al. | Archaeological Investigation of the Landscape History of an Oceanic Atoll: Majuro, Marshall Islands 1 | |
| Sahu | Status of Soil in Purba Medinipur District, West Bengal–A Review | |
| Rahmania et al. | Evaluating the effectiveness of mangroves rehabilitation efforts by comparing the beta diversity of rehabilitated and natural mangroves | |
| Thorsen et al. | Internal nutrient loading controls macroalgal and cyanobacterial succession in a coastal lagoon restored by managed realignment of agricultural land | |
| Monthum et al. | The Effect of Shore Height on the Distribution of Upper Intertidal Seagrass in the Andaman Sea, Thailand | |
| Ahmed et al. | The environmental and economic importance of Astragalus Spinosus in land restoration | |
| Octavina et al. | Community structure of mangrove in Lambadeuk village, Aceh Besar regency, Indonesia | |
| Walker | The processes controlling primary succession on an Alaskan flood plain | |
| Zawatski | Carbon Exchange and Sediment Deposition in a Heterogeneous New England Salt Marsh | |
| Giardina et al. | Hawaii and US Affiliated Pacific Islands |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |