CN111770389A - PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on multicast and unicast mixed strategy - Google Patents
PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on multicast and unicast mixed strategy Download PDFInfo
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- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/637—Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components
- H04N21/6375—Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components for requesting retransmission, e.g. of data packets lost or corrupted during transmission from server
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
- H04N21/23106—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion involving caching operations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/439—Processing of audio elementary streams
- H04N21/4394—Processing of audio elementary streams involving operations for analysing the audio stream, e.g. detecting features or characteristics in audio streams
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/44008—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving operations for analysing video streams, e.g. detecting features or characteristics in the video stream
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on a multicast and unicast mixed strategy, which realizes the frame supplementing of data by using a UDP unicast and multicast mixed strategy, has different network environments (the ground network environment is relatively wider and has small limitation, the vehicle-mounted network bandwidth is strictly limited) for ground broadcast control and vehicle-mounted broadcast control, has different broadcast control numbers (the ground broadcast control number is huge and the vehicle-mounted network is relatively limited), adopts the UDP unicast and multicast mixed frame supplementing strategy, broadcasts and controls the multicast frame supplementing facing the ground, broadcasts and controls the multicast frame supplementing facing the vehicle-mounted network, totally and effectively saves the network bandwidth for frame supplementing, and reduces the overhead of a streaming media service end. The original audio and video frame transmission and frame supplement are two independent actions, and the packaging format of the original audio and video frame is kept unchanged, so that the method has stronger application scene adaptability: for example, some clients (such as a play controller) do not support the frame complementing protocol, and the system can work normally under the condition that packet loss is not obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of informatization, in particular to a PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on a multicast and unicast mixed strategy.
Background
In the urban rail transit industry, a Passenger Information System (PIS) is an essential part of informatization construction and generally comprises a center subsystem, a station subsystem, a vehicle-mounted subsystem, a network subsystem and the like. The central subsystem (as a server) pushes train information, live video stream, advertisement information and the like to a playing controller (as a client) of a station through a network technology, wherein the process of pushing network data involves the use of TCP (transmission control protocol) or UDP (user datagram protocol).
The ground network is generally stable, and the packet loss rate is very low; when the vehicle-ground wireless network is used for transmitting the video stream to a running train, the frequent switching of the base stations may cause high packet loss rate, so that the phenomena of sound blockage, video screen splash and the like of a vehicle-mounted playing picture occur. How to eliminate the phenomenon needs to think of a method at an application layer and a network layer, eliminate or reduce the probability of audio and video frame loss caused by network packet loss, and perform frame supplementing or a packet supplementing function aiming at a specific data packet when abnormal.
The frame or packet padding is typically done based on point-to-point UDP unicast. In the PIS system, the streaming server generally transmits a video stream to each playback controller by UDP multicast, and the playback controller accordingly receives the output of the streaming server by UDP multicast. When the application layer of the play controller detects that the video stream has frame loss or packet loss, the play controller sends a request to the streaming media server through a UDP protocol, and the streaming media server is required to retransmit the audio/video frame or data packet which is not received by the play controller side. The streaming media server responds to the request and retransmits the corresponding audio and video frames or data packets to the playing controller which makes the request through UDP unicast.
At the application layer, frame or packet complementing based on point-to-point UDP unicast has the following disadvantages:
network bandwidth requirements can be high: under the condition of networking application of a large number of play controllers, if frames are lost or packet loss is serious, a plurality of play controllers can make a reissue request, a streaming media server responds accordingly, the bandwidth consumption of the streaming media server is uncertain, and high requirements can be made on the bandwidth, so that difficulties are brought from planning and designing of the bandwidth to actual application supply;
the overhead of the streaming media server is high: since all the retransmission requests of the playback controllers require the streaming media service endpoint to respond point-to-point, the pressure of the service end is very high under the conditions of a large number of playback controllers and high frame loss or packet loss rate, and even a special frame or packet supplementing server needs to be considered to be arranged to respond.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on a multicast and unicast mixed strategy so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a unicast frame supplementing algorithm of a PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on a multicast and unicast mixed strategy comprises the following steps:
A. the server sends original audio and video data frames at intervals;
B. after receiving the data frame, the client calculates the feature code of the data frame and sends a packet header containing the feature code to the server;
C. if the server side receives the packet header message, whether the data packet exists or not is searched from the data buffer area, if the data packet does not exist, the message is discarded, and if the data packet exists, whether the packet header is the same or not is verified;
D. the client only receives the packet header sent to the server before, which indicates that the data frame is successfully transmitted without packet supplement; if the new packet header and the feature codes of the data packets are received, the data frames are lost, and packet supplement is required;
E. the client applies for a small packet patch package from the server;
F. if the server side receives the message of applying for the unicast small packet supplement, whether the data small packet exists or not is searched from the data buffer area;
G. the client receives the data packet, checks whether the packet is correct within the packet supplementing time, and repeats the steps C-F until the packet supplementing is successful; and if the packet complementing time is exceeded, the whole data frame is discarded.
A multicast frame supplementing algorithm of a PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on a multicast and unicast mixed strategy comprises the following steps:
a. the server sends original audio and video data frames at intervals;
b. the server side simultaneously sends a custom packet header of the audio and video data frame, and the custom packet header comprises a feature code of the server side and feature codes of all data packets;
c. the client receives the packet header and checks whether all the feature codes in the packet header are correct or not;
d. the client calculates another feature code according to the received data packet, compares the feature code with the received correct packet header feature code, and judges whether the calculated feature codes are correct or not, and the process can judge whether the data frame loses packets or not;
e. the client applies for multicast packet supplement;
f. the server receives the packet supplementing messages of the application packet header and the packet body, caches the messages needing to apply for the multicast packet supplementing to a message buffer area, analyzes the messages in the buffer area within 50ms, filters the same messages and then supplements the packets;
g. the client receives the packet header and the data packet, and repeats the steps c-e; and d, the client receives the data packet, and repeats the steps d-e until the packet supplement is completed within the packet supplement time.
In practical application, according to the characteristics of a ground network and a vehicle-mounted network, a mixing strategy is adopted: and the multicast frame supplement is used for the ground play controller, and the unicast frame supplement is used for the vehicle-mounted play controller.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention uses unicast and multicast mixed strategy to supplement frame, having strong practical applicability, wherein the multicast mode transmits the supplement packet stream, the supplement packet stream is shared by a plurality of play controllers, if the play controllers find that the supplement packet stream is not needed by themselves, the supplement packet stream can be simply discarded; if necessary, the material is taken down for use. By using the method, the bandwidth of the supplementary packet stream is basically equal to or slightly more than that of the original video stream in the worst case, the certainty is strong, the response stream adopts multicast transmission under partial conditions, and the repeated transmission is basically eliminated, thereby reducing the overhead of the streaming media server.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall scheme block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of unicast and multicast supplementary packet of the server.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of client unicast padding.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the server multicast padding.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of client multicast padding- "check and correct feature code".
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of client multicast padding.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-6, in an embodiment of the present invention, a unicast policy-based PIS frame-filling algorithm includes the following steps:
A. the server sends original audio and video data frames at intervals in a UDP multicast (238.1.1.100:1234) mode;
B. after receiving the data frame, the client calculates the feature code of the data frame and sends a packet header containing the feature code to the server in a unicast (ip: 1235) mode;
C. if the server side receives the packet header message, whether the data packet exists or not is searched from the data buffer area, if the data packet does not exist, the message is discarded, if the data packet exists, whether the packet header is the same or not is verified, if the packet header is the same, the server side responds to the packet header in a unicast mode (client side ip:1236), and the successful transmission of the data frame is shown; if the packet headers are different, the packet headers and the verification codes of the data packets are responded to the client again in a unicast mode (the client ip:1236), and packet loss of the data frames is shown;
D. the client only receives the packet header sent to the server before, which indicates that the data frame is successfully transmitted without packet supplement; if the new packet header and the feature codes of the data packets are received, the data frames are lost, and packet supplement is required;
E. the client applies for packet supplement of the small packet to the server, and the time of the whole packet supplement process is 700 ms;
F. if the server receives the message of applying for the unicast small packet supplement, the server searches whether the data small packet exists in the data buffer area, if the data small packet does not exist, the server discards the message, and if the data small packet exists, the server responds to the specified data small packet in a unicast (client ip:1236) mode;
G. the client receives the data packet. Checking whether the small packet is correct or not within the packet supplementing time, and repeating the steps C-F until the packet supplementing is successful; and if the packet complementing time is exceeded, discarding the whole data frame (judging the type of the packet for the packet which is not complemented, and if the packet carries key information, actively discarding the corresponding data frame).
Example 2: a PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on a multicast strategy comprises the following steps:
A. the server sends original audio and video data frames at intervals in a UDP multicast (238.1.1.100:1234) mode;
B. the server side can simultaneously send the self-defined packet header of the audio and video data frame in a UDP multicast (238.1.1.110:1237) mode, wherein the self-defined packet header comprises the feature codes of the server side and the feature codes of all data packets;
C. and the client receives the packet header and checks whether all the feature codes in the packet header are correct or not. If the result is correct, the next step is executed, and if the result is incorrect, a packet head supplement is applied;
D. the packet header feature code is correct, and the client calculates another feature code according to the received data packet, compares the another feature code with the received packet header feature code, and judges whether the calculated feature codes are correct or not; the process can judge whether the data frame is lost or not;
E. if the calculated feature code is correct, the packet is not needed to be supplemented; if not, a packet is lost and a packet supplement is required;
F. the server receives the packet supplementing information of the application packet header and the packet body, caches the information of the application multicast packet supplementing to the information buffer area, analyzes the buffer area information in 50ms, filters the same information, and multicasts the packet header and the feature packets of all the small packets to the client if the application packet header is supplemented. If the packet body supplement is applied, the data packet is multicast to the client.
G. The client receives the packet header and the data packet, and the step C-E is repeated again; and D-E is repeated when the client receives the data packet until the packet supplement is completed within 700 ms.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A unicast frame supplementing algorithm of a PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on a multicast and unicast mixed strategy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. the server sends original audio and video data frames at intervals;
B. after receiving the data frame, the client calculates the feature code of the data frame and sends a packet header containing the feature code to the server;
C. if the server side receives the packet header message, whether the data packet exists or not is searched from the data buffer area, if the data packet does not exist, the message is discarded, and if the data packet exists, whether the packet header is the same or not is verified;
D. the client only receives the packet header sent to the server before, which indicates that the data frame is successfully transmitted without packet supplement; if the new packet header and the feature codes of the data packets are received, the data frames are lost, and packet supplement is required;
E. the client applies for a small packet patch package from the server;
F. if the server side receives the message of applying for the unicast small packet supplement, whether the data small packet exists or not is searched from the data buffer area;
G. the client receives the data packet, checks whether the packet is correct within the packet supplementing time, and repeats the steps C-F until the packet supplementing is successful; and if the packet complementing time is exceeded, the whole data frame is discarded.
2. The unicast frame supplementing algorithm of the PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on the multicast and unicast mixing strategy according to claim 1, wherein the packet header of step B is sent in a unicast manner.
3. The unicast frame supplementing algorithm of the PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on the multicast and unicast mixed policy according to claim 1, wherein in step C, if the packet headers are the same, the packet header is responded to the client in a unicast manner, which indicates that the data frame is successfully transmitted; if the packet headers are different, the client side can respond to the packet headers and the verification codes of the data packets again in a unicast mode, and the packet loss of the data frames is shown.
4. The unicast frame supplement algorithm of the PIS frame supplement algorithm based on the multicast and unicast mixed strategy according to claim 1, wherein in step F, if there is no data packet, the message is dropped, and if there is data packet, the designated data packet is responded to the client in a unicast manner.
5. The unicast frame supplementing algorithm of the PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on the multicast and unicast mixed strategy according to claim 1, wherein in the step G, the type of the packet is judged for the packet whose packet supplementing is not completed, and if the packet carries the key information, the corresponding data frame is actively discarded.
6. A multicast frame supplementing algorithm of a PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on a multicast and unicast mixed strategy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. the server sends original audio and video data frames at intervals;
b. the server side simultaneously sends a custom packet header of the audio and video data frame;
c. the client receives the packet header and checks whether all the feature codes in the packet header are correct or not;
d. the client calculates another feature code according to the received data packet, compares the feature code with the received correct packet header feature code, and judges whether the calculated feature codes are correct or not, and the process can judge whether the data frame loses packets or not;
e. the client applies for multicast packet supplement;
f. the server receives the packet supplementing messages of the application packet header and the packet body, caches the messages needing to apply for the multicast packet supplementing to a message buffer area, analyzes the messages in the buffer area within 50ms, filters the same messages and then supplements the packets;
g. the client receives the packet header and the data packet, and repeats the steps c-e; and d, the client receives the data packet, and repeats the steps d-e until the packet supplement is completed within the packet supplement time.
7. The frame complementing multicast algorithm of the PIS frame complementing algorithm based on the hybrid multicast and unicast strategy of claim 6, wherein in the step b, the custom packet header is defined by the UDP frame complementing protocol of the present invention and contains the feature code of the packet header itself and the feature codes of all data packets.
8. The frame supplementing multicast algorithm according to claim 6, wherein the header is checked in step c, if correct, the next step is performed, and if incorrect, the header is applied for the frame supplementing multicast.
9. The multicast frame supplementing algorithm of the PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on the multicast and unicast mixed strategy according to claim 6, wherein in the step d, if the calculated feature codes are correct after comparison, no packet supplementation is needed; if not, the packet is lost and the packet is required to be applied for packet supplement.
10. The multicast frame supplementing algorithm of the PIS frame supplementing algorithm based on the multicast and unicast mixed strategy as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step f, if the packet header is applied for packet supplementing, the packet header and the feature packets of all the packets are multicast to the client; if the packet body supplement is applied, the data packet is multicast to the client. In practical application, according to the characteristics of a ground network and a vehicle-mounted network, a mixing strategy is adopted: and the multicast frame supplement is used for the ground play controller, and the unicast frame supplement is used for the vehicle-mounted play controller.
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