CN111767415B - Tile publishing method and device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents

Tile publishing method and device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium Download PDF

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CN111767415B
CN111767415B CN202010637802.9A CN202010637802A CN111767415B CN 111767415 B CN111767415 B CN 111767415B CN 202010637802 A CN202010637802 A CN 202010637802A CN 111767415 B CN111767415 B CN 111767415B
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folder
tiles
same
folders
original image
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CN111767415A (en
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熊文轩
周舒婷
敬君
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Chengdu Star Age Aerospace Technology Co ltd
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Chengdu Star Age Aerospace Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/50Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of still image data
    • G06F16/51Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/10File systems; File servers
    • G06F16/16File or folder operations, e.g. details of user interfaces specifically adapted to file systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/29Geographical information databases

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a tile publishing method, a tile publishing device, electronic equipment and a computer readable storage medium. In the process, only the metadata management table formed by the data information of the tiles is required to be published, and the data volume of the metadata management table is far smaller than that of the image, so that compared with a mode of publishing the image in the prior art, the data volume transmitted to the server is reduced, and the publishing time is correspondingly shortened. In addition, the data volume transmitted to the server is reduced, so that the requirement on the storage space of the server is reduced, and the problem of release failure possibly caused by insufficient storage space of the server is avoided.

Description

Tile publishing method and device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of remote sensing image processing, and particularly relates to a tile publishing method, a tile publishing device, electronic equipment and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
The commercial remote sensing satellite company publishes the tile data corresponding to the remote sensing image owned by the company to a data service platform (the process is called tile publishing), so that other users can view the corresponding image through the data service platform. Most remote sensing satellite companies generally adopt a reissuing mode, wherein the reissuing mode indicates that all tiles corresponding to remote sensing images are uploaded to a data service platform. However, because the data volume of the tiles corresponding to the remote sensing image is large, if all the tiles corresponding to the remote sensing image are published to the data service platform, the published data volume is increased, a large storage space of the data service platform is required, and the problem of failed publishing and the like may be caused when the transmitted data volume is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present application is to provide a tile publishing method, apparatus, electronic device and computer readable storage medium, which can reduce the amount of published data and reduce the requirement for the storage space of the server.
The embodiment of the application is realized as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a tile publishing method, where the method includes: determining tiles to be published from all tiles corresponding to the original image; acquiring data information of the tile to be issued; and generating a metadata management table according to the data information, and issuing the metadata management table to a server for storage. In the process, only the metadata management table formed by the data information of the tiles is required to be published, and the data volume of the metadata management table is far smaller than that of the image. In addition, the data volume transmitted to the server is reduced, so that the requirement on the storage space of the server is reduced, and the problem of release failure possibly caused by insufficient storage space of the server can be effectively avoided.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, all tiles corresponding to the original image are grouped into different Z folders in different time folders according to a tile hierarchy and a time corresponding to the original image, tiles in all Z folders belonging to a same time file have a same time, and tiles belonging to a same Z folder have a same hierarchy; determining the tiles to be published from all the tiles corresponding to the original image, including: determining all the tiles corresponding to each time folder as the tiles to be published; or selecting partial tiles from each Z folder in each time folder to determine the partial tiles as the tiles to be published.
With reference to the embodiment of the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, tiles included in each Z folder are grouped into different X folders included in the Z folder, and tiles belonging to the same X folder are in the same row and different columns in the original image; the file names of the tiles belonging to the same X folder comprise the column numbers of the tiles in the original image; the step of selecting partial tiles from each Z folder in each time folder and determining the partial tiles as the tiles to be published includes: traversing each X folder included in each Z folder in each time folder, and selecting a tile corresponding to the smallest column number included in the file name and a tile corresponding to the largest column number included in the file name from each X folder; and determining all the selected tiles as the to-be-published tiles.
With reference to the embodiment of the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, tiles belonging to the same X folder are arranged in an ascending or descending order of column numbers included in file names of the tiles, and before determining all selected tiles as the tiles to be published, the method further includes: and when determining that the column numbers included in the file names of the adjacent tiles belonging to the same X folder are discontinuous when traversing each X folder included in each Z folder in each time folder, selecting the adjacent tiles with discontinuous column numbers.
With reference to the embodiment of the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, tiles included in each Z folder are grouped into different X folders included in the Z folder, and tiles belonging to the same X folder are in the same row and different columns in the original image; the folder names of the X folders belonging to the same Z folder comprise the row numbers of the tiles included in the X folders in the original image, and the file names of the tiles belonging to the same X folder comprise the column numbers of the tiles in the original image; the step of selecting partial tiles from each Z folder in each time folder and determining the partial tiles as the tiles to be published includes: traversing each Z folder in each time folder, and selecting an X folder corresponding to the smallest row number included by the folder name and an X folder corresponding to the largest row number included by the folder name from each Z folder; selecting all tiles included in all selected X folders from each Z folder of each time folder; traversing all unselected X folders in each Z folder of each time folder, and selecting a tile corresponding to the smallest column number included by the file name and a tile corresponding to the largest column number included by the file name; and determining all the selected tiles as the to-be-published tiles.
With reference to the embodiment of the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the X folders belonging to the same Z folder are arranged in an order of increasing or decreasing line numbers included in folder names thereof, and before all tiles included in all selected X folders are selected, the method further includes: and when traversing each Z folder in each time folder, when determining that the row numbers included by the folder names of the adjacent X folders belonging to the same Z folder are not continuous, selecting all the X folders with discontinuous row numbers, and selecting all the tiles included in the selected X folders.
With reference to the embodiment of the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, tiles belonging to the same X folder are arranged in an ascending or descending order of column numbers included in file names of the tiles, and before determining all selected tiles as the tiles to be published, the method further includes: and when all unselected X folders in each Z folder in each time folder are traversed, when column numbers included by file names of adjacent tiles belonging to the same unselected X folder are determined to be discontinuous, all the tiles with discontinuous column numbers are selected.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a tile issuing apparatus, including: the device comprises a determining module, an obtaining module and a releasing module. The determining module is used for determining the tiles to be released from all the tiles corresponding to the original image; the obtaining module is used for obtaining the data information of the tiles to be issued; and the publishing module is used for generating a metadata management table according to the data information and publishing the metadata management table to a server for storage.
With reference to the second aspect of the embodiments, in one possible implementation manner, all tiles corresponding to the original image are grouped into different Z folders in different time folders according to a hierarchy of the tiles and a time corresponding to the original image, tiles in all Z folders belonging to the same time file have the same time, and tiles belonging to the same Z folder have the same hierarchy; the determining module is configured to determine all tiles corresponding to each time folder as the tiles to be published; or selecting partial tiles from each Z folder in each time folder, and determining the partial tiles as the tiles to be published.
With reference to the second aspect of the embodiments, in one possible implementation manner, tiles included in each Z folder are grouped into different X folders included in the Z folder, and tiles belonging to the same X folder are in the same row and different columns in the original image; the file names of the tiles belonging to the same X folder comprise the column numbers of the tiles in the original image; the determining module is configured to traverse each X folder included in each Z folder in each time folder, and select, from each X folder, a tile corresponding to the file name with the smallest column number and a tile corresponding to the file name with the largest column number; and determining all the selected tiles as the to-be-published tiles.
With reference to the second aspect of the embodiments, in a possible implementation manner, tiles belonging to the same X folder are arranged in an increasing or decreasing order of the column numbers included in the file names of the tiles; the determining module is configured to select, when determining that column numbers included in filenames of adjacent tiles belonging to the same X folder are not consecutive, all the adjacent tiles with non-consecutive column numbers when traversing each X folder included in each Z folder in each time folder.
With reference to the second aspect of the embodiments, in one possible implementation manner, tiles included in each Z folder are grouped into different X folders included in the Z folder, and tiles belonging to the same X folder are in the same row and different columns in the original image; the folder names of the X folders belonging to the same Z folder comprise the row numbers of the tiles included in the X folders in the original image, and the file names of the tiles belonging to the same X folder comprise the column numbers of the tiles in the original image; the determining module is configured to traverse each Z folder in each time folder, and select, from each Z folder, an X folder corresponding to the time folder with the smallest row number included in the time folder name and an X folder corresponding to the time folder with the largest row number included in the time folder name; selecting all tiles included in all selected X folders from each Z folder of each time folder; traversing all unselected X folders in each Z folder of each time folder, and selecting a tile corresponding to the smallest column number included by the file name and a tile corresponding to the largest column number included by the file name; and determining all the selected tiles as the to-be-published tiles.
With reference to the second aspect of the embodiments, in a possible implementation manner, the X folders belonging to the same Z folder are arranged in an ascending or descending order of the row numbers included in the folder names thereof; the determining module is configured to, when it is determined that the row numbers included in the folder names of adjacent X folders belonging to the same Z folder are not consecutive while traversing each Z folder in each time folder, select all the X folders having the non-consecutive row numbers, and select all the tiles included in the selected X folder.
With reference to the second aspect of the embodiments, in a possible implementation manner, tiles belonging to the same X folder are arranged in an increasing or decreasing order of the column numbers included in the file names of the tiles; the determining module is configured to, when it is determined that column numbers included in filenames of adjacent tiles belonging to the same unselected X folder are not consecutive, select all tiles with non-consecutive column numbers when traversing all unselected X folders in each Z folder in each time folder.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor connected; the memory is used for storing programs; the processor calls a program stored in the memory to perform the method of the first aspect embodiment and/or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect embodiment.
In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium (hereinafter, referred to as a computer-readable storage medium), on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is executed by a computer to perform the method in the foregoing first aspect and/or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the embodiments of the application. The objectives and other advantages of the application may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts. The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the application will be apparent from the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings. The drawings are not intended to be to scale as practical, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the subject matter of the present application.
Fig. 1 shows one of the schematic diagrams of an original image being divided into tiles according to a hierarchy.
Fig. 2 shows a second schematic diagram of the original image being divided into tiles according to a hierarchy.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a file storage mode after an original image is divided into tiles.
Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of a tile publishing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5A shows a third schematic diagram of an original image being divided into tiles according to a hierarchy.
FIG. 5B shows a tile selection diagram corresponding to FIG. 5A.
Fig. 6A shows four schematic diagrams of an original image being divided into tiles according to a hierarchy.
FIG. 6B shows a tile selection diagram corresponding to FIG. 6A.
Fig. 7A shows a fifth schematic diagram of an original image being divided into tiles according to a hierarchy.
FIG. 7B shows a tile selection diagram corresponding to FIG. 7A.
Fig. 8A shows six schematic diagrams of an original image being divided into tiles according to a hierarchy.
FIG. 8B shows a tile selection diagram corresponding to FIG. 8A.
Fig. 9A shows seven schematic diagrams of an original image being divided into tiles according to a hierarchy.
FIG. 9B shows a tile selection diagram corresponding to FIG. 9A.
Fig. 10A shows an eighth schematic diagram of an original image being divided into tiles according to a hierarchy.
FIG. 10B shows a tile selection diagram corresponding to FIG. 10A.
Fig. 11 shows a block diagram of a tile issuing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Icon: 100-an electronic device; 110-a processor; 120-a memory; 400-tile publishing means; 410-a determination module; 420-an acquisition module; 430-publish module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, relational terms such as "first," "second," and the like may be used solely in the description herein to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Further, the term "and/or" in the present application is only one kind of association relationship describing the associated object, and means that three kinds of relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.
In addition, the defects (which easily cause the failure of tile publishing) existing in the tile publishing method in the prior art are the results obtained after the applicant has practiced and studied carefully, and therefore, the discovery process of the above defects and the solutions proposed by the embodiments of the present application in the following for the above defects should be the contributions of the applicant to the present application in the process of the present application.
In order to solve the foregoing problems, embodiments of the present application provide a tile publishing method, apparatus, electronic device, and computer readable storage medium, which can reduce the amount of published data and reduce the requirement for the storage space of the server.
The technology can be realized by adopting corresponding software, hardware and a combination of software and hardware. The following describes embodiments of the present application in detail.
The following description will be made with respect to the tile publishing method provided by the present application.
First, a tile will be described.
After an original remote sensing image for the world (hereinafter, referred to as a global original image) is obtained, the global original image may be cut according to a TMS (tile map service) standard and a preset level, and each small image obtained after cutting is called as a tile.
On the premise of determining the hierarchy, the number of tiles into which the global original image is cut according to the determined hierarchy is also determined correspondingly, and the relationship between the number of tiles corresponding to the hierarchy and the hierarchy is as follows: num 4Z. Where num represents the number of tiles, Z represents a hierarchy, and Z is an integer, with a maximum of 23 and a minimum of 0. For example, as shown in fig. 1, for a global original image, when the level Z is 1, the global original image is divided into 4 tiles; as shown in fig. 2, when the level Z is 2, the global original image is divided into 16 tiles.
It should be noted that a global original image is often divided according to a plurality of different levels, and thus the number of tiles corresponding to the global original image is huge.
After a global original image is divided into tiles, in order to facilitate positioning of spatial positions of the tiles, in the embodiment of the present application, according to a preset hierarchy, a global original image is divided into tiles, and the tiles are respectively provided with a hierarchy, a row number, and a column number. As for tiles at the same level, the row numbers of tiles in the same row are the same, and the column numbers of tiles in the same column are the same. For example, in fig. 1, a preset level is 1, when the level is 1, a global original image is cut according to the TMS standard, the level of all cut tiles is 1 (generally denoted by Z in the industry), then the level Z of tile a is 1, the row number X (denoted by X) is 1, the column number Y (denoted by Y) is 1, wherein X, Y is an integer, and X, Y is greater than or equal to 1; tile B has Z of 1, X of 1, and Y of 2; tile C has Z of 1, X of 2, and Y of 1; tile D has Z of 1, X of 2, and Y of 2. More specifically, for easier management, for tiles at the same level, the row numbers of tiles at adjacent rows differ by 1, and the column numbers of tiles at adjacent columns differ by 1.
When a global original image is shot, the shooting time of the global original image is determined. Because the global original images shot at different shooting times are different, the displayed content of the remote sensing image changes though the time changes. For the global original image, the global original image shot at each shooting time point may be divided according to a plurality of different levels according to different shooting times, so as to obtain tiles corresponding to the corresponding levels.
When the global original image is divided according to a plurality of different levels, the tiles obtained after the division need to be stored. In order to ensure the storage order, the tiles can be classified and stored in a storage mode of shooting time of the global original image, hierarchy of the global original image, line number of the tiles in the global original image and column number of the tiles in the global original image, namely, the tiles are classified and stored in a storage mode of 'shooting time-Z-X-Y'.
Specifically, a plurality of shooting time folders are created according to the number of the shooting times, so that the shooting time folders and the shooting times form a one-to-one correspondence relationship, and each shooting time folder is used for storing tiles obtained by dividing global original images shot by the corresponding shooting time. For convenience of distinction, the folder name of the shooting time folder may include the corresponding shooting time. In some embodiments, the shooting time can be named directly as the corresponding shooting time folder.
For each shooting time folder, the global original image shot by the corresponding shooting time is divided according to a plurality of preset different levels, and on the basis, a plurality of different level folders (hereinafter referred to as Z folders) can be created for each shooting time folder. The number of the Z folders is the same as the number of the layers corresponding to the global original images corresponding to the shooting time folders, and a one-to-one corresponding relation is formed. Each Z folder is used for storing the tiles obtained by corresponding hierarchy division, and the hierarchies corresponding to the tiles belonging to the same Z folder are the same. To facilitate differentiation, the folder name of the Z folder may include a corresponding hierarchy level. In some embodiments, each Z folder belonging to the same shooting time folder is stored under the corresponding shooting time folder in an increasing or decreasing order of the hierarchy included in the file name thereof. In some embodiments, the Z folder corresponding to a level may be named directly, e.g., Z1 characterizes a level 1 folder.
For each Z folder, its corresponding global original image is divided into a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns. On this basis, a plurality of row folders (hereinafter simply referred to as X folders) may be created for each Z folder. The number of the X folders is the same as the number of the lines into which the global original image corresponding to the Z folder is divided, and a one-to-one corresponding relationship is formed. Each X folder is used for storing a row of tiles obtained after the corresponding global original image is divided, that is, the tiles belonging to the same X folder have the same row number and different column numbers. For ease of distinction, the folder name of the X folder may include a corresponding row number. In some embodiments, each X folder belonging to the same Z folder is stored under the corresponding Z folder in an increasing or decreasing order of the row number included in the file name of the X folder. In some embodiments, the name of the X folder corresponding to the row number may be directly used, for example, X1 represents the folder for storing the tiles located in the first row after the partition.
It is mentioned above that tiles saved under the same X folder (hereinafter also referred to as Y-file) belong to different columns of the same row under the same hierarchy. For ease of distinction, the filenames of tiles under the same X folder may include corresponding column numbers. In some embodiments, each Y file belonging to the same X folder is stored under the corresponding X folder in an increasing or decreasing order of the column number included in the file name of the Y file. In some embodiments, the name of the Y folder corresponding to the column number may be directly named, for example, Y1 represents the tile located in the first column after the partition.
Assume that there is a global original picture at a first time point (2020-2-2 in the figure) and a global original picture at a second time point (2020-2-23 in the figure). For each global original image, tiles corresponding to a plurality of levels respectively exist.
According to the above storage process, when storing the tiles divided from the global original image, two capturing time folders are created according to time points, namely 2020-2-2 and 2020-2-23, as shown in fig. 3. The file 2020-2-2 is used for storing tiles obtained by dividing the global original image at a first time point, and the file 2020-2-23 is used for storing tiles obtained by dividing the global original image at a second time point.
Assuming that the global original image at the second time point is divided into 3 levels, according to the above process, for 2020-2-23 folders, three Z folders, which are Zn, Z (n +1), and Z (n +2) in fig. 3, need to be created.
Assuming that the global original image at the second time point is divided into a row and b columns for the corresponding hierarchy of the Zn folder, according to the above process, a X folders, X1 and X2 … … Xa in fig. 3, respectively, need to be created for the Zn folder. Each of the a X folders X1 and X2 … … Xa includes a plurality of Y files therein, and the number of the Y files stored in each of the a X folders is not greater than b.
For the original image at the first time point, the storage form of the Z folder included under 2020-2-2 folder, the X folder included under each Z folder, and the Y file included under each X folder corresponding to the original image at the first time point is similar to that of the folder 2020-2-23 (not shown in fig. 3), and is not described herein again.
It should be noted that the original images described above are all global original images with consistent specifications. However, in the actual shooting process, it is only possible to obtain an original image of a certain area at a certain shooting time point. In this embodiment, when the original image is divided, the acquired original image is compared with the global original image to acquire a range value (a distribution range of a row number and a distribution range of a column number) of the original image in the global original image divided according to a preset hierarchy; and finally, naming and archiving and storing tiles obtained after the original image is divided according to the range of the original image in the preset level relative to the global original image. Specifically, after the division is completed, a shooting time folder corresponding to the shooting time of the original image is created, a Z folder corresponding to the hierarchy of the original image is created, an X folder corresponding to the number of lines into which the original image is divided is created, and the corresponding tiles are saved in the form of a Y file.
In this case, if the original images of the regions 1 and 2, which are not geographically continuous, are captured at the same time point, for example, the original images 1 and 2 are captured at the same time point, the tiles corresponding to the original images 1 and 2 can be stored in the same capture time folder for convenient management because the capture time is the same for the original images 1 and 2. For further convenience of management, if the original images 1 and 2 are divided into the same preset levels, the tiles corresponding to the original images 1 and 2 should belong to the same Z folder in the same shooting time folder. Then, in the same preset level, the range values of the original images 1 and 2 corresponding to the regions 1 and 2 in the different geographical positions in one-to-one correspondence are different in the global original images, so that the folder names of the X folders belonging to the same Z folder may be discontinuous, and the folder names of the Y files belonging to the same X folder may be discontinuous. For example, it is assumed that the original image 1 corresponds to an abef region in the global original image (level Z is 2 in fig. 2) shown in fig. 2 when compared with the global original image, and it is assumed that the original image 2 corresponds to a klop region in the global original image shown in fig. 2 when compared with the global original image. The row number and the column number of the abef area in the global original image are between 1 and 2 and between 1 and 2; the klop area has a row number between 3 and 4 and a column number between 3 and 4 in the global original image, and accordingly, when the original image 1 is divided according to a preset hierarchy (Z ═ 2), the obtained range values of the tiles are: the number of the rows is between 1 and 2, and the number of the columns is between 1 and 2; when the original video 2 is divided into a preset hierarchy (Z ═ 2), the range values of the obtained tiles are: the row numbers are between 3-4 and the column numbers are between 3-4.
The tile publishing method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in fig. 4. The method may include the following steps.
Step S110: and determining the tiles to be published from all the tiles corresponding to the original image.
After the original image is determined and the tiles corresponding to the original image are stored according to the storage method shown in fig. 3, the tiles corresponding to the original image may be published.
The original image may be a single original image or a plurality of original images. Each original image may refer to a global original image, or may refer to an original image of a certain area, or a plurality of original images may refer to original images corresponding to different time points in the same area or the global one-to-one.
In an alternative embodiment, all tiles corresponding to the original image may be determined as tiles to be published. In another alternative embodiment, a partial tile may be selected from all tiles and determined as the to-be-published tile.
All tiles are the sum of all tiles obtained by dividing the original image, and if the original image is a global original image, all tiles are the sum of the tiles corresponding to the respective levels corresponding to the global original image.
As described above, after the original image is divided, the obtained tiles are stored in different Z folders in different time folders corresponding to the time and tile hierarchy corresponding to the original image according to the hierarchy, and all the tiles in the Z folders belonging to the same time file have the same time and the tiles belonging to the same Z folder have the same hierarchy.
In some embodiments, when tile publishing occurs, all tiles corresponding to each time folder may be determined as tiles to be published. In other embodiments, a partial tile may be selected from each Z folder in each time folder and determined as a to-be-published tile.
As mentioned above, the tiles included in each Z folder are grouped into different X folders included in the Z folder, the tiles belonging to the same X folder are in the same row and different columns in the original image, and the file names of the tiles belonging to the same X folder include the column numbers of the tiles in the original image.
On the basis of selecting a part of tiles from each Z folder in each time folder corresponding to the original image and determining the part of tiles as tiles to be published, in an alternative embodiment, each Z folder included in each time folder corresponding to the original image may be traversed, then, from each X folder included in each Z folder, a tile corresponding to a file name having a minimum column number (Ymin) and a tile corresponding to a file name having a maximum column number (Ymax) are selected, and all the selected tiles are determined as tiles to be published.
For the above embodiment, the process of selecting a partial tile from one Z folder will be exemplified below by taking the Z folder as an example.
Suppose the Z folder represents the original image divided into 4 rows and 7 columns as shown in fig. 5A. When the tile corresponding to the X folder (each row) included in the Z folder with the smallest column number and the tile corresponding to the file name with the largest column number are selected, the tile selection condition is as shown in fig. 5B, where the gray tile is the selected tile.
As mentioned above, Y files (tiles) belonging to the same X folder may be arranged in ascending or descending order of column numbers included in their file names. In some embodiments, there may be a case where the file names of the Y files belonging to the same X folder include column numbers that are not consecutive, that is, the difference between the column numbers included in the file names of the adjacent Y files belonging to the same X folder is greater than 1. In this embodiment, when a tile corresponding to the smallest column number included in the filename and a tile corresponding to the largest column number included in the filename are selected from each X folder included in each Z folder in each time folder corresponding to the original image, adjacent tiles having discontinuous column numbers included in the filenames of adjacent tiles belonging to the same X folder in each Z folder in each time folder may be selected, and all the selected tiles may be determined as tiles to be published.
For the above embodiment, the process of selecting a partial tile from one Z folder will be exemplified below by taking the Z folder as an example.
Suppose the Z folder represents the original image divided into 4 rows and 16 columns as shown in fig. 6A, wherein the 8 th column is empty. When a tile corresponding to the X folder (each row) included in the Z folder whose column number is the smallest and a tile corresponding to the X folder whose column number is the largest are selected, tiles having non-consecutive column numbers (i.e., two columns adjacent to an empty column) are also selected because tiles having non-consecutive column numbers exist in each X folder included in the Z folder. Finally, the gray tiles in FIG. 6B are selected.
As mentioned above, the tiles included in each Z folder are grouped into different X folders included in the Z folder, the tiles belonging to the same X folder are in the same row and different columns in the original image, the folder name of the X folder belonging to the same Z folder includes the row number of the tile included in the X folder in the original image, and the folder name of the tile belonging to the same X folder includes the column number of the tile in the original image.
On the basis that a part of tiles selected from each Z folder in each time folder corresponding to the original image is determined as tiles to be published, in another alternative embodiment, each Z folder in each time folder corresponding to the original image may be traversed, then an X folder (Xmin) corresponding to the Z folder with the smallest row number included in the folder name of the Z folder is selected from each Z folder, and an X folder (Xmax) corresponding to the Z folder with the largest row number included in the folder name of the Z folder is selected, and then all Y files included in the Xmin folder and all Y files included in the Xmax folder in each Z folder are selected. In addition, the unselected X folders in each Z folder are also traversed, and the Y file corresponding to the X folder with the smallest file name and the Y file corresponding to the X folder with the largest file name are selected from the Y files included in the unselected X folders. After the selection, all the selected tiles are determined as the tiles to be published.
For the above embodiment, the process of selecting a partial tile from one Z folder will be exemplified below by taking the Z folder as an example.
Suppose the Z folder represents the original image divided into 4 rows and 7 columns as shown in fig. 7A. When each Y file in the X folder with the largest row number and the X folder with the smallest row number included in the Z folder is selected, and Ymin and Ymax included in each X folder except Xmin and Xmax are selected, a tile selection situation is shown in fig. 7B, where a gray tile is the selected tile.
As mentioned above, Y files (tiles) belonging to the same X folder may be arranged in ascending or descending order of column numbers included in their file names. In some embodiments, when there is a case where column numbers included in filenames of adjacent Y files are not consecutive in Y files included in an X folder under a Z folder, in this embodiment, in the same Z folder, all Y files included in Xmin and Xmax are selected, and Ymin and Ymax included in an X folder other than Xmin and Xmax that is not selected are selected, and Y files other than Xmin and Xmax that is not selected and whose column numbers are not consecutive are selected, and all selected tiles are determined as tiles to be published.
For the above embodiment, the process of selecting a partial tile from one Z folder will be exemplified below by taking the Z folder as an example.
Suppose the Z folder represents the original image divided into 4 rows 17 columns as shown in fig. 8A, wherein the 8 th column is empty. After all the tiles in the Xmin folder (first row) and the Xmax folder (last row) included in the Z folder are selected, and the Ymin file and the Ymax file included in the folder between the Xmin folder and the Xmax folder are selected, since tiles with discontinuous column numbers exist in each X folder included in the Z folder, tiles with discontinuous column numbers (i.e., two columns adjacent to a vacant column) need to be selected. Finally, the gray tiles in FIG. 8B are selected.
As mentioned above, X folders belonging to the same Z folder may be arranged in ascending or descending order of the line number included in their folder names. In some embodiments, there may be a case where the folder names of the X files belonging to the same Z folder include discontinuous line numbers, i.e., the difference between the line numbers included in the folder names of the adjacent X files belonging to the same Z folder is greater than 1. In this embodiment, in addition to selecting all Y files included in Xmin and Xmax and selecting Ymin and Ymax included in X folders other than Xmin and Xmax that are not selected, X folders having discontinuous row numbers included in folder names of adjacent X folders belonging to the same Z folder need to be selected, then all Y files included in X folders having discontinuous row numbers are selected, and all selected tiles are determined as tiles to be published.
For the above embodiment, the process of selecting a partial tile from one Z folder will be exemplified below by taking the Z folder as an example.
Suppose the Z folder represents the original image divided into 8 rows and 7 columns as shown in fig. 9A, wherein the 5 th row is empty. When all tiles in the Xmin folder (first row) and the Xmax folder (last row) included in the Z folder are selected, and the Ymin file and the Ymax file included in the folder between the Xmin folder and the Xmax folder are selected, since X folders with discontinuous row numbers exist in the X folders included in the Z folder, it is necessary to select X folders with discontinuous row numbers (i.e., two rows adjacent to an empty row), and select all Y files in the discontinuous X folders. Finally, the gray tiles in FIG. 9B are selected.
As mentioned above, the X folders belonging to the same Z folder may be arranged in an order in which the row numbers included in their folder names are increased or decreased, and the Y files belonging to the same X folder may be arranged in an order in which the column numbers included in their folder names are increased or decreased. Based on this premise, in some embodiments, there may be a case where the folder name of the X file belonging to the same Z folder includes a discontinuous row number, while the folder name of the Y file belonging to the same X folder includes a discontinuous column number. At this time, in addition to selecting all Y files included in Xmin and Xmax and selecting Ymin and Ymax included in the X folder that is not selected except Xmin and Xmax, it is necessary to select X folders having discontinuous row numbers included in folder names of adjacent X folders belonging to the same Z folder, then select all Y files included in the X folders having discontinuous row numbers, select Y files having discontinuous column numbers included in the X folders that are not selected except Xmin and Xmax belonging to the same Z folder, and determine all tiles that are selected as tiles to be released.
For the above embodiment, the process of selecting a partial tile from one Z folder will be exemplified below by taking the Z folder as an example.
Suppose the Z folder represents the original image divided into 8 rows and 16 columns as shown in fig. 10A, wherein the 5 th row is empty and the 8 th column is empty. When all tiles in the Xmin folder (first row) and the Xmax folder (last row) included in the Z folder are selected, and the Ymin file and the Ymax file included in the folder between the Xmin folder and the Xmax folder are selected, since X folders with discontinuous row numbers exist in the X folders included in the Z folder, it is necessary to select X folders with discontinuous row numbers (i.e., two rows adjacent to an empty row), and select all Y files in the discontinuous X folders. Further, since there are Y files with discontinuous column numbers among the Y files included in the X folder included in the Z folder, it is necessary to select Y files with discontinuous column numbers. Finally, the gray tiles of FIG. 10B are selected.
Step S120: and acquiring the data information of the tile to be issued.
After the tiles to be published are determined, corresponding data information exists for each tile. Wherein, the data information includes but is not limited to: the shooting time information of the original image corresponding to the tile, the level of the tile in the corresponding original image, the row number and column number of the tile in the corresponding original image, and the index address (storage location).
Step S130: and generating a metadata management table according to the data information, and issuing the metadata management table to a server for storage.
After the data information of each tile to be published is obtained, the data information of each tile to be published can be stored in a metadata management table. The table includes shooting time information of the original image, hierarchy information, maximum row number, minimum row number, maximum column number, minimum column number of the tile to be released selected in the hierarchy, and other remark information. Other remark information may be used to record the cases of discontinuous rows, discontinuous columns, and the like.
After the metadata management table is obtained, the metadata management table can be exported by a map management system (management software) and is distributed to a server for storage. When a subsequent server receives a remote sensing image checking request of a user, whether a tile corresponding to the request exists in a file management system for storing the tile can be judged based on shooting time information and hierarchy information carried in the request and a metadata management table in the server, if the tile corresponds to the tile, the corresponding tile can be obtained from a corresponding storage address in the file management system according to the information carried in the request, and the tile is displayed to the user.
According to the tile publishing method provided by the embodiment of the application, in the process of publishing the tiles corresponding to the original image, the tiles to be published are selected from all the tiles, then the data information of the tiles to be published is extracted, and the metadata management table is generated according to the data information and published to the server to complete the publishing operation. In the process, only the metadata management table formed by the data information of the tiles is required to be published, and the data volume of the metadata management table is far smaller than that of the image. In addition, the data volume transmitted to the server is reduced, so that the requirement on the storage space of the server is reduced, and the problem of distribution failure possibly caused by insufficient storage space of the server is effectively avoided. Compared with the prior art reissue mode, the technical scheme provided by the application is a light release mode, and the data volume issued is smaller if the scheme of issuing the information of only part of the tiles in the scheme of the application is adopted.
As shown in fig. 11, an embodiment of the present application further provides a tile issuing apparatus 400, where the tile issuing apparatus 400 may include: a determination module 410, an acquisition module 420, and a publication module 430.
A determining module 410, configured to determine a tile to be published from all tiles corresponding to an original image;
an obtaining module 420, configured to obtain data information of the tile to be published;
and the publishing module 430 is configured to generate a metadata management table according to the data information, and publish the metadata management table to a server for storage.
In one possible embodiment, all tiles corresponding to the original image are grouped into different Z folders in different time folders according to the hierarchy of the tiles and the time corresponding to the original image, the tiles in all Z folders belonging to the same time file have the same time, and the tiles belonging to the same Z folder have the same hierarchy; the determining module 410 is configured to determine all tiles corresponding to each time folder as the tiles to be published; or selecting partial tiles from each Z folder in each time folder, and determining the partial tiles as the tiles to be published.
In a possible implementation manner, the tiles included in each Z folder are grouped into different X folders included in the Z folder, and the tiles belonging to the same X folder are in the same row and different columns in the original image; the file names of the tiles belonging to the same X folder comprise the column numbers of the tiles in the original image; the determining module 410 is configured to traverse each X folder included in each Z folder in each time folder, and select, from each X folder, a tile corresponding to the file name with the smallest column number and a tile corresponding to the file name with the largest column number; and determining all the selected tiles as the to-be-published tiles.
In a possible implementation, the tiles belonging to the same X folder are arranged in an increasing or decreasing order of the column number included in their file names; the determining module 410 is configured to, when it is determined that column numbers included in filenames of adjacent tiles belonging to the same X folder are not consecutive while traversing each X folder included in each Z folder in each time folder, select all the adjacent tiles whose column numbers are not consecutive.
In a possible implementation manner, the tiles included in each Z folder are grouped into different X folders included in the Z folder, and the tiles belonging to the same X folder are in the same row and different columns in the original image; the folder names of the X folders belonging to the same Z folder comprise the row numbers of the tiles included in the X folders in the original image, and the file names of the tiles belonging to the same X folder comprise the column numbers of the tiles in the original image; the determining module 410 is configured to traverse each Z folder in each time folder, and select, from each Z folder, an X folder corresponding to the time folder with the smallest row number included in the folder name and an X folder corresponding to the time folder with the largest row number included in the folder name; selecting all tiles included in all selected X folders from each Z folder of each time folder; traversing all unselected X folders in each Z folder of each time folder, and selecting a tile corresponding to the smallest column number included by the file name and a tile corresponding to the largest column number included by the file name; and determining all the selected tiles as the to-be-published tiles.
In a possible implementation manner, the X folders belonging to the same Z folder are arranged according to the ascending or descending order of the row numbers included in the folder names; the determining module 410 is configured to, when it is determined that the row numbers included in the folder names of adjacent X folders belonging to the same Z folder are not consecutive while traversing each Z folder in each time folder, select all the X folders with the non-consecutive row numbers, and select all the tiles included in the selected X folder.
In a possible implementation, the tiles belonging to the same X folder are arranged in an increasing or decreasing order of the column number included in their file names; the determining module 410 is configured to, when it is determined that column numbers included in filenames of adjacent tiles belonging to the same unselected X folder are not consecutive, select all tiles with non-consecutive column numbers when traversing all unselected X folders in each Z folder in each time folder.
The tile publishing device 400 provided by the embodiment of the present application, which implements the same principle and produces the same technical effects as the foregoing method embodiments, for the sake of brief description, no mention of the device embodiment part can be made to refer to the corresponding contents in the foregoing method embodiments.
In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer program performs the steps included in the tile publishing method as described above.
In addition, referring to fig. 12, an electronic device 100 is further provided in an embodiment of the present invention, for implementing the tile publishing method and apparatus in the embodiment of the present application.
Alternatively, the electronic Device 100 may be, but is not limited to, a Personal Computer (PC), a smart phone, a tablet PC, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a Personal digital assistant, a server, and the like. The server may be, but is not limited to, a web server, a database server, a cloud server, and the like.
Among them, the electronic device 100 may include: a processor 110, a memory 120.
It should be noted that the components and structure of electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 12 are exemplary only, and not limiting, and electronic device 100 may have other components and structures as desired.
The processor 110, memory 120, and other components that may be present in the electronic device 100 are electrically connected to each other, directly or indirectly, to enable the transfer or interaction of data. For example, the processor 110, the memory 120, and other components that may be present may be electrically coupled to each other via one or more communication buses or signal lines.
The memory 120 is used for storing programs, such as programs corresponding to the tile issuing methods or tile issuing apparatuses. Optionally, when the tile publishing device is stored in the memory 120, the tile publishing device includes at least one software function module that can be stored in the memory 120 in the form of software or firmware (firmware).
Alternatively, the software function module included in the tile publishing apparatus may also be solidified in an Operating System (OS) of the electronic device 100.
The processor 110 is used to execute executable modules stored in the memory 120, such as software functional modules or computer programs included in the tile issuing device. When the processor 110 receives the execution instruction, it may execute the computer program, for example, to perform: determining tiles to be published from all tiles corresponding to the original image; acquiring data information of the tile to be issued; and generating a metadata management table according to the data information, and issuing the metadata management table to a server for storage.
Of course, the method disclosed in any of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the processor 110, or implemented by the processor 110.
In summary, in the tile publishing method, apparatus, electronic device and computer-readable storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present invention, in the process of publishing the tile corresponding to the original image, the tile to be published is selected from all the tiles, then the data information of the tile to be published is extracted, and the tile is published to the server according to the data information metadata management table to complete the publishing operation. In the process, only the metadata management table formed by the data information of the tiles is required to be published, and the data volume of the metadata management table is far smaller than that of the image. In addition, the data volume transmitted to the server is reduced, so that the requirement on the storage space of the server is reduced, and the problem of distribution failure possibly caused by insufficient storage space of the server is effectively avoided. Compared with the prior art reissue mode, the technical scheme provided by the application is a light release mode, and the data volume issued is smaller if the scheme of issuing the information of only part of the tiles in the scheme of the application is adopted.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and for example, the flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In addition, functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a notebook computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. A tile publishing method is characterized in that all tiles corresponding to an original image are summarized into different Z folders in different time folders according to the hierarchy of the tiles and the time corresponding to the original image, the tiles in all the Z folders belonging to the same time file have the same time, and the tiles belonging to the same Z folder have the same hierarchy; the tiles included in each Z folder are summarized into different X folders included in the Z folder, and the tiles belonging to the same X folder are in the same row and different columns in the original image; the file names of the tiles belonging to the same X folder comprise the column numbers of the tiles in the original image; the method comprises the following steps:
traversing each X folder included in each Z folder in each time folder corresponding to the original image, and selecting a tile corresponding to the smallest column number included in the file name and a tile corresponding to the largest column number included in the file name from each X folder;
determining all the selected tiles as the tiles to be issued;
acquiring data information of the tile to be issued;
and generating a metadata management table according to the data information, and issuing the metadata management table to a server for storage.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tiles belonging to the same X folder are arranged in ascending or descending order of the column number included in their file names; before the determining all selected tiles as the to-be-published tiles, the method further comprises:
and when determining that the column numbers included in the file names of the adjacent tiles belonging to the same X folder are discontinuous when traversing each X folder included in each Z folder in each time folder, selecting the adjacent tiles with discontinuous column numbers.
3. A tile publishing method is characterized in that all tiles corresponding to an original image are summarized into different Z folders in different time folders according to the hierarchy of the tiles and the time corresponding to the original image, the tiles in all the Z folders belonging to the same time file have the same time, and the tiles belonging to the same Z folder have the same hierarchy; the tiles included in each Z folder are summarized into different X folders included in the Z folder, and the tiles belonging to the same X folder are in the same row and different columns in the original image; the folder names of the X folders belonging to the same Z folder comprise the row numbers of the tiles included in the X folders in the original image, and the file names of the tiles belonging to the same X folder comprise the column numbers of the tiles in the original image; the method comprises the following steps:
traversing each Z folder in each time folder corresponding to the original image, and selecting an X folder corresponding to the time folder with the smallest row number included in the folder name and an X folder corresponding to the time folder with the largest row number included in the folder name from each Z folder;
selecting all tiles included in all selected X folders from each Z folder of each time folder;
traversing all unselected X folders in each Z folder of each time folder, and selecting a tile corresponding to the smallest column number included by the file name and a tile corresponding to the largest column number included by the file name;
determining all the selected tiles as the tiles to be issued;
acquiring data information of the tile to be issued;
and generating a metadata management table according to the data information, and issuing the metadata management table to a server for storage.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein X folders belonging to the same Z folder are arranged in an order in which the row numbers included in the folder names thereof are increased or decreased; before said selecting out all tiles comprised by all selected X folders, said method further comprises:
and when traversing each Z folder in each time folder, when determining that the row numbers included by the folder names of the adjacent X folders belonging to the same Z folder are not continuous, selecting all the X folders with discontinuous row numbers, and selecting all the tiles included in the selected X folders.
5. Method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the tiles belonging to the same X folder are arranged in ascending or descending order of the column number comprised by their file name; before the determining all selected tiles as the to-be-published tiles, the method further comprises:
and when all unselected X folders in each Z folder in each time folder are traversed, when column numbers included by file names of adjacent tiles belonging to the same unselected X folder are determined to be discontinuous, all the tiles with discontinuous column numbers are selected.
6. A tile publishing device is characterized in that all tiles corresponding to an original image are summarized into different Z folders in different time folders according to the hierarchy of the tiles and the time corresponding to the original image, the tiles in all the Z folders belonging to the same time file have the same time, and the tiles belonging to the same Z folder have the same hierarchy; the tiles included in each Z folder are summarized into different X folders included in the Z folder, and the tiles belonging to the same X folder are in the same row and different columns in the original image; the file names of the tiles belonging to the same X folder comprise the column numbers of the tiles in the original image; the device comprises:
a determining module, configured to traverse each X folder included in each Z folder in each time folder corresponding to an original image, and select, from each X folder, a tile corresponding to a file name with a smallest column number and a tile corresponding to a file name with a largest column number; determining all the selected tiles as the tiles to be issued;
the obtaining module is used for obtaining the data information of the tiles to be issued;
and the publishing module is used for generating a metadata management table according to the data information and publishing the metadata management table to a server for storage.
7. A tile publishing device is characterized in that all tiles corresponding to an original image are summarized into different Z folders in different time folders according to the hierarchy of the tiles and the time corresponding to the original image, the tiles in all the Z folders belonging to the same time file have the same time, and the tiles belonging to the same Z folder have the same hierarchy; the tiles included in each Z folder are summarized into different X folders included in the Z folder, and the tiles belonging to the same X folder are in the same row and different columns in the original image; the folder names of the X folders belonging to the same Z folder comprise the row numbers of the tiles included in the X folders in the original image, and the file names of the tiles belonging to the same X folder comprise the column numbers of the tiles in the original image; the device comprises:
the determining module is used for traversing each Z folder in each time folder corresponding to the original image, and selecting an X folder corresponding to the time folder with the smallest row number included by the folder name and an X folder corresponding to the time folder with the largest row number included by the folder name from each Z folder; selecting all tiles included in all selected X folders from each Z folder of each time folder; traversing all unselected X folders in each Z folder of each time folder, and selecting a tile corresponding to the smallest column number included by the file name and a tile corresponding to the largest column number included by the file name; determining all the selected tiles as the tiles to be issued;
the obtaining module is used for obtaining the data information of the tiles to be issued;
and the publishing module is used for generating a metadata management table according to the data information and publishing the metadata management table to a server for storage.
8. An electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor connected;
the memory is used for storing programs;
the processor calls a program stored in the memory to perform the method of any of claims 1-5.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when executed by a computer, performs the method of any one of claims 1-5.
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