CN111766328A - Method for detecting odor source in vehicle - Google Patents
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- CN111766328A CN111766328A CN201910256960.7A CN201910256960A CN111766328A CN 111766328 A CN111766328 A CN 111766328A CN 201910256960 A CN201910256960 A CN 201910256960A CN 111766328 A CN111766328 A CN 111766328A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 281
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013027 odor testing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 108
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 19
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyfluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010028813 Nausea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008693 nausea Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/88—Integrated analysis systems specially adapted therefor, not covered by a single one of the groups G01N30/04 - G01N30/86
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of odor testing, and provides a method for detecting an odor source in a vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of collecting an in-vehicle gas sample of a target vehicle by using a Tenax sampling tube, obtaining a first corresponding relation between a gas mass peak and retention time by a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer in one part, and determining a second corresponding relation between odor intensity, odor type and retention time by an odor identification instrument in the other part; determining a first target gas substance in the in-vehicle gas sample according to the first corresponding relation and the second corresponding relation; respectively placing each part into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, carrying out an experiment in an environmental test chamber, collecting a gas sample of each part by using a Tenax sampling tube, and determining a second target gas substance of the gas sample of each part; and determining the parts of the odor source in the vehicle according to the target gas substances of the gas samples of the parts. The method can realize the odor tracing of the target gas substance from the target vehicle to the internal parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of odor testing, and particularly relates to a method for detecting an odor source in a vehicle.
Background
The intuitive and obvious index of the air quality in the rail transit vehicle is the smell in the vehicle, and the evaluation of passengers on the comfort of the vehicle is directly influenced by the size of the smell in the vehicle. The odor in the vehicle mainly comes from the volatilization of volatile substances in the interior materials and parts, and the volatile substances are generally harmful and can stimulate the sensory system of the human body, and the concentration of the volatile substances can cause nausea, vomiting and the like, thus affecting the health and safety of the human body.
At present, the rail transit industry has not issued odor-related standards, but has issued a series of international and domestic standards for testing odors in other industries, such as VDA270, SAEJ1351, GB 18401-2010, HG/T4065-2008 and the like. When the odor is tested according to the odor test standard, the odor grade in the vehicle is determined by judging the smell of a professional. The rail transit industry can refer to the odor test standard to evaluate the odor in the car, but cannot analyze the odor in the car, so that the source of the odor in the car cannot be judged, and the odor in the car cannot be controlled from the odor source.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting an interior odor source, so as to solve the problem that the interior odor cannot be analyzed in the prior art, and therefore the source of the interior odor cannot be determined, so that the interior odor cannot be controlled from the odor source.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a method for detecting an odor source in a vehicle, which comprises the following steps:
collecting the in-vehicle gas of the sealed target vehicle by using a Tenax sampling pipe, and carrying out thermal desorption on the in-vehicle gas collected by the Tenax sampling pipe to obtain an in-vehicle gas sample;
a part of the in-vehicle gas sample obtained after thermal desorption is processed by a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer to obtain a first corresponding relation between a gas mass peak and retention time, and the other part of the in-vehicle gas sample is processed by an olfactory discrimination instrument to determine a second corresponding relation between odor intensity, odor type and retention time;
determining a gas substance peak and retention time corresponding to the odor intensity meeting the preset relationship according to the first corresponding relationship and the second corresponding relationship, and determining a first target gas substance in the gas sample in the vehicle by combining the preset gas substance peak, retention time and corresponding relationship of the gas substance;
respectively placing each part in a target vehicle into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, carrying out an experiment in an environmental test chamber, collecting a gas sample of each part by using a Tenax sampling tube, and determining a second target gas substance of the gas sample of each part;
and using the part corresponding to the second target gas substance matched with the first target gas substance as the part of the smell source in the vehicle.
Optionally, the Tenax sampling tube is filled with one or more adsorbents, and two ends of the Tenax sampling tube are plugged by a stainless steel mesh or glass fiber wool; various adsorbents are filled in the Tenax sampling tube according to adsorption capacity, the adsorbent with weak adsorption capacity is close to the sampling opening end of the Tenax sampling tube, and the adsorbents are mutually separated.
Optionally, the collecting the in-vehicle gas of the sealed target vehicle by using the Tenax sampling tube includes:
and after the target vehicle is subjected to sealing treatment for at least 10 hours, connecting the Tenax pipe with a sampling pump in the target vehicle, and adjusting the flow of the sampling pump to obtain the in-vehicle gas with a certain volume.
Optionally, the flow range of the sampling pump is 0.02L/min to 0.5L/min, the flow is stable, and the flow error is less than 5%.
Optionally, the placing each component inside the target vehicle into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, and performing the experiment in the environmental test chamber includes:
respectively putting each part in a target vehicle into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag with at least two switch valves, filling high-purity nitrogen with a first preset volume into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, sealing the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, and evacuating gas in the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag by using a diaphragm vacuum pump;
filling a second preset volume of high-purity nitrogen into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, and putting the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag into an environmental test chamber;
and placing the sample in the environmental test chamber for a first preset time under the conditions of preset temperature and preset humidity, and collecting gas samples of all parts by using a Tenax sampling tube.
Optionally, the determining the target gas substance of each part gas sample includes:
performing thermal desorption on the collected part gas to obtain a part gas sample, enabling one part of the part gas sample to obtain a third corresponding relation between a gas mass peak and retention time through a gas mass spectrometer, and enabling the other part of the part gas sample to determine a fourth corresponding relation between the odor intensity, the odor type and the retention time through an odor identification instrument;
and determining a gas substance peak and retention time corresponding to the odor intensity meeting the preset relationship according to the third corresponding relationship and the fourth corresponding relationship, and determining a target gas substance in the part gas sample by combining the preset corresponding relationship between the gas substance peak, the retention time and the gas substance.
Optionally, after determining the parts of the vehicle interior odor source, the method further comprises:
placing raw materials of the automobile interior odor source parts into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, carrying out an experiment in an environmental test chamber, collecting gas samples of all the raw materials by using a Tenax sampling tube, and determining third target gas substances of all the raw material gas samples;
and using a raw material corresponding to a third target gas substance matching the second target gas substance as an in-vehicle smell source raw material.
Optionally, the placing the raw materials of the parts of the smell source in the vehicle into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, and performing the experiment in the environmental test chamber includes:
respectively putting raw materials of odor source parts in the vehicle into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag with at least two switch valves, filling a third preset volume of high-purity nitrogen into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, sealing the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, and evacuating gas in the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag by using a diaphragm vacuum pump;
flushing a fourth preset volume of high-purity nitrogen into the gas, and placing the gas into an environmental test chamber;
and placing the sample in the environmental test chamber for a second preset time under the conditions of preset temperature and preset humidity, and collecting gas samples of the raw materials by using a Tenax sampling tube.
Optionally, the determining the third target gas species for each raw material gas sample includes:
carrying out thermal desorption on the collected raw material gas to obtain a raw material gas sample, enabling one part of the raw material gas sample to pass through a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer to obtain a fifth corresponding relation between a gas substance peak and retention time, and enabling the other part of the raw material gas sample to pass through an olfactory recognition instrument to determine a sixth corresponding relation between odor intensity, odor type and retention time;
and determining a gas substance peak and retention time corresponding to the odor intensity meeting the preset relationship according to the fifth corresponding relationship and the sixth corresponding relationship, and determining a third target gas substance in the raw material gas sample by combining the preset gas substance peak, retention time and corresponding relationship of the gas substance.
Optionally, the thermal desorption of the in-vehicle gas collected by the Tenax sampling tube includes:
and placing the Tenax sampling tube on a thermal desorption instrument for heating, so that the gas sample in the vehicle is desorbed from the adsorbent of the Tenax sampling tube.
The embodiment of the invention uses a Tenax sampling tube to collect the in-vehicle gas of a sealed target vehicle, carries out thermal desorption on the Tenax sampling tube, obtains a first corresponding relation between a gas substance peak and retention time of a part of the in-vehicle gas sample after thermal desorption by a gas mass spectrometer, determines a second corresponding relation between the odor intensity, the odor type and the retention time by an odor identification instrument so as to determine a target gas substance in the in-vehicle gas sample, then respectively puts each part in a polyfluoroethylene sampling bag in the target vehicle, carries out experiment in an environmental test chamber, uses the Tenax sampling tube to collect the gas sample of each part and determine the target gas substance of each part gas sample, and finally uses the part corresponding to the target gas substance of the part gas sample matched with the target gas substance in the in-vehicle gas sample as the in-vehicle gas source part, so that the odor tracing of the target gas substance from the target vehicle to the interior parts can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting an odor source in a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting an odor source in a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.
In order to explain the technical means of the present invention, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.
Example one
Fig. 1 to 2 are schematic flow charts illustrating an in-vehicle odor source detection method in the present embodiment, and referring to fig. 1, the in-vehicle odor source detection method may include the following steps:
In this step, the Tenax sampling tube may be used to sample the in-vehicle gas of the sealed target vehicle, the sampling flow rate may be preset, and the sampling amount may be set according to actual needs, which is not limited to this.
Wherein, the Tenax sampling tube is a stainless steel tube with a polished inner wall, one or more adsorbents are filled in the Tenax sampling tube, 200-1000 mg of the adsorbents can be filled in the adsorption tube according to the density of the adsorbents, and two ends of the Tenax sampling tube are plugged by stainless steel meshes or glass fiber wool. The various adsorbents are filled in the Tenax sampling tube according to the sequence of adsorption capacities and are separated by glass fiber wool, wherein the adsorbent with weak adsorption capacity is close to the sampling inlet end of the Tenax sampling tube.
As one possible implementation, step 101 may include: and after the target vehicle is subjected to sealing treatment for at least 10 hours, connecting the Tenax pipe with a sampling pump at a proper position in the target vehicle, adjusting the flow of the sampling pump, and obtaining the gas in the vehicle with a certain volume in proper time. Wherein, the Tenax pipe and the sampling pump can be connected by a silicon rubber or stainless steel pipe.
In this step, the first corresponding relationship between the gas mass peak and the retention time is obtained by a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, which may be a spectrogram of the mass peak and the retention time, and the spectrogram is used for representing the relationship between the mass peak and the retention time. The relation between the substance peak and the retention time of various substances in the gas has uniqueness, and one substance can be determined through a pair of substance peak and retention time information.
In this step, the second corresponding relationship among the odor intensity, the odor type, and the retention time may be determined by the sniffer, and may be a spectrogram of the odor intensity, the odor type, and the retention time, where the spectrogram is used to characterize the relationship among the odor intensity, the odor type, and the retention time. Many-to-one corresponding odor intensity, odor type and retention time information can be obtained through the sniffing instrument, each pair of information represents one odor type, and the odor intensity and the retention time corresponding to the odor type are also obtained.
And 103, determining a gas substance peak and retention time corresponding to the odor intensity meeting the preset relationship according to the first corresponding relationship and the second corresponding relationship, and determining a first target gas substance in the gas sample in the vehicle by combining the preset gas substance peak, retention time and corresponding relationship of the gas substance.
In one embodiment, step 103 may be implemented by the following process:
obtaining retention time corresponding to the odor type with the odor intensity larger than the preset intensity;
determining a gas substance peak corresponding to the retention time period through the first corresponding relation;
and determining a first target gas substance through the determined gas substance peak and retention time according to the preset corresponding relation between the gas substance peak and retention time and the gas substance.
In this embodiment, the preset correspondence between the gas substance peak and the retention time and the gas substance may be a correspondence between the gas substance peak and the retention time and the gas substance obtained in advance through experiments or theories. It will be understood that each gas species corresponds to a gas species peak and retention time, and in this embodiment, the correspondence is used to characterize the gas species corresponding to the gas species peak and retention time.
For example, the first target gas substance may be a gas substance harmful to a human body, and may be a gas substance having an odor, but not limited thereto.
And 104, respectively placing each part in the target vehicle into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, carrying out an experiment in an environmental test chamber, collecting a gas sample of each part by using a Tenax sampling tube, and determining a second target gas substance of the gas sample of each part.
In this step, put into polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag respectively to each spare part of target vehicle inside, a spare part corresponds a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag to experiment in environmental test cabin can include: put into each inside spare part of target vehicle respectively in the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag that corresponds to place first preset time under the condition of temperature and the humidity of predetermineeing in the environmental test cabin, guarantee that the spare part fully releases gas in the sampling bag. The preset temperature and the preset humidity corresponding to each part are the same, and the first preset time corresponding to each part is the same.
Wherein, use Tenax sampling tube to gather the gas sample of each spare part, for use Tenax sampling tube to gather the gas in the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag of placing spare part for promptly.
For example, the step 104 of placing each component inside the target vehicle into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag and performing the experiment in the environmental test chamber, and collecting a gas sample of each component using a Tenax sampling tube may include:
step A, respectively putting each part in a target vehicle into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag with at least two switch valves, filling high-purity nitrogen with a first preset volume into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, sealing the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, and evacuating the gas in the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag by using a diaphragm vacuum pump;
b, filling high-purity nitrogen with a second preset volume into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, and placing the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag into an environmental test chamber;
and C, placing the environment test chamber for a first preset time under the conditions of preset temperature and preset humidity, and collecting gas samples of all parts by using a Tenax sampling tube.
Wherein the first predetermined volume may be 20% to 40%, for example 30%, of the volume of the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag; the second predetermined volume may be 40% to 60%, for example 50%, of the volume of the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag; the first predetermined time is such that the components in the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag release gas sufficiently.
In addition, the step A can be repeated for a plurality of times to remove residual gas in the clean polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, so that the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag is ensured not to contain gas which influences the result, and then the step B is carried out.
In this embodiment, the preset conditions corresponding to each component are the same, and the second preset time corresponding to each component may be the same.
In some embodiments, the determining the second target gas species for each part gas sample in step 104 may include:
performing thermal desorption on the collected part gas to obtain a part gas sample, enabling one part of the part gas sample to obtain a third corresponding relation between a gas mass peak and retention time through a gas mass spectrometer, and enabling the other part of the part gas sample to determine a fourth corresponding relation between the odor intensity, the odor type and the retention time through an odor identification instrument;
and determining a gas substance peak and retention time corresponding to the odor intensity meeting the preset relationship according to the third corresponding relationship and the fourth corresponding relationship, and determining a second target gas substance in the part gas sample by combining the preset gas substance peak, retention time and corresponding relationship of the gas substance.
Wherein the second target gas species in the part gas sample can be determined by:
obtaining retention time corresponding to the odor type with the odor intensity larger than the preset intensity;
determining a gas species peak corresponding to the retention time by a third correspondence;
and determining the target gas substance through the determined gas substance peak and retention time according to the preset corresponding relation between the gas substance peak and retention time and the gas substance.
In this embodiment, the preset correspondence between the gas substance peak and the retention time and the gas substance may be a correspondence between the gas substance peak and the retention time and the gas substance obtained in advance through experiments or theories. It will be understood that each gas species corresponds to a gas species peak and retention time, and in this embodiment, the correspondence is used to characterize the gas species corresponding to the gas species peak and retention time.
And 105, taking the part corresponding to the second target gas substance matched with the first target gas substance as the part of the smell source in the vehicle.
The odor relation between the target vehicle and the internal parts can be established by determining the odor source parts in the vehicle, so that the odor tracing of the target gas substance from the target vehicle to the internal parts can be realized.
The method for detecting the vehicle interior gas source comprises the steps of collecting the vehicle interior gas of a sealed target vehicle by using a Tenax sampling tube, carrying out thermal desorption on the Tenax sampling tube, obtaining a first corresponding relation between a gas substance peak and retention time of a part of the thermally desorbed vehicle interior gas sample by using a gas mass spectrometer, determining a second corresponding relation between the odor intensity, the odor type and the retention time by using an odor identification instrument so as to determine a first target gas substance in the vehicle interior gas sample, respectively placing each part in a polyfluoroethylene sampling bag, carrying out an experiment in an environmental test chamber, collecting the gas sample of each part by using the Tenax sampling tube, determining a second target gas substance in the gas sample of each part, and finally taking the part corresponding to the second target gas substance matched with the first target gas substance as the vehicle interior gas source part, so that the odor tracing of the target gas substance from the target vehicle to the internal parts can be realized; in addition, through the gaseous sample in the car of Tenax sampling pipe collection, for traditional glass bottle or metal can, easy operation, convenient to use can the ration gather gaseous simultaneously, have guaranteed reliability, the accuracy of test data, the contrastive analysis between the different spare parts of being convenient for.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 provides a flowchart of an implementation of the method for detecting the odor source in the vehicle, in this embodiment, steps 101 to 104 are consistent with steps 101 to 104 in fig. 1, and are not described herein again; after step 105, the method for detecting an in-vehicle smell source may further include the steps of:
and 106, respectively putting the raw materials of the odor source parts in the vehicle into polyvinyl fluoride sampling bags, carrying out an experiment in an environmental test chamber, collecting gas samples of all the raw materials by using a Tenax sampling tube, and determining a third target gas substance of each raw material gas sample.
For example, one raw material corresponds to one polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, and the step 106 of putting the raw materials of the car interior odor source components into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bags respectively and performing the experiment in the environmental test chamber may include:
step D, respectively putting raw materials of the odor source parts in the vehicle into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag with at least two switch valves, filling high-purity nitrogen with a third preset volume into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, sealing the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, and evacuating gas in the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag by using a diaphragm vacuum pump;
e, flushing high-purity nitrogen with a fourth preset volume into the gas, and placing the gas into an environmental test chamber;
and F, placing the environment test chamber for a second preset time under the conditions of preset temperature and preset humidity, and collecting gas samples of the raw materials by using a Tenax sampling tube.
And placing the raw materials of the odor source parts in the vehicle into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag respectively, and placing the raw materials for a second preset time under the preset condition of the environmental test chamber to ensure that the parts in the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag fully release gas. In this embodiment, the preset conditions corresponding to each raw material are the same, and the second preset time corresponding to each raw material may be the same.
Wherein the third predetermined volume may be 20% to 40%, for example 30%, of the volume of the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag; the fourth predetermined volume may be 40% to 60%, for example 50%, of the volume of the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag; the first predetermined time is such that the components in the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag release gas sufficiently.
In addition, step D can be repeated for a plurality of times to remove residual gas in the clean polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, so that the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag is ensured not to contain gas influencing the result, and then step E is carried out.
In some embodiments, the placing for the second preset time under the preset condition may specifically be: and placing the finished automobile test cabin for a second preset time under the conditions of preset temperature and preset humidity. For example, the raw materials of the odor source components in the vehicle can be respectively placed in polyvinyl fluoride sampling bags, the sampling bags are placed for a second preset time under the conditions of constant temperature and constant humidity of the environmental test chamber, and then a Tenax sampling tube is used for collecting gas samples of the raw materials.
As an implementation, the determination of the third target gas species for each raw material gas sample in step 106 can be achieved by the following process:
carrying out thermal desorption on the collected raw material gas to obtain a raw material gas sample, enabling one part of the raw material gas sample to pass through a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer to obtain a fifth corresponding relation between a gas substance peak and retention time, and enabling the other part of the raw material gas sample to pass through an olfactory recognition instrument to determine a sixth corresponding relation between odor intensity, odor type and retention time;
and determining a gas substance peak and retention time corresponding to the odor intensity meeting the preset relationship according to the fifth corresponding relationship and the sixth corresponding relationship, and determining a third target gas substance in the raw material gas sample by combining the preset gas substance peak, retention time and corresponding relationship of the gas substance.
Wherein the target gas species in the raw material gas sample can be determined by:
obtaining retention time corresponding to the odor type with the odor intensity larger than the preset intensity;
determining a gas species peak corresponding to the retention time by a fifth correspondence;
and determining the target gas substance through the determined gas substance peak and retention time according to the preset corresponding relation between the gas substance peak and retention time and the gas substance.
In this embodiment, the preset correspondence between the gas substance peak and the retention time and the gas substance may be a correspondence between the gas substance peak and the retention time and the gas substance obtained in advance through experiments or theories. It will be understood that each gas species corresponds to a gas species peak and retention time, and in this embodiment, the correspondence is used to characterize the gas species corresponding to the gas species peak and retention time.
The odor relation between the parts and the raw materials thereof can be established by determining the raw materials of the odor source in the vehicle, so that the odor tracing of the target gas substance from the parts to the raw materials can be realized, and the odor tracing of the target gas substance from the target vehicle to the internal parts and then to the raw materials can be realized by combining the odor tracing of the target gas substance from the target vehicle to the internal parts in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1.
The following describes the above-mentioned method for detecting an odor source in a rail transit vehicle by taking the detection of the odor source in the rail transit vehicle as an example. In this embodiment, the method for detecting the odor source in the vehicle may include the following steps:
closing all parts of the rail transit vehicle, such as windows, doors and the like, which are connected with the outside, and closing the vehicle for 12 hours;
after 12 hours, a tester gets on the vehicle and collects the gas in the vehicle at a certain collection speed by using a Tenax sampling pipe;
after the Tenax sampling tube is thermally desorbed, detecting by using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer with a shunting port arranged at the tail end, respectively flowing shunted samples to the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer and an olfactory identifier, obtaining a gas substance peak value-time spectrogram by using the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, and contrasting a standard curve to obtain substances corresponding to different retention times; recording the strength, the type and the time of smelling the odor at an outlet by using a sniffing instrument, and carrying out qualitative analysis on the odor substance according to the retention time to determine a target odor substance; wherein the standard curve can be the corresponding relationship between the preset gas substance peak, retention time and gas substance in the previous embodiment;
testing and analyzing the odor of parts in the rail transit vehicle, putting the parts into a polyvinyl fluoride bag, putting the parts for a certain time under the constant temperature and humidity condition of an environmental test chamber, and collecting the gas in the bag at a certain collection speed by using a Tenax sampling tube;
after the Tenax sampling tube is thermally desorbed, detecting by using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer with a shunting port arranged at the tail end, respectively flowing shunted samples to the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer and a sniffer, obtaining a peak value-time spectrogram by using the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, and contrasting a standard curve to obtain substances corresponding to different retention times; the odor strength, the odor type and the retention time of smells are recorded at an outlet by using a sniffer, qualitative analysis is carried out on odor substances according to the retention time, parts from which the odor substances of the whole vehicle are sourced are screened out according to a test result of the whole vehicle, the odor relation between the whole vehicle and the parts is established, and the odor tracing from the whole vehicle to the parts is realized;
performing odor test analysis on raw materials used for main parts of the whole vehicle, wherein the raw materials are put into a polyvinyl fluoride bag, placed for a certain time under the conditions of constant temperature and constant humidity of an environmental test chamber, and gas in the bag is collected at a certain collection speed by using a Tenax sampling tube;
after the Tenax sampling tube is thermally desorbed, detecting by using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer with a shunting port arranged at the tail end, respectively flowing shunted samples to the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer and a sniffer, obtaining a peak value-time spectrogram by using the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, and contrasting a standard curve to obtain substances corresponding to different retention times; the odor strength, the odor type and the odor time of the smell are recorded at the outlet by using the sniffer, the odor substances are qualitatively analyzed according to the retention time, the materials from which the odor substances of the whole vehicle are sourced are screened out according to the test results of the whole vehicle and the parts, the odor relation of the whole vehicle, the parts and the materials is established, and the odor tracing from the whole vehicle to the parts to the materials is realized.
Compared with the traditional smell evaluation method, the method for detecting the smell source in the car is convenient and simple, the accuracy and the reliability of test data are ensured, and a control direction is provided for controlling the smell in the car in the rail transit industry.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An in-vehicle odor source detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting the in-vehicle gas of the sealed target vehicle by using a Tenax sampling pipe, and carrying out thermal desorption on the in-vehicle gas collected by the Tenax sampling pipe to obtain an in-vehicle gas sample;
a part of the in-vehicle gas sample obtained after thermal desorption is processed by a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer to obtain a first corresponding relation between a gas mass peak and retention time, and the other part of the in-vehicle gas sample is processed by an olfactory discrimination instrument to determine a second corresponding relation between odor intensity, odor type and retention time;
determining a gas substance peak and retention time corresponding to the odor intensity meeting the preset relationship according to the first corresponding relationship and the second corresponding relationship, and determining a first target gas substance in the gas sample in the vehicle by combining the preset gas substance peak, retention time and corresponding relationship of the gas substance;
respectively placing each part in a target vehicle into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, carrying out an experiment in an environmental test chamber, collecting a gas sample of each part by using a Tenax sampling tube, and determining a second target gas substance of the gas sample of each part;
and using the part corresponding to the second target gas substance matched with the first target gas substance as the part of the smell source in the vehicle.
2. The method for detecting the odor source in the vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Tenax sampling tube is filled with one or more adsorbents, and both ends of the Tenax sampling tube are plugged with stainless steel mesh or glass fiber wool; various adsorbents are filled in the Tenax sampling tube according to adsorption capacity, the adsorbent with weak adsorption capacity is close to the sampling opening end of the Tenax sampling tube, and the adsorbents are mutually separated.
3. The method for detecting the odor source in the vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the collecting the air in the vehicle of the sealed target vehicle using the Tenax sampling tube comprises:
and after the target vehicle is subjected to sealing treatment for at least 10 hours, connecting the Tenax pipe with a sampling pump in the target vehicle, and adjusting the flow of the sampling pump to obtain the in-vehicle gas with a certain volume.
4. The method for detecting the odor source in the vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein the flow rate of the sampling pump ranges from 0.02L/min to 0.5L/min, the flow rate is stable, and the flow rate error is less than 5%.
5. The method for detecting the odor source in the vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steps of placing each part inside the target vehicle into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag and performing the experiment in an environmental test chamber, and collecting the gas sample of each part by using a Tenax sampling tube comprise:
respectively putting each part in a target vehicle into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag with at least two switch valves, filling high-purity nitrogen with a first preset volume into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, sealing the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, and evacuating gas in the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag by using a diaphragm vacuum pump;
filling a second preset volume of high-purity nitrogen into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, and putting the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag into an environmental test chamber;
and placing the sample in the environmental test chamber for a first preset time under the conditions of preset temperature and preset humidity, and collecting gas samples of all parts by using a Tenax sampling tube.
6. The in-vehicle odor source detection method of claim 1 wherein said determining a second target gas species for each part gas sample comprises:
performing thermal desorption on the collected part gas to obtain a part gas sample, enabling one part of the part gas sample to obtain a third corresponding relation between a gas mass peak and retention time through a gas mass spectrometer, and enabling the other part of the part gas sample to determine a fourth corresponding relation between the odor intensity, the odor type and the retention time through an odor identification instrument;
and determining a gas substance peak and retention time corresponding to the odor intensity meeting the preset relationship according to the third corresponding relationship and the fourth corresponding relationship, and determining a second target gas substance in the part gas sample by combining the preset gas substance peak, retention time and corresponding relationship of the gas substance.
7. The in-vehicle odor source detecting method as set forth in claim 1, wherein after determining in-vehicle odor source components, the method further comprises:
placing raw materials of the automobile interior odor source parts into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, carrying out an experiment in an environmental test chamber, collecting gas samples of all the raw materials by using a Tenax sampling tube, and determining third target gas substances of all the raw material gas samples;
and using a raw material corresponding to a third target gas substance matching the second target gas substance as an in-vehicle smell source raw material.
8. The method for detecting odor source in a vehicle as claimed in claim 7, wherein the placing raw materials of the odor source components in the vehicle into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag and performing the experiment in the environmental test chamber comprises:
respectively putting raw materials of odor source parts in the vehicle into a polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag with at least two switch valves, filling a third preset volume of high-purity nitrogen into the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, sealing the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag, and evacuating gas in the polyvinyl fluoride sampling bag by using a diaphragm vacuum pump;
flushing a fourth preset volume of high-purity nitrogen into the gas, and placing the gas into an environmental test chamber;
and placing the sample in the environmental test chamber for a second preset time under the conditions of preset temperature and preset humidity, and collecting gas samples of the raw materials by using a Tenax sampling tube.
9. The in-vehicle odor source detection method of claim 7 wherein said determining a third target gas species for each raw material gas sample comprises:
carrying out thermal desorption on the collected raw material gas to obtain a raw material gas sample, enabling one part of the raw material gas sample to pass through a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer to obtain a fifth corresponding relation between a gas substance peak and retention time, and enabling the other part of the raw material gas sample to pass through an olfactory recognition instrument to determine a sixth corresponding relation between odor intensity, odor type and retention time;
and determining a gas substance peak and retention time corresponding to the odor intensity meeting the preset relationship according to the fifth corresponding relationship and the sixth corresponding relationship, and determining a third target gas substance in the raw material gas sample by combining the preset gas substance peak, retention time and corresponding relationship of the gas substance.
10. The method for detecting the odor source in the vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the thermal desorption of the vehicle interior gas collected by the Tenax sampling tube comprises:
and placing the Tenax sampling tube on a thermal desorption instrument for heating, so that the gas sample in the vehicle is desorbed from the adsorbent of the Tenax sampling tube.
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