CN111766213A - Online calibration method and device for spectral radiation of unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted infrared spectrometer - Google Patents
Online calibration method and device for spectral radiation of unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted infrared spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111766213A CN111766213A CN202010635091.1A CN202010635091A CN111766213A CN 111766213 A CN111766213 A CN 111766213A CN 202010635091 A CN202010635091 A CN 202010635091A CN 111766213 A CN111766213 A CN 111766213A
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
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Abstract
The invention discloses an on-line calibration method and device for spectral radiation of an unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted infrared spectrometer, wherein the device comprises the infrared spectrometer, a three-axis turntable, a radiation calibration black body and a radiation calibration control circuit; the infrared spectrometer is arranged below the unmanned aerial vehicle body through the three-axis turntable; the radiation calibration black body is fixed at a position below the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle, which can be in direct view with the three-axis turntable, the radiation target surface of the radiation calibration black body faces an infrared window of the infrared spectrometer, and the infrared window of the infrared spectrometer is aligned to the radiation target surface as required by controlling the three-axis turntable to rotate; the calibration control circuit is electrically connected with the radiation calibration black body; the three-axis turntable is connected with an upper computer; the calibration control circuit is used for finishing temperature control and temperature setting of the radiometric calibration black body, and after receiving a calibration instruction and high and low temperature point parameters sent by the upper computer, the calibration control circuit starts to finish the online radiometric calibration of the infrared spectrometer according to the flow of the calibration method. The invention well realizes airborne online two-point radiometric calibration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of spectrum detection, and particularly relates to an on-line calibration method and device for spectrum radiation of an unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted infrared spectrometer.
Background
The online radiation calibration of the infrared spectrometer is the technical basis for determining the performance index of the spectrum gas remote measuring and alarming system. The radiometric calibration refers to converting an original voltage signal acquired by a spectral imager into absolute spectral radiant energy (such as radiant brightness, radiant illuminance, radiant temperature, etc.), and the process relates to a radiometric calibration method, a stable calibration radiation source, a radiometric calibration process and a radiometric calibration device, etc.
The traditional practice is to calibrate in the laboratory and to install the calibrated radiation source inside the infrared spectrometer.
The helicopter-mounted infrared spectrometer is susceptible to severe drift caused by environmental temperature changes, and therefore, the first method is not feasible.
However, due to the limitation of the installation space and load of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the relevant parts required by online radiometric calibration are assembled inside the airborne infrared spectrometer, which brings the engineering problems of system volume, weight, heat dissipation and the like, and therefore, the second method is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to better detect the spectral characteristics of an observation target by the airborne infrared spectrometer, the invention adopts the technical scheme that a radiometric calibration black body is directly arranged at the opposite position of an unmanned machine body, and an infrared window of the airborne infrared spectrometer is aligned to the radiation target surface of the black body by controlling an airborne platform so as to meet the on-line on-site radiometric calibration use requirement of the infrared imaging infrared spectrometer.
Specifically, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and designs the calibration method and the device for the on-board radiation of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Specifically, the technical scheme of the online radiometric calibration method for the unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted infrared spectrometer comprises the following steps:
1) fixing the infrared spectrometer on a three-axis turntable, wherein the three-axis turntable is arranged below the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
2) the radiation surface of the radiation calibration black body faces the infrared window of the infrared spectrometer, and the online radiation calibration of the infrared spectrometer is completed by controlling the three-axis rotary table to rotate to enable the infrared window of the infrared spectrometer to be aligned to the corresponding radiation target surface as required.
3) Furthermore, the radiation calibration black body has the functions of electric refrigeration and electric heating.
4) Further, the radiation calibration black body can also utilize the surface of a heat dissipation water tank on the unmanned aerial vehicle as a high-temperature radiation surface, and meanwhile, a normal-temperature metal plate is installed on one side of the heat dissipation water tank, and the surface of the metal plate is used as a low-temperature radiation surface.
The calibration method of the invention adopts the following steps:
1) firstly, controlling the radiometric calibration black body to be in a low-temperature state, namely driving the calibration control circuit to refrigerate, and simultaneously feeding back the state information of the radiometric calibration black body to the infrared spectrometer for low-temperature radiation information acquisition by the calibration control circuit through temperature feedback after the temperature is stable;
2) after low-temperature calibration data information is collected, the calibration control circuit drives and heats the calibration black body, the radiation calibration black body is controlled to be in a high-temperature state, temperature control is carried out through temperature feedback, and when the temperature of a high-temperature point is stable, the calibration control circuit feeds back the state information of the calibration device to the infrared spectrometer for high-temperature radiation information collection;
3) after the information of the high-temperature and low-temperature calibration images is collected, the information processing unit completes the online real-time radiation calibration of the infrared spectrometer by using a two-point correction algorithm.
The miniaturized infrared ray radiation calibrating device of the invention mainly comprises:
the device comprises an infrared spectrometer, a three-axis turntable, a radiometric calibration black body and a radiometric calibration control circuit;
the infrared spectrometer is fixed on a three-axis rotary table, and the three-axis rotary table is hung and installed below the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
the radiation calibration black body is fixed at a position below the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle, which can be in sight with the three-axis turntable, the radiation surface of the radiation calibration black body faces the infrared window of the infrared spectrometer, and the infrared window of the infrared spectrometer is aligned to the corresponding radiation target surface as required by controlling the three-axis turntable to rotate;
the radiation calibration black body has the functions of electric refrigeration and electric heating, and the calibration control circuit is installed in the unmanned aerial vehicle and is respectively and electrically connected with the upper computer and the radiation calibration black body;
the three-axis turntable is connected with the upper computer through a serial port;
the unmanned aerial vehicle respectively supplies power to the infrared spectrometer, the three-axis turntable and the scaling control circuit;
when the onboard infrared spectrometer needs to perform spectral radiation calibration, the upper computer sends a calibration instruction through the serial port, the three-axis turntable 30 receives the calibration instruction and starts to rotate, so that the azimuth axis of the three-axis turntable rotates to 180 degrees, the rotation angles of the pitch axis and the roll axis are 0 degree, and the infrared window of the infrared spectrometer is opposite to the radiation target surface of the radiation calibration black body;
the calibration control circuit is used for finishing temperature control on the radiometric calibration black body and simultaneously comprises high and low temperature point parameter setting, and after receiving a calibration instruction and high and low temperature point parameters sent by an upper computer, the calibration control circuit starts to finish the online radiometric calibration of the infrared spectrometer according to the flow of the calibration method.
Compared with the prior radiometric calibration technology, the technical scheme of the device has the advantages of compact structural layout, capability of obviously reducing the volume and the weight of the on-board online radiometric calibration device and capability of meeting the requirements of miniaturization and light weight of an on-board infrared imaging infrared spectrometer. And the semiconductor cooler can realize the refrigeration or heating of the black body radiation target surface as required, so that the temperature of the radiation calibration black body can be adjusted according to the calibration requirement, the two-point radiation calibration function of the infrared spectrometer is well realized, and better radiation calibration precision is provided for the airborne infrared imaging infrared spectrometer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and installation of an online calibration device in an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the on-line calibration method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the position relationship between the infrared spectrometer and the radiometric calibration black body when the on-line calibration device of the present invention is in operation.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position relationship between the radiation calibration of the infrared spectrometer and the radiation calibration black body of the on-line calibration device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of another embodiment of the online calibration apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the on-line calibration apparatus of the present invention includes an infrared spectrometer 10, a three-axis turntable 30, a radiometric black body 201, and a radiometric control circuit 202.
The infrared spectrometer 10 is fixed on a three-axis turntable 30, and the three-axis turntable 30 is installed below the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle 40.
Radiometric calibration black body 201 is fixed at the nearly tail of the fuselage below of unmanned aerial vehicle 40 and can be looked at the position with the triaxial revolving stage, radiometric calibration black body 201's radiation target surface orientation infrared spectrometer 10's infrared window, rotate through control triaxial revolving stage 30 and make infrared spectrometer 10 infrared window aim at corresponding radiation face as required.
The calibration control circuit 202 is installed in the unmanned aerial vehicle 40 and is respectively and electrically connected with the upper computer and the radiometric calibration black body 201;
the three-axis turntable 30 is connected with an upper computer through a serial port.
The unmanned aerial vehicle 40 respectively supplies power to the infrared spectrometer 10, the three-axis turntable 30 and the calibration control circuit 202.
When the onboard infrared spectrometer 10 needs to perform spectral radiation calibration, the upper computer sends a calibration instruction through the serial port, the three-axis turntable 30 receives the calibration instruction and starts to rotate, so that the azimuth axis 301 rotates to 180 degrees, the rotation angles of the pitch axis 302 and the roll axis 303 are 0 degree, and the infrared window 101 of the infrared spectrometer 10 is right opposite to the radiation target surface of the radiation calibration black body 201.
The calibration control circuit 202 is used for completing temperature control of the radiometric calibration black body 201, and meanwhile, high and low temperature point parameter setting is included, and after the calibration control circuit 202 receives a calibration instruction and high and low temperature point parameters sent by an upper computer, the online radiometric calibration of the infrared spectrometer is completed according to the flow of the calibration method.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the working principle and calibration flow of the online radiometric calibration device of the present invention are as follows:
the radiometric calibration black body 201 is installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle 40 at a specific position relative to the infrared spectrometer 10, and when the infrared spectrometer 10 with the infrared imaging function works normally, the radiometric calibration black body 201 is located outside the optical path of the infrared spectrometer 10. When the infrared spectrometer 10 needs to perform online radiation calibration, firstly, the onboard three-axis turntable 30 rotates the infrared window 101 of the infrared spectrometer 10 to a radiation calibration position facing the radiation target surface of the radiation calibration black body 201; then, the calibration control circuit 202 controls the semiconductor refrigerator to cool the target surface of the black body, and when the temperature of the target surface of the radiation calibration black body 201 reaches the required low temperature, the infrared spectrometer 10 performs low-temperature image data acquisition on the target surface of the radiation calibration black body 201; secondly, the calibration control circuit 202 controls the semiconductor refrigerator to heat the target surface of the radiation calibration black body 201, and when the temperature of the target surface of the radiation calibration black body 201 reaches the required high temperature, the infrared spectrometer 10 performs high-temperature image data acquisition on the radiation target surface of the radiation calibration black body 201; thirdly, the infrared imaging infrared spectrometer 10 finishes two-point radiation calibration by utilizing the acquired high and low temperature image information of the target surface of the radiation calibration black body 201; finally, the infrared spectrometer 10 is rotated to the operating position by movement of the on-board three-axis turret 30.
As shown in fig. 5, instead of the radiometric calibration black body 201, the surface of the radiator tank on the drone may be used as the high temperature radiating surface 401, while a normal temperature metal plate is installed on one side of the radiator tank, and the surface thereof is used as the low temperature radiating surface 402.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an online calibrating device of unmanned aerial vehicle carries infrared spectrometer spectral radiation, includes unmanned aerial vehicle (40), and its characterized in that still includes:
the device comprises an infrared spectrometer (10), a three-axis turntable (30), a radiometric calibration black body (201) and a radiometric calibration control circuit (202);
the infrared spectrometer (10) is fixed on a three-axis rotary table (30), and the three-axis rotary table (30) is hung and installed below the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle (40);
the radiation calibration black body (201) is fixed to a position, close to the tail and capable of being in line-of-sight with the three-axis rotary table (30), below the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle (40), the radiation target surface of the radiation calibration black body (201) faces an infrared window of the infrared spectrometer (10), and the infrared window of the infrared spectrometer (10) is aligned to the radiation target surface as required by controlling the three-axis rotary table (30) to rotate;
the calibration control circuit (202) is installed in the unmanned aerial vehicle (40) and is respectively and electrically connected with the upper computer and the radiation calibration black body (201);
the three-axis turntable (30) is connected with an upper computer through a communication port;
the unmanned aerial vehicle (40) respectively supplies power to the infrared spectrometer (10), the three-axis turntable (30) and the calibration control circuit (202);
the radiometric calibration black body (201) has the functions of electric refrigeration and electric heating, the calibration control circuit (202) is used for controlling the temperature of the radiometric calibration black body (201) and simultaneously comprises the setting of high and low temperature point parameters, and after the calibration control circuit (202) receives a calibration instruction and the high and low temperature point parameters sent by an upper computer, the online radiometric calibration of the infrared spectrometer is completed according to the flow of the calibration method.
2. The utility model provides an online calibrating device of unmanned aerial vehicle carries infrared spectrometer spectral radiation which characterized in that includes:
the system comprises an infrared spectrometer (10), a three-axis turntable (30), a high-temperature radiation surface (401) which is formed by utilizing the surface of a radiating water tank on an unmanned aerial vehicle, a normal-temperature metal plate which is arranged at one side of the radiating water tank, and a low-temperature radiation surface (402) which is formed by utilizing the surface of the normal-temperature metal plate and a radiation calibration control circuit (202);
the infrared spectrometer (10) is fixed on a three-axis rotary table (30), and the three-axis rotary table (30) is installed at a position below the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle (40);
controlling the three-axis turntable (30) to rotate to enable the infrared window of the infrared spectrometer (10) to be aligned to the corresponding radiation surface as required;
the calibration control circuit (202) is installed in the unmanned aerial vehicle (40) and is electrically connected with the upper computer;
the three-axis turntable (30) is connected with an upper computer through a communication port;
the unmanned aerial vehicle (40) supplies power to the infrared spectrometer (10), the three-axis rotary table (30) and the calibration control circuit (202) respectively.
3. The on-line scaling apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
when the airborne infrared spectrometer (10) needs to perform spectral radiation calibration, the upper computer sends a calibration instruction through the serial port, the three-axis turntable (30) receives the calibration instruction and starts to rotate, so that the azimuth axis (301) of the three-axis turntable rotates to 180 degrees, the rotation angles of the pitch axis (302) and the transverse axis (303) are 0 degree, and the infrared window (101) of the infrared spectrometer (10) is opposite to the radiation target surface of the radiation calibration black body (201).
4. The on-line scaling apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the three-axis turntable (30) is connected with an upper computer through a serial port.
5. An on-line calibration method for the spectrum radiation on-line calibration device of the unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted infrared spectrometer according to claim 1, 3 or 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, the radiation calibration black body (201) is controlled to be in a low-temperature state, namely the calibration control circuit (202) drives to refrigerate, and meanwhile, through temperature feedback, after the temperature is stable, the calibration control circuit (202) feeds back the state information of the radiation calibration black body (201) to the infrared spectrometer (10) for low-temperature radiation information acquisition;
2) after low-temperature calibration data information is collected, the calibration control circuit (202) drives heating, the radiometric calibration black body (201) is controlled to be in a high-temperature state, temperature control is carried out through temperature feedback, and after the temperature of a high-temperature point is stable, the calibration control circuit (202) feeds back the state information of the calibration device to the infrared spectrometer (10) for high-temperature radiation information collection;
3) after the information of the high-temperature and low-temperature calibration images is collected, the information processing unit completes the online real-time radiation calibration of the infrared spectrometer by using a two-point correction algorithm.
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| CN112964653A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-15 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Device and method for calibrating radiation before emission of satellite-borne interference type infrared hyperspectral detector |
| CN113008390A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-22 | 中国人民解放军63660部队 | Large-caliber spherical high-temperature surface source black body |
| CN113218514A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-06 | 西北工业大学 | Blackbody radiation source device and method for measuring and correcting atmospheric transmittance |
| CN114112967A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-03-01 | 昆明物理研究所 | Unmanned aerial vehicle carries chemical gas infrared detection system |
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Inventor after: Yang Zhixiong Inventor after: Duan Shaoli Inventor after: Wang Hongwei Inventor after: Zeng Yi Inventor after: Wang Boyang Inventor after: Pang Lingling Inventor after: Zhang Weifeng Inventor after: Zhang Peizhong Inventor after: Zheng Weijian Inventor after: Lei Zhenggang Inventor after: Yan Min Inventor after: Yu Chunchao Inventor after: Zheng Chuanwu Inventor after: Wang Lingzhi Inventor before: Zhang Weifeng Inventor before: Duan Shaoli Inventor before: Wang Hongwei Inventor before: Zeng Yi Inventor before: Wang Boyang Inventor before: Pang Lingling Inventor before: Yang Zhixiong Inventor before: Zhang Peizhong Inventor before: Zheng Weijian Inventor before: Lei Zhenggang Inventor before: Yan Min Inventor before: Yu Chunchao Inventor before: Zheng Chuanwu Inventor before: Wang Lingzhi |