CN111765922A - Blade real-time monitoring system and monitoring method based on threshing and fine wind distribution - Google Patents
Blade real-time monitoring system and monitoring method based on threshing and fine wind distribution Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B5/00—Stripping tobacco; Treatment of stems or ribs
- A24B5/10—Stripping tobacco; Treatment of stems or ribs by crushing the leaves with subsequent separating
Abstract
The invention relates to a real-time monitoring system and a monitoring method for a tobacco leaf based on threshing and fine air separation, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco monitoring. The blade real-time monitoring system comprises a fine threshing and air distributing device, a light-controlled beam system, an air-controlled machine and a computer, wherein the light-controlled beam system comprises an adjustable laser, an optical coupler, an electro-optical modulator, a light-controlled delay unit, an optical fiber signal amplifier, a photoelectric detector array, a radio frequency antenna I, a radio frequency antenna II and a vector network analyzer. The real-time blade monitoring device in the wind division process can realize on-line detection, simultaneously calculate the track and the rotating speed of the blade according to the orbital angular momentum of the blade, adjust the division speed and the size of the wind division machine according to the calculation parameters, improve the monitoring precision and efficiency and reduce the loss caused by non-real-time feedback.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a real-time monitoring system and a monitoring method for a tobacco leaf based on threshing and fine air separation, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco monitoring.
Background
In the tobacco industry, the threshing and air separating machine is used for separating tobacco leaves by air in the air separating process and then adjusting the direction and the size of air, so that the quality and the efficiency of air separation are seriously influenced. In order to meet the requirements of each threshing and redrying plant on the quality, efficiency and automation of a production line, the problem of insufficient threshing and air separation in the prior art is solved, and the production capacity and the air separation effect are further improved. Through design real-time supervision blade dynamic information collection before whole wind divides the pipeline, carry out real-time processing and the quick optimization wind direction and the amount of wind to the information of gathering. By obtaining more ideal winnowing effect. The method saves cost and can greatly improve the efficiency of the production line.
The existing wind direction and air quantity adjusting method is that the distribution condition of blades separated by tobacco leaf wind is manually checked, then the wind direction and air quantity are adjusted, and the expected effect can be achieved only by adjusting for many times, so that the efficiency is very low, the working strength is high, the sampling feedback has hysteresis, and when the ideal state is adjusted, a large number of blades which are not regularly distributed are separated by a wind separating machine, so that the serious waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a real-time blade monitoring system and a monitoring method based on threshing and fine air separation, aiming at the problems of the existing threshing and air separation machine; the real-time blade monitoring system based on threshing and fine wind separation can realize on-line monitoring in the wind separation process, simultaneously measure the orbital angular momentum of the blades to calculate the track and the rotating speed of the blades, adjust the speed separation and the size of the wind separation machine according to the calculation parameters, improve the monitoring precision and efficiency and reduce the loss caused by non-real-time feedback.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a real-time blade monitoring system based on threshing and fine air distribution comprises a threshing and fine air distribution device, a light-controlled beam system 4, an air controller 7 and a computer, wherein the threshing and fine air distribution device comprises a separation bin 1, a tobacco leaf conveyor belt 3, a lower bin body 5 and a fan 6, the separation bin 1 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the lower bin body 5, the fan 6 is fixedly arranged at the top of the separation bin 1, the tobacco leaf conveyor belt 3 is obliquely arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the separation bin 1 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the separation bin 1, the end of the tobacco leaf conveyor belt 3 far away from the separation bin 1 is a tobacco leaf conveyor belt I end, the contact end of the tobacco leaf conveyor belt 3 and the separation bin 1 is a tobacco leaf conveyor belt II end, and the tobacco leaf conveyor;
the wind control machine 7 is arranged on the outer side of the fan 6 of the threshing fine wind distribution device and is electrically connected with the fan 6;
the light-operated beam system 4 comprises a tunable laser, an optical coupler, an electro-optic modulator 9, a light-operated delay unit 11, an optical fiber signal amplifier 10, a photoelectric detector array 12, a radio frequency antenna I2, a radio frequency antenna II13 and a vector network analyzer 14, wherein the tunable laser, the optical coupler, the electro-optic modulator 9, the light-operated delay unit 11, the optical fiber signal amplifier 10, the photoelectric detector array 12, the radio frequency antenna I2, the radio frequency antenna II13 and the vector network analyzer 14 form an optical loop;
the light source emitting end of the tunable laser is communicated with the light source inlet of the optical coupler, the light source output end of the optical coupler is in optical communication with the light source inlet of the wavelength division multiplexer, the light source output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is in optical communication with the light source inlet of the electro-optical modulator 9, the sweep frequency signal output end of the vector network analyzer 14 is communicated with the radio frequency signal receiving end of the electro-optical modulator 9, the signal output end of the electro-optical modulator 9 is sequentially communicated with the optical fiber signal amplifier 10 and the optical delay unit 11, the photoelectric detector array 12 is communicated, a monitoring radio frequency electric signal output by the photoelectric detector array 12 is sent to a radio frequency antenna I2 and a radio frequency antenna II13, the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13 respectively transmit the monitoring radio frequency electric signal to the fan blade, and a feedback radio frequency electric signal reflected by the fan blade is received by the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13 and then is transmitted to the vector network analyzer 14;
the adjustable laser, the wind control machine 7 and the vector network analyzer 14 are electrically connected with a computer;
the vector network analyzer 14 is configured to generate a set sweep frequency signal, receive and analyze a feedback radio frequency electrical signal reflected by the fan blade, and transmit an analysis result of the feedback radio frequency electrical signal reflected by the fan blade to a computer;
the optical fiber signal amplifier 10 is configured to perform signal amplification processing on the double-sideband modulation signal to obtain an amplified double-sideband modulation signal;
the optical control delay unit 12 is configured to perform delay processing on the amplified double-sideband modulation signal to obtain an amplified optical signal;
the photoelectric detector is used for detecting and amplifying the optical signal and beating the optical signal to obtain a radio frequency electric signal;
the computer controls the wavelength and the power of the continuous adjustable light source 8 emitted by the adjustable laser, controls the wind control machine to carry out fine operation on the fan, processes the blade position and angular velocity information data acquired by the vector network analyzer 14, integrates the angular velocity analysis result and the blade position information data, and controls the electrical output of the wind control machine.
Further, a light source emitting end of the tunable laser is communicated with a light source inlet of the optical coupler through a polarization maintaining optical fiber, a light source output end of the optical coupler is communicated with a light source inlet of the wavelength division multiplexer through the polarization maintaining optical fiber, a light source output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is communicated with a light source inlet of the electro-optical modulator 9 through the polarization maintaining optical fiber, a radio frequency signal output end of the vector network analyzer 14 is communicated with a radio frequency signal receiving end of the electro-optical modulator 9 through the polarization maintaining optical fiber, a signal output end of the electro-optical modulator 9 is communicated with the optical fiber signal amplifier 10, the optical delay unit 11 and the photoelectric detector array 12 through the polarization maintaining optical fiber in sequence, a monitoring radio frequency electric signal output by the photoelectric detector array 12 is sent to the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13, the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13 respectively emit the monitoring radio frequency electric signal to the fan blade, and a feedback radio frequency electric signal reflected by the fan blade is received by An analyzer 14; the tunable laser emits a plurality of preset continuous tunable light sources 8, the plurality of preset continuous tunable light sources 8 enter the wavelength division multiplexer through the polarization maintaining fiber and the optical coupler to form a plurality of optical carrier signals 8, the plurality of optical carrier signals 8 are input into the electro-optical modulator 9, the set sweep frequency signal generated by the vector network analyzer 14 is input into the electro-optical modulator 9 to modulate the multi-channel optical carrier signal 8 to obtain a plurality of groups of double-sideband modulation signals, the plurality of groups of double-sideband modulation signals are amplified and delayed to obtain amplified optical signals, the amplified optical signals are subjected to beat frequency detection by the photoelectric detector of the photoelectric detector array 12 to obtain monitoring radio frequency electrical signals, the monitoring radio frequency electrical signals are sent to the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13, the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13 emit the monitoring radio frequency electrical signals to scan the fan blade, and the feedback radio frequency electrical signals reflected by the fan blade are received by the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13 and are transmitted to the vector network.
Furthermore, the light-controlled beam system 4 further includes a polarization controller electrically connected to the polarization maintaining fiber.
Furthermore, 4 paths of preset continuous adjustable light sources 8 are emitted by the adjustable laser, and the line width is 1 KHz; the bandwidth of the photoelectric detector is 30GHz, the working frequency of the radio frequency antenna is 17GHz, the bandwidth is 4GHz, the optical coupler is used for coupling a plurality of paths of optical signals and outputting power of one-to-four and the like, the polarization controller is used for adjusting the polarization direction of light, the polarization direction is 2 pi, and the frequency range of the vector network analyzer 14 is 0-40 GHz; the monitoring radio frequency electric signals are 4 paths of radio frequency electric signals to form a dual-mode reverse superposition state monitoring radio frequency vortex wave, and the OAM modes of the monitoring radio frequency vortex wave are that the phase information of the 4 paths of radio frequency electric signals is respectively in a mode of < m >, < m >.
A protective box body is arranged on the outer side of the light-operated beam system 4, and the photoelectric detector arrays 12 are arranged on the inner side plate of the protective box body at equal intervals; the radio frequency antenna 13 is arranged on the inner side wall of the protective box body through a support bracket.
The tunable laser adopts a tunable DFB laser with the coherence length of 1m, the rated power of 5dBm and the laser wavelength of 1053 nm.
The adjustable laser is connected with a CAMLINK interface I of an industrial computer through a data line I, a CAMLINK interface of the wind control machine 7 is connected with a CAMLINK interface II of the computer through a data line II, and the vector network analyzer 14 is connected with a CAMLINK interface III of the computer through a data line III.
Preferably, the tunable laser is a DBF laser, the electro-optic modulator 9 is a mach-zehnder modulator MZM, the frequency sweep signal transmitted to the electro-optic modulator 9 by the vector network analyzer 14 is a frequency sweep signal of 1 GHz-20 GHz, the optical fiber signal amplifier is an erbium-doped optical fiber signal amplifier EDFA, and the multiple groups of double-sideband modulation signals are amplified to obtain an optical signal of 13.7 dBm;
preferably, the optically controlled delay cell 11 is composed of a polarization maintaining fiber with a fixed distance difference;
a real-time blade monitoring method based on threshing and fine wind distribution adopts a real-time blade monitoring system based on threshing and fine wind distribution to monitor, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the pointing angle before the spiral phase plane is formed is generated by the delay fiber of fig. 4 and has the expression:
wherein c is the propagation speed and delay difference of light in vacuum;
(2) the spiral beam pointing angle is simplified to:
(3) the vortex electromagnetic wave with the spiral phase surface is transmitted through the radio frequency antenna, when the blade is detected, a dual-superposition OAM mode is adopted, the dual-superposition OAM mode is recorded as the sum of two different OAM states, and the dual-superposition state vortex wave formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the coordinate value of a columnar coordinate system taking the wave axis as the center is taken as vortex phase characteristic, D is a current density vector constant related to the antenna, and D is an OAM mode number, the amplitude wave front characteristic of the electromagnetic wave is taken as an additional phase characteristic of the electromagnetic wave except for a vortex phase item;
(4) for two different OAM modes of step (3), the resulting doppler shift difference is:
wherein, the difference is Doppler frequency shift, and Ω is the rotation speed of the rotating blade;
(5) the vortex wave is reflected by the rotating blades and then has a phase difference and a frequency shift of a frequency spectrum
Wherein, is the incident frequency;
(6) at the time t, the vortex wave emission time is t0The time t is the time t for the vortex wave to be received after being reflected by the rotating blades1The interval between the receiving time and the transmitting time of the vortex wave is T ═ T1-t0Then at time t, the distance between the blade and the RF antenna is
L is the position distance and the vortex wave speed;
(7) and (4) positioning the position of the blade which is used for cutting the fine breeze by the distance between the blade and the radio frequency antenna at the time t through the frequency shift of the frequency spectrum in the step (5) and the step (6) to realize real-time monitoring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the light beam transmission of the invention adopts optical fiber transmission, which can reduce the usage amount of optical elements and reduce the influence of error or unstable factors on the measurement of the orientation and rotation state of the fan blade; meanwhile, only the transmitting antenna of the measuring component is placed in the wind extension, and the rest components are placed outside and are not combined with the wind extension, so that the shock absorption effect can be achieved, stable and reliable signals can be generated, and further, the influence caused by vibration of the wind extension is further avoided;
(2) the fan blade real-time monitoring and device can quickly detect all information of the blade, and solves the technical problems that the traditional detection adopts a camera to shoot, only fixed photo information can be obtained, no dynamic information of the fan blade exists, and the direction and the air quantity of the fan cannot be fed back and controlled in real time;
(3) the method can completely obtain the dynamic information of the fan blade through the light-operated beam system, and has the characteristics of high resolution, high efficiency and the like; the light control beam system receives the dynamic three-dimensional information of the blade, and can completely restore the track of the blade; the monitoring of real-time blade is carried out through the computer, and the position and the angular velocity of blade are obtained through the monitoring of vortex wave, so that the blade detection is more accurate. Sending the obtained parameters to a computer, analyzing and calculating to obtain new fan row parameters, and sending the parameters to a wind control device to control the direction and the size of the extension set;
(4) the method can greatly improve the monitoring precision and efficiency and reduce the waste of materials; and can show the three-dimensional full view of blade on the display screen, make things convenient for the staff to examine and analyze the state of judging blade in the extension, then carry out the improvement of threshing wind extension.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a threshing and air-separating process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a real-time blade monitoring system based on threshing and fine wind distribution;
FIG. 3 is a layout view of a threshing air separation monitoring system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical delay system;
wherein: the system comprises a 1-separation bin, a 2-radio frequency antenna I, a 3-tobacco leaf conveyor belt, a 4-light-controlled beam system, a 5-lower bin body, a 6-fan, a 7-air-controlled machine, an 8-adjustable laser light source, a 9-electro-optical modulator, a 10-optical fiber signal amplifier, an 11-light-controlled delay unit, a 12-photoelectric detector array, a 13-radio frequency antenna II, a 14-vector network analyzer and a 15-delay line.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1: the technological process of threshing and air separating is shown in figure 1, tobacco leaves are threshed into leaves by a thresher and then conveyed to four-stage air separating units for step-by-step fine air separation, and each air separating unit is provided with a free leaf real-time monitoring system;
a real-time blade monitoring system (shown in figures 2 and 3) based on threshing and fine air distribution comprises a threshing and fine air distribution device, a light-operated beam system 4, a wind control machine 7 and a computer, wherein the threshing and fine air distribution device comprises a separation bin 1, a tobacco leaf conveyor belt 3, a lower bin body 5 and a fan 6, the separation bin 1 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the lower bin body 5, the fan 6 is fixedly arranged at the top of the separation bin 1, the tobacco leaf conveyor belt 3 is obliquely arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the separation bin 1 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the separation bin 1, the end of the tobacco leaf conveyor belt 3 far away from the separation bin 1 is a tobacco leaf conveyor belt I end, the contact end of the tobacco leaf conveyor belt 3 and the separation bin 1 is a tobacco leaf conveyor belt II end, and the;
the wind control machine 7 is arranged on the outer side of the fan 6 of the threshing fine wind distribution device and is electrically connected with the fan 6;
the light-operated beam system 4 comprises a tunable laser, an optical coupler, an electro-optic modulator 9, a light-operated delay unit 11, an optical fiber signal amplifier 10, a photoelectric detector array 12, a radio frequency antenna I2, a radio frequency antenna II13 and a vector network analyzer 14, wherein the tunable laser, the optical coupler, the electro-optic modulator 9, the light-operated delay unit 11, the optical fiber signal amplifier 10, the photoelectric detector array 12, the radio frequency antenna I2, the radio frequency antenna II13 and the vector network analyzer 14 form an optical loop;
the light source emitting end of the tunable laser is communicated with the light source inlet of the optical coupler, the light source output end of the optical coupler is in optical communication with the light source inlet of the wavelength division multiplexer, the light source output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is in optical communication with the light source inlet of the electro-optical modulator 9, the sweep frequency signal output end of the vector network analyzer 14 is communicated with the radio frequency signal receiving end of the electro-optical modulator 9, the signal output end of the electro-optical modulator 9 is sequentially communicated with the optical fiber signal amplifier 10 and the optical delay unit 11, the photoelectric detector array 12 is communicated, a monitoring radio frequency electric signal output by the photoelectric detector array 12 is sent to a radio frequency antenna I2 and a radio frequency antenna II13, the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13 respectively transmit the monitoring radio frequency electric signal to the fan blade, and a feedback radio frequency electric signal reflected by the fan blade is received by the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13 and then is transmitted to the vector network analyzer 14;
the adjustable laser, the wind control machine 7 and the vector network analyzer 14 are electrically connected with a computer;
the vector network analyzer 14 is configured to generate a set sweep frequency signal, receive and analyze a feedback radio frequency electrical signal reflected by the fan blade, and transmit an analysis result of the feedback radio frequency electrical signal reflected by the fan blade to a computer;
the optical fiber signal amplifier 10 is configured to perform signal amplification processing on the double-sideband modulation signal to obtain an amplified double-sideband modulation signal;
the optical control delay unit 12 is configured to perform delay processing on the amplified double-sideband modulation signal to obtain an amplified optical signal;
the photoelectric detector is used for detecting and amplifying the optical signal and beating the optical signal to obtain a radio frequency electric signal;
the computer controls the wavelength and the power of the continuous adjustable light source 8 emitted by the adjustable laser, controls the wind control machine to carry out fine operation on the fan, processes the blade position and angular velocity information data acquired by the vector network analyzer 14, integrates the angular velocity analysis result and the blade position information data, and controls the electrical output of the wind control machine.
Example 2: the blade real-time monitoring system based on fine threshing and wind separating in the embodiment is basically consistent with the blade real-time monitoring system based on fine threshing and wind separating in the embodiment 1 in structure, and the difference lies in that:
the light source emission end of the tunable laser is communicated with the light source inlet of the optical coupler through a polarization maintaining optical fiber, the light source output end of the optical coupler is in optical communication with the light source inlet of the wavelength division multiplexer through the polarization maintaining optical fiber, the light source output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is in optical communication with the light source inlet of the electro-optical modulator 9 through the polarization maintaining optical fiber, the radio frequency signal output end of the vector network analyzer 14 is communicated with the radio frequency signal receiving end of the electro-optical modulator 9 through the polarization maintaining optical fiber, the signal output end of the electro-optical modulator 9 is sequentially communicated with the optical fiber signal amplifier 10 and the optical delay unit 11 through the polarization maintaining optical, the photoelectric detector array 12 is communicated, a monitoring radio frequency electric signal output by the photoelectric detector array 12 is sent to a radio frequency antenna I2 and a radio frequency antenna II13, the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13 respectively transmit the monitoring radio frequency electric signal to the fan blade, and a feedback radio frequency electric signal reflected by the fan blade is received by the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13 and then is transmitted to the vector network analyzer 14; the tunable laser emits a plurality of preset continuous tunable light sources 8, the plurality of preset continuous tunable light sources 8 enter the wavelength division multiplexer through the polarization maintaining fiber and the optical coupler to form a plurality of optical carrier signals 8, the plurality of optical carrier signals 8 are input into the electro-optical modulator 9, a set sweep frequency signal generated by a vector network analyzer 14 is input into an electro-optical modulator 9 to modulate a multi-channel optical carrier signal 8 to obtain a plurality of groups of double-sideband modulation signals, the plurality of groups of double-sideband modulation signals are amplified and delayed to obtain amplified optical signals, the amplified optical signals are subjected to beat frequency detection by a photoelectric detector of a photoelectric detector array 12 to obtain monitoring radio frequency electric signals, the monitoring radio frequency electric signals are sent to a radio frequency antenna I2 and a radio frequency antenna II13, the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13 emit the monitoring radio frequency electric signals to scan fan blades, and feedback radio frequency electric signals reflected by the fan blades are received by the radio frequency antenna I2 and the radio frequency antenna II13 and are transmitted to the vector network analyzer 14;
the light-controlled beam system 4 further comprises a polarization controller, and the polarization controller is electrically connected with the polarization-maintaining optical fiber;
4 paths of preset continuous adjustable light sources 8 are emitted by the adjustable laser, and the line width is 1 KHz; the bandwidth of the photoelectric detector is 30GHz, the working frequency of the radio frequency antenna is 17GHz, the bandwidth is 4GHz, the optical coupler is used for coupling a plurality of paths of optical signals and outputting power of one-to-four and the like, the polarization controller is used for adjusting the polarization direction of light, the polarization direction is 2 pi, and the frequency range of the vector network analyzer 14 is 0-40 GHz; the monitoring radio frequency electric signals are 4 paths of radio frequency electric signals to form a dual-mode reverse superposition state monitoring radio frequency vortex wave, the OAM mode of the monitoring radio frequency vortex wave is that the phase information of the 4 paths of radio frequency electric signals is respectively;
a protective box body is arranged on the outer side of the light-operated beam system 4, and the photoelectric detector arrays 12 are arranged on the inner side plate of the protective box body at equal intervals; the radio frequency antenna 13 is arranged on the inner side wall of the protective box body through a support bracket;
the adjustable laser adopts an adjustable DFB laser with the coherence length of 1m, the rated power of 5dBm and the laser wavelength of 1053 nm;
the adjustable laser is connected with a CAMLINK interface I of an industrial computer through a data line I, a CAMLINK interface of the wind control machine 7 is connected with a CAMLINK interface II of the computer through a data line II, and the vector network analyzer 14 is connected with a CAMLINK interface III of the computer through a data line III;
preferably, in this embodiment, the tunable laser is a DBF laser, the electro-optic modulator 9 is a mach-zehnder modulator MZM, the frequency sweep signal transmitted to the electro-optic modulator 9 by the vector network analyzer 14 is a frequency sweep signal of 1GHz to 20GHz, the optical fiber signal amplifier is an erbium-doped optical fiber signal amplifier EDFA, and the multiple sets of double-sideband modulation signals are amplified to obtain an optical signal of 13.7 dBm; preferably, the optically controlled delay cell 11 is composed of a polarization maintaining fiber with a fixed distance difference.
Example 3: the method for monitoring the blades in real time by adopting the blade real-time monitoring system based on threshing and fine wind separation in the embodiment 2 (see fig. 4) comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the pointing angle before the spiral phase plane is formed is generated by the delay fiber of fig. 4 and has the expression:
wherein c is the propagation speed and delay difference of light in vacuum;
(2) the spiral beam pointing angle is simplified to:
(3) the vortex electromagnetic wave with the spiral phase surface is transmitted through the radio frequency antenna, when the blade is detected, a dual-superposition OAM mode is adopted, the dual-superposition OAM mode is recorded as the sum of two different OAM states, and the dual-superposition state vortex wave formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the coordinate value of a columnar coordinate system taking the wave axis as the center is taken as vortex phase characteristic, D is a current density vector constant related to the antenna, and D is an OAM mode number, the amplitude wave front characteristic of the electromagnetic wave is taken as an additional phase characteristic of the electromagnetic wave except for a vortex phase item;
(4) for two different OAM modes of step (3), the resulting doppler shift difference is:
wherein, the difference is Doppler frequency shift, and Ω is the rotation speed of the rotating blade;
(5) the vortex wave is reflected by the rotating blades and then has a phase difference and a frequency shift of a frequency spectrum
Wherein, is the incident frequency;
(6) at the time t, the vortex wave emission time is t0The time t is the time t for the vortex wave to be received after being reflected by the rotating blades1The interval between the receiving time and the transmitting time of the vortex wave is T ═ T1-t0Then at time t, the distance between the blade and the RF antenna is
L is the position distance and the vortex wave speed;
(7) and (4) positioning the position of the blade which is used for cutting the fine breeze by the distance between the blade and the radio frequency antenna at the time t through the frequency shift of the frequency spectrum in the step (5) and the step (6) to realize real-time monitoring.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a blade real-time monitoring system based on meticulous minute wind of threshing which characterized in that: the tobacco leaf threshing and air separating machine comprises a threshing and fine air separating device, a light-operated beam system (4), an air control machine (7) and a computer, wherein the threshing and fine air separating device comprises a separating bin (1), a tobacco leaf conveying belt (3), a lower bin body (5) and a fan (6), the separating bin (1) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the lower bin body (5), the fan (6) is fixedly arranged at the top of the separating bin (1), the tobacco leaf conveying belt (3) is obliquely arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the separating bin (1) and is communicated with the inner cavity of the separating bin (1), the end of the tobacco leaf conveying belt (3) far away from the separating bin (1) is a tobacco leaf conveying belt I end, the contact end of the tobacco leaf conveying belt (3) and the separating bin (1) is a tobacco leaf conveying belt II;
the wind control machine (7) is arranged on the outer side of the fan (6) of the threshing fine wind distribution device and is electrically connected with the fan (6);
the light-operated beam system (4) comprises an adjustable laser, an optical coupler, an electro-optic modulator (9), a light-operated delay unit (11), an optical fiber signal amplifier (10), a photoelectric detector array (12), a radio frequency antenna I (2), a radio frequency antenna II (13) and a vector network analyzer (14), wherein the adjustable laser, the optical coupler, the electro-optic modulator (9), the light-operated delay unit (11), the optical fiber signal amplifier (10), the photoelectric detector array (12), the radio frequency antenna I (2), the radio frequency antenna II (13) and the vector network analyzer (14) form an optical loop;
the light source emitting end of the tunable laser is communicated with the light source inlet of the optical coupler, the light source output end of the optical coupler is in optical communication with the light source inlet of the wavelength division multiplexer, the light source output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is in optical communication with the light source inlet of the electro-optical modulator (9), the sweep frequency signal output end of the vector network analyzer (14) is communicated with the radio frequency signal receiving end of the electro-optical modulator (9), the signal output end of the electro-optical modulator (9) is sequentially communicated with the optical fiber signal amplifier (10), the optical delay unit (11) and the photoelectric detector array (12), the monitoring radio frequency electric signal output by the photoelectric detector array (12) is sent to the radio frequency antenna I (2) and the radio frequency antenna II (13), the radio frequency antenna I (2) and the radio frequency antenna II (13) respectively emit the monitoring radio frequency electric signal to the fan blade, and the feedback radio frequency electric signal reflected by the fan blade is received by the radio frequency antenna I (2) and the radio frequency (14) (ii) a
The adjustable laser, the wind control machine (7) and the vector network analyzer (14) are electrically connected with the computer;
the vector network analyzer (14) is used for generating a set sweep frequency signal, receiving and analyzing a feedback radio frequency electric signal reflected by the fan blade and transmitting an analysis result of the feedback radio frequency electric signal reflected by the fan blade to the computer;
the optical fiber signal amplifier (10) is used for carrying out signal amplification processing on the double-sideband modulation signal to obtain an amplified double-sideband modulation signal;
the light-operated delay unit (12) is used for carrying out delay processing on the amplified double-sideband modulation signal to obtain an amplified optical signal;
the photoelectric detector is used for detecting and amplifying the optical signal and beating the optical signal to obtain a radio frequency electric signal;
the computer controls the wavelength and the power of the continuous adjustable light source (8) emitted by the adjustable laser, controls the wind control machine to carry out fine operation on the fan, processes the blade position and angular velocity information data acquired by the vector network analyzer (14), integrates the angular velocity analysis result and the blade position information data, and controls the electrical output of the wind control machine.
2. The system for monitoring the blades based on the threshing and fine wind separation in real time as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the light source emitting end of the tunable laser is communicated with the light source inlet of the optical coupler through a polarization maintaining optical fiber, the light source output end of the optical coupler is communicated with the light source inlet of the wavelength division multiplexer through the polarization maintaining optical fiber, the light source output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is communicated with the light source inlet of the electro-optical modulator (9) through the polarization maintaining optical fiber, the radio frequency signal output end of the vector network analyzer (14) is communicated with the radio frequency signal receiving end of the electro-optical modulator (9) through the polarization maintaining optical fiber, the signal output end of the electro-optical modulator (9) is communicated with the optical fiber signal amplifier (10), the optical delay unit (11) and the photoelectric detector array (12) through the polarization maintaining optical fiber in sequence, the monitoring radio frequency electric signals output by the photoelectric detector array (12) are sent to the radio frequency antenna I (2) and the radio frequency antenna II (13), and the monitoring radio frequency electric signals are respectively emitted to the fan blade, the feedback radio frequency electric signal reflected by the fan blade is received by the radio frequency antenna I (2) and the radio frequency antenna II (13) and then transmitted to the vector network analyzer (14); the tunable laser emits a plurality of preset continuously tunable light sources (8), the plurality of preset continuously tunable light sources (8) enter a wavelength division multiplexer through a polarization maintaining optical fiber and an optical coupler to form a plurality of optical carrier signals (8), the plurality of optical carrier signals (8) are input into an electro-optical modulator (9), a set sweep frequency signal generated by a vector network analyzer (14) is input into the electro-optical modulator (9) to modulate the plurality of optical carrier signals (8) to obtain a plurality of groups of double-sideband modulation signals, the plurality of groups of double-sideband modulation signals are amplified and delayed to obtain amplified optical signals, the amplified optical signals are subjected to beat frequency detection by a photoelectric detector of a photoelectric detector array (12) to obtain monitoring radio frequency electrical signals and are sent to a radio frequency antenna I (2) and a radio frequency antenna II (13), the radio frequency antenna I (2) and the radio frequency antenna II (13) emit the monitoring radio frequency electrical signals to scan fan blades, the feedback radio frequency electric signal reflected by the fan blade is received by the radio frequency antenna I (2) and the radio frequency antenna II (13) and is transmitted to the vector network analyzer (14) for signal analysis.
3. The real-time monitoring system for the threshing fine-breeze-based blade according to claim 2, characterized in that: the light-operated beam system (4) further comprises a polarization controller, and the polarization controller is electrically connected with the polarization-maintaining optical fiber.
4. The real-time monitoring system for the blade based on the threshing and fine wind-separating of claim 3 is characterized in that: the adjustable laser emits 4 paths of preset continuous adjustable light sources (8), and the line width is 1 KHz; the bandwidth of the photoelectric detector is 30GHz, the working frequency of the radio frequency antenna is 17GHz, the bandwidth is 4GHz, the optical coupler is used for coupling a plurality of paths of optical signals and outputting power of one-to-four and the like, the polarization controller is used for adjusting the polarization direction of light, the polarization direction is 2 pi, and the frequency range of the vector network analyzer (14) is 0-40 GHz; the monitoring radio frequency electric signals are 4 paths of radio frequency electric signals to form a dual-mode reverse superposition state monitoring radio frequency vortex wave, and the OAM modes of the monitoring radio frequency vortex wave are that the phase information of the 4 paths of radio frequency electric signals is respectively in a mode of < m >, < m >.
5. The system for monitoring the blades based on the threshing and fine wind separation in real time as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a protective box body is arranged on the outer side of the light-operated beam system (4), and the photoelectric detector arrays (12) are arranged on an inner side plate of the protective box body at equal intervals; the radio frequency antenna (13) is arranged on the inner side wall of the protective box body through the supporting bracket.
6. The system for monitoring the blades based on the threshing and fine wind separation in real time as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tunable laser adopts a tunable DFB laser with the coherence length of 1m, the rated power of 5dBm and the laser wavelength of 1053 nm.
7. The system for monitoring the blades based on the threshing and fine wind separation in real time as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the adjustable laser is connected with a CAMLINK interface I of an industrial computer through a data line I, a CAMLINK interface of the wind control machine (7) is connected with a CAMLINK interface II of the computer through a data line II, and the vector network analyzer (14) is connected with a CAMLINK interface III of the computer through a data line III.
8. A real-time blade monitoring method based on threshing and fine wind distribution is characterized in that: the real-time monitoring system based on the threshing and fine-dividing blade of any one of claims 1 to 7 is adopted for monitoring, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the pointing angle before the spiral phase plane is formed is generated by the delay fiber of fig. 4 and has the expression:
wherein c is the propagation speed and delay difference of light in vacuum;
(2) for this reason, the beam pointing angle is simplified as follows:
(3) the vortex electromagnetic wave with the spiral phase surface is transmitted through the radio frequency antenna, when the blade is detected, a dual-superposition OAM mode is adopted, the dual-superposition OAM mode is recorded as the sum of two different OAM states, and the dual-superposition state vortex wave formula is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is a coordinate value in a columnar coordinate system with the wave axis as the center, is a vortex phase characteristic, and D is a current density related to the antennaThe vector constant of degree, and the number of OAM modes, is the amplitude wave front characteristic of the electromagnetic wave, and is the additional phase characteristic of the electromagnetic wave except the vortex phase term;
(4) for two different OAM modes of step (3), the resulting doppler shift difference is:
wherein, the difference is Doppler frequency shift, and Ω is the rotation speed of the rotating blade;
(5) the vortex wave is reflected by the rotating blades and then has a phase difference and a frequency shift of a frequency spectrum
Wherein, is the incident frequency;
(6) at the time t, the vortex wave emission time is t0The time t is the time t for the vortex wave to be received after being reflected by the rotating blades1The interval between the receiving time and the transmitting time of the vortex wave is T ═ T1-t0Then at time t, the distance between the blade and the RF antenna is
L is the position distance and the vortex wave speed;
(7) and (4) positioning the position of the blade which is used for cutting the fine breeze by the distance between the blade and the radio frequency antenna at the time t through the frequency shift of the frequency spectrum in the step (5) and the step (6) to realize real-time monitoring.
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