CN111764887B - Optical fiber sensing monitoring system for submarine combustible ice exploitation - Google Patents
Optical fiber sensing monitoring system for submarine combustible ice exploitation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
- E21B43/36—Underwater separating arrangements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
- E21B43/38—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well in the well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/09—Locating or determining the position of objects in boreholes or wells, e.g. the position of an extending arm; Identifying the free or blocked portions of pipes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical fiber sensing monitoring system for submarine combustible ice exploitation, which comprises a combustible ice production monitoring system and an offshore control platform, wherein the combustible ice production monitoring system comprises a first temperature monitoring system, a vibration monitoring system and a first pressure monitoring system which are respectively used for detecting and obtaining temperature distribution information, vibration distribution information and pressure distribution information in a methane production pipeline. The optical fiber sensing monitoring system can monitor the temperature distribution, vibration distribution and pressure distribution of the methane production pipeline in the production well in real time, and the dynamic changes of water, gas and sand in the production well are obtained by combining analysis, so that the flow condition of sand in the methane production pipeline in the combustible ice exploitation process is known, the condition of secondary generation of the combustible ice or blockage of the sand is pre-judged in advance, the specific position of the sand blockage is also known, and dredging treatment is facilitated, so that safe, efficient and sustainable combustible ice exploitation activities are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of combustible ice exploitation, in particular to an optical fiber sensing monitoring system for submarine combustible ice exploitation.
Background
Combustible ice (ch4.nh2o) is a type of ice-like crystalline material formed from water and methane under conditions of low temperature and high pressure. Combustible ice is widely available worldwide, with about 22% of land and 90% of ocean floors being potential areas for its formation, primarily distributed over permanent frozen earth zones on polar plateaus and floors with water depths exceeding 300 m or less. Its total carbon resource is estimated to be twice the carbon content of all fossil fuels worldwide, and its mineral reserve is estimated to be 1.5×1016 m 3 to 2.0×1016 m 3. It is predicted that the amount of flammable ice resources in our country will exceed 2000 hundred million tons.
An important factor affecting the yield of combustible ice during the production of combustible ice is the problem of blockage of production well transport pipelines. The reason for this phenomenon is mainly two aspects, namely that sand in the hydrate layer enters the conveying pipeline along with methane gas to form blockage; secondly, in the process of conveying methane gas, the methane gas and water are recombined to form solid combustible ice due to the change of the ambient temperature and the ambient pressure, so that a secondary generation phenomenon occurs, and the yield of the combustible ice is reduced.
Accordingly, the prior art is in need of development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an optical fiber sensing monitoring system for submarine combustible ice exploitation, which can monitor the temperature distribution, vibration distribution and pressure distribution of a methane production pipeline in a production well in real time, master the dynamic changes of water, gas and sand in the production well and accurately position the secondary generation position of the combustible ice or the position of sand blockage.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The invention provides an optical fiber sensing monitoring system for submarine combustible ice exploitation, which is applied to a submarine combustible ice exploitation system, the submarine combustible ice exploitation system comprises a production well, a water pumping pipeline and a methane production pipeline, wherein the water pumping pipeline is arranged in the production well, a gas separation device is connected to a bottom port of the water pumping pipeline,
The optical fiber sensing monitoring system comprises a combustible ice production monitoring system and an offshore control platform, wherein the combustible ice production monitoring system comprises a first temperature monitoring system, a vibration monitoring system and a first pressure monitoring system;
The first temperature monitoring system comprises a first distributed optical fiber thermometer and a first temperature sensing optical fiber paved in a methane production pipeline, wherein the first temperature sensing optical fiber is used for detecting temperature information in the methane production pipeline and transmitting the temperature information to the first distributed optical fiber thermometer, and the first distributed optical fiber thermometer collects and calculates the temperature information to obtain temperature distribution information of the methane production pipeline;
The vibration monitoring system comprises a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor and a vibration sensing optical fiber paved in a methane production pipeline, wherein the vibration sensing optical fiber is used for detecting vibration information in the methane production pipeline and transmitting the vibration information to the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, and the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor is used for collecting and calculating the vibration information to obtain vibration distribution information of the methane production pipeline;
the first pressure monitoring system comprises a first pressure detector and a first pressure sensing head arranged in the methane production pipeline, wherein the first pressure sensing head is used for detecting pressure information in the methane production pipeline and transmitting the pressure information to the first pressure detector, and the first pressure detector is used for collecting and calculating the pressure information to obtain pressure distribution information of the methane production pipeline;
the first distributed optical fiber temperature measuring instrument, the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor and the first pressure detector are respectively fixed on the offshore control platform.
Further, the system also comprises a submarine monitoring system in communication connection with the combustible ice production monitoring system, wherein the submarine monitoring system comprises a plurality of observation wells arranged around the production well, and each observation well is provided with a submarine monitoring platform, a second temperature monitoring system and a second pressure monitoring system;
The second temperature monitoring system comprises a second distributed optical fiber thermometer and a second temperature sensing optical fiber paved on the outer wall of the observation well, wherein the second temperature sensing optical fiber is used for detecting the temperature information of the outer wall of the observation well and transmitting the temperature information to the second distributed optical fiber thermometer, and the second distributed optical fiber thermometer collects and calculates the temperature information to obtain the temperature distribution information of the outer wall of the observation well;
The second pressure monitoring system comprises a second pressure detector and a second pressure sensing head arranged on the outer wall of the observation well, wherein the second pressure sensing head is used for detecting the pressure information of the outer wall of the observation well and transmitting the pressure information to the second pressure detector, and the second pressure detector is used for collecting and calculating the pressure information to obtain the pressure information of the outer wall of the observation well;
the second distributed optical fiber temperature measuring instrument and the second pressure detecting instrument are respectively fixed on the seabed monitoring platform.
Further, two or more observation wells are arranged around the production well respectively.
Further, the combustible ice production monitoring system is connected with the submarine monitoring system through a wired cable or wireless ultrasonic communication.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the optical fiber sensing monitoring system for submarine combustible ice exploitation, the first temperature monitoring system, the vibration monitoring system and the first pressure monitoring system are arranged in the production well, the temperature distribution, the vibration distribution and the pressure distribution of a methane production pipeline in the production well are monitored in real time respectively, dynamic changes of water, gas and sand in the production well are obtained through combination of analysis, the flowing condition of sand in the methane production pipeline in the combustible ice exploitation process is known, the secondary generation of the combustible ice or the blocking condition of the sand can be pre-judged in advance, the specific position of the blocking condition of the sand can be known, and dredging treatment is facilitated, so that safe, efficient and sustainable combustible ice exploitation activities are realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first distributed fiber optic thermometer of the present invention performing dual port measurements.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100-optical fiber sensing monitoring system, 111-first distributed optical fiber thermometer, 112-first temperature sensing optical fiber, 121-distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, 122-vibration sensing optical fiber, 131-first pressure detector, 132-first pressure sensor head, 20-offshore control platform, 30-submarine monitoring system, 31-observation well, 32-submarine monitoring platform, 331-second distributed optical fiber thermometer, 332-second temperature sensing optical fiber, 341-second pressure detector, 342-second pressure sensor head, 201-production well, 202-water pumping pipeline, 203-methane production pipeline, 204-gas separation device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not limited thereto. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be either a fixed connection or a removable connection or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Furthermore, descriptions such as those referred to as "first," "second," and the like, are provided for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying an order of magnitude of the indicated technical features in the present disclosure. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
As a first embodiment, please refer to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides an optical fiber sensing and monitoring system 100 for exploitation of flammable ice on the sea floor, which is applied to a system for exploitation of the flammable ice on the sea floor, the system for exploitation of the flammable ice on the sea floor comprises a production well 201, a water pumping pipe 202 and a methane production pipe 203, wherein the water pumping pipe 202 is connected with a gas separation device 204, and in exploitation of the flammable ice, the water pumping pipe 202 continuously pumps water inside a flammable ice reservoir from the sea floor to an offshore platform, during which the pressure of the flammable ice reservoir is reduced, the flammable ice is decomposed into water and methane, and the methane is transported from the methane production pipe 203 to the offshore platform. The main function of the gas separation device 204 is as follows: firstly, pumping water from the sea floor to the sea surface; and secondly, methane gas mixed in water is separated out in the water pumping process of the water pumping pipeline 202, so that the methane is only conveyed out of the methane production pipeline 203.
The optical fiber sensing and monitoring system 100 comprises a flammable ice production monitoring system and an offshore control platform 20, wherein the flammable ice production monitoring system comprises a first temperature monitoring system, a vibration monitoring system and a first pressure monitoring system, and the offshore control platform 20 is used for controlling the running and stopping of each system and is positioned on the sea surface, so that the operation and control are convenient;
The first temperature monitoring system comprises a first distributed optical fiber thermometer 111 and a first temperature sensing optical fiber 112 paved in the methane production pipeline 203, wherein the first temperature sensing optical fiber 112 is used for detecting temperature information in the methane production pipeline 203 and transmitting the temperature information to the first distributed optical fiber thermometer 111, and the first distributed optical fiber thermometer 111 is used for collecting and calculating the temperature information to obtain temperature distribution information of the methane production pipeline 203; the principle according to which the first distributed optical fiber thermometer 111 measures the temperature is: and carrying out Raman scattering on each position on the optical fiber in the light transmission process, and carrying out temperature calculation on the optical fiber by collecting the backward Raman scattering signals. By laying the first temperature sensing optical fiber 112 over the entire methane production line 203, the temperature profile over the entire methane production line 203 can be calculated.
The vibration monitoring system comprises a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor 121 and a vibration sensing optical fiber 122 paved in the methane production pipeline 203, wherein the vibration sensing optical fiber 122 is used for detecting vibration information in the methane production pipeline 203 and transmitting the vibration information to the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor 121, and the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor 121 collects and calculates the vibration information to obtain vibration distribution information of the methane production pipeline 203.
The phenomenon of sand blockage is a critical problem in the exploitation of combustible ice, during which sand can become blocked as methane gas enters the transfer piping. The distributed optical fiber vibration sensor 121 uses backward rayleigh scattering signals to interfere with each other according to rayleigh scattering generated in the light propagation process, and can obtain the phase change of each position on the optical fiber through demodulation. The sand will make a sound when moving in the methane production pipe 203, and the sound acts on the vibration sensing optical fiber 122 to affect the phase change of the backward rayleigh scattered light at the corresponding position of the optical fiber, and the flowing position, vibration frequency and intensity of the sand in the conveying pipe can be obtained by analyzing the phase change of each position on the vibration sensing optical fiber 122, so as to pre-judge the situation of sand blockage in advance.
Since the combustible ice is formed under certain high pressure and low temperature conditions, besides temperature monitoring, a first pressure monitoring system is added into the methane production pipeline 203, the first pressure monitoring system comprises a first pressure detector 131 and a first pressure sensing head 132 installed in the methane production pipeline 203, the first pressure sensing head 132 is used for detecting pressure information in the methane production pipeline 203 and transmitting the pressure information to the first pressure detector 131, and the first pressure detector 131 is used for collecting and calculating the pressure information to obtain pressure distribution information of the methane production pipeline 203. By combining the first temperature monitoring system and the first pressure monitoring system, the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution on the whole methane production pipeline 203 in the production well 201 can be mastered, the analysis and evaluation of the possibility of secondary formation of the combustible ice in the methane production pipeline 203 are facilitated, the specific position of secondary formation of the combustible ice can still be obtained after the secondary formation of the combustible ice, and the combustible ice at the abnormal position can be decomposed again by using technical means such as chemical reagents, so that the methane production pipeline 203 is dredged, normal transportation of methane gas is ensured, and safe and sustainable combustible ice exploitation activities are realized.
The first distributed optical fiber temperature measuring instrument 111, the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor 121 and the first pressure detector 131 are respectively fixed on the offshore control platform 20, so that control is facilitated.
The optical fiber sensing monitoring system 100 of the present invention adopts an optical fiber sensing technology, which uses an optical fiber as a sensing and transporting medium, and performs demodulation on the change of an optical signal in disturbance of external signals such as pressure, temperature and the like on the characteristic parameters (light intensity, wavelength, phase, frequency and polarization state) of the optical fiber, so as to realize the measurement of the external signals. Compared with other sensing means, the optical fiber sensing technology has the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance and stability, is very suitable for flammable and explosive monitoring environments, and is very suitable for being used as a monitoring means for producing flammable ice.
In this embodiment, the first distributed optical fiber thermometer 111 adopts dual-port measurement, and compared with single-port measurement, the dual-port measurement has higher accuracy and more stable temperature resolution in temperature measurement, and can remove the mode loss and the connector loss of light in the optical fiber transmission process. In addition, the fiber is vulnerable to breakage at the location of the weld, and for single port temperature measurement, the system cannot accurately measure the temperature distribution on the fiber once the fiber breaks. In the dual-port measurement, after the position of the optical fiber welding point is disconnected, the system can still accurately measure the temperature distribution on the methane production pipeline 203, so that the usability and stability of the system are greatly improved.
In addition, the first distributed fiber optic thermometer 111 used for production well 201 monitoring should have the following series of properties: 1. the high-speed data acquisition frequency is 0.1 meter acquisition interval; 2. high spatial resolution: 0.3 meter; 3. the temperature measurement time of the high-speed system is 1-3 seconds. The first distributed optical fiber thermometer 111 with the series of performances can ensure the accuracy of dynamic temperature distribution measurement in the production well.
In this embodiment, the first pressure detector 131 and the second pressure detector 341 may be point pressure detectors, and the gas separation device 204 may be an ESP gas separation device; the production well 201 for combustible ice production may also be a horizontal well.
In order to realize safe, efficient and continuous production of the combustible ice, the optical fiber sensing and monitoring system 100 also comprises a submarine monitoring system 30 which is in communication connection with the combustible ice production monitoring system, wherein the submarine monitoring system 30 comprises a plurality of observation wells 31 which are arranged around the production well 201, and each observation well 31 is provided with a submarine monitoring platform 32, a second temperature monitoring system and a second pressure monitoring system;
The second temperature monitoring system comprises a second distributed optical fiber thermometer 331 and a second temperature sensing optical fiber 332 paved on the outer wall of the observation well 31, wherein the second temperature sensing optical fiber 332 is used for detecting temperature information of the outer wall of the observation well 31 and transmitting the temperature information to the second distributed optical fiber thermometer 331, and the second distributed optical fiber thermometer 331 collects and calculates the temperature information to obtain temperature distribution information of the outer wall of the observation well 31 so as to detect temperature change of surrounding submarine environment in the process of exploitation of combustible ice;
The second pressure monitoring system comprises a second pressure detector 341 and a second pressure sensing head 342 mounted on the outer wall of the observation well 31, wherein the second pressure sensing head 342 is used for detecting pressure information of the outer wall of the observation well 31 and transmitting the pressure information to the second pressure detector 341, and the second pressure detector 341 collects and calculates the pressure information to obtain the pressure information of the outer wall of the observation well 31, so as to detect pressure change of surrounding submarine environment in the process of exploitation of combustible ice;
The second temperature monitoring system and the second pressure monitoring system evaluate the pressure influence and the temperature influence of the surrounding submarine environment, so that the submarine environment change around the production well 201 in the combustible ice exploitation is monitored, the influence of the combustible ice exploitation on the marine ecological environment is analyzed, whether geological disasters such as submarine collapse and landslide occur can be pre-judged in advance, and the safe, efficient and continuous production of the combustible ice exploitation is ensured.
The second distributed optical fiber temperature measuring instrument 331 and the second pressure detecting instrument 341 are respectively fixed on the submarine monitoring platform 32, the submarine monitoring platform 32 is sealed and protected by a high-pressure-resistant sealed storage tank, the second distributed optical fiber temperature measuring instrument 331 and the second pressure detecting instrument 341 are prevented from being damaged, and normal submarine monitoring is ensured.
In this embodiment, the submarine monitoring platform 32, the second distributed optical fiber thermometer 331 and the second pressure detector 341 may be installed or removed by an underwater robot, which is not needed to be installed manually, and is convenient and fast, and very safe.
Preferably, two or more observation wells 31 are disposed on the circumference of the production well 201, and are used for detecting the change of the submarine environment on the circumference of the production well 201, so as to avoid the collapse of the two sides of the production well 201 and the influence on the normal exploitation of the combustible ice.
As an embodiment, the combustible ice production monitoring system is connected with the submarine monitoring system 30 through a wired cable or wireless ultrasonic communication, and has the advantages of good directivity, easy concentration and strong penetrating ability, and can avoid other interference and realize accurate communication connection; wherein both the offshore control platform 20 and the subsea monitoring platform 32 are provided with ultrasonic generators and receivers.
The optical fiber sensing and monitoring system 100 of the present invention realizes the following specific processes of temperature monitoring, vibration monitoring and pressure monitoring:
Step 1: the offshore control platform 20 is in communication connection with the first distributed optical fiber thermometer 111, the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor 121, the first pressure detector 131, the second distributed optical fiber thermometer 331 and the second pressure detector 341, and starts to measure, and the measurement data of the seabed monitoring platform 32 is sent to the offshore control platform 20 through ultrasonic waves;
Step 2: after the data measured in step 1 tend to be stable, the offshore control platform 20 starts the gas separation device 204 to pump the liquid water in the flammable ice reservoir off to the sea, the pressure of the flammable ice reservoir is reduced, the flammable ice is decomposed into liquid water and methane gas, part of the methane gas enters the gas separation device 204 and is separated out, so that the methane gas is ensured to be conveyed out from the methane production pipeline 203, and the gas separation device 204 is required to continuously operate in the exploitation process of the flammable ice;
Step 3: the first distributed optical fiber temperature measuring instrument 111, the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor 121 and the first pressure detecting instrument 131 in the offshore control platform 20 continuously perform distributed measurement on the temperature, vibration and pressure information in the methane production pipeline 203, and according to a pressure-temperature condition curve formed by the combustible ice, the possibility of secondary generation of the combustible ice can be pre-determined by combining the measured temperature and pressure data, the flowing position of sand in the methane production pipeline 203 and the quantity of sand can be determined by measuring the vibration information, and the possibility of sand blockage in the methane production pipeline 203 can be pre-determined;
step 4: the submarine monitoring platform 32 on the observation well 31 continuously works in the combustible ice exploitation, continuously monitors the temperature change and the pressure change of the surrounding submarine environment in the combustible ice exploitation, and is used as an important evaluation means for judging whether the combustible ice exploitation can bring about geological disasters such as submarine collapse, landslide and the like, so that the safe and sustainable combustible ice exploitation is realized.
According to the optical fiber sensing monitoring system 100 for submarine combustible ice exploitation, the first temperature monitoring system, the vibration monitoring system and the first pressure monitoring system are arranged in the production well 201, the temperature distribution, the vibration distribution and the pressure distribution of the methane production pipeline 203 in the production well 201 are monitored in real time respectively, dynamic changes of water, gas and sand in the production well 201 are obtained through combination analysis, the flowing condition of sand in the methane production pipeline 203 in the combustible ice exploitation process is known, the secondary generation of the combustible ice or the situation of sand blockage is pre-judged in advance, the specific position of the sand blockage is known, and dredging treatment is facilitated, so that safe, efficient and sustainable combustible ice exploitation activities are realized.
The above examples of the present invention are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. All obvious changes or modifications which come within the spirit of the invention are desired to be protected.
Claims (1)
1. An optical fiber sensing monitoring system for submarine combustible ice exploitation is applied to a submarine combustible ice exploitation system, and the submarine combustible ice exploitation system comprises a production well, a water pumping pipeline and a methane production pipeline, wherein the water pumping pipeline is arranged in the production well, a port at the bottom of the water pumping pipeline is connected with a gas separation device,
The optical fiber sensing monitoring system comprises a combustible ice production monitoring system and an offshore control platform, wherein the combustible ice production monitoring system comprises a first temperature monitoring system, a vibration monitoring system and a first pressure monitoring system;
The first temperature monitoring system comprises a first distributed optical fiber thermometer and a first temperature sensing optical fiber paved in a methane production pipeline, wherein the first temperature sensing optical fiber is used for detecting temperature information in the methane production pipeline and transmitting the temperature information to the first distributed optical fiber thermometer, and the first distributed optical fiber thermometer collects and calculates the temperature information to obtain temperature distribution information of the methane production pipeline;
The vibration monitoring system comprises a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor and a vibration sensing optical fiber paved in a methane production pipeline, wherein the vibration sensing optical fiber is used for detecting vibration information in the methane production pipeline and transmitting the vibration information to the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, and the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor is used for collecting and calculating the vibration information to obtain vibration distribution information of the methane production pipeline;
the first pressure monitoring system comprises a first pressure detector and a first pressure sensing head arranged in the methane production pipeline, wherein the first pressure sensing head is used for detecting pressure information in the methane production pipeline and transmitting the pressure information to the first pressure detector, and the first pressure detector is used for collecting and calculating the pressure information to obtain pressure distribution information of the methane production pipeline;
The first distributed optical fiber temperature measuring instrument, the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor and the first pressure detector are respectively fixed on the offshore control platform;
the system comprises a combustible ice production monitoring system, a submarine monitoring system and a control system, wherein the combustible ice production monitoring system is in communication connection with the submarine monitoring system;
The second temperature monitoring system comprises a second distributed optical fiber thermometer and a second temperature sensing optical fiber paved on the outer wall of the observation well, wherein the second temperature sensing optical fiber is used for detecting the temperature information of the outer wall of the observation well and transmitting the temperature information to the second distributed optical fiber thermometer, and the second distributed optical fiber thermometer collects and calculates the temperature information to obtain the temperature distribution information of the outer wall of the observation well;
The second pressure monitoring system comprises a second pressure detector and a second pressure sensing head arranged on the outer wall of the observation well, wherein the second pressure sensing head is used for detecting the pressure information of the outer wall of the observation well and transmitting the pressure information to the second pressure detector, and the second pressure detector is used for collecting and calculating the pressure information to obtain the pressure information of the outer wall of the observation well;
the second distributed optical fiber thermometer and the second pressure detector are respectively fixed on the submarine monitoring platform;
The observation wells are provided with two or more observation wells, and are respectively arranged around the production wells;
The combustible ice production monitoring system is connected with the submarine monitoring system through a wired cable or wireless ultrasonic communication.
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