CN111764871A - Natural gas hydrate reservoir direct-increasing horizontal mining method - Google Patents

Natural gas hydrate reservoir direct-increasing horizontal mining method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111764871A
CN111764871A CN202010650695.3A CN202010650695A CN111764871A CN 111764871 A CN111764871 A CN 111764871A CN 202010650695 A CN202010650695 A CN 202010650695A CN 111764871 A CN111764871 A CN 111764871A
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China
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well
production
increasing
horizontal
sand
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Inventor
叶建良
秦绪文
谢文卫
邱海峻
申凯翔
于彦江
王偲
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Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey
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Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey
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Priority to CN202010650695.3A priority Critical patent/CN111764871A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/01Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/04Gravelling of wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/10Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells
    • E21B43/101Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells for underwater installations
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/30Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
    • E21B43/305Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • E21B7/046Directional drilling horizontal drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/18Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
    • E21B7/185Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets underwater
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/28Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sea area natural gas hydrate exploitation processes, in particular to a natural gas hydrate reservoir direct-increasing and horizontal-exploitation method, which adopts horizontal well depressurization exploitation and is assisted by a method for increasing the yield of a vertical well, increases the depressurization development volume of the horizontal well by establishing a plurality of high-diversion seepage areas, and provides an effective exploitation method for increasing the yield and stabilizing the yield of the hydrate reservoir and improving the reserve utilization rate; the method comprises the following steps: s1 drilling a horizontal well; s2, increasing production, drilling a vertical well, expanding diameter, filling sand and sealing the well; s3, drilling, expanding, filling sand and sealing a plurality of yield-increasing vertical wells repeatedly; s4, performing segmented transformation on a production horizontal well, and communicating adjacent yield-increasing vertical wells; and S5 a production horizontal well is sequentially put into the sand control screen pipe and the production pipe column.

Description

Natural gas hydrate reservoir direct-increasing horizontal mining method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sea area natural gas hydrate exploitation processes, in particular to a direct-increase horizontal mining exploitation method for a natural gas hydrate reservoir.
Background
Natural gas hydrates are apparent ice-like crystalline solid materials formed from water and gas molecules (predominantly methane) at low temperature and high pressure levels with gas concentrations greater than their solubility, commonly known as "combustible ice", according to recent and relatively conservative estimates by scientists, the methane gas found in natural gas hydrate deposits in oceans and land worldwide is approximately (1-5) × 1015m3Exceeding the total reserves of natural gas worldwide. With the increasing demand for energy and the attention on environmental climate in human development, natural gas hydrate is considered to be a novel clean alternative energy with the greatest prospect in the future, so that the natural gas hydrate attracts the wide attention of all countries in the world.
The current natural gas hydrate exploitation method mainly comprises heat injection exploitation, depressurization exploitation, chemical agent injection exploitation, replacement exploitation and the like, wherein the heat injection exploitation has extremely low utilization rate of injected heat and low exploitation efficiency; the exploitation cost of injecting chemical agents is high, and the agents are leaked due to improper transportation, so that the environment is easily polluted; slow reaction of displacement mining, low displacement efficiency and the like, and is not easy to be widely applied. At present, the major mining method in the world is mainly a depressurization method, but because the depressurization method is influenced by the permeability of reservoir pores in the mining process, the radius of the depressurization mining action is limited, and the problems of high initial yield and poor stable yield effect often occur.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention discloses a natural gas hydrate reservoir direct-increasing horizontal mining method, which adopts horizontal well depressurization mining and a method of increasing the yield of a vertical well, increases the depressurization development swept volume of the horizontal well by establishing a plurality of high diversion seepage areas, and provides an effective mining method for increasing the yield and stabilizing the yield of the hydrate reservoir and improving the reserve utilization rate.
The invention relates to a natural gas hydrate reservoir direct-increasing horizontal mining method, which comprises the following steps:
s1 producing horizontal well drilling: combining the transverse and longitudinal distribution characteristics of hydrate ore bodies, comprehensively considering the well spacing between a production horizontal well and an adjacent production-increasing vertical well and the specification and size of a production casing, a sand-proof screen pipe and a production pipe column, optimizing a well body structure and a well track, adopting a proper drilling tool combination to drill the horizontal well, and hanging the production casing to complete the well;
s2 vertical well drilling, expanding diameter, filling sand and sealing: the production-increasing vertical well is positioned in the axial vertical direction of a well bore of the horizontal section of the production horizontal well for a certain distance. Firstly, drilling by adopting one drill until a hydrate layer is covered by a shielding layer, and then tripping the drill; secondly, assembling and putting a jet grouting tool into the hole to perform hydraulic jet grouting and expanding transformation on the hydrate layer section, and replacing a high-performance completion fluid to clean and protect the well; thirdly, filling sand and filling the hydrate layer section expanding well section and the lower well section; finally, injecting cement to seal the upper well section of the hydrate top;
s3, drilling, expanding, sand filling and well sealing of a plurality of yield-increasing vertical wells are repeatedly carried out: on the basis of the step S2, a certain distance is perpendicular to the axial direction of a well bore of a production horizontal well, a plurality of production-increasing vertical wells are drilled in sequence in the direction parallel to the axial direction of the well bore of the horizontal well, the radius of the well bore of a hydrate reservoir is enlarged by adopting a jet grouting process, and the upper well section is sealed by cementing after sand filling and filling;
s4 horizontal well production subsection reconstruction, communication adjacent production increasing vertical well: according to the well position of the vertical well in the step S3, a horizontal well subsection step-by-step reconstruction method is adopted to establish a seepage pore passage between a production horizontal well and a yield increasing vertical well, all adjacent vertical well sand filling well sections are communicated, and a high-flow-guide seepage passage between the production horizontal well and the yield increasing vertical well is established;
and (3) sequentially putting a sand control screen pipe and a production pipe column into the S5 production horizontal well: and on the basis of the step S4, placing and hanging the sand control screen pipe in the production horizontal well, and lowering the pressure to produce after putting a production string in the screen pipe.
Further, in step S1, the production horizontal well is completed by casing cementing-free well, the suspended production casing completion can be selected from wellhead suspension or downhole suspension, and the production casing needs to meet the requirements of the sand control screen and the production string.
Further, in the step S2, the yield-increasing vertical well is completed by an open hole, the distance between the yield-increasing vertical well and the production horizontal well is smaller than the sum of the jet flow radius of the rotary jet and the reservoir transformation radius, the high-performance completion fluid is used for maintaining the stability of the well wall of the well, the sand filling of the yield-increasing vertical well is performed by high-sand-ratio high-density ceramsite or quartz sand, and the height of the sand filling well section is required to be higher than the top depth of the hydrate reservoir.
Furthermore, the plurality of stimulation vertical wells in the step S3 are a plurality of vertical wells for increasing the productivity of the production horizontal well, which are designed according to the horizontal well length of the production horizontal well, and the distance between the stimulation vertical wells is larger than the sum of the jet grouting radius of two adjacent stimulation vertical wells and the hydrate decomposition diameter in the production period.
Further, the staged modification of the production horizontal well in the step S4 is to communicate all the stimulation vertical wells near the production horizontal well, and the staged modification process is not limited to hydraulic perforation micro fracturing, radial jet flow and the like.
Further, in step S5, the specification and size of the sand control screen are selected according to the specification and size of the production casing, the sand control precision is selected to meet the purpose of reservoir sand control, the production pipe column is optimized according to the specification and size of the sand control screen, and the requirements of depressurization, production, drainage and gas production are met.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the mining method for directly increasing and leveling the natural gas hydrate reservoir provided by the invention can increase the contact area between a production horizontal well and the reservoir, increase the pressure relief production volume and improve the single-well productivity; meanwhile, the reserve and the utilization rate of a natural gas hydrate reservoir can be improved, and a scientific, reasonable and economic yield increasing and stabilizing method is provided for the development of the hydrate reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan well layout diagram of a straight-increasing and flat-mining method for a natural gas hydrate reservoir according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal well spacing schematic diagram of the gas hydrate reservoir straight-increasing horizontal mining method.
In the drawings, the reference numbers: 1. producing a horizontal well; 2. increasing production of the vertical well; 3. performing jet grouting and expanding; 4. a highly conductive percolation channel; 5. a sand control screen pipe; 6. producing a tubular string; 7. covering a barrier layer on the hydrate reservoir; 8. a hydrate reservoir; 9. covering a blocking layer below the hydrate reservoir; 10. a sand-filled well section; 11. cementing the well section; l-1, L-2, L-3 and L-N are a plurality of yield-increasing vertical wells on the left side of the production horizontal well; r-1, R-2, R-3 and R-N are a plurality of yield-increasing vertical wells on the right side of the production horizontal well
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example (b):
as shown in figures 1 to 2 of the drawings,
the hydrate A block is positioned in a certain sea area in China, the A block is longitudinally developed to form a huge thick hydrate reservoir, the plane distribution is continuous, the top depth of the hydrate reservoir is 350m, the bottom depth of the hydrate reservoir is 400m, and the method has the directly-increased horizontal mining and exploiting conditions, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, combining the characteristics of the area A such as water depth and reservoir depth, the production horizontal well 1 adopts a three-level well body structure, and sequentially carries out drilling operation of a first-opening horizontal well, a second-opening horizontal well and a third-opening horizontal well, wherein the first-opening horizontal well adopts 30' guide pipe injection; secondly, drilling by using a 17-1/2 'drill bit, cementing by using a 13-3/8' casing and completing, and thirdly, drilling by using a 12-1/4 'drill bit to the designed well depth, wherein the horizontal section is 200m in length, and completing by suspending a 9-5/8' production casing at the well mouth;
and S2 drilling the stimulation vertical well 2 in one trip by adopting a 12-1/4' drill bit at a position which is 10m away from the vertical direction of the axis of the horizontal section of the well bore of the production horizontal well 1, and completing the drilling depth of 450 m. After the drilling is finished, a jet grouting and jet flow expanding tool is put in, and a jet grouting and expanding operation is carried out on the 350-plus 400m well section of the yield-increasing vertical well 2 by using a ground high-pressure pump set, after the operation, the radius of a hydrate well section jet grouting and expanding 3 well bore is about 2m, and the operation is positive-circulationFlushing the well with high-performance completion fluid and protecting the reservoir; slowly replacing sand carrying fluid with sand ratio of 45% by stages by 1500m3Filling sand, wherein the height of the sand filling top of the sand detecting surface is about 300 m; finally, replacing cement slurry to seal the well section of 0-300m, and completing the L-1 operation of the first yield-increasing vertical well;
and S3, repeating the step S2 at a position which is 10m away from the axis of the horizontal section of the well bore of the production horizontal well 1 in the vertical direction, and sequentially carrying out drilling, expanding, sand filling and well sealing on the production-increasing vertical wells L-2, L-3 and L-4, wherein the distance between the adjacent production-increasing vertical wells is not less than 50 m. Continuously repeating the step S2, taking the axis of the horizontal section of the well bore of the horizontal producing well 1 as a symmetry axis, and carrying out the operation of the vertical producing wells R-1, R-2, R-3 and R-4 on the other side in the symmetry direction of L-1, L-2, L-3 and L-4;
s4 radial jet flow segmented transformation is adopted for the production horizontal well 1, and the production horizontal well 1, the L-2, the L-3 and the L-4 and the R-1, the R-2, the R-3 and the R-4 are communicated with all the production-increasing vertical wells 2 through a radial jet flow technology, and a high-conductivity seepage flow channel 4 between the production horizontal well 1 and the production-increasing vertical wells 2 is established;
s5, sequentially putting the sand control screen 5 meeting the sand control precision requirement of the reservoir and the pipe column 6 meeting the production requirement of gas-liquid two-phase flow, and carrying out depressurization production.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A natural gas hydrate reservoir direct-increasing horizontal mining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 producing horizontal well drilling: combining the transverse and longitudinal distribution characteristics of hydrate ore bodies, comprehensively considering the well spacing between a production horizontal well and an adjacent production-increasing vertical well and the specification and size of a production casing, a sand-proof screen pipe and a production pipe column, optimizing a well body structure and a well track, adopting a proper drilling tool combination to drill the horizontal well, and hanging the production casing to complete the well;
s2 vertical well drilling, expanding diameter, filling sand and sealing: the production-increasing vertical well is positioned in the axial vertical direction of a well bore of the horizontal section of the production horizontal well for a certain distance. Firstly, drilling by adopting one drill until a hydrate layer is covered by a shielding layer, and then tripping the drill; secondly, assembling and putting a jet grouting tool into the hole to perform hydraulic jet grouting and expanding transformation on the hydrate layer section, and replacing a high-performance completion fluid to clean and protect the well; thirdly, filling sand and filling the hydrate layer section expanding well section and the lower well section; finally, injecting cement to seal the upper well section of the hydrate top;
s3, drilling, expanding, sand filling and well sealing of a plurality of yield-increasing vertical wells are repeatedly carried out: on the basis of the step S2, a certain distance is perpendicular to the axial direction of a well bore of a production horizontal well, a plurality of production-increasing vertical wells are drilled in sequence in the direction parallel to the axial direction of the well bore of the horizontal well, the radius of the well bore of a hydrate reservoir is enlarged by adopting a jet grouting process, and the upper well section is sealed by cementing after sand filling and filling;
s4 horizontal well production subsection reconstruction, communication adjacent production increasing vertical well: according to the well position of the vertical well in the step S3, a horizontal well subsection step-by-step reconstruction method is adopted to establish a seepage pore passage between a production horizontal well and a yield increasing vertical well, all adjacent vertical well sand filling well sections are communicated, and a high-flow-guide seepage passage between the production horizontal well and the yield increasing vertical well is established;
and (3) sequentially putting a sand control screen pipe and a production pipe column into the S5 production horizontal well: and on the basis of the step S4, placing and hanging the sand control screen pipe in the production horizontal well, and lowering the pressure to produce after putting a production string in the screen pipe.
2. The method for directly increasing and leveling production of a natural gas hydrate reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the production horizontal well is completed by casing cementing-free well completion, the suspended production casing well completion can be wellhead suspended or downhole suspended, and the production casing needs to meet the requirements of the sand control screen and the production string.
3. The direct-increasing and horizontal-mining exploitation method for the natural gas hydrate reservoir as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S2, the yield-increasing vertical well is completed with an open hole, the distance between the yield-increasing vertical well and the production horizontal well is smaller than the sum of the jet flow radius of the jet flow and the reservoir transformation radius, the high-performance completion fluid is used for maintaining the well wall stability of the well bore, the sand filling of the yield-increasing vertical well is filled with high-sand-ratio high-density ceramsite or quartz sand, and the height of the sand filling well section is higher than the top depth of the hydrate reservoir.
4. The method for direct-increasing and horizontal-mining natural gas hydrate reservoir according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of stimulation vertical wells in the step S3 are a plurality of vertical wells for increasing the productivity of the production horizontal well, which are designed according to the horizontal well length of the production horizontal well, and the distance between the stimulation vertical wells is larger than the sum of the rotary spray radius of two adjacent stimulation vertical wells and the hydrate decomposition diameter in the production period.
5. The direct-increasing and horizontal-mining production method for the natural gas hydrate reservoir as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step S4 is implemented by performing segmented transformation on the production horizontal well so as to communicate all yield-increasing vertical wells near the production horizontal well, and the segmented transformation process is not limited to hydraulic perforation micro fracturing, radial jet flow and the like.
6. The method for directly increasing and leveling production of a natural gas hydrate reservoir as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S5, the specification and size of the sand control screen are selected according to the specification and size of the production casing, the sand control precision is selected to meet the sand control of the reservoir, the production pipe column is optimized according to the specification and size of the sand control screen, and simultaneously the requirements of depressurization production, liquid drainage and gas production are met.
CN202010650695.3A 2020-07-08 2020-07-08 Natural gas hydrate reservoir direct-increasing horizontal mining method Pending CN111764871A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114542022A (en) * 2022-02-28 2022-05-27 山东科技大学 Deep sea natural gas hydrate filling mining method
CN115419388A (en) * 2022-08-30 2022-12-02 中天碱业有限公司 Method for exploiting and extracting brine from underground deep trona ore
CN115478812A (en) * 2022-09-30 2022-12-16 广州海洋地质调查局 Plugging and sand prevention integrated process method for hydrate reservoir

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1289057C (en) * 1987-03-26 1991-09-17 Esso Resources Canada Limited Method for achieving communication between injection and production wells in tar sand deposits
CN103061798A (en) * 2012-12-30 2013-04-24 中北大学 Method for extracting coal bed methane through down-hole bedding long borehole consecutive cave building
CN109882134A (en) * 2019-04-12 2019-06-14 中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所 A kind of non-diagenesis gas hydrates drilling method in sea area
CN110043229A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-23 广州海洋地质调查局 A kind of more well group connection convergence recovery methods of Gas Hydrate In Sea Areas

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1289057C (en) * 1987-03-26 1991-09-17 Esso Resources Canada Limited Method for achieving communication between injection and production wells in tar sand deposits
CN103061798A (en) * 2012-12-30 2013-04-24 中北大学 Method for extracting coal bed methane through down-hole bedding long borehole consecutive cave building
CN110043229A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-23 广州海洋地质调查局 A kind of more well group connection convergence recovery methods of Gas Hydrate In Sea Areas
CN109882134A (en) * 2019-04-12 2019-06-14 中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所 A kind of non-diagenesis gas hydrates drilling method in sea area

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114542022A (en) * 2022-02-28 2022-05-27 山东科技大学 Deep sea natural gas hydrate filling mining method
CN114542022B (en) * 2022-02-28 2024-02-27 山东科技大学 Deep sea natural gas hydrate filling exploitation method
CN115419388A (en) * 2022-08-30 2022-12-02 中天碱业有限公司 Method for exploiting and extracting brine from underground deep trona ore
CN115478812A (en) * 2022-09-30 2022-12-16 广州海洋地质调查局 Plugging and sand prevention integrated process method for hydrate reservoir
CN115478812B (en) * 2022-09-30 2023-07-25 广州海洋地质调查局 Hydrate reservoir blocking removal and sand prevention integrated process method

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