CN111763863A - Metal liquid quantum material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Metal liquid quantum material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111763863A CN111763863A CN202010659548.2A CN202010659548A CN111763863A CN 111763863 A CN111763863 A CN 111763863A CN 202010659548 A CN202010659548 A CN 202010659548A CN 111763863 A CN111763863 A CN 111763863A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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Abstract
A metal liquid quantum material and a preparation method thereof relate to the technical field of liquid metal. The metal liquid quantum material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: solid gallium, indium beads and tin particles, wherein the solid gallium accounts for 58-86% of the whole proportion, the indium beads account for 12-24% of the whole proportion, and the tin particles account for 2-18% of the whole proportion; after the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the component metal contained in the metal liquid quantum material has no toxicity and lower reactivity, and can be used as an application substitute of toxic liquid mercury or active sodium-potassium alloy; the method for preparing the metal liquid quantum material can be realized by the prior art, and has stronger controllability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid metal, in particular to a metal liquid quantum material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Liquid metal refers to an amorphous metal that can be viewed as a mixture of a positively ionic fluid and a free electron gas. Liquid metal is also an amorphous, flowable liquid metal. The liquid metal forming process and control, the hydraulic characteristics of the liquid metal filling process and the flowing condition of the liquid metal filling process have great influence on the quality of castings, and various defects such as cold shut, insufficient casting, inclusion, air holes, sand inclusion, sand adhesion and the like are generated under the condition that the liquid metal filling is unfavorable. The correct design of the gating system enables the liquid metal to fill the cavity stably and reasonably, and plays an important role in ensuring the quality of the casting. Only mercury in the elementary substance is liquid metal, and gallium, rubidium and cesium are low-melting-point metals.
The quantum material belongs to one of a large class of new materials, namely solution nanocrystalline. Solution nanocrystals have the dual properties of crystal and solution, and quantum materials are materials in which breakthrough industrial applications are immediately available. The physical and chemical properties of quantum nano material are different from those of microscopic atoms, molecules and macroscopic objects, and the research on the quantum nano material can extend the capability of people to explore nature and create knowledge to the intermediate field between macroscopic and microscopic objects. This is a new field, will lead the technological innovation path for decades and will have a profound impact.
With the progress and development of modern technologies, human research on liquid metal and quantum materials has never been stopped, and attempts have been made to combine liquid metal and quantum materials for more advanced technical fields to solve various problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metal liquid quantum material and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, wherein component metals contained in the metal liquid quantum material have no toxicity and lower reactivity, and can be used as an application substitute of toxic liquid mercury or active sodium-potassium alloy; the method for preparing the metal liquid quantum material can be realized by the prior art, and has stronger controllability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the metal liquid quantum material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: solid gallium, indium beads and tin particles, wherein the solid gallium accounts for 58-86% of the whole proportion, the indium beads account for 12-24% of the whole proportion, and the tin particles account for 2-18% of the whole proportion; the preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, taking a burning vessel and cleaning; secondly, taking solid gallium with adaptive dosage, adding the solid gallium into a combustion vessel, and stirring and melting the gallium in the combustion vessel by adopting conventional combustion stove fire; thirdly, after the gallium is completely melted, adding indium beads with proper dosage into the liquid gallium for continuous stirring and burning; adding tin particles into a combustion vessel, mixing and stirring the tin particles with liquid gallium and liquid indium for combustion, and putting the completely mixed liquid gallium indium tin alloy into an electrolysis device to perform electrolysis on the surface of the static liquid gallium indium tin alloy; and sixthly, extracting the liquid gallium indium tin alloy crystal in the electrolytic cell to prepare the gallium indium tin alloy.
Furthermore, the weighing of the dosages of the solid gallium, indium beads and tin particles is finished by dynamic weighing. Because solid gallium is easy to melt at normal temperature, the dosage is required to be accurately weighed, and the dosage adaptation rate is ensured by adopting a dynamic scale for weighing the dosage of the indium beads and the tin particles.
Further, the combustion vessel in the first step is a graphite crucible. Because the graphite crucible has good thermal stability and fast heat conduction, the combustion mixing efficiency in the preparation process can be realized, and the necessary time required by preparation is saved.
Furthermore, the conventional combustion stove fire is adopted in the second step, so that the flame is stable, the combustion is safe, the operation is simple, and the combustion temperature is enough to melt the three alloy components.
Furthermore, the stirring operation time is kept between 10 and 15 minutes, and the full combustion and mixing are ensured.
Furthermore, the crystal extracted in the sixth step needs to be stored at a low temperature and is used for later-stage quantum material synthesis and preparation.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the component metal contained in the metal liquid quantum material has no toxicity and lower reactivity, and can be used as an application substitute of toxic liquid mercury or active sodium-potassium alloy; the method for preparing the metal liquid quantum material can be realized by the prior art, and has stronger controllability.
Detailed Description
Example one
The technical scheme adopted by the specific implementation mode is as follows: the metal liquid quantum material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: solid gallium, indium beads and tin particles, wherein the solid gallium accounts for 58 percent of the whole proportion, the indium beads account for 24 percent of the whole proportion, and the tin particles account for 18 percent of the whole proportion; the preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, taking a burning vessel and cleaning; secondly, taking solid gallium with adaptive dosage, adding the solid gallium into a combustion vessel, and stirring and melting the gallium in the combustion vessel by adopting conventional combustion stove fire; thirdly, after the gallium is completely melted, adding indium beads with proper dosage into the liquid gallium for continuous stirring and burning; adding tin particles into a combustion vessel, mixing and stirring the tin particles with liquid gallium and liquid indium for combustion, and putting the completely mixed liquid gallium indium tin alloy into an electrolysis device to perform electrolysis on the surface of the static liquid gallium indium tin alloy; and sixthly, extracting the liquid gallium indium tin alloy crystal in the electrolytic cell to prepare the gallium indium tin alloy.
Furthermore, the weighing of the dosages of the solid gallium, indium beads and tin particles is finished by dynamic weighing. Because solid gallium is easy to melt at normal temperature, the dosage is required to be accurately weighed, and the dosage adaptation rate is ensured by adopting a dynamic scale for weighing the dosage of the indium beads and the tin particles.
Further, the combustion vessel in the first step is a graphite crucible. Because the graphite crucible has good thermal stability and fast heat conduction, the combustion mixing efficiency in the preparation process can be realized, and the necessary time required by preparation is saved.
Furthermore, the conventional combustion stove fire is adopted in the second step, so that the flame is stable, the combustion is safe, the operation is simple, and the combustion temperature is enough to melt the three alloy components.
Furthermore, the stirring operation time is kept between 10 and 15 minutes, and the full combustion and mixing are ensured.
Furthermore, the crystal extracted in the sixth step needs to be stored at a low temperature and is used for later-stage quantum material synthesis and preparation.
During material selection, the liquid gallium has small surface tension, so the liquid gallium is adhered to the wall of a glass or plastic container, and the addition amount of gallium is small during final feeding. Therefore, during preparation, solid gallium is used, and if the solid gallium is melted, the solid gallium can be frozen in a refrigerator and taken out after being solidified, so that the reduction of the feeding amount can be effectively avoided. For indium, indium beads are chosen primarily for ease of mixing with tin and to form a molten alloy relatively quickly after melting. Similarly, for tin, tin particles were chosen for ease of fusion.
Gallium is a grayish blue or silvery white metal. The melting point is very low and the boiling point is very high. Pure liquid gallium has a significant tendency to be supercooled and is stable in air. Gallium wets the glass, so it is not suitable for storage in glass containers. When heated to the melting point, becomes liquid and is cooled to 0 ℃ without solidifying, and the volume increases by about 3.2% when the liquid is converted to a solid. The hardness is 1.5-2.5.
Indium is a fusible metal that is silver gray and extremely soft in texture. Melting point 156.61 ℃. Boiling point 2060 ℃. Relative density d 7.30. Liquid indium wets the glass and adheres to the contacted surfaces leaving behind a black mark. Indium has weak radioactivity, and natural indium has two main isotopes, one of which is In-113, which is a stable nuclide, and In-115, which is beta-decay. Thus, in use, direct contact is avoided as much as possible.
Tin is a silvery-white soft metal with a specific gravity of 7.3 and a low melting point of only 232 ℃, and when the tin is put into a coal ball furnace, the tin is melted into a mercury-like liquid. The tin was soft and it could be cut with a knife. Tin is chemically stable and is not easily oxidized by oxygen at normal temperature, so it often maintains the shiny luster of silver. Tin is non-toxic and is often plated on the inner wall of copper pots to prevent copper and warm water from generating toxic copper aeruginosa (basic copper carbonate). Tin is rich in ductility at normal temperature. Particularly, at 100 ℃, the tin foil has very good extensibility and can be unfolded into extremely thin tin foil. In general, people pack cigarettes and candies with tinfoil to prevent moisture (in recent years, China has gradually replaced tinfoil with aluminum foil, which is easily distinguished from tinfoil — tinfoil is much brighter than aluminum foil). However, tin has poor ductility and breaks upon drawing, and cannot be drawn into a filament. In fact, tin is only malleable at room temperature, and if the temperature drops below-13.2 ℃, it gradually becomes soot-like loose powder. The rate of this change is greatly accelerated, especially at-33 ℃ or in the presence of an alcoholic solution of red salt (SnCl4 & 2NH4 Cl). A tin pot with a good end can be automatically changed into a pile of powder. This "disease" of tin can also be transmitted to other "healthy" tinware, known as "tin plague". The cause of tin plague is due to the change of the crystal lattice of tin: at room temperature, tin has a tetragonal crystal structure and is called white tin. When you bend a tin bar, a snap sound is often heard because the tetragonal white tin crystals rub against each other during bending, and a sound is produced. Below-13.2 ℃, white tin is converted to an amorphous gray tin. The agglomerated tin then becomes a mass of powder. Because tin is cold, special attention must be paid to the tin ware in winter. Many ironwares are commonly soldered by tin and cannot be frozen. In 1912, a foreign Antarctic expedition team goes to Antarctic expedition, gasoline barrels are soldered, and in the Antarctic ice and snow, the solder is changed into powder gray tin, so that gasoline leaks light.
Example two
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is: the metal liquid quantum material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: solid gallium, indium beads and tin particles, wherein the solid gallium accounts for 68 percent of the whole proportion, the indium beads account for 22 percent of the whole proportion, and the tin particles account for 10 percent of the whole proportion; the preparation method is the same as the first embodiment.
EXAMPLE III
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is: the metal liquid quantum material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: solid gallium, indium beads and tin particles, wherein the solid gallium accounts for 86 percent of the whole proportion, the indium beads account for 12 percent of the whole proportion, and the tin particles account for 2 percent of the whole proportion; the preparation method is the same as the first embodiment.
The application of the liquid gallium indium tin alloy quantum material comprises the following steps:
the alloy is still in liquid state at room temperature, the alloy is injected into a thin tube silicone plastic pipe with an opening end, and after the alloy fills the pipe, the oxidized alloy liquid surface is solidified into a surface skin while the liquid characteristic is kept;
secondly, the gallium indium alloy can wet the glass, so the metal mirror can be formed by coating the glass.
The material has the characteristics of low melting point, good heat conduction and electric conductivity, good fluidity, small expansion rate, environmental protection, no toxicity and the like, is widely used as a welding flux, and is a novel material with development potential, and is a fuse, a fuse and other heat-sensitive components in devices such as electric appliances, steam, fire fighting, fire alarm and the like.
The component metal contained in the liquid quantum material has no toxicity and lower reactivity, and can be used as an application substitute of toxic liquid mercury or active sodium-potassium alloy; the method for preparing the metal liquid quantum material can be realized by the prior art, and has stronger controllability.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The metal liquid quantum material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: solid gallium accounts for 58-86% of the whole proportion, indium beads accounts for 12-24% of the whole proportion, and tin particles accounts for 2-18% of the whole proportion.
2. The preparation method of the metal liquid quantum material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, taking a burning vessel and cleaning; secondly, taking solid gallium with adaptive dosage, adding the solid gallium into a combustion vessel, and stirring and melting the gallium in the combustion vessel by adopting conventional combustion stove fire; thirdly, after the gallium is completely melted, adding indium beads with proper dosage into the liquid gallium for continuous stirring and burning; adding tin particles into a combustion vessel, mixing and stirring the tin particles with liquid gallium and liquid indium for combustion, and putting the completely mixed liquid gallium indium tin alloy into an electrolysis device to perform electrolysis on the surface of the static liquid gallium indium tin alloy; and sixthly, extracting the liquid gallium indium tin alloy crystal in the electrolytic cell to prepare the gallium indium tin alloy.
3. The metal liquid quantum material of claim 1, characterized in that it consists of the following raw materials in percentage: the gallium-indium-tin alloy comprises solid gallium, indium beads and tin particles, wherein the solid gallium accounts for 58% of the whole proportion, the indium beads account for 24% of the whole proportion, and the tin particles account for 18% of the whole proportion.
4. The metal liquid quantum material of claim 1, characterized in that it consists of the following raw materials in percentage: the gallium-indium-tin alloy comprises solid gallium, indium beads and tin particles, wherein the solid gallium accounts for 68% of the whole proportion, the indium beads account for 22% of the whole proportion, and the tin particles account for 10% of the whole proportion.
5. The metal liquid quantum material of claim 1, characterized in that it consists of the following raw materials in percentage: the gallium-indium-tin alloy comprises solid gallium, indium beads and tin particles, wherein the solid gallium accounts for 86% of the whole proportion, the indium beads account for 12% of the whole proportion, and the tin particles account for 2% of the whole proportion.
6. The method for preparing the metal liquid quantum material according to claim 2, wherein: the combustion vessel in the first step is a graphite crucible.
7. The method for preparing the metal liquid quantum material according to claim 2, wherein: and in the second step, conventional burning stove fire is adopted.
8. The method for preparing the metal liquid quantum material according to claim 2, wherein: the stirring operation time is kept between 10 and 15 minutes.
9. The method for preparing the metal liquid quantum material according to claim 2, wherein: and the crystal extracted in the sixth step needs to be stored at low temperature.
10. The method for preparing the metal liquid quantum material according to claim 2, wherein: the weighing of the dosages of the solid gallium, indium beads and tin particles is finished by dynamic weighing.
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| CN202010659548.2A CN111763863A (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-07-10 | Metal liquid quantum material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010659548.2A CN111763863A (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-07-10 | Metal liquid quantum material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114959399A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-30 | 雷湘湘 | Low-thermal-resistance liquid metal and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114959399A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-30 | 雷湘湘 | Low-thermal-resistance liquid metal and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201013 |