CN111762777B - Vertical roasting combined inner-string graphitization furnace - Google Patents
Vertical roasting combined inner-string graphitization furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN111762777B CN111762777B CN202010752398.XA CN202010752398A CN111762777B CN 111762777 B CN111762777 B CN 111762777B CN 202010752398 A CN202010752398 A CN 202010752398A CN 111762777 B CN111762777 B CN 111762777B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vertical roasting combined inner-string graphitization furnace, which comprises a furnace body, wherein a plurality of furnace boxes are arranged in the furnace body side by side, and the vertical roasting combined inner-string graphitization furnace is characterized in that two adjacent furnace boxes are a power transmission loop, the bottom of each furnace box is sequentially provided with a furnace bottom support pier, a cooling water tank, a furnace bottom total conductive copper plate and a furnace bottom conductive electrode from bottom to top, the top of each furnace box is sequentially provided with an upper conductive electrode, an upper connecting copper conductor and an upper electrode pressing counterweight from bottom to top, the upper connecting copper conductor is communicated with the upper conductive electrodes of the two adjacent furnace boxes, a flue-carrying furnace wall is arranged between each furnace bottom conductive electrode and the upper conductive electrode, and one side of the front side of the flue-carrying furnace wall is provided with a wall door; the invention combines secondary sintering and graphitization for production, and the secondary sintering product is not required to be cooled and then graphitized, thereby shortening the production period by about 20 days, avoiding the repeated sintering process before 850 ℃, and saving a large amount of energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of graphitization furnaces, in particular to a vertical roasting combined inner-string graphitization furnace.
Background
The high-power and ultrahigh-power graphite electrode is an indispensable important raw material in electric furnace steelmaking and plays an important role in national economic production; the production process comprises the steps of material preparation, kneading, molding, roasting, impregnation, secondary roasting, graphitization and processing; wherein the kneading, roasting, secondary roasting and graphitization processes are typical energy-consuming processes; at present, all high-power and ultrahigh-power graphite electrodes can enter a graphitization process after final roasting.
The existing secondary roasting and graphitization production equipment for the high-power and ultrahigh-power graphite electrode mainly comprises a tunnel kiln and a graphitization furnace; and (3) carrying out secondary roasting on the electrode in a tunnel kiln after impregnation (the time from kiln entry to kiln exit is 110-140 hours), and after roasting is finished, taking out of the kiln, cooling and then putting into a graphitization furnace for graphitization.
At present, the graphitization furnace suitable for large-size high-power and ultrahigh-power graphite electrodes is mainly an inner-string type graphitization furnace, and the existing inner-string type graphitization furnace is completely horizontally arranged, so that the occupied area is large; in the production process, four steps of charging, power transmission, cooling and discharging are needed, wherein the charging process comprises the steps of firstly laying a furnace bottom, then arranging electrodes on the furnace bottom in an end-to-end manner according to the longitudinal arrangement to form electrode columns, connecting two ends of each electrode column with positive and negative conductive electrodes of a power supply respectively, and covering heat preservation materials on the electrode columns, so that the charging is finished; the power transmission process is that large current is sent to electrode columns in the furnace body through conductive electrodes at two ends of the furnace body, resistance heat is generated through self resistance of the electrode columns so as to reach the graphitization temperature, and the graphitization power transmission process is completed; it is clear that in the power transmission process, because the electrode column has an expansion and contraction process, in order to ensure that the current can smoothly pass through the electrode column, both ends of the conductive electrode use the pushing oil cylinder to generate a pushing pressure on the electrode column, so as to ensure that the electrode column is always tightly connected; the cooling process need not be repeated; in the discharging process, a multifunctional crown block is needed to suck out the heat preservation materials, and then the electrodes are hoisted out.
The prior art has the following disadvantages:
1. the secondary roasting and the graphitization are respectively carried out, so that the electrode is repeatedly heated before 850 ℃, and a large amount of energy and time are wasted;
2. the existing graphitizing furnace in series adopts a horizontal type, and occupies a large area;
3. in the prior art, a pushing oil cylinder is required to ensure that the electrode column can normally supply power, the operation is complex and the cost is increased;
4. energy is wasted, after the bottom of the existing graphitizing furnace is paved, the furnace can not be paved again every time, and the bottom of the furnace can be replaced after the furnace is operated for a period of time, so that the resistivity of the bottom of the furnace is smaller and smaller due to the action of high temperature after the bottom of the furnace is used for a period of time, and a part of electric power can be lost from furnace bottom materials in the power transmission process, thereby causing the waste of the electric power;
5. the product quality homogeneity is poor, as mentioned in item 4, because the number of times of furnace bottom material replacement is small and the furnace bottom material is subjected to the action of the gravity of the upper layer material, the stacking density difference of the upper layer heat preservation material and the lower layer heat preservation material of the electrode column is large, the bias flow of the furnace bottom is easily formed, the temperature difference of the upper layer and the lower layer of the electrode is caused, and the homogeneity of the electrode is influenced;
6. because a large amount of heat preservation materials are added during charging and discharging, a multifunctional crown block is needed to meet the requirement of environmental protection, and the investment cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the vertical roasting and inner-string graphitization furnace is used for combined production of secondary roasting and graphitization, secondary roasting products do not need to be cooled and then graphitized, the production period is shortened by about 20 days, the repeated roasting process before 850 ℃ is avoided, and a large amount of energy is saved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a vertical roasting combined inner string graphitization furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein a plurality of furnace boxes are arranged in the furnace body side by side, two adjacent furnace boxes are a power transmission loop, a furnace bottom support pier, a cooling water tank, a furnace bottom total conductive copper plate and a furnace bottom conductive electrode are sequentially arranged at the bottom of each furnace box from bottom to top, an upper conductive electrode, an upper connecting copper conductor and an upper electrode pressing counterweight are sequentially arranged at the top of each furnace box from bottom to top, the upper connecting copper conductor is communicated with the upper conductive electrodes of the two adjacent furnace boxes, a flue-carrying furnace wall is arranged between the furnace bottom conductive electrode and the upper conductive electrode, and a wall door is arranged on one side of the front side of the flue-carrying furnace wall; the whole furnace body adopts a vertical design; two adjacent furnace boxes form a group to form a U-shaped design of a power transmission loop; a smoke exhaust partition wall is arranged between the two furnace boxes, and both sides of the smoke exhaust partition wall are provided with transverse smoke exhaust holes connected with the longitudinal smoke exhaust holes, so that two adjacent furnace boxes share one smoke exhaust partition wall, and the cost is reduced; a long edge of the outer wall of the furnace body is provided with a plurality of wall doors, and the other three edges are provided with plane furnace walls, so that the wall doors are convenient for dismounting products, and the plane furnace walls can prevent smoke from leaking out to pollute the environment; furnace body supporting steel frames are arranged at four corners of the furnace box, so that the whole structure is more stable; the furnace box is filled with the furnace interior heat insulation material, the furnace interior heat insulation material is filled between the product and the furnace wall, the furnace bottom does not need to be paved, and the stacking density of the heat insulation material is more uniform, so that the product is better in homogeneity; meanwhile, energy waste caused by bias flow of the furnace bottom materials in the prior art is avoided, and the complexity of operation of workers is correspondingly reduced; the furnace wall with the exhaust flue is transversely provided with a plurality of smoke exhaust holes which are communicated with a longitudinal smoke exhaust hole arranged in the middle of the furnace wall, the longitudinal smoke exhaust hole is communicated with external waste gas treatment equipment, waste gas is collected to the longitudinal smoke exhaust hole and is finally treated by the waste gas treatment equipment, the production environment is ensured to meet the environmental protection requirement, and the emission meets the national standard.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the invention adopts two adjacent oven boxes to form a power transmission loop, when in power transmission, current is transmitted into a product through the oven bottom conductive electrode, then transmitted into the adjacent oven boxes through the product, the upper conductive electrode and the upper connecting copper conductor, and flows out through the product and the adjacent oven bottom conductive electrode to form a complete power transmission loop;
when the furnace is used, the furnace is charged in the first step, the furnace is charged from bottom to top, the wall door is opened, products are sequentially stacked on the conductive electrodes at the bottom of the furnace, after one product is stacked, the heat insulation material in the furnace is filled, and the like, when the products are charged into the furnace top, the conductive electrodes at the upper part and the electrodes at the upper part are pressed and weighted and charged, at the moment, the charging is finished, and then the adjacent furnace boxes are connected in pairs by the upper connecting copper conductors;
secondly, power transmission is carried out, wherein before 850 ℃, power transmission is carried out according to a secondary roasting temperature rise curve, after 850 ℃, power transmission is carried out according to a graphitization curve, a large amount of flue gas generated in the power transmission process is sucked out and processed through a furnace wall with a discharge flue, and the production environment is ensured to meet the environmental protection requirement; along with the rise of the temperature, the products have an expansion and contraction process, and under the action of the self weight of the products and the pressing counterweight of the upper electrode, the products can always keep good contact, so that the smooth operation of the power transmission process is ensured;
and step three, discharging the product, namely discharging the product after cooling, wherein the discharging is from top to bottom, opening a wall door, sucking the heat preservation material by using a material sucking device, then lifting the product, and so on to discharge the product completely.
Optionally, the upper conductive electrode, the upper connecting copper conductor and the upper electrode pressing counter weight are detachably arranged, and when the product and the furnace heat insulation material are arranged at the top, the upper conductive electrode, the upper connecting copper conductor and the upper electrode pressing counter weight are sequentially arranged, so that the operation is more convenient.
Optionally, the wall door is a double-opening wall door, and the height of the wall door corresponds to the distance between the furnace bottom conductive electrode and the upper conductive electrode; the height of the wall door is the height of product installation, so that the operation is more convenient.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, because the secondary sintering and graphitization are combined for production, the secondary sintering product does not need to be cooled and then graphitized, so that the production period is shortened by about 20 days, and meanwhile, the repeated sintering process before 850 ℃ is avoided, and a large amount of energy is saved;
2. compared with the prior art, the invention does not need to lay the furnace bottom, and the stacking density of the heat preservation material is more uniform, thereby ensuring better homogeneity of the product; meanwhile, energy waste caused by bias flow of the furnace bottom materials in the prior art is avoided, and the complexity of operation of workers is correspondingly reduced;
3. the invention adopts the vertical U-shaped design, thereby reducing the occupied area and skillfully solving the problem of insufficient furnace charging amount due to the pure vertical design;
4. the vertical design of the invention fully utilizes the dead weight of the product and is assisted by the pressing counterweight, thereby ensuring the normal power transmission of the product during the expansion and contraction in the power transmission process, avoiding using a pushing oil cylinder in the prior art and saving the cost;
5. the vertical design of the invention does not use a multifunctional crown block when the furnace is discharged, thereby saving the investment cost.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the invention A-A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic left side view of the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a two-box configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 4;
labeled as: 1-furnace bottom support piers, 2-cooling water tanks, 3-furnace bottom total conductive copper plates, 4-furnace bottom conductive electrodes, 5-furnace heat insulation materials, 6-products, 7-flue-containing furnace walls, 8-upper conductive electrodes, 9-upper connecting copper conductors, 10-upper electrode compaction counterweights, 11-furnace bodies, 12-furnace boxes, 13-plane furnace walls, 14-wall doors, 15-furnace body support steel frames and 16-smoke exhaust partition walls.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-5, a vertical roasting combined inner-series graphitization furnace comprises a furnace body 11, wherein a plurality of furnace boxes 12 are arranged in the furnace body 11 side by side, and is characterized in that two of the furnace boxes 12 are a power transmission loop, the bottom of each furnace box 12 is provided with a furnace bottom support pier 1, a cooling water tank 2, a furnace bottom total conductive copper plate 3 and a furnace bottom conductive electrode 4 in sequence from bottom to top, the top is provided with an upper conductive electrode 8, an upper connecting copper conductor 9 and an upper electrode pressing counterweight 10 in sequence from bottom to top, the upper connecting copper conductor 9 is communicated with the upper conductive electrodes 8 of two adjacent furnace boxes 12, a flue-carrying furnace wall 7 is arranged between the furnace bottom conductive electrode 4 and the upper conductive electrode 8, and a wall door 14 is arranged on one side of the front side of the flue-carrying furnace wall 7; a smoke exhaust partition wall 16 is arranged between the two furnace boxes 12, and both sides of the smoke exhaust partition wall 16 are provided with transverse smoke exhaust holes connected with the longitudinal smoke exhaust holes, so that two adjacent furnace boxes 12 share one smoke exhaust partition wall 16, and the cost is reduced; a plurality of wall doors 14 are arranged on the long edge of the outer wall of the furnace body 11, and a planar furnace wall 13 is arranged on the other three edges of the outer wall, the wall doors 14 facilitate the disassembly of the product 6, and the planar furnace wall 13 can prevent smoke from leaking out to pollute the environment; furnace body supporting steel frames 15 are arranged at four corners of the furnace box 12, so that the whole structure is more stable; the furnace box 12 is filled with the furnace heat insulation material 5, the furnace heat insulation material 5 is filled between the product 6 and the furnace wall, the furnace bottom does not need to be paved, and the stacking density of the heat insulation material is more uniform, so that the product 6 is better in homogeneity; meanwhile, energy waste caused by bias flow of the furnace bottom materials in the prior art is avoided, and the complexity of operation of workers is correspondingly reduced; the furnace wall 7 with the exhaust flue is transversely provided with a plurality of smoke exhaust holes which are communicated with a longitudinal smoke exhaust hole arranged in the middle of the furnace wall, the longitudinal smoke exhaust hole is communicated with external waste gas treatment equipment, waste gas is collected to the longitudinal smoke exhaust hole and is finally treated by the waste gas treatment equipment, the production environment is ensured to meet the environmental protection requirement, and the emission meets the national standard.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: according to the invention, two adjacent furnace boxes 12 form a power transmission loop, when power is transmitted, current is transmitted into a product 6 through the furnace bottom conductive electrode 4, then transmitted into the adjacent furnace boxes 12 through the product 6, the upper conductive electrode 8 and the upper connecting copper conductor 9, and flows out through the product 6 and the adjacent furnace bottom conductive electrode 4 to form a complete power transmission loop;
when the furnace is used, firstly, charging from bottom to top, opening the wall door 14, sequentially stacking the products 6 on the conductive electrode 4 at the bottom of the furnace, filling the heat insulation material 5 in the furnace after stacking one product, repeating the process, when the products are loaded into the furnace top, well loading the upper conductive electrode 8 and the upper electrode pressing counterweight 10, completing charging, and then connecting every two adjacent furnace boxes 12 by using the upper connecting copper conductor 9;
secondly, power transmission is carried out, wherein before 850 ℃, power transmission is carried out according to a secondary roasting temperature rise curve, after 850 ℃, power transmission is carried out according to a graphitization curve, a large amount of flue gas generated in the power transmission process is sucked out and processed through a furnace wall with a discharge flue, and the production environment is ensured to meet the environmental protection requirement; along with the rise of the temperature, the products 6 have an expansion and contraction process, and under the action of the self weight of the products 6 and the pressing counterweight 10 of the upper electrode, the products 6 can always keep good contact, so that the smooth operation of the power transmission process is ensured;
and step three, discharging, namely discharging the product 6 after cooling, wherein the discharging is from top to bottom, opening the wall door 14, sucking the heat insulation material by using a material sucking device, then lifting the product 6, and so on to completely discharge the product 6.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the upper conductive electrode 8, the upper connecting copper conductor 9 and the upper electrode pressing counterweight 10 are detachably arranged, and when the product 6 and the furnace insulation material 5 are arranged on the top, the upper conductive electrode 8, the upper connecting copper conductor 9 and the upper electrode pressing counterweight 10 are sequentially arranged, so that the operation is more convenient.
Example 3
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the wall door 14 is a double-opening wall door 14, and the height of the wall door 14 corresponds to the distance between the furnace bottom conductive electrode 4 and the upper conductive electrode 8; the height of the wall door 14 is the height at which the product 6 is installed, making the operation more convenient.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all structural changes that can be made by using the contents of the description and the drawings of the present invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (3)
1. A vertical roasting combined inner-string graphitization furnace comprises a furnace body (11), wherein a plurality of furnace boxes (12) are arranged in the furnace body (11) side by side, it is characterized in that two adjacent furnace boxes (12) are a power transmission loop, the bottom of each furnace box (12) is sequentially provided with a furnace bottom support pier (1), a cooling water tank (2), a furnace bottom total conductive copper plate (3) and a furnace bottom conductive electrode (4) from bottom to top, the top is sequentially provided with an upper conductive electrode (8), an upper connecting copper conductor (9) and an upper electrode pressing counterweight (10) from bottom to top, the upper connecting copper conductor (9) is communicated with the upper conductive electrodes (8) of two adjacent furnace boxes (12), a furnace wall (7) with a flue is arranged between the furnace bottom conductive electrode (4) and the upper conductive electrode (8), a wall door (14) is arranged on one side of the front side of the furnace wall (7) with the exhaust flue; the whole furnace body adopts a vertical design; two adjacent furnace boxes (12) form a group to form a U-shaped design of a power transmission loop; a smoke exhaust partition wall (16) is arranged between the two furnace boxes (12); a long edge of the outer wall of the furnace body (11) is provided with a plurality of wall doors (14), and the other three edges are provided with plane furnace walls (13); furnace body supporting steel frames (15) are arranged at four corners of the furnace box (12); the furnace box (12) is filled with a furnace heat insulation material (5); the furnace wall (7) with the exhaust flue is transversely provided with a plurality of smoke exhaust holes which are communicated with a longitudinal smoke exhaust hole arranged in the middle of the furnace wall, and the longitudinal smoke exhaust hole is communicated with external waste gas treatment equipment.
2. The vertical roasting-combined inner-string graphitization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper conductive electrode (8), the upper connecting copper conductor (9) and the upper electrode pressing weight (10) are detachably provided.
3. The vertical roasting combined inner-string graphitization furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wall door (14) is a double-wall door (14), and the height of the wall door (14) corresponds to the distance between the bottom conductive electrode (4) and the upper conductive electrode (8).
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| CN202010752398.XA CN111762777B (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Vertical roasting combined inner-string graphitization furnace |
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| CN202010752398.XA CN111762777B (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Vertical roasting combined inner-string graphitization furnace |
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| CN111762777B true CN111762777B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2552904Y (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2003-05-28 | 蔡苏卫 | Series graphitizing furnace |
| EP1357096A1 (en) * | 2002-04-16 | 2003-10-29 | SGL Carbon GmbH & Co. | Method and apparatus for graphitizing carbon bodies |
| CN2668601Y (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-01-05 | 蔡苏卫 | Inner graphitizing furnace |
| CN107857262A (en) * | 2017-11-18 | 2018-03-30 | 展红明 | A kind of vertical inner string graphitization stove technical field of graphite carburant |
| CN208860136U (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-05-14 | 兰州天洁炭素应用技术有限公司 | A kind of novel building block system entirety inner string graphitization stove wall |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206562303U (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-10-17 | 新疆全汇新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of vertical inner string graphitization stove of special graphite carburant |
| CN108178155A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-19 | 山西沁新能源集团股份有限公司 | A kind of concatermer block form high temperature graphitization stove |
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2020
- 2020-07-30 CN CN202010752398.XA patent/CN111762777B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1357096A1 (en) * | 2002-04-16 | 2003-10-29 | SGL Carbon GmbH & Co. | Method and apparatus for graphitizing carbon bodies |
| CN2552904Y (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2003-05-28 | 蔡苏卫 | Series graphitizing furnace |
| CN2668601Y (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-01-05 | 蔡苏卫 | Inner graphitizing furnace |
| CN107857262A (en) * | 2017-11-18 | 2018-03-30 | 展红明 | A kind of vertical inner string graphitization stove technical field of graphite carburant |
| CN208860136U (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-05-14 | 兰州天洁炭素应用技术有限公司 | A kind of novel building block system entirety inner string graphitization stove wall |
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