CN111761051A - Copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
-
- B22F1/0003—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
- B22F1/142—Thermal or thermo-mechanical treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
- B22F1/145—Chemical treatment, e.g. passivation or decarburisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/088—Fluid nozzles, e.g. angle, distance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Abstract
The invention relates to copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c is less than or equal to 0.02 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.030 percent; mn is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; cu 8-30%; mo 0-4.0%, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly preparing high-compressibility water atomized pure iron powder, then adding electrolytic copper powder for mixing, and preparing the copper-containing water atomized steel powder in a high-temperature diffusion adhesion mode. The copper powder is directly attached to the surface of the iron powder particles and is not producedRaw copper is segregated, and copper powder particles are diffused to the surfaces of iron powder particles at high temperature, so that agglomeration is reduced, and the mechanical property of a sintered part is improved. The 600MPa compressibility of the copper-containing iron powder is more than or equal to 7.10g/cm3. The method can be directly used for powder metallurgy preparation, copper powder is not required to be additionally added, and the surface of the sintered product part is kept clean.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of powder metallurgy, in particular to copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The water atomized iron powder is commonly used as a basic raw material for preparing parts of powder metallurgy products, but alloy auxiliary materials such as graphite, copper powder (electrolytic copper powder, atomized copper powder and the like) and the like are often required to be added in the using process so as to improve various properties of the parts of the final products and achieve the optimal using effect.
At present, copper powder is often added in the process of mixing powder preparation, and is generally added directly or added by a bonding powder mixing technology, but the copper powder and the bonding powder mixing technology have the following limitations: 1. the direct addition has the advantages that the cost is low, but if the copper powder is added in too much amount, segregation is easy to occur, and finally, the sintering size stability of the product part after sintering is poor, the performance deviation is large, and the severe situation can generate the phenomenon of free copper to damage the matrix structure performance; 2. the bonding powder mixing technology can effectively bond copper powder to the surface of base powder, and solves the problem of large sintering size fluctuation, but if the bonding agent is not completely volatilized, the surface of a product part is easily polluted, and the appearance is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy, the copper powder is directly attached to the surface of iron powder particles, copper segregation is not generated, and the copper-containing iron powder is directly used in the mixed powder preparation process of a powder metallurgy product without additionally adding copper powder.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c is less than or equal to 0.02 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.030 percent; mn is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; cu 8-30%; mo 0-4.0%, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities.
A method of preparing a copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy, comprising: smelting, atomizing, reducing, annealing, mixing and diffusing; the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) smelting: the Mo content in the molten steel is 0-4.0%, and the tapping temperature is as follows: 1620 ℃ to 1800 ℃;
2) atomizing to prepare powder: the atomization pressure is 10-15 MPa, the atomization starting temperature is 1580-1700 ℃, the atomization finishing temperature is 1550-1630 ℃, the diameter of molten steel flow is 14-28 mm, and the flow rate is 140-240 m3H, the spraying angle is 30-50 degrees;
3) reduction: reducing the atomized powder by a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a reduction preheating section of the reducing furnace is 550-800 ℃, and the stroke of the preheating section is 4-6 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 800-1000 ℃, and the stroke of the high-temperature section is 6-12 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 500-800 ℃, and the stroke of the cooling section is 4-8 m; the running speed is as follows: 90-300 mm/min; the thickness of the material layer is 12-48 mm; the flow of ammonia gas is 60-190 m3/h；
4) Annealing: annealing the reduced powder in a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a reduction preheating section of the reducing furnace is 550-800 ℃; the stroke of the preheating section is 4-6 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 800-900 ℃; the stroke of the high-temperature section is 6-12 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 500-800 ℃; the stroke of the cooling section is 4-8 m; the running speed is as follows: and (3) thickness of a 90-300 mm/min material layer: 12-48 mm and ammonia gas flow of 60-190 m3H; the 600MPa compressibility of the discharged powder is more than or equal to 7.17g/cm3；
5) Mixing materials: crushing, screening and batching the annealed powder, then adding 0.1-2.0% of oily adhesive, adding 8-30% of electrolytic copper powder, controlling the rotating speed of a mixer to be 10-20 r/min, and controlling the mixing time to be 30-90 min to prepare a semi-finished product;
6) diffusion: diffusing the semi-finished product through a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a diffusion preheating section of the reducing furnace is 650-900 ℃, and the stroke of the preheating section is 2-4 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 900-1000 DEG CThe stroke of the high-temperature section is 4-14 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 650-900 ℃, and the stroke of the cooling section is 4-8 m; the flow of ammonia gas is 60-190 m3H, controlling the diffusion time to be 60-120 min, and controlling the material layer thickness: 20-35 mm, and discharging to obtain a finished product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the steps of firstly preparing high-compressibility water atomized pure iron powder, then adding electrolytic copper powder for mixing, and preparing the copper-containing water atomized steel powder in a high-temperature diffusion adhesion mode.
2. Copper powder is directly attached to the surfaces of iron powder particles, copper segregation is not generated, and the copper powder particles are diffused to the surfaces of the iron powder particles at high temperature, so that agglomeration is reduced, and the mechanical property of a sintered part is improved. The 600MPa compressibility of the copper-containing iron powder is more than or equal to 7.10g/cm3. The method can be directly used for powder metallurgy preparation, copper powder is not required to be additionally added, and the surface of the sintered product part is kept clean.
3. The invention adopts electrolytic copper powder instead of atomized copper powder, and the electrolytic copper powder has high purity and is dendritic, thereby being beneficial to the uniformity of the diffusion process; by adopting a high-temperature diffusion mode, copper powder can be attached to the particle surface of the iron powder so as to ensure the compressibility and sintering size stability of the iron powder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic specimen of a sintered FC0208 product of an application example.
FIG. 2 is a metallographic section of a comparative example FC0208 sintered article.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
the following examples describe the invention in detail. These examples are merely illustrative of the best embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
According to the design components, with the copper content of 10% and the balance of iron as the target, the copper-containing iron powder is prepared by the following method:
a method of preparing a copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy, comprising: smelting, atomizing, reducing, annealing, mixing and diffusing; the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) smelting: the Mo content in the molten steel is 0, and the tapping temperature is as follows: 1620 ℃ to 1700 ℃;
2) atomizing to prepare powder: the atomization pressure is 10-15 Mpa, the atomization starting temperature is 1700 ℃, the atomization finishing temperature is 1630 ℃, the diameter of molten steel flow is 28mm, and the flow rate is 240m3H, the spraying angle is 30-50 degrees;
3) reduction: reducing the atomized powder by a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a reduction preheating section of the reducing furnace is 800 ℃, and the stroke of the preheating section is 6 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 1000 ℃, and the stroke of the high-temperature section is 12 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 800 ℃, and the stroke of the cooling section is 8 m; the running speed is 300 mm/min; the thickness of the material layer is 48 mm; ammonia gas flow rate 190m3/h；
4) Annealing: annealing the reduced powder in a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a reduction preheating section of the reducing furnace is 800 ℃; the stroke of the preheating section is 6 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 900 ℃; the stroke of the high-temperature section is 2 m; the temperature of a cooling section is 800 ℃; the stroke of the cooling section is 8 m; the running speed is as follows: and (3) thickness of a 300 mm/min material layer: 48 mm and ammonia gas flow of 190m3H; the 600MPa compressibility of the discharged powder is more than or equal to 7.17g/cm3；
5) Mixing materials: crushing, screening and batching the annealed powder, then adding 2.0% of oily adhesive and 10% of electrolytic copper powder, controlling the rotating speed of a mixer to be 20r/min and the mixing time to be 90min, and preparing a semi-finished product;
6) diffusion: diffusing the semi-finished product through a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a diffusion preheating section of the reducing furnace is 900 ℃, and the stroke of the preheating section is 4 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 1000 ℃, and the stroke of the high-temperature section is 14 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 900 ℃, and the stroke of the cooling section is 8 m; ammonia gas flow rate 190m3H, controlling diffusion time for 120min, and controlling the thickness of a material layer: 35mm, and discharging to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
According to the design components, with 9.65% of copper and the balance of iron as the target, the copper-containing iron powder is prepared by the following method:
1) smelting: the Mo content in the molten steel is 0, and the tapping temperature is as follows: 1720-1800 ℃;
2) atomizing to prepare powder: atomization pressure 10MPa, atomizationThe initial temperature is 1580 ℃, the atomization finishing temperature is 1550 ℃, the diameter of molten steel flow is 14mm, and the flow rate is 140-240 m3H, the spraying angle is 30-50 degrees;
3) reduction: reducing the atomized powder by a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a reduction preheating section of the reducing furnace is 550-800 ℃, and the stroke of the preheating section is 4 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 800-1000 ℃, and the stroke of the high-temperature section is 10 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 600 ℃, and the stroke of the cooling section is 7 m; the running speed is as follows: 220 mm/min; the thickness of the material layer is 22 mm; ammonia flow 160m3/h；
4) Annealing: annealing the reduced powder in a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a reduction preheating section of the reducing furnace is 550 ℃; the stroke of the preheating section is 4 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 800 ℃; the stroke of the high-temperature section is 6 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 500 ℃; the stroke of the cooling section is 4 m; the running speed is as follows: and (3) thickness of the 180 mm/min material layer: 12 mm and ammonia flow of 160m3H; the 600MPa compressibility of the discharged powder is more than or equal to 7.17g/cm3；
5) Mixing materials: crushing, screening and batching the annealed powder, then adding 2.0% of oily adhesive and 9.65% of electrolytic copper powder, controlling the rotating speed of a mixer to be 15r/min and the mixing time to be 60min, and preparing a semi-finished product;
6) diffusion: diffusing the semi-finished product through a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a diffusion preheating section of the reducing furnace is 650 ℃, and the stroke of the preheating section is 4 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 1000 ℃, and the stroke of the high-temperature section is 10 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 700 ℃, and the stroke of the cooling section is 8 m; ammonia gas flow rate 170m3H, controlling diffusion time for 80min, and controlling the thickness of a material layer: 25mm, and discharging to obtain the finished product of the copper-containing iron powder.
Example 3
According to the design components, with the copper content of 20% and the balance of iron as the target, the copper-containing iron powder is prepared by the following method:
1) smelting: the Mo content in the molten steel is 0.5 percent, and the tapping temperature is as follows: 1620 ℃ to 1800 ℃;
2) atomizing to prepare powder: the atomization pressure is 11MPa, the atomization starting temperature is 1600 ℃, the atomization finishing temperature is 1550 ℃, the diameter of the molten steel flow is 20mm, and the flow rate is 150m3H, the spraying angle is 30-50 degrees;
3) reduction: mixing the above atomized powdersReducing the body by a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a reducing preheating section of the reducing furnace is 600 ℃, and the stroke of the preheating section is 4-6 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 600 ℃, and the stroke of the high-temperature section is 10 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 600 ℃, and the stroke of the cooling section is 8 m; the running speed is as follows: 200 mm/min; the thickness of the material layer is 38 mm; ammonia gas flow 100m3/h；
4) Annealing: annealing the reduced powder in a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a reduction preheating section of the reducing furnace is 650 ℃; the stroke of the preheating section is 4 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 800 ℃; the stroke of the high-temperature section is 10 m; the temperature of a cooling section is 700 ℃; the stroke of the cooling section is 6 m; the running speed is as follows: and (3) thickness of a 200 mm/min material layer: 38 mm and the ammonia gas flow rate of 150m3H; the 600MPa compressibility of the discharged powder is more than or equal to 7.17g/cm3；
5) Mixing materials: crushing, screening and batching the annealed powder, then adding 0.1% of oily adhesive and 20% of electrolytic copper powder, controlling the rotating speed of a mixer by 20r/min and the mixing time by 90min to prepare a semi-finished product;
6) diffusion: diffusing the semi-finished product through a reduction furnace, wherein the temperature of a diffusion preheating section of the reduction furnace is 700 ℃, and the stroke of the preheating section is 4 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 1000 ℃, and the stroke of the high-temperature section is 12 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 900 ℃, and the stroke of the cooling section is 5 m; ammonia gas flow 120m3H, controlling diffusion time for 100min, and controlling the thickness of a material layer: and (6) discharging the iron powder with the thickness of 28mm to obtain the finished product of the copper-containing iron powder.
The performance indexes of the copper-containing iron powder are shown in a table 1;
table 1:
and comparing the performances of the powder metallurgy material FC0208 prepared from the copper-containing iron powder and the powder metallurgy material FC0208 prepared from the copper powder.
Application example: the powder metallurgy material FC0208 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20 percent of copper-containing iron powder containing 10 percent of copper, 0.8 percent of graphite, 0.6 percent of lubricant and the balance of water atomized pure iron powder, wherein the sintered products are numbered A1, A2 and A3.
Comparative example: the powder metallurgy material FC0208 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: copper powder 2.0%, graphite 0.8%, lubricant 0.6%, and the balance water-atomized iron powder, wherein the sintered products are numbered B1, B2, and B3.
The comprehensive properties of the powder metallurgy product are shown in the table 2;
table 2:
in summary, the copper-containing iron powder of the invention can be used for directly preparing powder metallurgy materials without adding copper powder.
Claims (2)
1. The copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c is less than or equal to 0.02 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.030 percent; mn is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; cu 8-30%; mo 0-4.0%, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. A method of copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 1, comprising: smelting, atomizing, reducing, annealing, mixing and diffusing; the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) smelting: the Mo content in the molten steel is 0-4.0%, and the tapping temperature is as follows: 1620 ℃ to 1800 ℃;
2) atomizing to prepare powder: the atomization pressure is 10-15 MPa, the atomization starting temperature is 1580-1700 ℃, the atomization finishing temperature is 1550-1630 ℃, the diameter of molten steel flow is 14-28 mm, and the flow rate is 140-240 m3H, the spraying angle is 30-50 degrees;
3) reduction: reducing the atomized powder by a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a reduction preheating section of the reducing furnace is 550-800 ℃, and the stroke of the preheating section is 4-6 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 800-1000 ℃, and the stroke of the high-temperature section is 6-12 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 500-800 ℃, and the stroke of the cooling section is 4-8 m; the running speed is as follows: 90-300 mm/min; the thickness of the material layer is 12-48 mm; the flow of ammonia gas is 60-190 m3/h；
4) RetreatFire: annealing the reduced powder in a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a reduction preheating section of the reducing furnace is 550-800 ℃; the stroke of the preheating section is 4-6 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 800-900 ℃; the stroke of the high-temperature section is 6-12 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 500-800 ℃; the stroke of the cooling section is 4-8 m; the running speed is as follows: and (3) thickness of a 90-300 mm/min material layer: 12-48 mm and ammonia gas flow of 60-190 m3H; the 600MPa compressibility of the discharged powder is more than or equal to 7.17g/cm3；
5) Mixing materials: crushing, screening and batching the annealed powder, then adding 0.1-2.0% of oily adhesive, adding 8-30% of electrolytic copper powder, controlling the rotating speed of a mixer to be 10-20 r/min, and controlling the mixing time to be 30-90 min to prepare a semi-finished product;
6) diffusion: diffusing the semi-finished product through a reducing furnace, wherein the temperature of a diffusion preheating section of the reducing furnace is 650-900 ℃, and the stroke of the preheating section is 2-4 m; the temperature of the high-temperature section is 900-1000 ℃, and the stroke of the high-temperature section is 4-14 m; the temperature of the cooling section is 650-900 ℃, and the stroke of the cooling section is 4-8 m; the flow of ammonia gas is 60-190 m3H, controlling the diffusion time to be 60-120 min, and controlling the material layer thickness: 20-35 mm, and discharging to obtain a finished product.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010524645.0A CN111761051B (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2021/083122 WO2021248980A1 (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2021-03-26 | Copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy and preparation method therefor |
| DE112021000016.0T DE112021000016T5 (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2021-03-26 | COPPER-FILLED IRON POWDER FOR POWDER METALLURGY AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF |
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| CN113649560A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-16 | 鞍钢(鞍山)冶金粉材有限公司 | Preparation method of special mixed powder for automobile gear hubs |
| WO2021248980A1 (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-12-16 | 鞍钢(鞍山)冶金粉材有限公司 | Copper-containing iron powder for powder metallurgy and preparation method therefor |
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| CN115740469A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-07 | 江苏萌达新材料科技有限公司 | Superfine low-oxygen iron-nickel alloy powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN117600459A (en) * | 2023-11-06 | 2024-02-27 | 广东凯洋新材料有限公司 | Heat dissipation bracket and preparation method thereof |
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| DE112021000016T5 (en) | 2022-01-27 |
| WO2021248980A1 (en) | 2021-12-16 |
| CN111761051B (en) | 2022-07-19 |
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