CN111756175A - Drive device - Google Patents

Drive device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111756175A
CN111756175A CN202010102075.6A CN202010102075A CN111756175A CN 111756175 A CN111756175 A CN 111756175A CN 202010102075 A CN202010102075 A CN 202010102075A CN 111756175 A CN111756175 A CN 111756175A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
axial
motor
rotor
housing
fan
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202010102075.6A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN111756175B (en
Inventor
竹本心路
小笠原大介
松田和敏
矶贝悠介
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Nidec Corp
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Nidec Corp
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Publication of CN111756175A publication Critical patent/CN111756175A/en
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Publication of CN111756175B publication Critical patent/CN111756175B/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/10—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with arrangements for protection from ingress, e.g. water or fingers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/003—Couplings; Details of shafts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/006—Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Abstract

The invention provides a driving device. One embodiment of a driving device according to the present invention includes: a motor including a rotor rotatable about a central axis, a stator facing the rotor with a gap therebetween, and a 1 st housing accommodating the rotor and the stator therein; a 2 nd housing accommodating a motor therein; and at least one fan disposed at the rotor inside the 1 st cabinet.

Description

Drive device
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a drive device.
Background
Motors having a housing are known which further accommodate a drive means inside the other housing. For example, patent document 1 describes a structure in which a motor is housed inside a hub of a wheel.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2000-83349
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In the above-described driving device, since the motor is accommodated in the other housing, there is a problem that it is difficult to discharge heat of the motor to the outside.
In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a driving device having a structure capable of improving heat dissipation of a motor.
Means for solving the problems
One embodiment of a driving device according to the present invention includes: a motor including a rotor rotatable about a central axis, a stator facing the rotor with a gap therebetween, and a 1 st housing accommodating the rotor and the stator therein; a 2 nd housing accommodating the motor therein; and at least one fan disposed at the rotor inside the 1 st cabinet.
Effects of the invention
According to one aspect of the present invention, the heat dissipation of the motor can be improved in the driving device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a driving device of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the drive device of embodiment 1, and is a sectional view taken along line II-II in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of the rotor of embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the motor of embodiment 1 as viewed in one direction.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the motor of embodiment 1 as viewed from another direction.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing a part of the driving device of embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing a part of the driving device of embodiment 2.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing a part of the rotor of embodiment 2.
Description of the reference symbols
1. 2: a drive device; 10. 110: a motor (in-wheel motor); 30: a hub (2 nd enclosure); 50. 150: a rotor; 52: a rotor core; 55: an iron core penetration portion; 60: a stator; 70. 170: a motor case (1 st case); 70 a: a vent portion; 70 b: an axial hole portion; 70 c: a radial hole portion; 73: 1 st axial wall portion (axial wall portion); 73 a: 1 st axial hole part; 74: 1 st peripheral wall portion (peripheral wall portion); 76: 2 nd axial wall portion (axial wall portion); 76 a: a 2 nd axial hole portion; 77: a 2 nd peripheral wall portion (peripheral wall portion); 80. 180: a fan; 81. 82: a centrifugal fan; 181: an axial flow fan; 182: a suction fan; j: a central axis.
Detailed Description
The X-axis direction shown in each figure is a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction. The vertical direction in each drawing is the vertical direction. In the following embodiments, the X-axis direction is the lateral direction of the vehicle on which the drive device of each embodiment is mounted. A central axis J appropriately shown in each drawing is an imaginary line extending in a direction parallel to the X-axis direction as the left-right direction. In the following description, the axial direction of the central axis J, i.e., the direction parallel to the X-axis direction, will be simply referred to as the "axial direction", the positive side in the X-axis direction will be referred to as the "right side", and the negative side in the X-axis direction will be referred to as the "left side". The radial direction about the central axis J is simply referred to as the "radial direction", and the circumferential direction about the central axis J is simply referred to as the "circumferential direction".
In the following embodiments, the right side corresponds to one axial side, and the left side corresponds to the other axial side. The vertical direction, the horizontal direction, the left-right direction, the right side, and the left side are only names used to describe the relative positional relationship of the respective portions, and the actual positional relationship may be other than the positional relationship indicated by these names.
< embodiment 1 >
The drive device 1 of the present embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2 is used as a drive device for an electric vehicle such as an electric bicycle, an electric power-assisted bicycle, or a walking assist vehicle. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the driving device 1 includes: a pair of hub shafts 41, 42 fixed to the vehicle; a hollow hub 30 rotatable about hub shafts 41, 42; a motor 10 accommodated inside the hub 30 and fixed to the hub shaft 41; and a reduction mechanism 20 connected to the motor 10 and the hub 30. In the present embodiment, the hub 30 corresponds to the 2 nd housing.
The hub shafts 41 and 42 have a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction about the center axis J. The hub shaft 41 protrudes rightward from the hub 30. The hub shaft 42 protrudes to the left side from the hub 30. As shown in fig. 2, the motor 10 has a motor case 70 fixed to the hub shaft 41. In the present embodiment, the reduction mechanism 20 is fixed to the motor case 70. The hub shaft 42, the reduction mechanism 20, the motor case 70, and the hub shaft 41 are connected and fixed in this order from the left side to the right side in the axial direction. Further, either one of the hub shafts 41 and 42 may be fixed to the vehicle.
The hub 30 is rotatable about the center axis J. In the present embodiment, the hub 30 is driven to rotate about the hub shafts 41 and 42 by the driving force of the motor 10 and the reduction mechanism 20 fixed to the hub shafts 41 and 42. The hub 30 is a hollow outer case that accommodates the motor 10 and the reduction mechanism 20 therein. In the present embodiment, the inside of the hub 30 is sealed. The hub 30 includes a bottomed cylindrical body portion 31 and a disk-shaped cover portion 32.
In the present embodiment, the body 31 has a cylindrical shape with a center axis J as a center and is open to the left. The body 31 has a bottom wall 33 and a cylindrical portion 34. The bottom wall portion 33 is located on the right side of the motor 10. The bottom wall portion 33 covers the motor 10 from the right side. A hub bearing 93 is held at a radially central portion of the bottom wall portion 33. The main body 31 is rotatably supported by the hub bearing 93 to the motor case 70. The cylindrical portion 34 extends leftward from the radially outer peripheral edge of the bottom wall portion 33. The motor 10 and the reduction mechanism 20 are accommodated in this order from the bottom wall portion 33 toward the left side inside the tube portion 34.
The lid portion 32 closes the opening of the body portion 31 from the left side. The lid portion 32 is fixed to the body portion 31 with screws, for example. The cover portion 32 is located on the left side of the reduction mechanism 20. The cover portion 32 covers the reduction mechanism 20 from the left side. A hub bearing 94 is held at a radially central portion of the cover portion 32. The cover portion 32 is rotatably supported by the hub bearing 94 on the hub axle 42. As described above, in the present embodiment, the hub 30 is supported by the hub bearings 93 and 94 so as to be rotatable about the center axis J. In the present embodiment, the hub bearings 93 and 94 are rolling bearings. The hub bearings 93 and 94 are, for example, ball bearings.
The motor 10 of the present embodiment is an in-wheel motor that rotates a wheel of a vehicle by rotating the hub 30. In the present embodiment, the motor 10 is an inner rotor type motor. The motor 10 has: a rotor 50 rotatable about a central axis J; a stator 60 facing the rotor 50 with a gap therebetween; and a motor case 70 accommodating the rotor 50 and the stator 60 therein. In the present embodiment, the motor case 70 corresponds to the 1 st housing.
The rotor 50 is rotatable about the central axis J. The rotor 50 includes a motor shaft 51, a rotor core 52, a plurality of rotor magnets 54, and a molded resin portion 53. The motor shaft 51 is disposed along the center axis J. The motor shaft 51 has a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction about the center axis J. The left end of the motor shaft 51 protrudes to the left side of the motor case 70. The motor shaft 51 is rotatably supported by bearings 91 and 92 held by the motor case 70. In the present embodiment, the bearings 91 and 92 are rolling bearings. The bearings 91 and 92 are ball bearings, for example.
The rotor core 52 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the motor shaft 51. Although not shown, the rotor core 52 is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel plates in the axial direction, for example. As shown in fig. 3, the rotor core 52 has an inner core portion 52a, a plurality of outer core portions 52b, and a plurality of connecting portions 52 c. The inner core portion 52a has an annular shape centered on the central axis J. The inner core portion 52a is fitted and fixed to the motor shaft 51. The plurality of outer core portions 52b are located radially outward of the inner core portions 52 a. The plurality of outer core portions 52b are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, the plurality of outer core portions 52b are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the circumference. The outer core portion 52b is provided with, for example, 10.
The plurality of connecting portions 52c extend in the radial direction, and connect the inner core portion 52a and each of the plurality of outer core portions 52 b. The plurality of connecting portions 52c are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, the plurality of connecting portions 52c are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on one circumference. Each of the plurality of connecting portions 52c has a hole portion 52d that penetrates the connecting portion 52c in the circumferential direction. The hole portion 52d is, for example, a rectangular hole.
A core penetration portion 55 penetrating the rotor core 52 in the axial direction is provided between the circumferentially adjacent connecting portions 52 c. That is, the rotor core 52 has a core insertion portion 55. A plurality of core penetration portions 55 are provided along the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, the plurality of core penetration portions 55 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on one circumference. The core insertion portion 55 is connected to the inside of the hole portion 52 d.
The plurality of rotor magnets 54 are respectively disposed between the circumferentially adjacent outer core portions 52 b. Both circumferential side surfaces of the rotor magnet 54 are in contact with circumferential side surfaces of the outer core portions 52b adjacent to both circumferential sides. In the present embodiment, the rotor magnet 54 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape extending in the radial direction. For example, 10 rotor magnets 54 are provided.
The molded resin portion 53 holds the rotor core 52 and the plurality of rotor magnets 54. The mold resin portion 53 is formed by, for example, insert molding in which resin is poured into a mold into which the rotor core 52 is inserted. The molded resin portion 53 has a base portion 53a, a plurality of outer support portions 53b, and a plurality of inner support portions 53 c.
In the present embodiment, the base portion 53a has an annular shape centered on the central axis J. The base portion 53a has a plate shape with a plate surface facing the axial direction. The base 53a is located on the left side of the rotor core 52, and supports the rotor core 52 and the plurality of rotor magnets 54 from the left side. In the present embodiment, the base portion 53a covers the core insertion portion 55 from the left side. In the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the base portion 53a is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the inner core portion 52 a.
The plurality of outer support portions 53b and the plurality of inner support portions 53c protrude rightward from the base portion 53 a. The plurality of outer support portions 53b are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference in the circumferential direction. The plurality of inner support portions 53c are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference in the circumferential direction. The outer support portions 53b support the rotor magnets 54 from the radially outer side. The inner support portions 53c support the rotor magnets 54 from the radially inner side.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the stator 60 is located radially outward of the rotor 50. The stator 60 has a stator core 61, an insulator 62, and a plurality of coils 63. The stator core 61 is fixed to the motor case 70. Although not shown, the stator core 61 is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel plates in the axial direction, for example. The stator core 61 includes: an annular core back 61a surrounding the rotor 50; and a plurality of teeth 61b extending radially inward from the core back 61 a. Although not shown, the plurality of teeth 61b are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on one circumference. The insulators 62 are attached to the plurality of teeth 61b, respectively. The plurality of coils 63 are attached to the plurality of teeth 61b via the insulating material 62.
The motor case 70 is accommodated inside the hub 30. A gap is provided between the outer side surface of the motor case 70 and the inner side surface of the hub 30. More specifically, a gap is provided in a circumferential direction between a radially outer surface of the motor case 70 and a radially inner surface of the hub 30. An annular gap surrounding the center axis J is provided between the right surface of the motor case 70 and the left surface of the bottom wall portion 33 of the hub 30 in the axial direction.
In the present embodiment, the motor case 70 includes: the 1 st motor bracket 71 located on the right side of the stator 60; and a 2 nd motor bracket 72 located on the left side of the stator 60. The motor case 70 holds the stator 60 in a state of sandwiching the stator 60 in the axial direction by the 1 st motor bracket 71 and the 2 nd motor bracket 72.
The 1 st motor bracket 71 has a bottomed cylindrical shape with an opening to the left side. The 1 st motor bracket 71 has a 1 st axial wall portion 73, a 1 st circumferential wall portion 74, and a 1 st bearing holding portion 75. The 1 st axial wall portion 73 is an axial wall portion on the right side of the motor case 70. The 1 st axial wall portion 73 is located on the right side of the stator 60. The 1 st axial wall portion 73 covers the stator 60 from the right side. The 1 st axial wall portion 73 has an annular shape centered on the central axis J. The 1 st axial wall portion 73 has a plate shape with a plate surface facing the axial direction. The radially inner edge portion of the 1 st axial wall portion 73 is a projecting portion 73b projecting rightward. A hub bearing 93 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the projection 73 b.
The 1 st circumferential wall 74 is cylindrical projecting leftward from the radially outer peripheral edge of the 1 st axial wall 73. In the present embodiment, the 1 st circumferential wall portion 74 has a cylindrical shape that is open to the left about the central axis J. The core back portion 61a is fixed to the left end of the 1 st peripheral wall portion 74 with screws. The 1 st bearing holding portion 75 is provided at the radially inner edge portion of the 1 st axial wall portion 73. The 1 st bearing holding portion 75 is cylindrical and protrudes leftward. The 1 st bearing holding portion 75 holds the bearing 91 radially inward.
The 2 nd motor bracket 72 has a bottomed cylindrical shape opened to the right side. The 2 nd motor bracket 72 has a 2 nd axial wall portion 76, a 2 nd peripheral wall portion 77, and a 2 nd bearing holding portion 78. The 2 nd axial wall portion 76 is the axial wall portion on the left side of the motor case 70. The 2 nd axial wall portion 76 is located on the left side of the stator 60. The 2 nd axial wall portion 76 covers the stator 60 from the left side. The 2 nd axial wall portion 76 has an annular shape centered on the center axis J. The 2 nd axial wall portion 76 has a plate shape with a plate surface facing the axial direction.
The 2 nd circumferential wall portion 77 is in a cylindrical shape protruding rightward from the radially outer peripheral edge portion of the 2 nd axial wall portion 76. In the present embodiment, the 2 nd circumferential wall portion 77 has a cylindrical shape that is open to the right about the center axis J. The right end of the 2 nd peripheral wall 77 is axially opposed to the left end of the 1 st peripheral wall 74 with a gap therebetween. A part of the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 61 is exposed from the gap in the axial direction between the 1 st peripheral wall portion 74 and the 2 nd peripheral wall portion 77. In the present embodiment, the peripheral wall portion of the motor case 70 is constituted by the 1 st peripheral wall portion 74 and the 2 nd peripheral wall portion 77. The 2 nd bearing holding portion 78 is provided at the radially inner edge portion of the 2 nd axial wall portion 76. The 2 nd bearing holding portion 78 has a cylindrical shape protruding rightward. The 2 nd bearing holding portion 78 holds the bearing 92 radially inward.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the motor case 70 includes a plurality of vent holes 70a connecting the inside of the motor case 70 and the inside of the hub 30. In the present embodiment, the plurality of vent portions 70a include: an axial hole 70b axially penetrating the axial wall of the motor case 70; and a radial hole 70c that penetrates the peripheral wall of the motor case 70 in the radial direction. In the present embodiment, the axial hole portion 70b includes the 1 st axial hole portion 73a and the 2 nd axial hole portion 76 a. In the present embodiment, the radial hole 70c includes the 1 st radial hole 74a and the 2 nd radial hole 77 a.
As shown in fig. 4, the 1 st axial hole portion 73a is provided in the 1 st axial wall portion 73 of the axial wall portions of the motor case 70. The 1 st axial hole 73a is, for example, substantially rectangular. In the present embodiment, a plurality of 1 st axial hole portions 73a are provided in the circumferential direction. The 1 st axial holes 73a are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the circumference. For example, 12 1 st axial hole portions 73a are provided. As shown in fig. 6, the 1 st axial hole portion 73a is located radially outward of the hub bearing 93. For example, the 1 st axial hole portion 73a is disposed at a position overlapping with the teeth 61b adjacent in the circumferential direction when viewed in the axial direction.
The 2 nd axial hole portion 76a is provided in the 2 nd axial wall portion 76 among the axial wall portions of the motor case 70. As shown in fig. 5, the 2 nd axial hole portion 76a is, for example, substantially rectangular. In the present embodiment, a plurality of 2 nd axial hole portions 76a are provided in the circumferential direction. The plurality of 2 nd axial holes 76a are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the circumference. For example, 12 2 nd axial hole portions 76a are provided. The circumferential positions of the plurality of 2 nd axial hole portions 76a are, for example, the same as the circumferential positions of the plurality of 1 st axial hole portions 73a, respectively. The opening area of each 2 nd axial hole portion 76a is smaller than the opening area of each 1 st axial hole portion 73 a.
The 2 nd axial hole portion 76a is provided in a portion near the radially inner side of the 2 nd axial wall portion 76. The portion of the 2 nd axial wall portion 76 near the radially inner side is a portion radially inward of the radial center between the radially inner end of the 2 nd axial wall portion 76 and the radially outer end of the 2 nd axial wall portion 76.
As shown in fig. 6, the 2 nd axial hole portion 76a is located radially inward of the stator 60. The 2 nd axial hole portion 76a is located radially inward of the radially outer end of the rotor core 52. In the present embodiment, the radially outer end of the rotor core 52 is the radially outer end of the outer core portion 52 b. The 2 nd axial hole portion 76a overlaps the outer core portion 52b as viewed in the axial direction. The 2 nd axial hole portion 76a is located radially outward of the bearing 92. The 2 nd axial hole portion 76a is provided in a peripheral edge portion of the 2 nd axial wall portion 76 on the radially outer side of the 2 nd bearing holding portion 78.
The 1 st radial hole portion 74a radially penetrates the 1 st peripheral wall portion 74 of the peripheral wall portions of the motor case 70. As shown in fig. 4, the 1 st radial hole 74a is, for example, a rectangular shape that is long in the axial direction when viewed from the radially outer side. In the present embodiment, the 1 st radial hole 74a axially penetrates the radial outer peripheral edge of the 1 st axial wall 73. The right end of the 1 st radial hole 74a opens to the right surface of the 1 st axial wall 73. In the present embodiment, a plurality of 1 st radial hole portions 74a are provided along the circumferential direction. The 1 st radial holes 74a are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the circumference. For example, 12 1 st radial hole portions 74a are provided. The 1 st radial hole portions 74a are located radially outward of the 1 st axial hole portions 73a, respectively.
The 2 nd radial hole portion 77a radially penetrates the 2 nd peripheral wall portion 77. As shown in fig. 5, the 2 nd radial hole 77a is, for example, rectangular when viewed from the radially outer side. In the present embodiment, the 2 nd radial hole 77a axially penetrates the radial outer peripheral edge of the 2 nd axial wall 76. The left end of the 2 nd radial hole 77a opens to the left surface of the 2 nd axial wall 76. In the present embodiment, a plurality of 2 nd radial hole portions 77a are provided along the circumferential direction. The 2 nd radial hole portions 77a are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference in the circumferential direction. For example, 12 2 nd radial hole portions 77a are provided. The circumferential positions of the plurality of 2 nd radial hole portions 77a are, for example, the same as the circumferential positions of the plurality of 1 st radial hole portions 74a, respectively. The 2 nd radial hole portions 77a are located radially outward of the 2 nd axial hole portions 76a, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, the reduction mechanism 20 includes a sun gear 24, a fixed portion 21, a plurality of planetary gears 22, a plurality of support shafts 23, and an output gear 25. The sun gear 24 is connected to the left end of the motor shaft 51. The sun gear 24 is an external gear coaxial with the motor shaft 51.
The fixing portion 21 is fixed to the left surface of the motor case 70. The fixing portion 21 fixes the plurality of support shafts 23 to the motor 10. The fixing portion 21 has a top wall portion 21a and a plurality of leg portions 21 b. The top wall portion 21a covers the motor 10 from the left side. The right end of the hub shaft 42 is fixed to the top wall portion 21 a. The left end of the support shafts 23 is fixed to the top wall portion 21 a. The leg portion 21b extends rightward from the radially outer peripheral edge portion of the top wall portion 21 a. The right end of the leg 21b is fixed to the 2 nd axial wall 76 of the 2 nd motor bracket 72 with a screw. Although not shown, for example, 3 leg portions 21b are provided along the circumferential direction.
The plurality of planet gears 22 are located radially outward of the sun gear 24. The planetary gear 22 is a two-stage gear having 1 set of coaxial external gears different in outer diameter. The planetary gear 22 has a small gear 22a on the left side and a large gear 22b on the right side. The outside diameter of the large gear 22b is larger than that of the small gear 22 a. The large gear 22b meshes with the sun gear 24. The planetary gear 22 has a through hole 22c, and the through hole 22c axially penetrates the centers of the pinion gear 22a and the bull gear 22 b.
The plurality of support shafts 23 rotatably support the plurality of planetary gears 22, respectively. The support shaft 23 extends in the axial direction. The support shaft 23 passes through the through hole 22c of the planetary gear 22. The left end of the support shaft 23 is fixed to the top wall 21 a. The right end of the support shaft 23 is fixed to the 2 nd axial wall portion 76.
The output gear 25 is annular and surrounds the plurality of planetary gears 22 from the radially outer side. The output gear 25 is an internal gear that meshes with the pinion gears 22a of the planetary gears 22. The output gear 25 is fixed to the right surface of the cover 32. That is, the reduction mechanism 20 is connected to the motor 10 at the sun gear 24 and is connected to the hub 30 at the output gear 25.
The drive device 1 includes at least one fan 80 provided in the rotor 50 inside the motor case 70. In the present embodiment, the fan 80 includes centrifugal fans 81 and 82 capable of blowing air in the radial direction. The centrifugal fans 81 and 82 can blow air in the radial direction by rotating around the central axis J together with the rotor 50. The centrifugal fans 81 and 82 are annular and surround the central axis J. In the present embodiment, the centrifugal fans 81 and 82 are annular with the center axis J as the center. The inner diameter of the centrifugal fan 82 is larger than that of the centrifugal fan 81. The centrifugal fan 82 has an outer diameter larger than that of the centrifugal fan 81. The centrifugal fans 81 and 82 are, for example, sirocco fans.
The centrifugal fan 81 is fixed to the motor shaft 51. More specifically, centrifugal fan 81 is fixed to a portion of motor shaft 51 on the right side of the portion to which rotor core 52 is fixed. The centrifugal fan 81 is located on the right side of the inner core portion 52 a. The left surface of the centrifugal fan 81 is in contact with the right surface of the inner core portion 52 a. In the present embodiment, the centrifugal fan 81 sends air taken in from the right side to the radial outside.
As shown in fig. 6, the air AR1 discharged radially outward from the centrifugal fan 81 advances radially outward at the portion on the right side of the rotor core 52 and the stator core 61 in the interior of the motor case 70, and is discharged from the 1 st radial hole portion 74a to the outside of the motor case 70. The air AR1 discharged to the outside of the motor case 70 flows to the 1 st axial hole portion 73a through the gap between the motor case 70 and the hub 30. More specifically, the air AR1 discharged to the outside of the motor case 70 flows rightward along the inner circumferential surface of the tube portion 34, then flows radially inward in the axial gap between the 1 st axial wall portion 73 and the bottom wall portion 33, and reaches the 1 st axial hole portion 73 a. Air AR1 flows into motor case 70 again from 1 st axial hole 73a and is sucked into centrifugal fan 81.
Centrifugal fan 82 is fixed to mold resin portion 53. More specifically, the centrifugal fan 82 is fixed to the left surface of the base portion 53 a. The centrifugal fan 82 is located on the left side of the outer core portion 52 b. The centrifugal fan 82 is located radially outward of the bearing 92. The centrifugal fan 82 is axially opposed to the 2 nd axial hole 76 a. In the present embodiment, the centrifugal fan 82 conveys air sucked from the left side to the radial outside.
The air AR2 discharged radially outward from the centrifugal fan 82 advances radially outward at the portion on the left side of the rotor core 52 and the stator core 61 in the interior of the motor case 70, and is discharged to the outside of the motor case 70 from the 2 nd radial hole portion 77 a. The air AR2 discharged to the outside of the motor case 70 flows leftward along the inner peripheral surface of the tube portion 34, and then radially inward between the motor 10 and the reduction mechanism 20 in the axial direction. Then, the air AR2 flows into the motor case 70 again from the 2 nd axial hole 76a, and is sucked into the centrifugal fan 82.
According to the present embodiment, the drive device 1 includes at least one fan 80 provided in the rotor 50 inside the motor case 70. Therefore, the fan 80 can be rotated by the rotation of the rotor 50, and the air flow can be generated inside the motor case 70 as in the air AR1 and AR2 described above. Accordingly, the heat generated by stator 60, more specifically, the heat generated by coil 63, is easily appropriately transmitted to motor case 70 by the flow of air generated by fan 80. Therefore, the heat of the stator 60 can be easily discharged from the motor case 70 to the outside of the motor 10. Therefore, the heat dissipation of the motor 10 can be improved.
Further, according to the present embodiment, the motor case 70 has a plurality of vent holes 70a connecting the inside of the motor case 70 and the inside of the hub 30. Accordingly, the rotation of the fan 80 can discharge the air inside the motor case 70 to the outside of the motor 10 through the vent hole 70 a. When the air inside the motor case 70 is discharged to the outside of the motor 10, the pressure inside the motor case 70 decreases. Therefore, the air inside the hub 30 is sucked into the motor case 70 through the vent holes 70a different from the vent holes 70a through which the air is discharged. Accordingly, the fan 80 rotates together with the rotor 50, and thus an air flow is formed that circulates between the inside and the outside of the motor case 70 as in the air AR1 and AR2 described above. Accordingly, the heat of the stator 60 can be appropriately transmitted to the hub 30 accommodating the motor 10 by the air flow generated by the rotation of the fan 80. Therefore, heat of the stator 60 can be discharged from the hub 30 to the outside of the drive device 1, and the heat dissipation performance of the motor 10 can be further improved.
Further, according to the present embodiment, the plurality of vent holes 70a includes the axial holes 70b and the radial holes 70 c. Therefore, such a cycle is easily generated: the air is discharged from one of the axial hole 70b and the radial hole 70c to the outside of the motor case 70, and the air is sucked from the other of the axial hole 70b and the radial hole 70c to the inside of the motor case 70. Thus, for example, as in the flow of the air AR1 described above, the annular air flow is easily caused to flow through both the radial gap between the motor case 70 and the hub 30 and the axial gap between the motor case 70 and the hub 30. Therefore, the contact area between the air discharged to the outside of the motor case 70 and the inner surface of the hub 30 is easily increased, and the heat of the stator 60 can be more appropriately transmitted to the hub 30. Therefore, the heat dissipation of the motor 10 can be further improved.
In the present embodiment, the fan 80 includes centrifugal fans 81 and 82. Therefore, as in the case of the air AR1 and AR2 described above, the following cycle can be generated: after being discharged radially outward from the inside of the motor case 70, the air is sucked in from the axial side and returned to the inside of the motor case 70.
Further, when the inside of the hub 30 is sealed as in the present embodiment, the inside of the hub 30 is likely to be filled with heat, and in particular, heat of the stator 60 is unlikely to be discharged to the outside. In contrast, according to the present embodiment, the heat radiation performance of the motor 10 can be improved by the flow of the air generated by the fan 80 as described above. That is, when the inside of the hub 30 is sealed, the above-described effect of improving the heat radiation performance of the motor 10 can be obtained particularly effectively.
Further, as in the present embodiment, when the hub 30 rotates relative to the motor case 70, a gap is provided between the outer surface of the motor case 70 and the inner surface of the hub 30. In this case, heat is less likely to be transmitted from the motor case 70 to the hub 30, and heat of the stator 60 is less likely to be discharged to the outside. In contrast, according to the present embodiment, the heat radiation performance of the motor 10 can be improved by the flow of the air generated by the fan 80 as described above. That is, when a gap is provided between the outer surface of the motor case 70 and the inner surface of the hub 30, the above-described effect of improving the heat radiation performance of the motor 10 can be obtained particularly effectively.
Further, the in-wheel motor like the motor 10 of the present embodiment is often used outdoors, and particularly, the airtightness of the hub 30 is easily required. Therefore, it is more difficult to discharge the heat of the stator 60 to the outside. In contrast, according to the present embodiment, the heat radiation performance of the motor 10 can be improved by the flow of the air generated by the fan 80 as described above. That is, when the motor 10 is an in-wheel motor, the above-described effect of improving the heat radiation performance of the motor 10 can be obtained particularly effectively.
< embodiment 2 >
As shown in fig. 7, in the motor 110 of the drive device 2 of the present embodiment, the 2 nd motor bracket 172 of the motor case 170 does not have the 2 nd radial hole portion 77 a. That is, the 2 nd radial hole 77a is not provided in the 2 nd peripheral wall 177. In the rotor 150 of the present embodiment, the radially inner peripheral edge of the base portion 153a of the molded resin portion 153 is located radially outward of the outer peripheral surface of the inner core portion 52 a. Unlike the base portion 53a of embodiment 1, the base portion 153a opens the left end of the core insertion portion 55.
The fan 180 of the present embodiment includes an axial fan 181 capable of blowing air in the axial direction. Axial fan 181 is fixed to a portion of motor shaft 51 on the right side of the portion to which rotor core 52 is fixed. The axial fan 181 has: an annular cylindrical portion 181a, the cylindrical portion 181a being fitted and fixed to the motor shaft 51; and a plurality of blade portions 181b, the blade portions 181b being provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tube portion 181 a. The vane portion 181b is disposed to face the right side of the core insertion portion 55.
In the present embodiment, axial fan 181 blows air to the left by rotating together with rotor 150. Axial fan 181 blows air from the right side of rotor core 52 to the left side of rotor core 52 through core insertion portion 55. Therefore, the flow of air is easily formed inside the motor case 170 by the axial fan 181.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the air AR3 discharged to the left from the axial fan 181 is discharged to the left of the motor case 170 through the core insertion portion 55 and the 2 nd axial hole portion 76 a. The air AR3 discharged to the left side of the motor case 170 flows radially outward between the motor 110 and the reduction mechanism 20 in the axial direction. Then, the air AR3 advances rightward along the inner peripheral surface of the tube portion 34, and again flows into the motor case 170 from the 1 st radial hole portion 74a and the 1 st axial hole portion 73a, respectively.
Here, as shown in fig. 8, the inside of the core insertion portion 55 is connected to the inside of the hole portion 52d of the connection portion 52 c. Therefore, air AR3 passing through core insertion portion 55 easily enters the inside of hole portion 52d and becomes turbulent. Turbulent flow has a high thermal conductivity compared to laminar flow. This makes it possible to more easily transfer the heat of the stator 60 to the hub 30 by the air AR3 passing through the core insertion portion 55. Therefore, the heat dissipation of the motor 110 can be further improved.
In the present embodiment, the fan 180 includes a suction fan 182 capable of introducing air to the radially inner side. The suction fan 182 is fixed to the mold resin portion 153. More specifically, the suction fan 182 is fixed to the left surface of the base 153 a. The suction fan 182 is located on the left side of the rotor core 52. In the present embodiment, the suction fan 182 is constituted by a plurality of blade portions 182 a. The plurality of blade portions 182a are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference in the circumferential direction. The blade portions 182a extend obliquely to the circumferential direction with respect to the radial direction. In the present embodiment, the blade portion 182a is integrally molded with the mold resin portion 153, for example.
As shown in fig. 7, when the suction fan 182 rotates in the same direction as the direction in which the axial fan 181 rotates to send air to the left, air is drawn radially inward. Since the suction fan 182 is located on the left side of the rotor core 52, air of a portion located on the left side of the stator 60 in the interior of the motor case 170 is introduced to the radially inner side. The air AR4 introduced to the radially inner side by the suction fan 182 is discharged from the 2 nd axial hole portion 76a to the outside of the motor case 170 together with the air AR3 blown by the axial flow fan 181.
Here, the air AR3 discharged to the left from the axial fan 181 tends to spread outward in the radial direction as it advances to the left. Therefore, as in the present embodiment, when the 2 nd axial hole portion 76a is provided in a portion of the 2 nd axial wall portion 76 in the vicinity of the radially inner side, there is a possibility that the air AR3 flowing leftward from the rotor core 52 through the core insertion portion 55 may be diffused radially outward from the 2 nd axial hole portion 76 a. In this case, the air AR3 is less likely to be discharged from the 2 nd axial hole portion 76a, and the heat radiation performance of the motor 110 may be reduced.
In contrast, according to the present embodiment, the suction fan 182 capable of drawing air radially inward is provided. Therefore, the air AR3 flowing to the left side of the rotor core 52 through the core penetration portion 55 is easily guided radially inward by the air AR4 drawn in by the suction fan 182. Accordingly, the air AR3 is easily discharged from the 2 nd axial hole portion 76a to the outside of the motor case 170 together with the air AR4 introduced by the suction fan 182. Therefore, a decrease in heat dissipation of the motor 110 can be suppressed.
Here, as in the present embodiment, when the speed reduction mechanism 20 is fixed to the left surface of the motor case 170, the area in which the 2 nd axial hole portion 76a can be provided in the 2 nd axial wall portion 76 is limited. Therefore, the 2 nd axial hole portion 76a is easily provided in a portion near the radially inner side of the 2 nd axial wall portion 76. Therefore, when the speed reduction mechanism 20 is fixed to the left surface of the motor case 170, the above-described effect by the provision of the suction fan 182 can be obtained particularly effectively.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the following configuration may be adopted. The 1 st housing, that is, the motor housing in the above-described embodiment, is not particularly limited as long as it can accommodate the rotor and the stator therein. Only the axial hole portion of the vent portion may be provided in the 1 st housing, or only the radial hole portion may be provided. The 1 st cabinet may not be provided with the vent part.
The fan is not particularly limited as long as at least one fan is provided on the rotor inside the 1 st casing. The fan may include a fan other than the above-described embodiments. The number of the fans may be 1 or 3 or more. The fan may also be indirectly disposed to the rotor. For example, in the case where the speed reduction mechanism is disposed inside the 1 st housing, the fan may be provided to the rotor via the speed reduction mechanism. Further, as in the above-described embodiment, since the fan is provided on the rotor before the speed reduction, the rotation speed of the fan can be increased, and therefore, the heat radiation performance of the motor can be more appropriately improved.
The 2 nd housing, that is, the hub in the above-described embodiment is not particularly limited as long as the motor is housed inside. The 2 nd housing may also not rotate. The inside of the 2 nd enclosure may not be sealed.
The motor of the above embodiment is an in-wheel motor that rotates a wheel of a vehicle, but is not limited thereto. The use of the motor is not particularly limited. In addition, the respective configurations described in the present specification can be appropriately combined within a range not contradictory to each other.

Claims (10)

1. A drive device, comprising:
a motor including a rotor rotatable about a central axis, a stator facing the rotor with a gap therebetween, and a 1 st housing accommodating the rotor and the stator therein;
a 2 nd housing accommodating the motor therein; and
at least one fan disposed on the rotor inside the 1 st cabinet.
2. The drive apparatus according to claim 1,
the 1 st housing has a plurality of vent parts connecting an inside of the 1 st housing and an inside of the 2 nd housing.
3. The drive device according to claim 2,
the plurality of vent portions include:
an axial hole portion axially penetrating through an axial wall portion of the 1 st housing; and
a radial hole portion radially penetrating the circumferential wall portion of the 1 st housing.
4. The drive apparatus according to claim 3,
the fan includes a centrifugal fan capable of blowing air in a radial direction.
5. The drive device according to claim 3 or 4,
the fan includes an axial flow fan capable of blowing air in an axial direction.
6. The drive apparatus according to claim 5,
the rotor has a rotor core with a plurality of rotor teeth,
the rotor core has a core penetration portion penetrating the rotor core in an axial direction,
the axial hole portion includes:
a 1 st axial hole portion, the 1 st axial hole portion being provided in an axial wall portion on one axial side of the 1 st housing; and
a 2 nd axial hole portion, the 2 nd axial hole portion being provided in an axial wall portion on the other axial side of the 1 st housing,
the axial flow fan blows air from a position on one axial side of the rotor core to a position on the other axial side of the rotor core through the core penetration portion.
7. The drive apparatus according to claim 6,
the 2 nd axial hole portion is provided in a portion closer to a radially inner side of the axial wall portion on the other axial side of the 1 st housing,
the fan includes a suction fan capable of sucking air radially inward,
the suction fan is located on the other axial side of the rotor core.
8. The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
the inside of the 2 nd enclosure is sealed.
9. The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
the 1 st housing holds the stator,
the 2 nd housing is rotatable about the center axis,
a gap is arranged between the outer side surface of the 1 st machine shell and the inner side surface of the 2 nd machine shell.
10. The drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
the motor is an in-wheel motor that rotates a wheel of a vehicle.
CN202010102075.6A 2019-03-28 2020-02-19 Driving device Active CN111756175B (en)

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