CN111755830A - Horn antenna for realizing multiple polarization - Google Patents
Horn antenna for realizing multiple polarization Download PDFInfo
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- CN111755830A CN111755830A CN202010633230.7A CN202010633230A CN111755830A CN 111755830 A CN111755830 A CN 111755830A CN 202010633230 A CN202010633230 A CN 202010633230A CN 111755830 A CN111755830 A CN 111755830A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
- H01Q15/244—Polarisation converters converting a linear polarised wave into a circular polarised wave
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Abstract
The invention provides a horn antenna for realizing multiple polarizations, which comprises: the horn antenna comprises a horn antenna body, a variable polarizer, a waveguide transition and a rotating mechanism for adjusting a relative angle between the variable polarizer and the waveguide transition, wherein the horn antenna body, the variable polarizer, the rotating mechanism and the waveguide transition are sequentially connected. The invention has the beneficial effects that: through the combined structure of the horn antenna body, the variable polarizer, the waveguide transition and the rotating mechanism for adjusting the relative angle between the variable polarizer and the waveguide transition, the relative angle between the waveguide transition and the variable polarizer is changed through the rotating mechanism, the polarization characteristic of electromagnetic waves inside the conical horn is changed, the working mode switching of linear polarization, left circular polarization, right circular polarization and elliptical polarization can be realized, and the polarization switching efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a horn antenna, in particular to a horn antenna for realizing various polarizations.
Background
The horn antenna is mainly used for testing antenna products, such as a far field test system and a near field test system of the antenna, and is used for calibrating the performance of the antenna product to be tested, including antenna gain, antenna directional pattern characteristics, antenna polarization characteristics and the like.
The horn antenna used for calibration in the test of the antenna product is matched with the polarization of the antenna to be tested, for a certain fixed frequency band, the antenna to be tested can have various polarization forms, at least three sets of horn antennas with different polarizations of linear polarization, left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization are prepared in a common method, and in addition, the different polarizations of the horn antenna are realized by changing the installation mode and the erection mode of the horn antenna. Both methods require re-erection of the antenna, and the operation process is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a horn antenna for realizing multiple polarizations aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a feedhorn that implements multiple polarizations, comprising: the horn antenna comprises a horn antenna body, a variable polarizer, a waveguide transition and a rotating mechanism for adjusting a relative angle between the variable polarizer and the waveguide transition, wherein the horn antenna body, the variable polarizer, the rotating mechanism and the waveguide transition are sequentially connected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through the combined structure of the horn antenna body, the variable polarizer, the waveguide transition and the rotating mechanism for adjusting the relative angle between the variable polarizer and the waveguide transition, the relative angle between the waveguide transition and the variable polarizer is changed through the rotating mechanism, the polarization characteristic of electromagnetic waves inside the conical horn is changed, the working mode switching of linear polarization, left circular polarization, right circular polarization and elliptical polarization can be realized, and the polarization switching efficiency is improved.
Further, the rotation mechanism includes: the waveguide polarization converter comprises a first rotating component and a second rotating component, wherein one end of the first rotating component is connected with the variable polarizer, the other end of the first rotating component is rotatably connected with one end of the second rotating component, and the other end of the second rotating component is in transition connection with the waveguide.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: through designing first rotary part and second rotary part, through rotatory first rotary part and second rotary part, change the relative angle between waveguide transition and the variable polarization ware, change the polarization characteristic of the inside electromagnetic wave of circular cone loudspeaker, can realize the working mode switching of linear polarization, left circular polarization, dextrorotation circular polarization and elliptical polarization, improve polarization switching efficiency.
Further, the rotation mechanism further includes: the horn antenna comprises a mark indicating line and a locking component, wherein the mark indicating line is used for identifying the polarization state of the horn antenna, the locking component is used for locking the rotating mechanism, the mark indicating line is arranged on a first rotating component and/or a second rotating component, and the locking component is arranged between the first rotating component and the second rotating component.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: and the setting of the marking indicating line is used for marking the polarization state of the horn antenna, so that a user can visually observe the working mode of the current horn antenna. The locking component is used for locking the rotating mechanism, positioning the currently selected working mode, preventing the rotating mechanism from rotating randomly and improving the stability and reliability of the horn antenna.
Further, the rotation mechanism further includes: and the other end of the first rotating component is rotatably connected with one end of the second rotating component through the first bearing.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the setting of first bearing, the first rotary part and the second rotary part relative rotation of being convenient for prevent wearing and tearing each other between the rotary part, improve feedhorn's stability and reliability, extension feedhorn's life, reduction in production cost.
Further, still include: the rotary joint is used for adjusting the polarization direction of the linearly polarized wave, one end of the waveguide transition is connected with the rotary mechanism, and the rotary joint is connected with the other end of the waveguide transition.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the rotary joint is arranged and used for adjusting the polarization direction of the linearly polarized wave and realizing the linearly polarized wave in various polarization directions, and the various polarized waves are realized through the matched rotation of the rotary joint and the rotary mechanism. Linearly polarized waves of any polarization direction can be formed, and therefore various polarizations of the horn antenna are achieved.
Further, the rotary joint includes: the waveguide fiber laser comprises a rotor body and a stator body, wherein one end of the rotor body is in transition connection with the waveguide, and the other end of the rotor body is rotatably connected with the stator body.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the rotor body and the stator body are arranged and used for adjusting the polarization direction of the linearly polarized wave and realizing the linearly polarized wave in various polarization directions, and the various polarized waves are realized through the matched rotation of the rotating mechanism and the rotating joint. Linearly polarized waves of any polarization direction can be formed, and therefore various polarizations of the horn antenna are achieved.
Further, the rotary joint further includes: the other end of the rotor body is connected with the stator body through the second bearing, the bearing retainer ring is sleeved on the rotor body, and the bearing retainer ring is abutted to the second bearing.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the setting of second bearing and retaining ring, the rotor block of being convenient for and stator block relative rotation prevent wearing and tearing each other between rotor block and the stator block, improve feedhorn's stability and reliability, prolong feedhorn's life, reduction in production cost.
Furthermore, the rotary joint and the waveguide transition are connected through a flange plate.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the rotary joint is connected with the waveguide transition through the flange plate, so that the installation and maintenance of the rotary joint and the waveguide transition are facilitated, and the stability and reliability of the horn antenna are improved.
Further, the variable polarizer is a circular waveguide variable polarizer, and the waveguide transition is a transition from a rectangular waveguide to a circular waveguide.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the variable polarizer is a circular waveguide variable polarizer, waveguide transition is a transition from rectangular waveguide to circular waveguide, and linear polarized waves in any polarization direction can be conveniently realized, so that various polarizations of the horn antenna can be realized.
Furthermore, the horn antenna body is connected with the variable polarizer, the variable polarizer is connected with the rotating mechanism, and the rotating mechanism is connected with the waveguide transition through flanges.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the horn antenna body is connected with the variable polarizer, the variable polarizer is connected with the rotating mechanism, and the rotating mechanism is connected with the waveguide through flanges. The horn antenna is convenient to install and maintain in transition of the horn antenna body, the variable polarizer, the rotating mechanism and the waveguide, and stability and reliability of the horn antenna are improved.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a feedhorn implementing multiple polarizations according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure of a variable polarizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a left side view of a polarization converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a left side view of the rotating mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a waveguide transition structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a left side view of a waveguide transition provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a right side view of a waveguide transition provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotary joint structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a left side view of a rotary joint provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of field transition of a first linearly polarized waveguide to a polarizer.
Fig. 12 is a field transition diagram of a second linearly polarized waveguide to a polarizer.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of field transition of a left-hand circular polarization state waveguide to a variable polarizer.
FIG. 14 is a field transition diagram of right hand circular polarization state waveguide transition to variable polarizer.
Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of field transition of a left-handed elliptical polarization state waveguide to a variable polarizer.
Fig. 16 is a field transition diagram of a right-handed elliptically polarized waveguide transitioning to a variable polarizer.
The reference numbers illustrate: 1-a horn antenna body; 2-a variable polarizer; 3-waveguide transition; 4-a rotating mechanism; 5-a first rotating member; 6-a second rotating member; 7-a first bearing; 8-a revolute joint; 9-a rotor body; 10-a stator body; 11-a second bearing; 12-bearing retainer ring.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a horn antenna capable of implementing multiple polarizations, which includes: the horn antenna comprises a horn antenna body 1, a variable polarizer 2, a waveguide transition 3 and a rotating mechanism 4 for adjusting the relative angle between the variable polarizer 2 and the waveguide transition 3, wherein the horn antenna body 1, the variable polarizer 2, the rotating mechanism 4 and the waveguide transition piece waveguide transition 3 are sequentially connected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through the combined structure of the horn antenna body, the variable polarizer, the waveguide transition and the rotating mechanism for adjusting the relative angle between the variable polarizer and the waveguide transition, the relative angle between the waveguide transition and the variable polarizer is changed through the rotating mechanism, the polarization characteristic of electromagnetic waves inside the conical horn is changed, the working mode switching of linear polarization, left circular polarization, right circular polarization and elliptical polarization can be realized, and the polarization switching efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a horn antenna capable of realizing multiple polarizations of the present invention, and includes a horn antenna (i.e., a horn antenna body) 1, a variable polarizer 2, a rotation mechanism 4, a waveguide transition 3, and a rotation joint 8, which are connected in sequence. The variable polarizer 2 is a circular waveguide variable polarizer, and is specifically shown in fig. 2; as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the rotating mechanism 4 is provided with a first rotating component 5, a second rotating component 6, and a bearing (i.e., a first bearing 7), and as shown in fig. 6 to 8, the waveguide transition 3 is a rectangular waveguide to circular waveguide transition; as shown in fig. 8 to 10, the inside of the small middle square in fig. 10 corresponds to the protrusion in the middle of the hollow cavity in fig. 9, the left protrusion and the right protrusion are rotatably connected together, the left protrusion and the right protrusion are both in an L-shaped structure, and in the rotation process of the rotary joint, the left protrusion and the right protrusion rotate relatively to realize linear polarization waves in any polarization direction. As shown in fig. 9, the rotary joint 8 is provided with a rotary joint rotor (i.e., the rotor body 9), a rotary joint stator (i.e., the stator body 10), a bearing (i.e., the second bearing 11), and a retainer ring 12. As shown in fig. 4, the horn antenna, the variable polarizer 2 and the first rotating component 5 arranged on the rotating mechanism 4 rotate together to realize linear polarization, left circular polarization, right circular polarization and elliptical polarization; as shown in fig. 9, in the linear polarization state, the horn antenna, the variable polarizer 2, the rotation mechanism 4, the waveguide transition 3, and the rotor body 9 of the rotary joint 8 are simultaneously rotated, so that a linearly polarized wave in any polarization direction can be realized, and a plurality of polarized waves can be realized by rotating the rotation mechanism 4 and the rotary joint 8 in a matching manner.
Compared with the prior art that different antennas are respectively and independently prepared, the horn antenna for realizing various polarizations is convenient to use, simple to mount and low in cost only through the rotary rotating mechanism and the rotary joint; compared with the horn antenna which realizes different polarizations by adjusting the installation mode, the horn antenna is simpler and more convenient to operate.
The working modes comprise any direction linear polarized wave, left-handed circularly polarized wave, right-handed circularly polarized wave and elliptical polarized wave. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the horn antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is connected to the variable polarizer 2 through a flange, and the variable polarizer 2 is connected to the first rotating part 5 of the rotating mechanism 4 through a flange. The second rotary part 6 of the rotary mechanism 4 is connected to the waveguide transition 3 by a flange, and as shown in fig. 6 to 10, the waveguide transition 3 is connected to the rotor body 9 of the rotary joint 8 by a flange.
The mechanism in the middle of fig. 3 corresponds to the raised structure in the middle of fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, to further illustrate the working principle of the embodiment, the polarization characteristics of the antenna when the waveguide transition 3 and the variable polarizer 2 are at different angles are given here.
According to electromagnetic field theory, any electromagnetic wave can be decomposed into two orthogonal electromagnetic waves, and for the two orthogonal electromagnetic waves, the following definitions are provided:
when two linearly polarized waves with the same frequency, the same direction propagation and the perpendicular polarization direction are the same in phase or different by 180 degrees, the composite wave is the linearly polarized wave.
When the phase difference of two linear polarized waves with the same frequency and the same direction is 90 degrees, the synthesized wave is a circular polarized wave, and when the phase difference of the amplitudes of the two linear polarized waves is 90 degrees, the synthesized wave is an elliptical polarized wave. When viewed from the wave propagation direction, if the change of the wave direction along with time shows a left-hand spiral rule, the wave is a left-hand polarized wave; if the right-handed helical rule is presented, the right-handed polarized wave is obtained.
As shown in fig. 11, the electric field direction in the waveguide transition 3 in fig. 11 is the direction E, and the electric field direction in the variable polarizer 2 is the same as the electric field direction in the rectangular waveguide, and the electric field direction is the direction E', and is a linearly polarized wave in the first state, so that the linearly polarized wave appears when the variable polarizer 2 and the waveguide transition 3 are at this angle.
As shown in fig. 12, fig. 12 is similar to the case of fig. 11, where the electric field direction in the waveguide transition 3 is the direction E, the electric field direction in the variable polarizer 2 is the same as the electric field direction in the rectangular waveguide, and the electric field direction is the direction E', and is a linearly polarized wave in the second state, so that the linearly polarized wave appears when the variable polarizer 2 and the waveguide transition 3 are at this angle.
As shown in fig. 13, the waveguide transition 3 in fig. 13 has an electric field direction E, and at this time, the variable polarizer 2 rotates 45 degrees counterclockwise, and the electric field E can be decomposed into a pair of orthogonal electric field components Ea 'and Eb' with equal amplitude by the variable polarizer 2, and after passing through the variable polarizer, Ea 'lags behind Eb' by 90 degrees, and at this time, the change of the wave direction with time shows a left-hand helical rule, and a left-hand circularly polarized wave is formed.
As shown in fig. 14, fig. 14 is similar to the case of fig. 13, where the electric field direction in the middle waveguide transition is the direction E, and the variable polarizer rotates clockwise by 45 degrees, and the electric field E can be decomposed into a pair of orthogonal electric field components Ea 'and Eb' with equal amplitude by the variable polarizer, and after passing through the variable polarizer, Ea 'exceeds Eb' by 90 degrees, and at this time, the change of the direction of the wave with time shows the right-hand helical rule, and a right-hand circularly polarized wave is formed.
As shown in fig. 15, fig. 15 is similar to the case of fig. 13, the electric field direction in the waveguide transition is the direction E, at this time, the polarizer is rotated counterclockwise by any angle between 0 and 90 degrees except 45 degrees, the electric field E can be decomposed into a pair of orthogonal electric field components Ea 'and Eb' with unequal amplitudes by the polarizer 2, Ea 'lags behind Eb' in angle after passing through the polarizer 2, at this time, the change of the wave direction with time shows the left-hand helical rule, and a left-hand elliptically polarized wave is formed.
As shown in fig. 16, fig. 16 is similar to the case of fig. 15, the electric field direction in the waveguide transition 3 is the direction E, and at this time, the polarization converter 2 rotates clockwise by any angle between 0 and 90 degrees except 45 degrees, the electric field E can be decomposed into a pair of orthogonal electric field components Ea 'and Eb' with unequal amplitudes by the polarization converter 2, and after passing through the polarization converter 2, Ea 'is ahead of Eb' in angle, and at this time, the direction of the wave shows right-hand helical rule with time change, and a right-hand elliptically polarized wave is formed.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, polarized waves of different polarizations are formed by rotating the rotating mechanism 4 to make the variable polarizer 2 and the waveguide transition 3 at different angles.
It should be noted that the present embodiment merely illustrates a model, and the present invention contemplates only the manner of changing the polarization of the antenna by rotating the variable polarizer 2 according to the above method.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the horn antenna, the variable polarizer 2 and the first rotating member 5 provided on the rotating mechanism 4 rotate together to realize linear polarization, left circular polarization, right circular polarization and elliptical polarization.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, the antenna is in the above-mentioned linear polarization state, and by rotating the horn antenna, the variable polarizer 2, the rotation mechanism 4, the waveguide transition 3 and the rotor body 9 of the rotary joint 8, a linearly polarized wave in any polarization direction can be realized.
After the rotating mechanism 4 and the rotary joint 8 rotate, they can be locked and fixed by a locking device (i.e. a locking component), and a mark indication (i.e. a mark indication line) can be set between the first rotating component 5 and the second rotating component 6 of the rotating mechanism 4 for indicating the polarization state of the horn.
The locking device is similar to a locking steel ball and a spring in a camera, the locking steel ball is arranged between a first rotating part and a second rotating part, a first groove used for installing the locking steel ball is formed in the first rotating part, the spring is arranged in the first groove, the spring is fixedly arranged in the first groove, the locking steel ball is connected with the spring, the locking steel ball is slidably arranged in the first groove, a plurality of second grooves are formed in the second rotating part, the locking steel ball is slidably arranged in the second grooves, and in the adjusting process, the locking steel ball compresses the spring and jumps to the next second groove from the current second groove.
Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the rotating mechanism 4 includes: a first rotating member 5 and a second rotating member 6, wherein one end of the first rotating member 5 is connected to the variable polarizer 2, the other end of the first rotating member 5 is rotatably connected to one end of the second rotating member 6, and the other end of the second rotating member 6 is connected to the waveguide transition 3.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: through designing first rotary part and second rotary part, through rotatory first rotary part and second rotary part, change the relative angle between waveguide transition and the variable polarization ware, change the polarization characteristic of the inside electromagnetic wave of circular cone loudspeaker, can realize the working mode switching of linear polarization, left circular polarization, dextrorotation circular polarization and elliptical polarization, improve polarization switching efficiency.
The rectangular through holes are formed in the middle of the first rotating part and the middle of the second rotating part, and through rotation, the relative positions of the through holes of the first rotating part and the through holes of the second rotating part are changed, so that the working mode switching of linear polarization, left circular polarization, right circular polarization and elliptical polarization is realized.
The first rotating part of the rotating mechanism drives the variable polarizer to rotate, so that the variable polarizer and the waveguide are transited to form different included angles, and linear polarization, left circular polarization, right circular polarization and elliptical polarization can be realized. Linearly polarized waves in any polarization direction can be formed by jointly rotating the horn antenna, the variable polarizer, the rotating mechanism, the waveguide transition and the rotor of the rotary joint, so that various polarizations of the horn antenna are realized. Compared with the prior art that different antennas are independently prepared, the horn antenna is convenient to use, simple to install and low in cost; compared with the horn antenna which realizes different polarizations by adjusting the installation mode, the horn antenna is simpler and more convenient to operate.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the rotating mechanism 4 further includes: the horn antenna polarization state detection device comprises a mark indicating line used for identifying the polarization state of a horn antenna and a locking component used for locking a rotating mechanism, wherein the mark indicating line is arranged on a first rotating component 5 and/or a second rotating component 6, and the locking component is arranged between the first rotating component 5 and the second rotating component 6.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: and the setting of the marking indicating line is used for marking the polarization state of the horn antenna, so that a user can visually observe the working mode of the current horn antenna. The locking component is used for locking the rotating mechanism, positioning the currently selected working mode, preventing the rotating mechanism from rotating randomly and improving the stability and reliability of the horn antenna.
The locking device is similar to a locking steel ball and a spring in a camera, the locking steel ball is arranged between a first rotating part and a second rotating part, a first groove used for installing the locking steel ball is formed in the first rotating part, the spring is arranged in the first groove, the spring is fixedly arranged in the first groove, the locking steel ball is connected with the spring, the locking steel ball is slidably arranged in the first groove, a plurality of second grooves are formed in the second rotating part, the locking steel ball is slidably arranged in the second grooves, and in the adjusting process, the locking steel ball compresses the spring and jumps to the next second groove from the current second groove.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the rotating mechanism 4 further includes: and a first bearing 7, wherein the other end of the first rotating member 5 is rotatably connected to one end of the second rotating member 6 via the first bearing 7.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the setting of first bearing, the first rotary part and the second rotary part relative rotation of being convenient for prevent wearing and tearing each other between the rotary part, improve feedhorn's stability and reliability, extension feedhorn's life, reduction in production cost.
Further, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the method further includes: and the rotary joint 8 is used for adjusting the polarization direction of the linearly polarized wave, one end of the waveguide transition 3 is connected with the rotary mechanism 4, and the rotary joint 4 is connected with the other end of the waveguide transition 3.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the rotary joint is arranged and used for adjusting the polarization direction of the linearly polarized wave and realizing the linearly polarized wave in various polarization directions, and the various polarized waves are realized through the matched rotation of the rotary joint and the rotary mechanism. Linearly polarized waves of any polarization direction can be formed, and therefore various polarizations of the horn antenna are achieved.
Further, as shown in fig. 9, the rotary joint 8 includes: a rotor body 9 and a stator body 10, wherein one end of the rotor body 9 is connected to the waveguide transition 3, and the other end of the rotor body 9 is rotatably connected to the stator body 10.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the rotor body and the stator body are arranged and used for adjusting the polarization direction of the linearly polarized wave and realizing the linearly polarized wave in various polarization directions, and the various polarized waves are realized through the matched rotation of the rotating mechanism and the rotating joint. Linearly polarized waves of any polarization direction can be formed, and therefore various polarizations of the horn antenna are achieved.
Further, as shown in fig. 9, the rotary joint 8 further includes: the other end of the rotor body 9 is connected with the stator body 10 through the second bearing 11, the bearing retainer 12 is sleeved on the rotor body 9, and the bearing retainer 12 is abutted to the second bearing 11.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the setting of second bearing and retaining ring, the rotor block of being convenient for and stator block relative rotation prevent wearing and tearing each other between rotor block and the stator block, improve feedhorn's stability and reliability, prolong feedhorn's life, reduction in production cost.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the rotary joint 8 and the waveguide transition 3 are connected by a flange.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the rotary joint is connected with the waveguide transition through the flange plate, so that the installation and maintenance of the rotary joint and the waveguide transition are facilitated, and the stability and reliability of the horn antenna are improved.
Further, the variable polarizer 2 is a circular waveguide variable polarizer, and the waveguide transition 3 is a rectangular waveguide-to-circular waveguide transition.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the variable polarizer is a circular waveguide variable polarizer, the waveguide transition is a transition from rectangular waveguide to circular waveguide, and the combination use is convenient for realizing linearly polarized waves in any polarization direction, thereby realizing multiple polarizations of the horn antenna.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the horn antenna body 1 and the variable polarizer 2, the variable polarizer 2 and the rotating mechanism 4, and the rotating mechanism 4 and the waveguide transition 3 are connected by flanges.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the horn antenna body is connected with the variable polarizer, the variable polarizer is connected with the rotating mechanism, and the rotating mechanism is connected with the waveguide through flanges. The horn antenna is convenient to install and maintain in transition of the horn antenna body, the variable polarizer, the rotating mechanism and the waveguide, and stability and reliability of the horn antenna are improved.
The working modes comprise any linear polarized wave, left-handed circularly polarized wave, right-handed circularly polarized wave and elliptical polarized wave. The horn antenna and the variable polarizer can rotate together with the first rotating part of the rotating mechanism, and linear polarization, left circular polarization, right circular polarization and elliptical polarization can be achieved through common rotation. The horn antenna, the variable polarizer, the rotating mechanism and the waveguide transition energy can rotate together with the rotor of the rotating joint, and linear polarized waves in any polarization direction can be realized through the common rotation.
The invention relates to a horn antenna for realizing various polarizations; the device comprises a horn antenna, a variable polarizer, a rotating mechanism, waveguide transition, a rotating joint and the like. The horn antenna is a conical horn antenna, the variable polarizer is a circular waveguide variable polarizer, the rotating mechanism is a circular waveguide rotating mechanism and comprises a first rotating part and a second rotating part, the first rotating part is connected with the variable polarizer, and the second rotating part is in transition connection with the waveguide; the waveguide transition is a circular waveguide rectangular waveguide transition, the rotary joint is a rectangular waveguide rotary joint, and the rotary joint comprises a stator body and a rotor body. The invention provides a horn antenna for realizing various polarizations, which changes the angle between waveguide transition and a variable polarizer by rotating the horn antenna, the variable polarizer and a first rotating component rotated by a rotating mechanism, changes the polarization characteristic of electromagnetic waves in a conical horn, and can realize linear polarization, left circular polarization, right circular polarization and elliptical polarization; the horn antenna is simple and convenient to use compared with the horn antenna needing to be replaced in the prior art or needing to be installed in a different mode.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A feedhorn for achieving multiple polarizations, comprising: the horn antenna comprises a horn antenna body (1), a variable polarizer (2), a waveguide transition (3) and a rotating mechanism (4) used for adjusting the relative angle between the variable polarizer (2) and the waveguide transition (3), wherein the horn antenna body (1), the variable polarizer (2), the rotating mechanism (4) and the waveguide transition (3) are connected in sequence.
2. A feedhorn implementing multiple polarizations as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation mechanism (4) comprises: the waveguide transition device comprises a first rotating component (6) and a second rotating component (6), wherein one end of the first rotating component (5) is connected with the variable polarizer (2), the other end of the first rotating component (5) is rotatably connected with one end of the second rotating component (6), and the other end of the second rotating component (6) is connected with the waveguide transition (3).
3. A feedhorn implementing multiple polarizations as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotation mechanism (4) further comprises: the horn antenna polarization state detection device comprises a mark indicating line used for identifying the polarization state of a horn antenna and a locking component used for locking a rotating mechanism (4), wherein the mark indicating line is arranged on a first rotating component (5) and/or a second rotating component (6), and the locking component is arranged between the first rotating component (5) and the second rotating component (6).
4. A feedhorn implementing multiple polarizations as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotation mechanism (4) further comprises: and the other end of the first rotating component (5) is rotatably connected with one end of the second rotating component (6) through the first bearing (7).
5. The horn antenna of claim 1, further comprising: the rotary joint (8) is used for adjusting the polarization direction of the linearly polarized wave, one end of the waveguide transition (3) is connected with the rotary mechanism (4), and the rotary joint (8) is connected with the other end of the waveguide transition (3).
6. A feedhorn for implementing multiple polarizations as claimed in claim 5, wherein the rotary joint (8) comprises: the waveguide transition structure comprises a rotor body (9) and a stator body (10), wherein one end of the rotor body (9) is connected with the waveguide transition (3), and the other end of the rotor body (9) is rotatably connected with the stator body (10).
7. A feedhorn implementing multiple polarizations as claimed in claim 6, wherein the rotary joint (8) further comprises: second bearing (11) and retaining ring (12), the other end of rotor body (9) passes through second bearing (11) with stator body (10) are connected, retaining ring (12) cover is established on rotor body (9), retaining ring (12) with second bearing (11) butt.
8. A feedhorn for realizing multiple polarizations as defined in claim 5, wherein the rotary joint (8) and the waveguide transition (3) are connected by a flange.
9. A feedhorn for realizing multiple polarizations as defined in claim 1, wherein the variable polarizer (2) is a circular waveguide variable polarizer and the waveguide transition (3) is a rectangular waveguide to circular waveguide transition.
10. A feedhorn for realizing multiple polarizations as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feedhorn body (1) and the variable polarizer (2), the variable polarizer (2) and the rotation mechanism (4) and the waveguide transition (3) are connected by flanges.
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