CN111750899A - Geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system and method - Google Patents
Geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111750899A CN111750899A CN202010827785.5A CN202010827785A CN111750899A CN 111750899 A CN111750899 A CN 111750899A CN 202010827785 A CN202010827785 A CN 202010827785A CN 111750899 A CN111750899 A CN 111750899A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system which comprises a detection device, wherein the detection device comprises a box body, and a precision servo moving mechanism with an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis is arranged in the box body to form a Cartesian coordinate system. A spherical prism support is arranged on the sliding table of the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table, and two spherical prisms are mounted on the spherical prism support. The method of detecting the accuracy of a geodetic instrument/system comprises: after the connecting line of the two spherical prisms is rotated to be parallel to the X axis or the Y axis of the geodetic coordinate system, the geodetic instrument/system measures the movement amount of a certain spherical prism at a set distance, and then the identification movement amount obtained by the movement amount in the detection system is compared to obtain a detection result. The invention unifies the mechanical equipment motion coordinate system into the geodetic coordinate system by utilizing the high-precision quantifiable indexes of mechanical motion and combining various self-measuring methods of geodetic measurement, thereby providing a real and reliable standard and detection method for the measuring precision of any geodetic measurement means.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of precision instrument measurement, in particular to a geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system and a method.
Background
After the introduction of the [ 3S ] technology (RS, GIS and GPS) in the modern measurement technology, the geodetic measurement means is advanced and changed in the nature of turning over the earth. However, how to determine the accuracy that can be actually achieved in geodetic measurement by the modern measurement technology does not have a means for directly determining in the prior art, and the posterior error (accuracy) of the target to be determined is obtained by using the factory calibration accuracy of the used geodetic instrument as the prior accuracy and then carrying out formula calculation according to the measurement method and steps and the error propagation law or carrying out adjustment calculation by using the least square principle. This is undesirable because the major sources of error considered in the above calculations and the magnitude of the impact on the accuracy of the final target, the different ideas and methods of calculation, can vary significantly and sometimes even considerably.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a precision detection system and method for measuring three coordinates in large areas with high detection precision.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the three-coordinate precision detection system for geodetic survey comprises a detection device, wherein the detection device comprises a box body, a horizontal X-axis linear guide rail sliding table is arranged in the box body, a horizontal Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table is arranged on the sliding table of the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table, the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table and the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table are mutually vertical, a vertical right-angle iron plate is arranged on the sliding table of the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table, a Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table is arranged on the right-angle iron plate, the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table is vertical to the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table and the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table, and the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table, the X-axis;
a horizontal ball prism bracket is arranged on a sliding table of the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table, two ball prisms are installed on the ball prism bracket at intervals, and a connecting line between the centers of the two ball prisms is parallel to the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table; the box sets up on rotary mechanism, and the motor of Y axle linear guide slip table, X axle linear guide slip table and Z axle linear guide slip table all is connected with the controller electricity, and the controller passes through wireless module and remote controller wireless connection.
The accuracy detection method of the geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system comprises the following steps:
s1: erecting a detection device at the selected measuring point position, and adjusting the centering base (2) to level so that the two spherical prisms (3) face the direction of the geodetic instrument to be detected;
s2: setting the moving direction of an X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11), the moving direction of a Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10) and the moving direction of a Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7) as an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of a coordinate system of the detection device respectively;
s3: the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11), the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7) and the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10) are controlled to move to initial positions through a remote controller, and the coincident point of the three initial positions is used as the origin of coordinates of a coordinate system of the detection device;
s4: erecting a total station at a set position of the distance detection device, aligning the total station with the two ball prisms (3) in sequence, and measuring plane coordinates P1 (X) of points P1 and P2 where the two ball prisms (3) are located in a geodetic coordinate systemP1，YP1)，P2(XP2，YP2)；
S5: computing point P1 (X)P1，YP1) And P2 (X)P2，YP2) Azimuth α ═ arctan ((Y) in plane in geodetic coordinate systemP2-YP1)/(XP2-XP1))；
S6: the electric rotating platform (16) is controlled by a remote controller to rotate by an angle alpha, so that the connecting line of the two spherical prisms (3) is parallel to the Y axis or the X axis in the geodetic coordinate system, and the angle alpha is 0 degree or 90 degrees; one of the two ball prisms (3) is used as a detection ball prism, and the three-dimensional coordinates S (x, y, z) of the detection ball prism in the detection device coordinate system are recorded.
S7: erecting a geodetic instrument to be detected at a place where the total station is arranged, observing the detection ball prism by using the geodetic instrument, and measuring three-dimensional coordinates A (X, Y, Z) of the observation ball prism in a geodetic coordinate system;
s8: the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11), the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10) and the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7) are controlled by a remote controller to move the observation ball prism for a set distance, and coordinates S '(X', Y ', Z') of the observation ball prism in a coordinate system of the detection device are obtained;
s9: observing the moved observation ball prism by using a geodetic instrument, and measuring the coordinates A '(X', Y ', Z') of the moved observation ball prism in a geodetic coordinate system;
s10: calculating a coordinate component difference X ' -X, Y ' -Y, Z ' -Z between geodetic coordinates A ' (X ', Y ', Z ') and A (X, Y, Z); calculating a coordinate component difference x ' -x, y ' -y, z ' -z between the detection system coordinates S ' (x ', y ', z ') and S (x, y, z);
s11: and comparing the coordinate component difference value X '-X, Y' -Y, Z '-Z in the coordinate system of the geodetic instrument with the coordinate component difference value X' -X, Y '-Y, Z' -Z in the coordinate system of the detection device by taking the three-coordinate component difference value in the coordinate system of the detection device as a standard to obtain the accuracy error of the three-coordinate component in the geodetic instrument.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is used for detecting the accuracy of various geodetic measurement methods in large-scale (tens of meters to tens of kilometers) measurement, and the detection device of the method is utilized to detect the difference of the corresponding variable quantity obtained by geodetic measurement through the physical movement amount calibrated by the third-party detection mechanism under the condition of basically the same coordinate system and weather, so that the accuracy which can be actually achieved by a certain method for geodetic measurement in the scale is obtained.
The detection device of the scheme utilizes three mutually perpendicular linear guide rail sliding tables to position the coordinates of the detection target, provides precise motion of three coordinate axes in a coordinate system, and simultaneously drives the detection target to rotate in a plane coordinate system through the electric rotating platform so as to unify the coordinate system of the detection device and the coordinate system measured by the detected ground. The whole detection device has high detection precision and small error, and provides reliable guarantee for the detection of the long-range measurement data of geodetic measurement.
The technical scheme utilizes the high-precision quantifiable indexes of the precision mechanical motion and combines the self-measuring method of the geodetic measuring instrument to unify the motion coordinate system of the precision mechanical equipment into the coordinate system of the geodetic measurement, and utilizes the high-precision mechanical motion amount to detect the corresponding variable quantity resolved by the geodetic measurement, thereby providing a real and reliable reference and detection method for the precision evaluation of the geodetic measurement.
The invention uses the precise mechanical sliding table which can be accurately measured by law as a standard, and leads the controllable precise mechanical sliding table into the large-scale geodetic survey to detect the actual measurement accuracy by unifying the coordinate system of the detection device and the coordinate system of the detected instrument, thereby being a monitoring means which can be long, short, convenient and effective, and developing a new way for the precision detection of the geodetic survey.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a detection device.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the detection device.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the detection device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the rotation angle of the detection device.
The device comprises a base, a ball prism support, a caster, a centering base, a ball prism, a leveling bubble, a ball prism support, a connecting plate, a Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table, an 8 electric cabinet, a 9 right-angle iron plate, a 10Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table, an 11X-axis linear guide rail sliding table, a 12 box body, a 13 three-jaw chuck, a 14 rotary driving motor, a 15 display screen, a 16 electric rotary platform, a 17 positioning shaft, a 18 center sleeve, a 19 supporting and connecting disc.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the geodetic survey three-coordinate precision detection system of this scheme includes detection device, detection device includes box 12, be provided with horizontally X axle linear guide slip table 11 in the box 12, be provided with horizontally Y axle linear guide slip table 10 on X axle linear guide slip table 11's the slip table, Y axle linear guide slip table 10 and X axle linear guide slip table 11 mutually perpendicular, be provided with vertical rectangular iron plate 9 on Y axle linear guide slip table 10's the slip table, be provided with Z axle linear guide slip table 7 on rectangular iron plate 9, Z axle linear guide slip table 7 is perpendicular with X axle linear guide slip table 11 and Y axle linear guide slip table 10. The Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table 7, the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table 11 and the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table 10 are all installed on a supporting device of the box body 12.
A horizontal ball prism support 5 is arranged on a sliding table of the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table 7, two ball prisms 3 are arranged on the ball prism support 5 at intervals, and a connecting line between the two ball prisms 3 is parallel to the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table 11; the box 12 is arranged on the rotating mechanism, motors of the rotating mechanism, the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table 10, the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table 11 and the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table 7 are all electrically connected with the controller, the controller is in wireless connection with the remote controller through a wireless module, and the controller is arranged in the electric cabinet 8.
The ball prism 3 of this scheme is as the detection target, through three mutually perpendicular's linear guide slip table, fixes a position ball prism 3's coordinate, provides the accurate motion of three coordinate axes in the coordinate system, drives ball prism 3 through rotary mechanism simultaneously and centers on the adjustment of plumb axis rotation variable. The whole detection device has high detection precision and small error, and provides reliable guarantee for the detection of the long-range measurement data of geodetic measurement.
The top of ball prism support 5 is provided with level bubble 4, and level bubble 4 is installed on the slip table of Z axle linear guide slip table 7, and the plumb axis of level bubble 4 is parallel with Z axle linear guide slip table 7, and level bubble 4 is used for adjusting detection device's level.
The rotary mechanism comprises a supporting flange 19, a box body 12 is fixed on the supporting flange 19 through screws, the supporting flange 19 is fixed on an electric rotary platform 16 through screws, an inner cylinder of the electric rotary platform 16 is connected with a three-jaw chuck 13 through a fixing mechanism, a rotary driving motor 14 of the electric rotary platform 16 is electrically connected with a controller, and a rotary shaft of the electric rotary platform 16 is parallel to a Z shaft.
The fixing mechanism comprises a center sleeve 18 fixed on an inner cylinder of the electric rotating platform 16, the center sleeve 18 is of a hollow structure, a hollow fixing cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the center sleeve 18, the three-jaw chuck 13 is fixed on the fixing cylinder through a positioning shaft 17, the positioning shaft 17 is inserted into the fixing cylinder, and the positioning shaft 17 is of a hollow structure.
The three-jaw chuck 13 and the electric rotating platform 16 are connected through a connecting plate 6, the connecting plate 6 is sleeved on the fixed cylinder, and the three-jaw chuck 13 is arranged on the centering base 2. The whole detection device is connected with the centering base 2 through the three-jaw chuck 13, the repeated positioning precision of each connection is guaranteed, and the index plate on the electric rotating platform 16 is used for positioning the rotating angle.
The whole box body 12 is driven to rotate by the electric rotating platform 16, so that the aim of adjusting the rotation variable of the ball prism 3 around the plumb spindle is fulfilled, the whole rotating structure is stable, and the rotating precision is high.
Four corners of the lower end of the box body 12 are provided with trundles 1, so that the box is convenient to carry. The box body 12 is provided with a display screen 15, the display screen 15 is electrically connected with the controller, and the display screen 15 is used for displaying coordinate displacement and rotation angle adjusted by the remote controller, so that recording and calculation are facilitated.
The accuracy detection method of the geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system comprises the following steps:
s1: erecting a detection device at the selected measuring point position, and adjusting the centering base (2) to level so that the two spherical prisms (3) face the direction of the geodetic instrument to be detected;
s2: setting the moving direction of an X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11), the moving direction of a Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10) and the moving direction of a Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7) as an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of a coordinate system of the detection device respectively;
s3: the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11), the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7) and the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10) are controlled to move to initial positions through a remote controller, and the coincident point of the three initial positions is used as the origin of coordinates of a coordinate system of the detection device;
s4: erecting a total station at a set position of the distance detection device, aligning the total station with the two ball prisms (3) in sequence, and measuring plane coordinates P1 (X) of points P1 and P2 where the two ball prisms (3) are located in a geodetic coordinate systemP1，YP1)，P2(XP2，YP2)；
S5: computing point P1 (X)P1，YP1) And P2 (X)P2，YP2) Azimuth α ═ arctan ((Y) in plane in geodetic coordinate systemP2-YP1)/(XP2-XP1) ); as shown in fig. 4;
in fig. 4, XOY is a planar coordinate system of geodetic surveying, OZ axis is a plumb axis perpendicular to XOY plane, P1, P2 are center points of two ball prisms 3, P1P2 line segment is projected on XOY plane, and geodetic azimuth angle of P1P2 line segment is α. The P1P2 segment on the xoy plane is now rotated about the OZ axis so that P1P2 is parallel or perpendicular to the X-axis or Y-axis of the geodetic coordinate system of the total station, in order to equate the amount of change in the movement of the ball prism 3 in the X-axis or Y-axis of the sensing device coordinate system with the amount of change in the X-axis or Y-axis of the geodetic coordinate system.
S6: the electric rotating platform (16) is controlled by a remote controller to rotate by an angle alpha, so that the connecting line of the two spherical prisms (3) is parallel to the Y axis or the X axis in the geodetic coordinate system, and the angle alpha is 0 degree or 90 degrees; one of the two ball prisms (3) is used as a detection ball prism, and the three-dimensional coordinates S (x, y, z) of the detection ball prism in the detection device coordinate system are recorded.
S7: erecting a geodetic instrument to be detected at a place where the total station is arranged, observing the detection ball prism by using the geodetic instrument, and measuring three-dimensional coordinates A (X, Y, Z) of the observation ball prism in a geodetic coordinate system;
s8: the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11), the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10) and the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7) are controlled by a remote controller to move the observation ball prism for a set distance, and coordinates S '(X', Y ', Z') of the observation ball prism in a coordinate system of the detection device are obtained;
s9: observing the moved observation ball prism by using a geodetic instrument, and measuring the coordinates A '(X', Y ', Z') of the moved observation ball prism in a geodetic coordinate system;
s10: calculating a coordinate component difference X ' -X, Y ' -Y, Z ' -Z between geodetic coordinates A ' (X ', Y ', Z ') and A (X, Y, Z); calculating a coordinate component difference x ' -x, y ' -y, z ' -z between the detection system coordinates S ' (x ', y ', z ') and S (x, y, z);
s11: and comparing the coordinate component difference value X '-X, Y' -Y, Z '-Z in the geodetic coordinate system with the coordinate component difference value X' -X, Y '-Y, Z' -Z in the coordinate system of the detection device by taking the three-coordinate component difference value in the coordinate system of the detection device as a standard to obtain the accuracy error of the three-coordinate component in the geodetic measurement.
The method is used for detecting the accuracy of various geodetic methods in large-scale (tens of meters to tens of kilometers) measurement, and the detection device of the method is utilized to detect the difference of the corresponding variable quantity obtained by geodetic measurement through the physical movement amount calibrated by the third-party detection mechanism under the condition of basically the same coordinate system and weather, so that the accuracy which can be actually achieved by a certain geodetic method in the scale is obtained.
The technical scheme utilizes the high-precision quantifiable indexes of the precision mechanical motion and combines the self-measuring method of the geodetic measuring instrument to unify the motion coordinate system of the precision mechanical equipment into the coordinate system of the geodetic measurement, and utilizes the high-precision mechanical motion amount to detect the corresponding variable quantity resolved by the geodetic measurement, thereby providing a real and reliable reference and detection method for the precision evaluation of the geodetic measurement.
Claims (8)
1. A geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system is characterized by comprising a detection device, the detection device comprises a box body (12), a horizontal X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11) is arranged in the box body (12), a horizontal Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10) is arranged on the sliding table of the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11), the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11) and the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10) are vertical to each other, a vertical right-angle iron plate (9) is arranged on the sliding table of the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10), a Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7) is arranged on the right-angle iron plate (9), the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7) is vertical to the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11) and the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10), the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7), the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11) and the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10) are all arranged on a supporting device of the box body (12);
a horizontal ball prism support (5) is arranged on a sliding table of the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7), two ball prisms (3) are installed on the ball prism support (5) at intervals, and a connecting line between the centers of the two ball prisms (3) is parallel to the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11); the box (12) is arranged on the rotating mechanism, motors of the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10), the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11) and the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7) are connected with a controller, and the controller is in wireless connection with a remote controller through a wireless module.
2. The geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system of claim 1, characterized in that a leveling bubble (4) is arranged above the ball prism support (5), the leveling bubble (4) is mounted on a sliding table of a Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7), and a plumb axis of the leveling bubble (4) is parallel to the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7).
3. The geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system of claim 1, characterized in that the rotating mechanism comprises a supporting flange (19), the box body (12) is fixed on the supporting flange (19), the supporting flange (19) is fixed on an electric rotating platform (16), the inner cylinder of the electric rotating platform (16) is connected with a three-jaw chuck (13) through a fixing mechanism, and a rotating driving motor (14) of the electric rotating platform (16) is electrically connected with a controller.
4. The geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system of claim 3, characterized in that the fixing mechanism comprises a center sleeve (18), the center sleeve (18) is fixed on an inner cylinder of the electric rotary platform (16), the rotation axis of the electric rotary platform (16) is parallel to the Z axis, the center sleeve (18) is of a hollow structure, a hollow fixed cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the center sleeve (18), and the three-jaw chuck (13) is fixed on the fixed cylinder through a positioning shaft (17).
5. Geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that the connection between the three-jaw chuck (13) and the motorized rotary platform (16) is through a connection plate (6).
6. Geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that the three-jaw chuck (13) is arranged on a centering base (2).
7. Geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that a display screen (15) is provided on the housing (12), the display screen (15) being electrically connected to a controller.
8. A method of accuracy detection using the geodetic three-coordinate precision detection system of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1: erecting a detection device at the selected measuring point position, and adjusting the centering base (2) to level so that the two spherical prisms (3) face the direction of the geodetic instrument to be detected;
s2: setting the moving direction of an X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11), the moving direction of a Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10) and the moving direction of a Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7) as an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of a coordinate system of the detection device respectively;
s3: the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11), the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7) and the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10) are controlled to move to initial positions through a remote controller, and the coincident point of the three initial positions is used as the origin of coordinates of a coordinate system of the detection device;
s4: erecting a total station at a set position of the distance detection device, aligning the total station to the two ball prisms (3) in sequence, and measuring the two ballsPlane coordinates P1 (X) of points P1 and P2 where the prism (3) is located in the geodetic coordinate systemP1，YP1)，P2(XP2，YP2)；
S5: computing point P1 (X)P1，YP1) And P2 (X)P2，YP2) Azimuth α ═ arctan ((Y) in plane in geodetic coordinate systemP2-YP1)/(XP2-XP1))；
S6: the electric rotating platform (16) is controlled by a remote controller to rotate by an angle alpha, so that the connecting line of the two spherical prisms (3) is parallel to the Y axis or the X axis in the geodetic coordinate system, and the angle alpha is 0 degree or 90 degrees; one of the two ball prisms (3) is used as a detection ball prism, and the three-dimensional coordinates S (x, y, z) of the detection ball prism in the detection device coordinate system are recorded.
S7: erecting a geodetic instrument to be detected at a place where the total station is arranged, observing the detection ball prism by using the geodetic instrument, and measuring three-dimensional coordinates A (X, Y, Z) of the observation ball prism in a geodetic coordinate system;
s8: the X-axis linear guide rail sliding table (11), the Y-axis linear guide rail sliding table (10) and the Z-axis linear guide rail sliding table (7) are controlled by a remote controller to move the observation ball prism for a set distance, and coordinates S '(X', Y ', Z') of the observation ball prism in a coordinate system of the detection device are obtained;
s9: observing the moved observation ball prism by using a geodetic instrument, and measuring the coordinates A '(X', Y ', Z') of the moved observation ball prism in a geodetic coordinate system;
s10: calculating a coordinate component difference X ' -X, Y ' -Y, Z ' -Z between geodetic coordinates A ' (X ', Y ', Z ') and A (X, Y, Z); calculating a coordinate component difference x ' -x, y ' -y, z ' -z between the detection system coordinates S ' (x ', y ', z ') and S (x, y, z);
s11: and comparing the coordinate component difference value X '-X, Y' -Y, Z '-Z in the coordinate system of the geodetic instrument with the coordinate component difference value X' -X, Y '-Y, Z' -Z in the coordinate system of the detection device by taking the three-coordinate component difference value in the coordinate system of the detection device as a standard to obtain the accuracy error of the three-coordinate component in the geodetic instrument.
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