CN111749134A - Auxiliary support construction device and construction method for beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge - Google Patents
Auxiliary support construction device and construction method for beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge Download PDFInfo
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- CN111749134A CN111749134A CN202010466770.0A CN202010466770A CN111749134A CN 111749134 A CN111749134 A CN 111749134A CN 202010466770 A CN202010466770 A CN 202010466770A CN 111749134 A CN111749134 A CN 111749134A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D4/00—Arch-type bridges
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Abstract
The invention relates to a beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge auxiliary support construction device and a construction method thereof. The device support frame wherein is fixed to be set up the lateral part at the pier, the support frame is located underslung roof beam below, the crossbeam is along the top of horizontal fixed setting at the support frame, two supporting beam along the top of vertical fixed setting at the both ends of crossbeam, the top of every supporting beam all is fixed and is provided with a distribution beam, the horizontal length size of distribution beam is greater than the horizontal length size of a supporting beam, a plurality of supporting shoes set up between the top of every distribution beam and the underslung roof beam along horizontal interval in proper order, the top of every supporting shoe all is unanimous with the bottom shape of underslung roof beam. The invention can prevent the problems of beam body downwarping deformation and root cracking caused by overlarge load bearing of the lower chord beam body, thereby being beneficial to the smooth construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge construction, and particularly relates to a beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge auxiliary support construction device and a construction method thereof.
Background
The bridge type of the beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge is formed by combining arch ribs, main beams and piers, the main suspension casting is a hollow box beam, and the upper chord beam and the lower chord beam are usually constructed by adopting hanging baskets and are tensioned by buckling cables.
In carrying out the present invention, the applicant has found that at least the following disadvantages exist in the prior art:
in the prior art, when the main beam is constructed to the initial maximum cantilever end of the lower chord beam, the self weights of the cantilever end and the hanging basket completely depend on the reinforced concrete support of the lower chord beam, and the lower chord beam body bears excessive load to cause the down-deflection deformation and the root cracking of the beam body, so that the smooth construction is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge auxiliary support construction device and a construction method thereof, which aim to solve the problem that the self weight of a cantilever end and a cradle in the prior art is completely supported by the reinforced concrete of a lower chord beam.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the invention provides an auxiliary support construction device for a beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge, which comprises:
the support frame is fixedly arranged on the side part of the pier and is positioned below the lower suspension beam;
the cross beam is fixedly arranged at the top of the support frame along the transverse direction;
the two supporting beams are vertically and fixedly arranged on the tops of the two ends of the cross beam;
the top of each supporting beam is fixedly provided with one distributing beam, and the transverse length dimension of each distributing beam is larger than that of each supporting beam;
the supporting blocks are sequentially arranged between the top of each distribution beam and the lower suspension beam at intervals along the transverse direction, and the top of each supporting block is consistent with the bottom of the lower suspension beam in shape.
Furthermore, a plurality of anchor ears are arranged on the cross beam at intervals, the anchor ears are U-shaped with an opening at the bottom, the cross beam is arranged in the anchor ears, and two ends of the anchor ears are fixedly welded on the support frame.
Further, the crossbeam is the I-steel, is located the downside the both sides of the web of I-steel are in through the buckle joint on the support frame.
Furthermore, every the lower extreme of a supporting beam all is provided with stop device, stop device includes a plurality of stoppers, and is a plurality of the stopper is fixed to be set up on the crossbeam, it is a plurality of the stopper winds the equal angle interval of a supporting beam's center pin sets up, and is a plurality of the inboard of stopper encloses into a spacing circle, the diameter of spacing circle with a supporting beam's diameter is unanimous, a supporting beam is fixed to be set up in the spacing circle.
Furthermore, each supporting beam is sleeved with a fixing plate, and two opposite jacks are arranged between the fixing plate and the cross beam.
Furthermore, a pile cap is arranged at the top of each supporting beam, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged between the pile caps and the beam bodies of the supporting beams at intervals.
Furthermore, a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in contact surfaces of the supporting block and the bottom of the lower suspension beam, and the supporting block is clamped with the bottom of the lower suspension beam through the plurality of clamping grooves.
Furthermore, the two support beams are connected with each other sequentially through a plurality of first connecting cross beams from top to bottom;
the two adjacent first connecting cross beams are connected through two first inclined struts, the upper ends of the two first inclined struts are connected to the middle of the bottom of the first connecting cross beam positioned above the two adjacent first connecting cross beams, and the lower ends of the two first inclined struts are respectively connected to the connecting positions of the end parts of the first connecting cross beams positioned below the two adjacent first connecting cross beams and the supporting beams;
the top of each supporting beam is connected with the inner side of the supporting frame through a second inclined strut, the two second inclined struts are oppositely arranged, and the distance between the joints of the two second inclined struts and the supporting frame is greater than the distance between the two supporting beams;
every the bottom of a supporting beam all through the third bracing with the inboard of support frame is connected, two the third bracing sets up relatively, two the third bracing with distance between the support frame junction is unanimous with two distance between the supporting beam.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a construction method of the auxiliary support construction device for the beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
installing a support frame at the side part of the pier;
erecting a cross beam on the support frame;
two support beams are arranged on the cross beam;
mounting the distribution beam on top of each of the support beams;
and installing a proper number of support blocks between the top of the distribution beam and the underslung beam.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge auxiliary support construction device and a construction method thereof, wherein a support frame, a cross beam, a support beam, a distribution beam and a support block can form an auxiliary support, the auxiliary support can temporarily support a lower chord beam, when a main beam is constructed to the initial maximum cantilever end of the lower chord beam, the self weight of the cantilever end and a hanging basket can be supported by both reinforced concrete of the lower chord beam and the auxiliary support, so that the problems of beam body downwarping deformation and root cracking caused by overlarge bearing load of the lower chord beam body can be prevented, and the smooth construction is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of a beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge auxiliary support construction device in a use state according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cross member of FIG. 1 mounted to a support bracket;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the hoop shown in fig. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cross member of FIG. 1 mounted to a support bracket from another perspective;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the buckle shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a bottom mounting schematic view of the support beam of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the support beam of FIG. 1;
fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart of a construction method of the auxiliary support construction device for the beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of a beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge auxiliary support construction device in an embodiment of the present invention in a use state, fig. 2 is a side view of fig. 1, and with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the device in the embodiment of the present invention includes a support frame 1, a cross beam 2, a support beam 3, a distribution beam 4, and a support block 5.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a support bracket 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is fixedly installed on a side portion of a pier 6, and the support bracket 1 is located below a lower suspension member 7.
Specifically, the support frame 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be a triangular bracket or a bracket embedded in the pier 6, and may be connected by a finish-rolled deformed steel bar penetrating the pier 6, so that it has a stable and reliable support force.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the cross member 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention is fixed to the top of the support frame 1 along the transverse direction.
Specifically, fig. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the cross beam in fig. 1 on the support frame, and with reference to fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the cross beam 2 may be fixed on the support frame by welding, and a plurality of anchor ears 8 are arranged at intervals on the cross beam 2, and fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the anchor ears in fig. 3, with reference to fig. 4, the anchor ears 8 in an embodiment of the present invention are U-shaped with an open bottom, the cross beam 2 is arranged in the anchor ears 8, and two ends of the anchor ears 8 are fixedly welded on the support frame 1, so as to improve the stability of the cross beam 2 on the support frame.
Further, fig. 5 is a schematic view of another perspective of the installation of the cross beam on the support frame in fig. 1, and with reference to fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cross beam 1 is an I-steel, which may be of type I56b, and both sides of a web of the I-steel located on the lower side are clamped on the web of the upper side of the I-steel of the support frame 1 through fasteners 9 (shown in fig. 6), which may cooperate with the hoop 8, so as to further improve the stability of the cross beam 2 on the support frame 1.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, two support beams 3 are provided, and the two support beams 3 are vertically and fixedly disposed on top of two ends of the cross beam 2.
Of course, the number of the cross beams in the embodiment of the present invention may be two, and each support beam 3 is correspondingly disposed on one cross beam 2, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the bottom installation of the support beam in fig. 1, fig. 8 is a schematic view of a cross section a-a in fig. 7, and with reference to fig. 7 and fig. 8, in an embodiment of the present invention, a limiting device is disposed at a lower end of each support beam 3, the limiting device includes a plurality of limiting blocks 11, the limiting blocks 11 may be fixedly disposed on the cross beam 2 in a welding manner, the limiting blocks 11 are disposed at equal angular intervals around a central axis of the support beam 3, a limiting circle is defined inside the limiting blocks 6, a diameter of the limiting circle is consistent with a diameter of the support beam 3, and the support beam 3 is fixedly disposed in the limiting circle, so that the support beam 3 may be fixed by the limiting device, and the support beam 3 is prevented from tilting during construction, so that construction can be performed smoothly.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, in the embodiment of the present invention, each supporting beam 3 is sleeved with a fixing plate 12, two opposite jacks 13 are disposed between the fixing plate 12 and the cross beam 2, and active force can be applied to the fixing plate 12 and the supporting beam 3 by the two opposite jacks 13 to prevent the supporting beam 3 from tilting during construction, so that construction can be performed smoothly.
In the embodiment of the invention, the supporting beam 3 can be a seamless steel pipe with a diameter of 400X10mm, the supporting beam 3 can be cut from I25a I-steel, the supporting beam 3 can also be connected with a plurality of limiting blocks 11 of the limiting device in a welding mode, and the fixing plate 12 can also be arranged on the supporting beam 3 in a welding mode.
Fig. 9 is a schematic top structure view of the support beam of fig. 1, and in combination with fig. 9, in the embodiment of the present invention, a top of each support beam 3 is provided with a pile cap 14, the pile cap 14 can increase an effective area of the top of the support beam 3, and can be assembled on the top of the support beam 3 by welding, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 15 are spaced between the pile cap 14 and a beam body of the support beam 3 to improve the stability of the connection between the pile cap 14 and the top of the support beam 3.
Because the dead weights of the lower suspension beam 7 and the hanging basket are large, the action area of the top of the support beam 3 is small, if the top of the support beam 3 is directly contacted with the bottom of the lower suspension beam 7, the bottom shape of the lower suspension beam 7 can be damaged, on the basis of the embodiment of the invention, the top of each support beam 3 is fixedly provided with one distribution beam 4, the transverse length dimension of the distribution beam 4 is larger than that of the support beam 3, a plurality of support blocks 5 are sequentially arranged between the top of each distribution beam 4 and the lower suspension beam 7 at intervals along the transverse direction, and the top of each support block 5 is consistent with the bottom shape of the lower suspension beam 7, so that the support beam 3 is indirectly contacted with the lower suspension beam 7, and the action area of the support beam 3 on the lower suspension beam 7 can be increased; in addition, the supporting block 5 of the embodiment of the invention is provided with a plurality of optional paddings, has certain flexibility, is in direct contact with the lower suspension beam 7, does not damage the bottom shape of the lower chord beam 7, and ensures the construction quality.
Furthermore, in the embodiment of the invention, the contact part of the bottom of the lower chord beam 7 and the supporting block 5 can be manually roughened, the smooth surface of the surface is removed, roughening processing is carried out on the contact surfaces of the supporting block 5 and the bottom concrete of the lower chord beam 7 to form a plurality of clamping grooves, the supporting block 5 is clamped with the bottom of the lower chord beam 7 through the clamping grooves, the supporting block 5 can be installed in an anchor box, and the anchor box can be fixed on the distribution beam 4 in a welding manner, so that a relatively stable structure can be formed; and the support blocks 5 can be removed from the anchor boxes for use in place of the suitably shaped support blocks 5.
In order to solve the problems that the support is unstable when the lower chord beam is pre-compressed during construction and the sliding surface is easily formed between the support surface and the lower chord beam, the embodiment of the invention, with reference to fig. 1 and 2, is improved as follows in addition to the main acting force exerted by the two opposite jacks 13:
two supporting beams 3 are sequentially connected through a plurality of first connecting cross beams 16 from top to bottom, two adjacent first connecting cross beams 16 are connected through two first inclined struts 17, the upper ends of the two first inclined struts 17 are connected to the middle of the bottom of the first connecting cross beam 16 positioned above the two adjacent first connecting cross beams 16, the lower ends of the two first inclined struts 17 are respectively connected to the connecting part of the end part of the first connecting cross beam 16 positioned below the two adjacent first connecting cross beams 16 and the supporting beam 3 so as to increase the stability, in addition, the top of each supporting beam 3 is connected with the inner side of the supporting frame 1 through the second inclined strut 18, the two second inclined struts 18 are oppositely arranged, the distance between the connecting parts of the two second inclined struts 18 and the supporting frame 1 is larger than the distance between the two supporting beams 3, and the two second inclined struts 18 are connected through the second connecting cross beams 20, and the bottom of every supporting beam 3 all is connected through the inboard of third bracing 19 and support frame 1, and two third bracing 19 set up relatively, and the distance between two third bracing 19 and the support frame 1 junction is unanimous with the distance between two supporting beams 3, connects through the third between two third bracing 19 crossbeam, can increase lateral stability like this, keeps the stable atress of support frame.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first connecting beam 16, the first inclined strut 17, the second inclined strut 18 and the third inclined strut 19 can be installed in a welding mode, the first connecting beam 16 can be I25I-steel parallel connection, and the first inclined strut 17 can be double-spliced [ ]25 channel steel; the second inclined strut 18 and the third inclined strut 19 can be made of opposite-holding [ ]25 channel steel, the upper ends of the second inclined strut and the third inclined strut are welded with the corresponding supporting beam 3, and the lower ends of the second inclined strut and the third inclined strut can be hinged with the supporting frame 1 through pins, so that the lateral stability is improved, and the stable stress of the supporting frame is kept. The second connecting beam 20 and the third connecting beam can be made of I25I-shaped steel and are connected with corresponding inclined struts in a welding mode.
The second inclined strut 18 and the third inclined strut 19 of the embodiment of the invention can form a stable triangular connection steel pipe supporting system with the two supporting beams 3, and the bottom main jacking device provides main jacking force to offset the lower deflection of the beam body after later load loading, so that the deformation and damage of the beam body are reduced to the maximum extent, and the frame body has good stability.
On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a construction method of the foregoing auxiliary support construction device for a beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge, where fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart of the construction method of the auxiliary support construction device for a beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge according to the embodiment of the present invention, and with reference to fig. 10, the construction method includes:
s1: installing a support frame at the side part of the pier;
s2: erecting a cross beam on the support frame;
s3: two supporting beams are arranged on the cross beam;
s4: a distribution beam is arranged on the top of each support beam;
s5: and a proper number of supporting blocks are arranged between the top of the distribution beam and the lower suspension beam.
In summary, the supporting frame, the cross beam, the supporting beam, the distributing beam and the supporting block in the device for constructing the auxiliary support of the beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge and the construction method of the device for constructing the auxiliary support of the beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge according to the embodiments of the present invention can form an auxiliary support, the auxiliary support can temporarily support the lower chord beam, when the main beam is constructed to the initial maximum cantilever end of the lower chord beam, the self weight of the cantilever end and the hanging basket can be supported by both the reinforced concrete of the lower chord beam and the auxiliary support, so as to prevent the problems of downward deflection and cracking of the beam body and the root caused by the overlarge bearing load of the lower chord beam body, thereby facilitating the smooth construction, and having good practicability and popularization.
The following embodiments are provided for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention in any way, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the technical features of the present invention can be modified or changed in some ways without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a continuous rigid frame bridge auxiliary stay construction equipment of beam-arch combination which characterized in that, the device includes:
the support frame is fixedly arranged on the side part of the pier and is positioned below the lower suspension beam;
the cross beam is fixedly arranged at the top of the support frame along the transverse direction;
the two supporting beams are vertically and fixedly arranged on the tops of the two ends of the cross beam;
the top of each supporting beam is fixedly provided with one distributing beam, and the transverse length dimension of each distributing beam is larger than that of each supporting beam;
the supporting blocks are sequentially arranged between the top of each distribution beam and the lower suspension beam at intervals along the transverse direction, and the top of each supporting block is consistent with the bottom of the lower suspension beam in shape.
2. The auxiliary supporting construction device for the beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of hoops are arranged on the cross beam at intervals, the hoops are U-shaped with an opening at the bottom, the cross beam is arranged in the hoops, and two ends of the hoops are fixedly welded on the supporting frame.
3. The auxiliary supporting construction device for the beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cross beam is an i-shaped steel, and two sides of a web plate of the i-shaped steel positioned at the lower side are clamped on the supporting frame through buckles.
4. The auxiliary supporting construction device for the beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge according to claim 1, wherein a limiting device is arranged at the lower end of each supporting beam, the limiting device comprises a plurality of limiting blocks, the limiting blocks are fixedly arranged on the cross beam, the limiting blocks are arranged around the central axis of the supporting beam at equal angular intervals, a limiting circle is enclosed inside the limiting blocks, the diameter of the limiting circle is consistent with that of the supporting beam, and the supporting beam is fixedly arranged in the limiting circle.
5. An auxiliary supporting construction device for a beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge according to claim 1, wherein each supporting beam is sleeved with a fixing plate, and two opposite jacks are arranged between the fixing plate and the cross beam.
6. The auxiliary supporting construction device for the beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge of claim 1, wherein a pile cap is provided on the top of each supporting beam, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided at intervals between the pile cap and the beam body of the supporting beam.
7. The auxiliary supporting construction device for the beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the contact surface of the supporting block and the bottom of the underslung beam is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves, and the supporting block is clamped with the bottom of the underslung beam through the plurality of clamping grooves.
8. The auxiliary support construction device for the beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge according to claim 1, wherein two support beams are connected sequentially from top to bottom through a plurality of first connecting cross beams;
the two adjacent first connecting cross beams are connected through two first inclined struts, the upper ends of the two first inclined struts are connected to the middle of the bottom of the first connecting cross beam positioned above the two adjacent first connecting cross beams, and the lower ends of the two first inclined struts are respectively connected to the connecting positions of the end parts of the first connecting cross beams positioned below the two adjacent first connecting cross beams and the supporting beams;
the top of each supporting beam is connected with the inner side of the supporting frame through a second inclined strut, the two second inclined struts are oppositely arranged, and the distance between the joints of the two second inclined struts and the supporting frame is greater than the distance between the two supporting beams;
every the bottom of a supporting beam all through the third bracing with the inboard of support frame is connected, two the third bracing sets up relatively, two the third bracing with distance between the support frame junction is unanimous with two distance between the supporting beam.
9. A construction method of a beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge auxiliary support construction device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the construction method comprises:
installing a support frame at the side part of the pier;
erecting a cross beam on the support frame;
two support beams are arranged on the cross beam;
mounting the distribution beam on top of each of the support beams;
and installing a proper number of support blocks between the top of the distribution beam and the underslung beam.
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| CN202010466770.0A CN111749134B (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-28 | Auxiliary support construction device and construction method for beam-arch combined continuous rigid frame bridge |
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| CN103669194A (en) * | 2013-12-29 | 2014-03-26 | 长安大学 | Continuous rigid frame bridge based on steel truss-concrete slab composite beam |
| CN204151695U (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2015-02-11 | 武汉武桥交通装备技术有限公司 | Be applicable to the combination Hanging Basket system of continuous rigid frame bridge or the full beam section construction of continuous girder bridge |
| CN204298745U (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-29 | 中铁二十局集团第五工程有限公司 | A kind of continuous rigid frame bridge construction combined type support system |
| CN205775888U (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-12-07 | 中铁十七局集团第二工程有限公司 | A kind of supporting structure of auxiliary boom beam construction |
| KR101887202B1 (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-09-06 | 홍석희 | A frame structure of a composite cross section made by tightening a beam and a lower structure into which a camber prestress is introduced, and a construction method thereof |
| CN208884362U (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-05-21 | 中铁二局第五工程有限公司 | A kind of Construction of continuous beam bracket |
| CN207998799U (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-10-23 | 中交二航局第四工程有限公司 | A kind of 0# sections of bracket combination formula pre-pressing systems of cantilever rigid frame-continuous girder |
| CN210140777U (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-03-13 | 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 | Bracket for construction of continuous rigid frame box girder |
| CN110725209A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-24 | 中铁十局集团第八工程有限公司 | Construction prop-up device and method for bridges adjacent to business lines |
| CN111172887A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-05-19 | 广西路桥工程集团有限公司 | Construction method of hollow thin-wall pier continuous rigid frame bridge main beam and No. 0 block bracket thereof |
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