CN111747623A - Integrated treatment process for oily sludge - Google Patents
Integrated treatment process for oily sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN111747623A CN111747623A CN202010564569.6A CN202010564569A CN111747623A CN 111747623 A CN111747623 A CN 111747623A CN 202010564569 A CN202010564569 A CN 202010564569A CN 111747623 A CN111747623 A CN 111747623A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/305—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with electrons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oily sludge treatment, and particularly relates to an integrated treatment process of oily sludge, which comprises the following steps: s1, crushing and homogenizing the oily sludge, and then adding water to control the water content of the sludge to form sludge to be frozen and thawed; s2, repeatedly freezing and thawing the sludge to be frozen and thawed, wherein three-phase separation is realized by layering of each freezing and thawing, the layered sludge enters next freezing and thawing, and a sludge melting layer, a water melting layer and an oil phase are obtained after the repeated freezing and thawing is completed; and S3, treating the molten mud in an incineration system, treating the molten water layer in a water treatment system, and treating the oil phase in an oil purification system. The oily sludge integrated treatment process adopts crushing homogenization and freeze thawing methods to realize the complete separation of water, sludge and oil, and oil enters a product purification system, a water inlet treatment system and a sludge inlet incineration system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oily sludge treatment, and particularly relates to an integrated treatment process of oily sludge.
Background
In the upstream exploration and development, oil and gas gathering and transportation, sewage treatment, tank bottom cleaning and downstream petroleum smelting processes of petroleum, a large amount of mixed leakage containing petroleum hydrocarbons is generated to the environment due to process equipment, manual operation and the like, and the solid and semisolid mixed leakage is called as oily sludge.
The oily sludge has complex components, generally consists of oil-in-water, water-in-oil and suspended solids, and is a stable suspended emulsion semi-liquid system. The sludge particles are fine and are flocculent inside. The water-oil emulsified oil has small density difference between oil and water, high water content of 40-90%, sufficient emulsification, high viscosity and difficult sedimentation. The sludge particles have poor stability, are easy to decay and generate stink, pollute air and have great harmfulness in production and environmental protection. The oily sludge has complex components and greatly different physical and chemical properties, so the treatment technology is also diversified.
At present, the treatment methods for treating the oily sludge mainly comprise incineration, thermal desorption, thermal cracking, solvent extraction and the like. The pure incineration and thermal desorption involve high temperature, so that high energy consumption is inevitable, and the waste of crude oil resources is also caused. The extraction separation is a simple and efficient final treatment technology for recycling oil sludge resources, the separation process is relatively short in time consumption, but the extraction separation needs a large amount of solvents, the treatment cost is high, and the environmental impact is large. Moreover, due to the diversity and complexity of the varieties of the oil sludge, different organic solvents need to be developed for extraction.
Most of the existing methods for treating the oily sludge are direct incineration or thermal desorption after oil separation, wherein the oil separation methods mainly comprise hot washing, medicament cleaning, mechanical conditioning and demulsification and the like, and comprise the following steps: the patent document with publication number CN 108996859a discloses a green cleaning-thermal desorption integrated technology treatment method for high-concentration petroleum sludge, which comprises the treatment steps of homogeneous impurity removal pretreatment, chemical thermal cleaning treatment, solid-liquid separation and oil-water separation, thermal desorption of oil sludge, high-temperature combustion oxidation, heat exchange and tail gas cooling and dust removal; the process mainly realizes the deep purification of the oil sludge through impurity removal, thermal washing, solid-liquid separation and thermal desorption, the wastewater generated by washing the oil sludge in the process is treated by a wastewater integrated device and then recycled, and in addition, the heat in the thermal desorption process can be used as a heat source for thermal washing and drying to realize the recycling of thermal resources. However, the existing treatment method of the oily sludge still has the problems of incomplete three-phase separation of oil sludge and water or low oil recovery efficiency, and causes a certain waste of energy. In addition, a large amount of secondary pollution such as waste water, waste gas and the like is generated in the treatment process.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an integrated treatment process for oily sludge.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an integrated treatment process of oily sludge, comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing and homogenizing the oily sludge, and then adding water to control the water content of the sludge to form sludge to be frozen and thawed;
s2, repeatedly freezing and thawing the sludge to be frozen and thawed, wherein three-phase separation is realized by layering of each freezing and thawing, the layered sludge enters next freezing and thawing, and a sludge melting layer, a water melting layer and an oil phase are obtained after the repeated freezing and thawing is completed;
and S3, treating the molten mud in an incineration system, treating the molten water layer in a water treatment system, and treating the oil phase in an oil purification system.
Preferably, in the step S1, the water content of the sludge is controlled to be 60 to 80%.
Preferably, the water content of the sludge is controlled to be 68-72%.
Preferably, the repeated freezing and thawing comprises secondary freezing and thawing, and the melted mud after the primary freezing and thawing is mixed with water for secondary freezing and thawing.
Preferably, the freeze-thaw process conditions include: the freezing temperature is-25 to-5 ℃, and the freezing-thawing time is 4 to 15 hours.
Preferably, the freeze-thaw process conditions include: the freezing temperature is-20 to-15 ℃, and the freezing-thawing time is 8 to 10 hours.
As a preferred scheme, the water-melting layer is treated by flocculation and electron beam irradiation in a water treatment system, the treated water is discharged after reaching the standard or recycled to be used as water supply for freeze thawing treatment, and the solid obtained by flocculation enters an incineration system for treatment.
Preferably, the process parameters of the electron beam irradiation include: the energy is 1.2-2.5 MeV, the current is 1-10 mA, and the irradiation time is 60-120 s.
As a preferred scheme, the oil phase enters an oil product purification system for treatment to obtain purified oil, and the combustion heat value of the purified oil can reach 37560-39785 kJ/kg.
Preferably, the purified oil is used for supplying energy to an incineration system, and the waste heat of the incineration system is used for defrosting and preheating the frozen and melted mud and melted water layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the oily sludge integrated treatment process adopts crushing homogenization and freeze thawing methods to realize three-phase separation of water, sludge and oil, wherein the oil enters a product purification system, a water inlet treatment system and a sludge inlet incineration system; through oil purification, the recovered oil is close to the quality of crude oil, and part of the recovered oil can be used as heat supply for sludge incineration; performing advanced treatment on the water-melting layer subjected to freeze thawing and demulsification through flocculation and electron beam irradiation technologies, and discharging the water-melting layer up to the standard or recycling the water-melting layer to freeze thawing treatment; the fused mud enters an incineration system, and the waste heat of the incinerated tailings and tail gas can be used as heat sources for unfreezing and preheating the fused mud and the fused water layer.
The oily sludge integrated treatment process realizes the cyclic utilization of resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the integrated treatment process of oily sludge in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will explain the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
The integrated treatment process of the oily sludge provided by the invention can realize multiple effects of recycling, reducing, harmlessness and the like of the oily sludge, and can realize the recycling of resources such as petroleum substances, heat and the like. The purpose of demulsification is achieved by adopting a freeze thawing method and utilizing the difference of oil-water freezing points, and compared with the conventional hot washing and demulsification, the demulsification method avoids adding excessive agents and does not introduce other pollutants.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the integrated treatment process of oily sludge of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, pretreating the oily sludge, and specifically comprises the following steps: crushing and homogenizing the oily sludge, and then adding water to control the water content of the sludge to form sludge to be frozen and thawed;
specifically, the water content of the sludge is controlled to be 60-80%.
More preferably, the water content of the sludge is controlled to be 68-72%; when the water content is higher, the volume of water drops is larger, the supercooling effect is reduced, the freezing point is not greatly reduced, and the freezing effect is more obvious; if the water content is too much, the waste of resource and energy consumption is caused.
S2, repeatedly freezing and thawing the sludge to be frozen and thawed in a freezing and thawing system, realizing three-phase separation by layering of each freezing and thawing, performing next freezing and thawing on layered sludge, and obtaining sludge, a water-melting layer and an oil phase after the repeated freezing and thawing is completed;
particularly, the freeze thawing method is more convenient in extremely cold areas and can save energy supply;
the freeze-thaw process conditions of the present example include: the freezing temperature is-25 to-5 ℃, and the freezing and thawing time is 4 to 15 hours;
more preferably, the freezing temperature is-20 to-15 ℃, and the freezing-thawing time is 8 to 10 hours.
The repeated freezing and thawing of the embodiment comprises secondary freezing and thawing, and the melted mud after the primary freezing and thawing is mixed with water for secondary freezing and thawing, so that the oil content of the melted mud is further reduced.
And S3, treating the molten mud in an incineration system, treating the molten water layer in a water treatment system, and treating the oil phase in an oil purification system.
Specifically, the molten sludge of the embodiment is thawed and homogenized, passes through the pre-dry heating system, and enters the incineration system for incineration treatment. The heat exchange heat source of the incinerated tailings and the incinerated tail gas can be used for thawing and preheating the melted mud and the melted water layer after freeze thawing.
In the embodiment, after demulsification and separation by a freeze-thaw method, the separated oil phase passes through an oil purification system (namely an oil purification system), so that oil components can be recycled, the heat value of the recycled oil is close to that of crude oil and is close to average low-temperature heat productivity, the combustion heat value of the recycled oil can reach 37560-39785 kJ/kg, the average low-temperature heat productivity of the crude oil is 41816kJ/kg, and the recycled oil can be used for fuel supply of an incineration system or other ways.
In the water-melting layer of the embodiment, a small amount of oil-in-water emulsification phenomenon exists in a water phase after a water ice crystal layer which is in contact with molten mud and oil is thawed, the water phase contains solid suspended matters, silt, inorganic acid, soluble organic matters, high molecular substances and the like, the COD is about 400-500 ppm, the deep treatment mode adopted by the molten water is flocculation and electron beam irradiation technology treatment, the COD can be treated to below 50ppm, and the wastewater can be directly treated to a direct discharge state; the operation is simple, the electron beam irradiation occupies small area, and the flexibility is high.
The water sample of the water-melting layer after advanced treatment can be discharged up to the standard or recycled to a freeze-thaw system for recycling as dilution water, and the flocculated solid can be incinerated or disposed of.
Wherein, the conditions of electron beam irradiation are as follows: the energy of the electron beam is 1.0-2.5 MeV, and the current is 1-10 mA, which can be continuously controlled. More preferably, the energy of the electron beam is 1.2-1.5 MeV, the current is 1.2-1.5 mA, and the irradiation time is 60-120 s. The accelerated electron beam is used for bombarding the wastewater sample, so that physicochemical and biological reactions which are difficult to initiate by the conventional method occur, and the reaction is completed instantly.
Compared with other treatment methods, the freeze-thaw method adopted by the embodiment has the important characteristic that the treatment energy consumption is lower. Part of the refrigeration energy of the freeze-thaw method can be provided by natural cold energy in nature. The natural cooling energy refers to "low temperature difference and low temperature heat energy naturally existing in a normal temperature environment", and refers to energy obtained by utilizing a temperature difference under a natural condition.
The integrated treatment process of the oily sludge can be optimally selected to be implemented in an extremely cold place, and aims to combine natural cold energy with artificial energy, so that the supply of external artificial energy consumption is reduced, the energy is saved, and the treatment cost is reduced. The average temperature in winter reaches about-20 ℃ in three months in the north every year, particularly in the northeast of Liaohe oil field, and the process is suitable for the process; meanwhile, the burned tailing cooling heat source and the burned tail gas cooling heat source can be recycled through heat exchange and are used for unfreezing a frozen and thawed sludge layer, and the recovered oil can be used as a burning heat source; the wastewater treatment system can quickly treat wastewater to a direct discharge standard, and simultaneously, the wastewater treatment cost is low; the process has strong operability.
Example 2:
the integrated treatment process of the oily sludge of the present example is different from that of example 1 in that:
the number of times of repeated freezing and thawing is not limited to the secondary freezing and thawing described in example 1, and can be adjusted according to the physicochemical properties of the actual oily sludge, and the melted sludge after the primary freezing and thawing is watered for secondary freezing and thawing, so that the oil content of the melted sludge is further reduced until the application requirements are met.
Other steps can be referred to example 1.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention and it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise variations of the present invention that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An integrated treatment process of oily sludge, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing and homogenizing the oily sludge, and then adding water to control the water content of the sludge to form sludge to be frozen and thawed;
s2, repeatedly freezing and thawing the sludge to be frozen and thawed, wherein three-phase separation is realized by layering of each freezing and thawing, the layered sludge enters next freezing and thawing, and a sludge melting layer, a water melting layer and an oil phase are obtained after the repeated freezing and thawing is completed;
and S3, treating the molten mud in an incineration system, treating the molten water layer in a water treatment system, and treating the oil phase in an oil purification system.
2. The integrated treatment process for oil-containing sludge according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the water content of the sludge is controlled to be 60-80%.
3. The integrated treatment process of oily sludge according to claim 2, wherein the water content of the sludge is controlled to be 68-72%.
4. The integrated oily sludge treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the repeated freezing and thawing comprises secondary freezing and thawing, and the melted sludge after the primary freezing and thawing is watered for secondary freezing and thawing.
5. The integrated oily sludge treatment process according to claim 4, wherein the freeze-thaw process conditions comprise: the freezing temperature is-25 to-5 ℃, and the freezing-thawing time is 4 to 15 hours.
6. The integrated oily sludge treatment process according to claim 5, wherein the freeze-thaw process conditions comprise: the freezing temperature is-20 to-15 ℃, and the freezing-thawing time is 8 to 10 hours.
7. The integrated treatment process of oily sludge according to claim 1, wherein the water-melting layer is treated by flocculation and electron beam irradiation in a water treatment system, the treated water is discharged after reaching standards or recycled to freeze-thaw treatment as water supply, and the solid obtained by flocculation is treated in an incineration system.
8. The integrated treatment process of oily sludge according to claim 7, wherein the process parameters of the electron beam irradiation comprise: the energy is 1.2-2.5 MeV, the current is 1-10 mA, and the irradiation time is 60-120 s.
9. The integrated treatment process of oily sludge according to claim 1, wherein the oil phase enters an oil product purification system for treatment to obtain purified oil, and the combustion heat value of the purified oil can reach 37560-39785 kJ/kg.
10. The integrated treatment process of oily sludge according to claim 9, wherein the purified oil is used for supplying energy to an incineration system, and the waste heat of the incineration system is used for defrosting and preheating of the frozen and melted mud and melted water layer.
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| CN202010564569.6A CN111747623A (en) | 2020-06-19 | 2020-06-19 | Integrated treatment process for oily sludge |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113587114A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 北京工商大学 | High-water-content oil sludge clean combustion treatment device |
| CN113680106A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-11-23 | 山东海吉雅环保设备有限公司 | Electron beam irradiation treatment process for aging oil |
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2020
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| GUANGJI HU等: "A combination of solvent extraction and freeze thaw for oil recovery from petroleum refinery wastewater treatment pond sludge", 《JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS》 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113587114A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 北京工商大学 | High-water-content oil sludge clean combustion treatment device |
| CN113680106A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-11-23 | 山东海吉雅环保设备有限公司 | Electron beam irradiation treatment process for aging oil |
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Application publication date: 20201009 |