CN111738554B - Water consumption-based mountain water Lin Tianhu grass balanced water resource allocation method for each system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of water resource allocation, and particularly relates to a water resource allocation method for balancing various systems of mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass based on water consumption. According to the method, the actual water-saving concept is fully considered, based on the characteristics of the current water consumption state of each system of the mountain and water forest Tian Hu grass and the water balance of each system, the water resource allocation module based on the water consumption is added into the WACM4.0 model, so that the water movement and the water consumption condition of each system of the mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass can be simulated and analyzed, the water consumption can be calculated, and the simulation of how to allocate the water consumption under the comprehensive treatment and water-saving policy of the mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass system enables the social and economic benefits to be maximum and the water saving quantity to be maximum, and the reasonable allocation and the actual water saving of the water resource can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water resource allocation, and particularly relates to a water resource allocation method for balancing various systems of mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass based on water consumption.
Background
The water saving is not simply to reduce leakage and the water filling quota, but to take effective measures to reduce evaporation and transpiration, namely reduce ET (water consumption), so as to realize the maximization of the water resource output efficiency. The "true" water conservation emphasizes the concept of distinguishing recoverable and non-recoverable amounts of water in traditional water conservation, and it is believed that only reducing the consumption of non-recoverable amounts of water is a true water conservation. The reasonable water resource allocation based on water consumption expands the water resource allocation to the whole water circulation range, is not limited to manual side branch circulation, and has positive significance for improving the water resource utilization efficiency, realizing 'real' water saving and promoting the sustainable utilization of water resources. In addition, the water consumption index is more convenient for checking the water saving effect and guiding practice of the configuration scheme.
The water conversion and movement process of each system of the mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass is extremely complex, and the water balance mechanism of each system is a complex dynamic process. The traditional water resource allocation method focuses on researching the balance between water supply and water consumption of a river basin or an area, lacks control on the total consumption of water resources, is unfavorable for water saving, and is difficult to adapt to the requirements of water ecological protection and water saving related policy evaluation and management in China in a new period. At present, the water-saving action planning of the country being implemented in China greatly advances the water saving in the fields of agriculture, industry, towns and the like, and the balancing and the water movement of each system of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass are influenced deeply, so that great challenges are brought to the water supply resource allocation, the water balancing and the water consumption of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass system are very necessary to be managed, the ecological protection target of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass system is considered, the water consumption is scientifically and reasonably allocated, and the purposes of optimal economic benefit and maximized water saving are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and problems that the traditional water resource allocation method is focused on researching the balance between water supply and water consumption of a river basin or an area, lacks control on the total consumption of water resources, is unfavorable for saving water and can not reflect the complex water conversion and movement process of each system of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass, the invention provides a balanced water resource allocation method of each system of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass based on water consumption.
The invention solves the technical problems by adopting the scheme that: a water consumption-based mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass system balanced water resource allocation method comprises the following steps:
dividing the land in the area according to the land utilization type in the area, and dividing the land in the area into forest land, wetland, lake, river, grassland, cultivated land, garden land, construction land, drainage canal system and unused land; respectively calculating the industrial water consumption, the living water consumption, the urban public water consumption and the water consumption of each system of the mountain water forest Tian Hu grass in the area, summing the water consumption in the calculated area, and introducing an area water balance model to calculate the water resource storage variable WB in the area; the regional water balance model is as follows:
in the formula (1): p (P) i The rainfall under the ith land use type, wherein i=1 is a woodland, i=2 is a wet land, i=3 is a lake, i=4 is a river, i=5 is a grassland, i=6 is a cultivated land, i=7 is a garden, i=8 is a construction land, and i=9 is a drainage canalI=10 is the unused ground; t (T) i The external water quantity under the ith land use type is used; ET (electric T) i The transpiration evaporation quantity ET under the ith land use type; o (O) i The outflow water amount under the ith land use type; q (Q) g Is regional industrial water consumption; q (Q) s Water consumption for regional life; q (Q) c Public water consumption is used for regional towns.
Step two, carrying out regression analysis between the water consumption and the influence factors, and calculating the water consumption by taking the predicted value of the influence factors as an input value; the influence factors comprise population, average daily water consumption, GDP, ten thousand yuan GDP water consumption, agricultural increment value, acre average water consumption of cultivated land, industrial increment value, ten thousand yuan industrial increment value water consumption, service industry increment value, ten thousand yuan service industry increment value water consumption, mountain water Lin Tianhu grass system areas, ground water level, living environment water shortage rate and ecological environment satisfaction degree; the water consumption calculation model is as follows:
Y＝β 1 +β 2 X 2 +β 3 X 3 +β 4 X 4 +…+β k X k +μ (3)
in the formula (3): y is water consumption, X 2 …X k Beta for each influencing factor 1 、β 2 …β k For parameter estimators, μ is the error term.
Wherein the groundwater level is calculated by using a groundwater ecological water level threshold control model, and the groundwater ecological water level threshold control model is as follows:
in formula (4): w (W) i j Is the groundwater threshold for the j-th plant under the i-th land use type,is the ground water level lower limit value of the j-th plant under the i-th land use type,/plant>The upper limit value of the ground water level of the j-th plant in the i-th land utilization type.
The water shortage rate of the living environment is calculated by adopting an ecological protection control target model in a river channel, and is as follows:
in formula (5): s is S l The water shortage rate of the ecological environment water demand of the section of the first section river channel is represented;the water demand of the ecological environment of the river in the section of the river in the first section of the t period is the water demand of the ecological environment of the river in the section of the river in the first section of the t period; />The water inflow of the section of the river channel at the first section of the t-th period;
the satisfaction degree of water requirement of the ecological environment of the lake/wetland is calculated by adopting the ecological protection control target in the lake wetland, and is as follows:
h in formula (6) i To meet the water requirement of the ecological environment of the lake/wetland,the ecological environment water demand of the ith lake/wetland in the t-th period; y is Y l t The incoming water volume of the ith lake/wetland in the t-th period.
Step three, calculating the real water saving amount in the area by adopting a water saving module according to the calculated water consumption in the step two, and distributing the water consumption by adopting a water consumption distribution decision model so as to realize the maximization of GDP (gas dynamic profile) in the future and the maximization of the real water saving amount; the water-saving module comprises a mountain water Lin Tianhu grass water-saving module, an industrial water-saving module, a town life water-saving module and a resident life water-saving module;
the water saving amount of each system of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass is calculated by adopting a calculation formula of a mountain water forest Tian Hu grass water saving module, and is as follows:
SET t ＝|ET t -meanET t |； (7)
SET＝∑SETt
in the formula (7): SET (SET) t For the t period of real water saving, ET t For the period t, water consumption, meanET t Average water consumption for a plurality of years in a t period; SET is the actual total water saving amount of all time periods;
the industrial water saving amount is calculated by adopting an industrial water saving module calculation formula, and is as follows:
SInd i ＝|(Hex i -HInd i )Ind i |
in formula (8): SInd i Saving water for the ith industrial industry; hex i Ten thousand yuan after the i-th industrial industry water saving policy is implemented increases the value of water consumption, HInd i Ten thousand yuan before the implementation of the water saving policy in the ith industry increases the water consumption, ind i The i-th industry increment value, SInd is the total industrial industry water saving amount (i= … n);
the calculation formula of the urban public water conservation amount is as follows:
in the formula (9): sser is public water saving amount of towns; hsep is the water consumption of the ten thousand yuan after the urban public water saving policy is implemented, hser is the water consumption of the ten thousand yuan before the urban public water saving policy is implemented, and Ser is the urban public water saving policy;
the living life movable joint water quantity calculation formula is as follows:
Shou i ＝|(Hhou i -EHhou i )Pop i |
in the formula (10): shou type i For the resident living water saving quantity, i=1 is a town resident, and i=2 is a rural resident; hhou i For the average water consumption of people after the implementation of the water saving policy, EHhou i For the average water consumption before the implementation of the water saving policy, pop i Is population number;
real water saving sw=set+sind+sser+shou;
the water consumption distribution decision model is as follows:
Cob i ＝f[maxGDP,maxSW]
in the formula (11): maxGDP is the target of GDP maximization, maxSW is the target of real water saving maximization, minS l The minimum water shortage rate of the first section river channel is minH i The lowest water satisfaction degree for the ith lake wetland.
According to the water consumption-based mountain water Lin Tianhu grass system balanced water resource allocation method, in the first step, the water consumption of each industrial industry in the area is calculated by multiplying the total water consumption of each industrial industry in the area by the water consumption rate, and the calculation formula of the water consumption of each industrial industry is as follows:
in the formula (12), the amino acid sequence of the compound,water consumption for the ith industrial industry; lambda (lambda) i Is the ith industrial water consumption rate; q (Q) y Is the ith industrial water usage, wherein the industrial water consumption is obtainable from the water resource gazette.
In the water consumption-based mountain water Lin Tianhu grass system balanced water resource allocation method, the living water consumption in the first area is equal to the living water intake minus the sewage discharged by living; the domestic water consumption comprises urban domestic water consumption and rural domestic water consumption with water supply and drainage, wherein the rural domestic water consumption with water supply and drainage estimates water consumption by a method for determining water consumption rate through typical investigation, and a calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (10), Q s Is the water consumption for life; q i Water consumption for human each day; p (P) ni Is population number; i=1 is a town resident, i=2 is a rural resident; the parameters may be obtained from water resource gazettes.
The water consumption-based mountain water Lin Tianhu grass system balanced water resource allocation method comprises the steps that in the first step, the urban public water consumption in the region is equal to the total urban public water consumption multiplied by the urban public water consumption rate,
Q cz ＝∑λ cz Qy cz (14)
q in formula (11) cz Is public water consumption of towns; lambda (lambda) cz Is the water consumption rate; qy cz Is public water consumption of towns; the town public water consumption rate is obtained by various water resource gazettes.
According to the water consumption-based mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass system balanced water resource allocation method, in the third step, the calculation of the GDP maximization is performed by a social and economic water benefit evaluation module established by a general balanced model through coupling calculation, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, calculating the water consumption complete consumption coefficients of different industries of society and economy:
in formula (15): BQ (BQ) j Is the direct consumption coefficient of water resource in the ith industry, W i For the water consumption of the ith industry, X ji Is the output value of the ith industry;
(2) Calculating the total consumption of social and economic water:
wherein: BQ is the total consumption of social and economic water;
(3) The total water consumption of the social economy is transferred to a general balance model which can be calculated through a calculation formula (16), and the general balance model can be calculated to simulate the distribution of the water consumption of each industry through production decision so as to obtain the maximum GDP.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the water resource allocation method based on the balance of the water consumption of each system of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass can simulate and analyze the water movement, the water consumption condition and the water consumption of each system of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass to be distributed in an economic system, and solves the problems that the traditional water resource allocation method focuses on researching the balance between water supply and water consumption of a river basin or a region, lacks the control of the total consumption of water resources and considers the balance of each system of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass; under the policies of comprehensive treatment and water saving of the simulated landscape Lin Tianhu grass system, multi-objective group decision configuration is carried out, ecological protection objectives of the landscape Lin Tianhu grass system are considered, the water consumption is scientifically and reasonably configured, and the purposes of optimal economic benefit and maximized water saving can be achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a water resource allocation framework for balancing various systems of mountain water Lin Tianhu grass based on water consumption.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the defects and problems that the traditional water resource allocation method is focused on researching the balance between water supply and water consumption of a river basin or an area, lacks the consideration of the control of the total consumption amount of water resources and the balance of each system of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass, is unfavorable for saving water and is difficult to adapt to the actual requirements of national water ecological protection and water saving related policy evaluation and management in a new period, the invention provides an improved water resource allocation model for the distribution of the consumed water, and adds a water balance module, an underground water ecological water level threshold control equation and an ecological protection control target equation of each system of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass in the area to calculate the consumed water; the water saving module is added, and the general equilibrium model can be calculated to be added into the social and economic water benefit evaluation module; and adding a water consumption distribution equation, and establishing a multi-objective group decision water resource allocation module, so that the water movement and water consumption conditions of each system of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass are simulated and analyzed, and the water consumption of the water resource is reasonably allocated, thereby being beneficial to real water saving.
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1: the embodiment provides a water resource allocation method for balancing various systems of mountain water Lin Tianhu grass based on water consumption, which mainly comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 1 and 2.
Dividing the land in the area according to the land utilization type in the area, dividing the land in the area into a forest land, a wetland land, a lake, a river, a grassland, a cultivated land, a garden land, a construction land, a drainage canal system and an unused land, respectively calculating the industrial water consumption, the living water consumption, the public water consumption of towns and the water consumption of each system of mountain forest Tian Hu grass in the area, summing the water consumption in the calculated area, wherein the water consumption comprises natural ET and socioeconomic water consumption (industrial water consumption, living water consumption and public water consumption of towns), and introducing an area water balance model to calculate the water resource storage variable in the area; the regional water balance model is as follows:
in the formula (1): p (P) i The rainfall amount for the i-th land use type, wherein i=1 is a woodland, i=2 is a wet land, i=3 is a lake, i=4 is a river, i=5 is a grassland, i=6 is a cultivated land, i=7 is a garden, i=8 is a construction land, i=9 is a drainage canal system, and i=10 is an unused land; t (T) i The external water quantity under the ith land use type is used; ET (electric T) i Transpiration evaporation capacity (ET) under the ith land use type; o (O) i The outflow water amount under the ith land use type; q (Q) g Is regional industrial water consumption; q (Q) s Water consumption for regional life;Q c public water consumption for regional towns; WB is regional water resource storage variable. The historic period WB may be positive, indicating that there is surplus for regional water resources; may be negative, indicating a loss of regional water resources, and in the water-deficient region, the variable is mostly negative.
Because WB is a regional water resource storage variable; when WB is zero, the zone is considered to reach water balance. T and O are exogenous variables (values needing to be calculated outside the model), P is regularly circulated under the condition that climate does not change suddenly, Q is also regularly circulated under the condition that population and socioeconomic development do not change greatly, so the main factor affecting regional water balance is ET, and the aim of ET configuration is to reduce ET so that the regional water resource utilization benefit is maximized on the premise that regional water resource storage variable WB is zero.
The method specifically comprises the following steps.
(1) Calculating the industrial water consumption of the area:
the regional industrial water consumption is calculated by multiplying the total amount of water used by each industrial industry of the region by the water consumption rate of the region;
the calculation formula of the water consumption of each industry is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,water consumption for the ith industrial industry; lambda (lambda) i Is the ith industrial water consumption rate; q (Q) y For the ith industrial water consumption, the industrial water consumption rate can be obtained according to the water resource gazette.
(2) Calculating the living water consumption of the area:
the regional living water consumption is equal to the living water intake minus the sewage discharged by living; the regional domestic water consumption comprises urban domestic water consumption and rural domestic water consumption with water supply and drainage. The urban living water consumption is mainly consumed in the forms of flushing, drinking and the like in daily life of residents. For rural areas with water supply and drainage facilities, a method for determining water consumption rate by adopting a typical investigation is adopted to estimate water consumption rate, and the following formula is adopted:
in which Q s Is the water consumption for life; q i Water consumption for human each day; p (P) ni Is population number. i=1 is a town resident, i=2 is a rural resident; the relevant parameters may be obtained from water resource gazettes.
(3) Calculating the public water consumption of regional towns:
the regional town public water consumption is equal to the total town public water consumption multiplied by the town public water consumption rate, and the town public water consumption rate is obtained by the water resource gazette.
Q cz ＝∑λ cz Qy cz (14)
Q in cz Is public water consumption of towns; lambda (lambda) cz Is the water consumption rate; qy cz Is public water consumption of towns. And the public water consumption rate of towns can be obtained according to the water resource gazettes of various places.
(4) Water consumption calculation of each system of mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass:
the WACM4.0 model is used for calculating, the WACM4.0 model divides a plain area into a plurality of calculation units (1 km multiplied by 1km square grid) according to water resource partition, water system, drainage channels and administrative area ranges, and the simulation calculation of the mountain area water circulation process is mainly used for providing boundary information of surface confluence and mountain front seepage measurement and supply for the plain area units. And extracting land utilization, soil information, hydrogeologic parameters and the like according to the determined calculation units and unit ranges to obtain the distribution areas of various land utilization types and soil types and hydrogeologic parameter partition values of each unit. And calculating the water consumption of each system of the mountain and water forest Tian Hu grass through an evaporation number module.
Step two, adding an underground water ecological water level threshold control model and an ecological protection control target model, performing a regression analysis model between the water consumption and the influence factors, and calculating the water consumption by taking the predicted value of the influence factors as an input value; wherein, the influencing factors comprise population, GDP, agriculture increment value, industry increment value, service increment value, system area of mountain water Lin Tianhu grass, groundwater level, water shortage rate of living environment and ecological environment satisfaction degree; the water consumption calculation model is as follows:
Y＝β 1 +β 2 X 2 +β 3 X 3 +β 4 X 4 +…+β k X k +μ (3)
wherein: y is water consumption, X 2 …X k Beta for each influencing factor 1 、β 2 …β k For parameter estimators, μ is the error term.
The groundwater level is calculated by adopting a groundwater ecological water level threshold control model, and is as follows:
wherein: w (W) i j Is the groundwater threshold for the j-th plant under the i-th land use type,for the lower limit value (exogenous setting) of the groundwater level of the j-th plant in the i-th land use type, for example>The upper limit value (exogenous given) of the ground water level of the jth plant under the ith land use type.
The water shortage rate of the living environment and the satisfaction degree of the ecological environment are calculated by an ecological protection control target model. The ecological protection control target model comprises an ecological protection control target model in a river channel and an ecological protection control target model in a lake wetland.
(1) The river cross section ecological environment water demand and water shortage rate is calculated by adopting a river internal ecological protection control target model, and is specifically as follows:
wherein: s is S l The water shortage rate of the ecological environment water demand of the section of the first section river channel is represented,the water demand of the ecological environment of the river in the section of the river in the first section of the t period is the water demand of the ecological environment of the river in the section of the river in the first section of the t period; y is Y l t The water inflow of the section of the river in the first section of the t period.
(2) Calculating the satisfaction degree of water requirement of the ecological environment of the lake/wetland by adopting a ecological protection control target in the lake wetland;
wherein: h i To meet the water requirement of the ecological environment of the lake/wetland,the ecological environment water demand of the ith lake/wetland in the t-th period; y is Y l t The incoming water volume of the ith lake/wetland in the t-th period.
Step three, calculating the real water saving amount in the area by adopting a water saving module according to the calculated water consumption amount in the step two, and distributing the water consumption amount by adopting a water consumption amount distribution decision model so as to realize the maximization of GDP and the maximization of the real water saving amount; the water-saving module comprises a mountain water Lin Tianhu grass water-saving module, an industrial water-saving module, a town public water-saving module and a resident life water-saving module;
1. firstly, calculating the real water saving amount in the area:
(1) The water saving amount of each system of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass is calculated by adopting a calculation formula of a mountain water forest Tian Hu grass water saving module:
SET t ＝|ET t -meanET t |
SET＝∑SET t (7)
in the formula (7): SET (SET) t For the t period of real water saving, ET t For the period t, water consumption, meanET t For the period t and the average water consumption for many years, SET is all the timeThe real total water saving amount of the segment.
(2) The industrial water saving amount is calculated by adopting an industrial water saving module calculation formula, and is as follows:
SInd i ＝(Hex i -HInd i )Ind i
in formula (8): SInd i Saving water for the ith industrial industry; hex i Ten thousand yuan after the i-th industrial industry water saving policy is implemented increases the value of water consumption, hex i Ten thousand yuan before the implementation of the water saving policy in the ith industry increases the water consumption, ind i The i-th industry increment value, SInd, is the total industrial industry water saving amount (i= … n).
(3) The town public water saving amount is calculated by adopting a town public water saving module calculation formula:
Sser＝(Hsep-Hser)Ser (9)
sser in the formula (9) is service water saving; sep is the ten thousand yuan increased water consumption after the service industry water saving policy is implemented, hser is the ten thousand yuan increased water consumption before the service industry water saving policy is implemented, and Ser is the service industry increased value.
(4) The living movable joint water quantity is calculated by adopting a resident living water-saving module calculation formula:
Shou i ＝(Hhou i -EHhou i )Pop i
in the formula (10): shou is the living water saving quantity of residents, i=1 is town residents, and i=2 is rural residents; hhou i For the average water consumption of people after the implementation of the water saving policy, EHhou i For the average water consumption before the implementation of the water saving policy, pop i Is population number.
(5) Real water saving in summing calculation area
Real water saving sw=set+sind+sser+shou;
and secondly, distributing the water consumption by adopting a water consumption distribution decision model.
The water consumption distribution decision model is as follows:
Cob i ＝f[maxGDP,maxSW]
wherein: maxGDP is the target of GDP maximization, maxSW is the target of real water saving maximization, minS l The minimum water shortage rate of the first section river channel is minH i The lowest water satisfaction degree for the ith lake wetland.
The maxGDP is calculated for the GDP maximization, and the socioeconomic water benefit evaluation module is established by coupling a general equilibrium model which can be calculated.
(1) Firstly, calculating the water consumption complete consumption coefficients of different industries of society and economy, wherein the water consumption complete consumption coefficients are as follows:
wherein: BQ (BQ) j Is the direct consumption coefficient of water resource in the ith industry, W i For the water consumption of the ith industry, X ji Is the output value of the ith industry.
(2) Calculating the total consumption of social and economic water:
wherein: BQ is the total consumption of social and economic water;
(3) The total water consumption of the society and economy is transferred to a general balance model which can be calculated through a calculation formula (16), and the general balance model (CEG) can be calculated to simulate the distribution of the water consumption of each industry through production decision so as to obtain the GDP maximization.
Example 2: taking an inner Mongolia river set irrigation area as an example, based on a real water saving theory and a distributed hydrological model-WACM 4.0 suitable for strong human activity influence, the characteristics of the current water consumption of each system of mountain water Lin Tianhu grass and the water balance of each system are considered, and a water balance module of each system of regional mountain water Lin Tianhu grass is added to calculate the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass ET of the river set irrigation area.
The WACM4.0 evaporation module mainly comprises water surface evaporation, bare land/vegetation coverage evaporation and impermeable area evaporation, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
(1) Evaporation from water surface
Calculated according to the Penman formula:
wherein R is N Is the net radiation quantity (MJ.m) -2 ·d -1 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the G is the heat flux (MJ.m) into the water -2 ·d -1 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Delta is the derivative of saturated water vapor pressure with respect to temperature (kPa DEG C -1 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the ψ is the difference between the water vapor pressure and the saturated water vapor pressure (kPa); r is (r) a Aerodynamic impedance for the evaporation surface; ρ a Air density (kg/m 3); c (C) p Specific heat of air (MJ.kg) -1 ℃ -1 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Lambda is the vaporization latent heat of water (MJ.kg) -1 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Gamma is Cp/lambda.
(2) Bare land/vegetation field evapotranspiration hair
The calculation formula is as follows:
E SV ＝Ei+Etr+Es
wherein Ei is vegetation interception evaporation capacity; etr is vegetation transpiration; es is the evaporation capacity of bare soil.
Ei is calculated as follows:
Ei＝Veg·δ·Ep
Wrmax＝0.2·Veg·LAI
δ＝(Wr/Wrmax) 2/3
wherein Veg is the vegetation area rate of bare land/vegetation area; delta is the area rate of wetted leaf surfaces; ep is the potential evaporation capacity; wr is vegetation retention water quantity; p is rainfall; rr is vegetation outflow; wr max is the maximum vegetation retention; LAI is leaf area index.
Etr was calculated using Penman:
Etr＝Veg·(1-δ)·E PM
wherein G is the heat flux transmitted into the vegetation body; r is R N Is the net radiation dose; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the r is (r) c Is plant community impedance.
Es is calculated from the modified Penman equation:
wherein beta is soil evaporation efficiency; θ is the volume water content; θ fc Is the field water holding rate; θ m The volume water content corresponding to the single molecule suction force.
(3) Evaporation in the water impermeable area
The calculation formula is as follows:
E u ＝cE u1 +(1-c)E u2
wherein E is u Is the evaporation capacity; c is the area rate of the urban building in the impermeable water area; subscript 1 denotes a metropolitan building and 2 denotes a metropolitan surface.
The underground water ecological water level threshold control equation and the ecological protection control target equation are used for calculating the water consumption, a water saving module and a water consumption distribution equation are added, and a general balance model can be calculated through coupling to establish a socioeconomic water utilization benefit evaluation module; and establishing a multi-objective group decision water resource allocation module. Modifying model codes, establishing a model database, carrying out parameter calibration and model inspection according to historical data and regression division, carrying out sensitivity analysis on model parameters, and quantitatively simulating how to distribute water consumption under the comprehensive treatment and water saving policies of the mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass system so as to maximize social and economic benefits.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A water consumption-based mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass system balanced water resource allocation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
dividing the land in the area according to the land utilization type in the area, and dividing the land in the area into forest land, wetland, lake, river, grassland, cultivated land, garden land, construction land, drainage canal system and unused land; respectively calculating the industrial water consumption, the living water consumption, the urban public water consumption and the water consumption of each system of the mountain water forest Tian Hu grass in the area, summing the water consumption in the calculated area, and introducing an area water balance model to calculate the water resource storage variable WB in the area; the regional water balance model is as follows:
in the formula (1): p (P) i The rainfall amount for the i-th land use type, wherein i=1 is a woodland, i=2 is a wet land, i=3 is a lake, i=4 is a river, i=5 is a grassland, i=6 is a cultivated land, i=7 is a garden, i=8 is a construction land, i=9 is a drainage canal system, and i=10 is an unused land; t (T) i The external water quantity under the ith land use type is used; ET (electric T) i The transpiration evaporation quantity ET under the ith land use type; o (O) i The outflow water amount under the ith land use type; q (Q) g Is regional industrial water consumption; q (Q) s Water consumption for regional life; q (Q) c Public water consumption for regional towns;
step two, carrying out regression analysis between the water consumption and the influence factors, and calculating the water consumption by taking the predicted value of the influence factors as an input value; the influence factors comprise population, average daily water consumption, GDP, ten thousand yuan GDP water consumption, agricultural increment value, acre average water consumption of cultivated land, industrial increment value, ten thousand yuan industrial increment value water consumption, service industry increment value, ten thousand yuan service industry increment value water consumption, mountain water Lin Tianhu grass system areas, ground water level, living environment water shortage rate and ecological environment satisfaction degree; the water consumption calculation model is as follows:
Y＝β 1 +β 2 X 2 +β 3 X 3 +β 4 X 4 +…ββ k X k +μ (3)
in the formula (3): y is water consumption, X 2 …X k Beta for each influencing factor 1 、β 2 …β k For parameter estimation, μ is the error term;
the groundwater level is calculated by using a groundwater ecological water level threshold control model, and the groundwater ecological water level threshold control equation is as follows:
in formula (4): w (W) i j Is the groundwater threshold for the j-th plant under the i-th land use type,is the ground water level lower limit value of the j-th plant under the i-th land use type,/plant>The upper limit value of the ground water level of the j-th plant under the i-th land utilization type;
the living environment water shortage rate is calculated by adopting an ecological protection control target model in a river channel, and is as follows:
in formula (5): s is S l The water shortage rate of the ecological environment water demand of the section of the first section river channel is represented;the water demand of the ecological environment of the river in the section of the river in the first section of the t period is the water demand of the ecological environment of the river in the section of the river in the first section of the t period; y is Y l t The water inflow of the section of the river channel at the first section of the t-th period;
the satisfaction degree of water requirement of the ecological environment of the lake/wetland is calculated by adopting the ecological protection control target in the lake wetland, and is as follows:
h in formula (6) i In order to calculate the satisfaction degree of water requirement of the ecological environment of the lake/wetland,the ecological environment water demand of the ith lake/wetland in the t-th period; y is Y l t The incoming water amount of the ith lake/wetland in the t-th period;
step three, calculating the real water saving amount in the area by adopting a water saving module according to the calculated water consumption in the step two, and distributing the water consumption by adopting a water consumption distribution decision model so as to realize the maximization of GDP (gas dynamic profile) in the future and the maximization of the real water saving amount; the water-saving module comprises a mountain water Lin Tianhu grass water-saving module, an industrial water-saving module, a town life water-saving module and a resident life water-saving module;
the water saving amount of each system of the mountain water Lin Tianhu grass is calculated by adopting a calculation formula of a mountain water forest Tian Hu grass water saving module, and is as follows:
SET t ＝|ET t -meanET t |； (7)
SET＝∑SETt
in the formula (7):SET t for the t period of real water saving, ET t For the period t, water consumption, meanET t Average water consumption for a plurality of years in a t period; SET is the actual total water saving amount of all time periods;
the industrial water saving amount is calculated by adopting an industrial water saving module calculation formula, and is as follows:
SInd i ＝|(Hex i -HInd i )Ind i |
in formula (8): SInd i Saving water for the ith industrial industry; hex i Ten thousand yuan after the i-th industrial industry water saving policy is implemented increases the value of water consumption, HInd i Ten thousand yuan before the implementation of the water saving policy in the ith industry increases the water consumption, ind i The i-th industry increment value, SInd is the total industrial industry water saving amount (i= … n);
the calculation formula of the urban public water conservation amount is as follows:
in the formula (9): sser is public water saving amount of towns; hsep is the water consumption of the ten thousand yuan after the urban public water saving policy is implemented, hser is the water consumption of the ten thousand yuan before the urban public water saving policy is implemented, and Ser is the urban public water saving policy;
the living life movable joint water quantity calculation formula is as follows:
Shou i ＝|(Hhou i -EHhou i )Pop i |
in the formula (10): shou type i For the resident living water saving quantity, i=1 is a town resident, and i=2 is a rural resident; hhou i For the average water consumption of people after the implementation of the water saving policy, EHhou i Before the water saving policy is implementedWater consumption per person, pop i Is population number;
real water saving sw=set+sind+sser+shou;
the water consumption distribution decision model is as follows:
Cob i ＝f[maxGDP,maxSW]
in the formula (11): maxGDP is the target of GDP maximization, maxSW is the target of real water saving maximization, minS l The minimum water shortage rate of the first section river channel is minH i The lowest water satisfaction degree for the ith lake wetland.
2. The water consumption-based mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass system balance water resource allocation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the water consumption of each industrial industry in the first area is calculated by multiplying the total water consumption of each industrial industry in the area by the water consumption rate, and the calculation formula of the water consumption of each industrial industry is as follows:
in the formula (12), the amino acid sequence of the compound,water consumption for the ith industrial industry; lambda (lambda) i Is the ith industrial water consumption rate; q (Q) y Is the ith industrial water usage, wherein the industrial water consumption is obtainable from the water resource gazette.
3. The water consumption-based mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass system balance water resource allocation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: step one, the living water consumption in the middle area is equal to the living water intake minus the sewage discharged by living; the domestic water consumption comprises urban domestic water consumption and rural domestic water consumption with water supply and drainage, wherein the rural domestic water consumption with water supply and drainage estimates water consumption by a method for determining water consumption rate through typical investigation, and a calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula (13), Q s Is the water consumption for life; q i Water consumption for human each day; p (P) ni Is population number; i=1 is a town resident, i=2 is a rural resident; the parameters may be obtained from water resource gazettes.
4. The water consumption-based mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass system balance water resource allocation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: step one, the urban public water consumption in the middle area is equal to the total urban public water consumption multiplied by the urban public water consumption rate,
Q cz ＝∑λ cz Qy cz (14)
q in (14) cz Is public water consumption of towns; lambda (lambda) cz Is the water consumption rate; qy cz For town public water consumption, the town public water consumption rate is obtained by various water resource gazettes.
5. The water consumption-based mountain and water Lin Tianhu grass system balance water resource allocation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the calculation of the GDP maximization in the third step is carried out by a socioeconomic water benefit evaluation module established by a general equilibrium model which can be calculated through coupling, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, calculating direct consumption coefficients of water resources in different industries of society and economy:
in formula (15): BQ (BQ) j Is the direct consumption coefficient of water resource in the ith industry, W i For the water consumption of the ith industry, X ji Is the output value of the ith industry;
(2) Calculating the total consumption of social and economic water:
wherein: BQ is the total consumption of social and economic water;
(3) The total water consumption of the social economy is transferred to a general balance model which can be calculated through a calculation formula (16), and the general balance model can be calculated to simulate the distribution of the water consumption of each industry through production decision so as to obtain the maximum GDP.
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