CN111735691A - Oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device during oil shale temperature-changing pyrolysis - Google Patents
Oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device during oil shale temperature-changing pyrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN111735691A CN111735691A CN202010798581.3A CN202010798581A CN111735691A CN 111735691 A CN111735691 A CN 111735691A CN 202010798581 A CN202010798581 A CN 202010798581A CN 111735691 A CN111735691 A CN 111735691A
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- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000974 shear rheometry Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 124
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N7/00—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
- G01N7/14—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference
- G01N7/16—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference by heating the material
Abstract
The invention provides an oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device during temperature-changing pyrolysis of oil shale, which comprises a supporting rack, a clamping mechanism, a heating mechanism, a collecting mechanism, a horizontal direction loading mechanism and a vertical direction loading mechanism, wherein the clamping mechanism is used for placing a rock sample to be tested in the clamping mechanism through vertically symmetrical shear boxes, the heating mechanism is used for realizing conductive heating by attaching electric heating sheets on the surface of the clamping mechanism, and controlling output electric energy through a control power supply so as to adjust the heating temperature, so that the temperature-changing pyrolysis of the rock sample is realized, upper and lower telescopic collecting boxes of the collecting mechanism are respectively arranged on one sides of the upper and lower shear boxes so as to realize the collection of oil liquid and oil gas generated by the temperature-changing pyrolyzed rock sample, the vertical direction loading mechanism is arranged at the top of the upper shear box, and the horizontal direction loading mechanism is. The rheological shear test device can realize rheological shear test under the condition of variable-temperature pyrolysis of the oil shale and collect oil gas generated by the variable-temperature pyrolysis of the oil shale.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil shale shear rheology test, and particularly relates to an oil gas acquisition and thermal coupling shear rheology test device during temperature-changing pyrolysis of oil shale.
Background
The oil shale is used as an important petroleum alternative energy with huge reserves, and has wide prospects in development and utilization in the future. Oil shale is exploited by pyrolyzing the oil shale at high temperature and collecting generated oil gas, but due to the overflow of the oil gas and the change of the mechanical properties of rocks after the pyrolysis of the oil shale, a series of engineering geological problems such as ground settlement, ground collapse, ground cracks and the like can be caused, and sufficient attention needs to be paid.
The engineering geology problem is closely related to the rheological characteristics of the rock, and when the rheological characteristics of the oil shale are researched, in order to obtain an accurate test result, the influence of temperature on the rheological characteristics needs to be considered.
In the prior art, shear rheology testing devices are numerous, but temperature factors are rarely considered, few devices added with a heating device cannot reach the pyrolysis temperature of the oil shale above 400 ℃, the thermal coupling shear rheology test of the oil shale cannot be carried out, in addition, oil liquid and oil gas can be generated due to the pyrolysis of the oil shale, and the existing conventional device cannot collect the oil liquid and the oil gas generated in the temperature-changing pyrolysis of the oil shale.
In the prior art, a shear rheological device mostly adopts a pulley weight pressurization mode, and although constant shear stress can be applied, the weight of the weight is limited, so that a larger load cannot be provided; and a jack is adopted to apply shearing force to part of the shearing rheological devices, so that the effective control of applied load is difficult to ensure. Moreover, the existing shear rheological device mostly adopts a manual handheld dial indicator or a dial indicator for measuring the shear displacement, and errors are easily caused by human factors during recording.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the oil gas acquisition and thermal power coupling shearing rheological test device during the temperature-changing pyrolysis of the oil shale, which can realize intelligent regulation and control of shearing force and recording of shearing displacement, can also realize collection of oil liquid and oil gas generated by the temperature-changing pyrolysis of the oil shale, and realizes rheological shearing test under the temperature-changing pyrolysis condition.
The oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device during the temperature-changing pyrolysis of the oil shale, wherein the testing device consists of a supporting rack, a clamping mechanism, a heating mechanism, a collecting mechanism, a horizontal loading mechanism and a vertical loading mechanism;
the clamping mechanism is formed by an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box which are hollow and made of metal materials and are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical mode, a rock sample to be tested is installed in a rock sample installation groove formed in the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box correspondingly, a gap is reserved between the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box, and a liquid oil hole is formed in the bottom of the rock sample installation groove of the lower shearing box;
the heating mechanism is formed by electrically connecting a control power supply and electric heating sheets, the electric heating sheets are distributed on the inner sides of the hollow cavities of the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box, the electric heating sheets are electrified and heated by electric energy output by the control power supply, and the heating temperature change of the electric heating sheets is realized by adjusting the electric energy output by the control power supply;
the collecting mechanism consists of an upper telescopic collecting box, an upper partition plate, a lower telescopic collecting box and a lower partition plate;
the upper telescopic collecting box is fixedly connected with the right end of the upper shearing box, the upper partition plate is installed on the inner side of the upper telescopic collecting box in a sliding and sealing mode, and the bottom of the upper partition plate is fixedly connected with the top of the lower shearing box, so that a relatively sealed upper collecting cavity is formed among the outer end face of the upper shearing box, the outer end face of the upper telescopic collecting box, the upper partition plate, the top plate and the side plate of the upper telescopic collecting box and the top face of the lower shearing box, which correspond to each other;
the lower telescopic collecting box is fixedly connected with the left end of the lower shearing box, the lower partition plate is installed on the inner side of the lower telescopic collecting box in a sliding and sealing mode, and the bottom of the lower partition plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper shearing box, so that a relatively sealed lower collecting cavity is formed among the outer end face of the lower shearing box corresponding to the lower telescopic collecting box, the lower partition plate, the bottom plate and the side plate of the lower telescopic collecting box and the bottom face of the upper shearing box;
the lower end of the outer end surface of the lower shearing box corresponding to the lower telescopic collecting box is provided with an oil hole;
in the horizontal direction loading mechanism, a servo motor is in driving connection with a ball screw pair, a linear displacement output end of the ball screw pair is pressed against a force sensor arranged on the end face of an upper telescopic collection box, a horizontal load is applied to an upper shearing box through the upper telescopic collection box, so that horizontal shearing force is applied to a rock sample to be measured, a laser receiving plate is further arranged on the end face of the upper telescopic collection box, a laser displacement sensor is arranged at a position horizontally opposite to the laser receiving plate, and the laser displacement sensor and the force sensor respectively detect a horizontal load signal applied to the end face of the upper telescopic collection box and a horizontal displacement signal of the upper telescopic collection box and respectively send the detected signals to an electronic computer;
in the vertical direction loading mechanism, a pressure oil pump is connected with a jack through an oil way, the top pressure end of the jack vertically acts on the upper surface of an upper shearing box through a pressure plate, the bottom surface of the pressure plate is connected with the upper surface of the upper shearing box through a rolling shaft in a sliding contact manner, and a pressure gauge is installed on the pressure oil pump.
Further, the support stand includes: the bearing platform, the fixing unit and the counter-force bracket;
the fixing unit is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing platform to realize horizontal limiting of the lower shearing box and the lower telescopic collecting box;
the counter-force support is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing platform, the jack is installed on the counter-force support, and the laser displacement sensor is hung on the counter-force support through a steel rope.
Further, the electric heating plate has nine, wherein, five electric heating plates respectively paste and install four groove side faces and the inboard of a flute top face of mounting groove on the box rock specimen of last shearing, four electric heating plates respectively paste and install four groove side faces inboard of mounting groove under the box rock specimen of shearing down in addition.
Further, a gap distance between the upper cutting box and the lower cutting box is 0.5 cm.
Further, the electric heating plate adopts an electric ceramic heating plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device during the temperature-changing pyrolysis of the oil shale is characterized in that an electric ceramic heating sheet is additionally arranged in a shear box, and a power supply is controlled to supply electric energy to the electric ceramic heating sheet, so that the change range of the environmental temperature in the shear box is from normal temperature to 800 ℃, and therefore, the shear test under the pyrolysis condition of the oil shale can be realized at any temperature in the temperature range from normal temperature to 800 ℃.
2. According to the oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device during temperature-changing pyrolysis of the oil shale, the oil liquid collection device is designed on the outer side of the shear box, oil liquid and oil gas generated by pyrolysis of the oil shale flow into the lower shear box in the whole experiment process and flow into the oil liquid collection device through the pore channel on the side surface of the lower shear box, and the oil liquid and the oil gas oil generated in the shearing process are collected.
3. The oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device during the temperature-changing pyrolysis of the oil shale can collect the fed back real-time horizontal shear force through a small-sized force sensor by a computer in the process of carrying out the thermal coupling direct shear rheology test of the oil shale, intelligently regulate and control a control signal output to a servo motor, further control the horizontal shear force finally applied to a shear box by controlling the output of the servo motor, stabilize the horizontal shear force at a target value, record the shear displacement in real time through a laser displacement sensor, and draw a curve of the relation between strain and time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil-gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device during temperature-variable pyrolysis of oil shale according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of electrical connections of a shear box in the oil-gas collection and thermal-mechanical coupling shear rheology testing apparatus for temperature-varying pyrolysis of oil shale according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a lower shear box in the oil-gas collection and thermal-mechanical coupling shear rheology testing apparatus for temperature-varying pyrolysis of oil shale according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a platen sliding roller in the oil-gas collection and thermal-mechanical coupling shear rheology testing apparatus for temperature-varying pyrolysis of oil shale according to the present invention;
1-bearing platform, 2-fixing device, 3-counterforce support,
4-an upper shearing box, 5-a lower shearing box, 6-an upper telescopic collecting box,
7-a lower telescopic collection box, 8-a clapboard, 9-an electric heating sheet,
10-lead, 11-control power supply, 12-pressure plate,
13-sliding roller, 14-normal jack, 15-pressure oil pump,
16-a pressure gauge, 17-a servo motor, 18-a ball screw pair,
19-cables, 20-electronic computers, 21-pads,
22-force sensor, 23-laser displacement sensor, 24-laser receiving plate,
25-steel ropes, 26-lower partition plates, 27-oil shale rock samples,
28-upper collection chamber, 29-lower collection chamber.
Detailed Description
For clearly and completely describing the technical scheme and the specific working process thereof, the specific implementation mode of the invention is as follows by combining the attached drawings of the specification:
as shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses an oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device during temperature-changing pyrolysis of oil shale, comprising: the device comprises a support rack, a clamping mechanism, a heating mechanism, a collecting mechanism, a horizontal loading mechanism and a vertical loading mechanism.
The support rack is a mounting base body of the testing device, and comprises: the device comprises a bearing platform 1, a fixing unit 2 and a counter-force support 3, wherein the bearing platform 1 is a platform with a horizontal plane surface, and the fixing unit 2 is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing platform 1 and used for being fixed on two sides of a fixed part to be clamped so as to realize horizontal limiting of the fixed part to be clamped; the reaction support 3 is a cuboid support which is formed by fixedly building a plurality of sectional materials, the reaction support 3 is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing platform 1 and covers the upper part of the fixing unit 2, and an installation space is formed between the reaction support 3 and the fixing unit 2 and used for installing other components.
The clamping machine constructs and is used for installing the oil shale rock specimen 27 that awaits measuring, includes: the device comprises an upper shearing box 4 and a lower shearing box 5, wherein the lower shearing box 5 is arranged on the upper surface of a bearing platform 1, the right side of the lower shearing box 5 realizes horizontal fixing and limiting through a fixing unit 2, the lower shearing box 5 is of a hollow structure formed by welding metal plates, and the top of the lower shearing box 5 is provided with a concave rock sample lower mounting groove; the upper shearing box 4 is arranged right above the lower shearing box 5, the upper shearing box 4 is of a hollow structure formed by welding metal plates, an upper concave rock sample upper mounting groove is formed in the bottom of the upper shearing box 4, the rock sample upper mounting groove and the rock sample lower mounting groove are symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction, and as shown in fig. 4, the bottom of the rock sample lower mounting groove is provided with liquid oil holes distributed in an array manner; the upper shearing box 4 and the lower shearing box 5 are both made of stainless steel; the oil shale rock samples to be tested 27 length x width x height dimensions are: 5cm x 10cm, the rock specimen go up the mounting groove with the inslot size of mounting groove and oil shale rock specimen 27 size phase-match under the rock specimen, the upper portion and the lower part of oil shale rock specimen 27 are arranged in respectively on the rock specimen in mounting groove and the mounting groove under the rock specimen, and leave 0.5 cm's distance between the box 4 bottom of the last shearing after installation oil shale rock specimen 27 and the box 5 top of cuting down, make the top of oil shale rock specimen 27 support on the slot top surface of mounting groove on the rock specimen, the bottom of oil shale rock specimen 27 supports on the tank bottom surface of mounting groove under the rock specimen, in order to ensure when follow-up vertical direction load of exerting, the load can be fully exerted on oil shale rock specimen 27 through the last shearing box.
The heating mechanism is used for heating the oil shale rock sample 27 in the clamping mechanism, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, and comprises: the device comprises a control power supply 11, a lead 10 and electric heating sheets 9, wherein the electric heating sheets 9 comprise nine electric heating sheets, five electric heating sheets 9 are respectively attached to the inner sides of four groove side surfaces and one groove top surface of a rock sample upper mounting groove, namely the electric heating sheets 9 are respectively attached to the inner surfaces of the four groove side surfaces and the one groove top surface of the rock sample upper mounting groove, the outer surfaces of the four groove side surfaces and the one groove top surface of the rock sample upper mounting groove are matched with an oil shale rock sample 27 to be tested, in addition, four electric heating sheets 9 are respectively attached to the inner sides of the four groove side surfaces of a rock sample lower mounting groove, namely the electric heating sheets 9 are respectively attached to the inner surfaces of the four groove side surfaces of the rock sample lower mounting groove, and the outer surfaces of the four groove side surfaces and the one groove bottom surface of the rock sample lower mounting groove are matched with the oil shale rock sample 27 to be tested; the electric heating sheets 9 are respectively and electrically connected with the corresponding control power supply 11 through leads to realize electric conduction and heat generation; the electric heating plate 9 conducts electricity and generates heat under the power supply of the control power supply 11, and conducts heat through the side walls of the heat-conducting metal plates of the rock sample upper mounting groove of the upper shearing box 4 and the rock sample lower mounting groove of the lower shearing box 5, so that the oil shale rock sample 27 on the inner side of the electric heating plate is heated; the electric heating sheet 9 is a high-temperature ceramic heating sheet, the highest heating temperature can reach 800 ℃, electric energy is supplied to the electric ceramic heating sheet through a control power supply, the change range of the environmental temperature in the shearing box is from normal temperature to 800 ℃, and therefore, the shearing test under the oil shale pyrolysis condition at any temperature in the temperature range from normal temperature to 800 ℃ can be realized.
The mechanism of collecting is used for collecting the oil liquid and the oil gas that the pyrolysis of the oil shale rock sample 27 of awaiting measuring produced, includes: an upper telescopic collection box 6, an upper partition plate 8, a lower telescopic collection box 7 and a lower partition plate 26;
the upper telescopic collecting box 6 is correspondingly arranged at the right end of the upper shearing box 4, the bottom of the upper telescopic collecting box 6 is provided with an opening, and the left end part of the upper telescopic collecting box 6 is fixedly connected with the right end part of the upper shearing box 4 to realize force transmission; the upper partition plate 8 is vertically arranged in the upper telescopic collection box 6, the top edge of the upper partition plate 8 is in sliding sealing connection with the top of the inner side of the upper telescopic collection box 6, the bottom of the upper partition plate 8 is fixedly connected with the top of the lower shearing box 5, so that a relatively sealed upper collection chamber 28 is formed among the outer end faces of the upper shearing box 4 corresponding to the upper telescopic collection box 6, the top plate and the side plate of the upper telescopic collection box 8, the top plate and the side plate of the upper telescopic collection box 6 and the top surface of the lower shearing box 5, oil and oil gas generated by pyrolysis of oil shale rock samples 27 in the upper shearing box 4 and the lower shearing box 5 flow into a gap between the upper shearing box 4 and the lower shearing box 5 and are isolated from the outside through the upper collection chamber 28, and partial oil and oil gas are collected;
the lower telescopic collecting box 7 is correspondingly arranged at the left end of the lower shearing box 5, the left side of the lower telescopic collecting box 7 is horizontally fixed and limited through the fixing unit 2, the top of the lower telescopic collecting box 7 is opened, the lower partition plate 26 is vertically arranged in the lower telescopic collecting box 7, the bottom edge of the lower partition plate 26 is connected with the bottom of the inner side of the lower telescopic collecting box 7 in a sliding and sealing manner, the top of the lower partition plate 26 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper shearing box 4, so that a relatively sealed lower collecting cavity 29 is formed among the outer end surface of the lower shearing box 5 corresponding to the lower telescopic collecting box 7, the lower partition plate 26, the bottom plate and the side plate of the lower telescopic collecting box 7 and the bottom surface of the upper shearing box 4, and a liquid oil hole is formed below the left end surface of the lower shearing box 5; the oil and the oil gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil shale rock sample 27 in the upper shearing box 4 and the lower shearing box 5 can partially flow into the lower collection chamber 29 from the gap between the upper shearing box 4 and the lower shearing box 5, and the other part flows into the inner cavity of the lower shearing box 5 from the oil hole at the bottom of the rock sample lower mounting groove, flows into the lower collection chamber 29 from the oil hole formed in the left side wall of the lower shearing box 5, so that the partial oil and the partial oil gas are collected.
The vertical direction loading mechanism is used for applying a vertical direction load to the oil shale rock sample 27 to be tested, and comprises: the device comprises a pressing plate 12, a sliding roller 13, a normal jack 14, a pressurizing oil pump 15 and a pressure gauge 16, wherein the pressurizing oil pump 15 is connected with an oil inlet pipeline of the normal jack 14, a shell of the normal jack 14 is installed on the counter-force support 3, a jacking end of the normal jack 14 is fixedly connected with the top of the pressing plate 12, the pressing plate 12 is located right above the upper shearing box 4, the pressurizing oil pump 15 pumps hydraulic oil into the pipeline and inputs the hydraulic oil into the normal jack 14 through the pipeline to control the jacking end of the normal jack 14 to extend downwards to drive the pressing plate 12 to move downwards, so that a vertical load is applied to the upper shearing box 4 downwards, and the vertical load is indirectly transmitted to an oil shale sample 27 to be tested; as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the sliding roller 13 is mounted at the bottom of the pressure plate 12, and the pressure plate is connected with the top of the upper shear box 4 through the sliding roller 13 in a sliding contact manner, so that the vertical load can still be transmitted to the upper shear box 4 through the pressure plate 12 during the horizontal movement of the upper shear box 4 under the action of an external force; the pressure gauge 16 is installed on the pressure oil pump 15 and used for detecting the pressure of hydraulic oil output by the pressure oil pump 15, and further detecting the load applied to the oil shale rock sample 27 in the vertical direction.
The horizontal direction loading mechanism is used for applying a horizontal direction shearing load to the oil shale rock sample 27 to be tested, and comprises: a servo motor 17, a ball screw pair 18, a cable 19, an electronic computer 20, a backing plate 21, a force sensor 22, a laser displacement sensor 23, a laser receiving plate 24 and a steel rope 25;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the force sensor 22 is a small load cell, and the force sensor 22 is installed below the outer surface of the right side wall of the upper telescopic collection box 6; the ball screw pair 18 is horizontally arranged and installed on the upper surface of the fixing unit 2 through a backing plate 21, so that the linear displacement output end of the ball screw pair 18 is opposite to a force sensor 22 installed on the outer surface of the right side wall of the upper telescopic collecting box 6; the servo motor 17 is supported and installed on the base plate 21 through a motor support, an output shaft of the servo motor 17 is in transmission connection with the end part of a lead screw of the ball screw pair 18 through a synchronous belt transmission assembly, and the lead screw of the ball screw pair 18 is driven to synchronously rotate through the servo motor 17; a screw nut of the ball screw pair 18 moves horizontally and linearly along the axial direction under the rotation drive of a screw, a push rod is horizontally and fixedly connected onto the screw nut, the push rod is horizontally arranged, one end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the screw nut, and the other end of the push rod is suspended and is used as a linear displacement output end of the ball screw pair 18 to be pressed against a force sensor 22 arranged on the outer surface of the right side wall of the upper telescopic collection box 6; the end part of the push rod is pressed against the force sensor 22, under the driving of the servo motor 17, the ball screw pair 18 converts the rotary motion into horizontal linear motion, under the transmission of the ball screw pair 18, the end part of the push rod moves outwards, a horizontal load is applied to the right side wall of the upper telescopic collection box 6, the upper telescopic collection box 6 transmits the horizontal load to the upper shearing box 4, under the condition that the lower shearing box 5 is fixed, the upper shearing box 4 and the lower shearing box 5 realize that a horizontal shearing force is applied to the oil shale rock sample 27 to be tested along with the horizontal leftward movement of the upper shearing box 4 under the action of the upper telescopic collection box 6, and meanwhile, the force sensor 22 detects the horizontal load applied to the upper telescopic collection box 6 by the push rod, namely detects the shearing force applied to the oil shale rock sample 27;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the laser receiving plate 24 is mounted above the outer surface of the right side wall of the upper telescopic collection box 6; the laser displacement sensor 23 is hung on the counter force bracket 3 through a steel rope 25, the laser displacement sensor 23 and the laser receiving plate 24 are on the same horizontal plane, and the laser displacement sensor 23 is right opposite to the laser receiving plate 24; along with the horizontal leftward movement of the upper shearing box 4 under the action of the upper telescopic collecting box 6, the laser displacement sensor 23 detects the horizontal displacement of the upper telescopic collecting box 6 through detecting and installing the distance between the laser receiving plates 24 on the outer surface of the right side wall of the upper telescopic collecting box 6, and then the shearing displacement of the oil shale rock sample 27 along with the horizontal movement of the upper shearing box 4 is detected.
The signal acquisition output ends of the force sensor 22 and the laser displacement sensor 23 are respectively in signal connection with the signal receiving end of the electronic computer 20, so that the shearing force actually applied to the oil shale rock sample 27 and the shearing displacement of the oil shale rock sample 27 by the electronic computer 20 are realized; the control signal of the electronic computer 20 is connected with the control signal of the control end of the servo motor 17, the electronic computer 20 collects the feedback real-time shearing force through the force sensor 22, intelligently regulates and controls the control signal output to the servo motor 17, and controls the shearing force finally applied to the oil shale rock sample 27 by controlling the output of the servo motor 17, so that the shearing force is stabilized at a target value.
The working process of the oil gas acquisition and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device during the temperature-changing pyrolysis of the oil shale is explained as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, when a direct shear test is performed, the upper shear box 4 and the lower shear box 5 are taken out from the front, an oil shale rock sample 27 is placed, the upper shear box 4 and the lower shear box 5 are aligned, and then placed on the bearing platform 1, the normal jack 14 is installed on the reaction force bracket 3, the pressing plate 12 is placed on the upper shear box 4, the target temperature is adjusted at the control power supply 11 according to the test requirement, the oil shale rock sample 27 is heated through the electric heating sheet 9, after the temperature is stabilized for one minute, the target vertical direction load is applied through the pressurizing oil pump 15, then the output of the servo motor 17 is controlled through the electronic computer 20, the horizontal direction load is applied through the rolling screw pair 18, the horizontal thrust and the horizontal displacement are fed back to the electronic computer 20 through the force sensor 22 and the laser displacement sensor 23, the horizontal thrust is converted into the shear stress, and then a shear stress and shear displacement curve are generated, until the end of the test
Controlling variables during the implementation of the direct shear test, applying loads in different vertical directions at the same temperature to carry out the test, drawing a shear stress-normal stress diagram, and finally obtaining the shear strength parameter at the temperature; in addition, direct shear tests under the oil shale pyrolysis condition can be respectively carried out at the temperature of between normal temperature and 800 ℃ and at intervals of 100 ℃.
As shown in fig. 1, when the shear rheological test under pyrolysis of oil shale is performed, it is different from the direct shear test in that: firstly, a vertical direction loading mechanism applies a vertical direction load to an oil shale rock sample 27 at normal temperature, the electronic computer 20 controls the servo motor 17 to apply horizontal direction pressure, meanwhile, the electronic computer 20 collects feedback pressure through the force sensor 22 to adjust the servo motor 17, so that the horizontal direction pressure (shearing force) is stabilized at a target value, in the test process, the laser displacement sensor 23 transmits the detected horizontal displacement to the electronic computer 20 through a cable, after the horizontal displacement (shearing displacement) is observed to be stabilized, the temperature is raised to 100 ℃, the shearing force is kept unchanged, the oil shale shearing displacement is continuously observed, after the shearing displacement is stabilized, the temperature is continuously raised to 200 ℃, the steps are the same, and so on, when the temperature reaches 800 ℃, the test is finished when the shearing displacement is observed to be stabilized, the shearing displacement is changed along with time to generate a curve on a computer interface, the rheological law of the oil shale under the thermal coupling can be analyzed.
In the above test process, oil and oil gas generated by the pyrolysis of the oil shale can flow into the collecting mechanism, so that the collection of the oil and the oil gas is realized.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. Oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing arrangement during oil shale alternating temperature pyrolysis, its characterized in that:
the testing device consists of a supporting rack, a clamping mechanism, a heating mechanism, a collecting mechanism, a horizontal loading mechanism and a vertical loading mechanism;
the clamping mechanism is formed by an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box which are hollow and made of metal materials and are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical mode, a rock sample to be tested is installed in a rock sample installation groove formed in the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box correspondingly, a gap is reserved between the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box, and a liquid oil hole is formed in the bottom of the rock sample installation groove of the lower shearing box;
the heating mechanism is formed by electrically connecting a control power supply and electric heating sheets, the electric heating sheets are distributed on the inner sides of the hollow cavities of the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box, the electric heating sheets are electrified and heated by electric energy output by the control power supply, and the heating temperature change of the electric heating sheets is realized by adjusting the electric energy output by the control power supply;
the collecting mechanism consists of an upper telescopic collecting box, an upper partition plate, a lower telescopic collecting box and a lower partition plate;
the upper telescopic collecting box is fixedly connected with the right end of the upper shearing box, the upper partition plate is installed on the inner side of the upper telescopic collecting box in a sliding and sealing mode, and the bottom of the upper partition plate is fixedly connected with the top of the lower shearing box, so that a relatively sealed upper collecting cavity is formed among the outer end face of the upper shearing box, the outer end face of the upper telescopic collecting box, the upper partition plate, the top plate and the side plate of the upper telescopic collecting box and the top face of the lower shearing box, which correspond to each other;
the lower telescopic collecting box is fixedly connected with the left end of the lower shearing box, the lower partition plate is installed on the inner side of the lower telescopic collecting box in a sliding and sealing mode, and the bottom of the lower partition plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper shearing box, so that a relatively sealed lower collecting cavity is formed among the outer end face of the lower shearing box corresponding to the lower telescopic collecting box, the lower partition plate, the bottom plate and the side plate of the lower telescopic collecting box and the bottom face of the upper shearing box;
the lower end of the outer end surface of the lower shearing box corresponding to the lower telescopic collecting box is provided with an oil hole;
in the horizontal direction loading mechanism, a servo motor is in driving connection with a ball screw pair, a linear displacement output end of the ball screw pair is pressed against a force sensor arranged on the end face of an upper telescopic collection box, a horizontal load is applied to an upper shearing box through the upper telescopic collection box, so that horizontal shearing force is applied to a rock sample to be measured, a laser receiving plate is further arranged on the end face of the upper telescopic collection box, a laser displacement sensor is arranged at a position horizontally opposite to the laser receiving plate, and the laser displacement sensor and the force sensor respectively detect a horizontal load signal applied to the end face of the upper telescopic collection box and a horizontal displacement signal of the upper telescopic collection box and respectively send the detected signals to an electronic computer;
in the vertical direction loading mechanism, a pressure oil pump is connected with a jack through an oil way, the top pressure end of the jack vertically acts on the upper surface of an upper shearing box through a pressure plate, the bottom surface of the pressure plate is connected with the upper surface of the upper shearing box through a rolling shaft in a sliding contact manner, and a pressure gauge is installed on the pressure oil pump.
2. The oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device for oil shale temperature-changing pyrolysis of claim 1, wherein:
the support stand includes: the bearing platform, the fixing unit and the counter-force bracket;
the fixing unit is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing platform to realize horizontal limiting of the lower shearing box and the lower telescopic collecting box;
the counter-force support is fixed on the upper surface of the bearing platform, the jack is arranged on the counter-force support, and the laser displacement sensor is hung on the counter-force support through a steel rope;
the servo motor and the ball screw assembly are mounted on the upper surface of the fixing unit through a base plate.
3. The oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device for oil shale temperature-changing pyrolysis of claim 1, wherein:
the electric heating piece has nine, and wherein, five electric heating pieces are respectively the inboard of four groove side faces and a flute top face of installation groove on last shearing box rock specimen of uniform installation, and four electric heating pieces are respectively the inboard of four groove side faces of installation groove under the box rock specimen of shearing down in addition.
4. The oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device for oil shale temperature-changing pyrolysis of claim 1, wherein:
the gap distance left between the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box is 0.5 cm.
5. The oil gas collection and thermal coupling shear rheology testing device for oil shale temperature-changing pyrolysis of claim 1, wherein:
the electric heating plate is an electric ceramic heating plate.
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