CN111733794A - Method for determining safe thickness of side wall of karst area of foundation pit and grouting device - Google Patents
Method for determining safe thickness of side wall of karst area of foundation pit and grouting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111733794A CN111733794A CN202010531608.2A CN202010531608A CN111733794A CN 111733794 A CN111733794 A CN 111733794A CN 202010531608 A CN202010531608 A CN 202010531608A CN 111733794 A CN111733794 A CN 111733794A
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- karst area
- karst
- side wall
- water
- foundation pit
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining the safe thickness of a side wall of a karst area of a foundation pit, which comprises the steps of determining the length m of the side wall of the foundation pit, influenced by the karst area, the length n of the karst area and the steel supporting force F of the side wall of the foundation pit1Air pressure F2And karst water pressure F3(ii) a Calculating the axial displacement, potential energy and safe thickness of the side wall of the karst area according to an elastic-plastic theory, an energy conservation theory and a mutation theory; the invention also discloses a grouting device for the karst area of the foundation pit, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a metal net, a water stop plate, a grouting pipe, a water pumping pipe and a one-way communication device; the method can quickly eliminate the risk of water gushing in the karst area of the foundation pit, solves the problems of difficult slurry injection, karst water suck-back and the like in construction, realizes the plugging of the karst area, saves the engineering investment and ensures the construction safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of foundation pit construction grouting, in particular to a method for determining the safe thickness of a side wall of a karst area of a foundation pit and a grouting device.
Background
When a karst area foundation pit is excavated, karst water is extremely unevenly distributed and is difficult to detect, water inrush accidents are extremely easy to happen when the foundation pit is excavated, if the specific position and area of the karst water distribution cannot be detected during excavation, and under the condition that effective protection measures are not taken for a water inrush opening, a construction site is often submerged, machines and tools are destroyed, equipment and personnel accidents are caused, the construction period is delayed, and the engineering investment is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for determining the safe thickness of a side wall of a karst area of a foundation pit, which aims to overcome the technical problem.
The invention provides a method for determining the safe thickness of a side wall of a karst area of a foundation pit, which comprises the following steps:
s1: determining the length m of the side wall of the foundation pit influenced by the karst area, the length n of the karst area and the steel supporting force F of the side wall of the foundation pit1Air pressure F2And karst water pressure F3；
S2: according to the elastoplasticity theory, calculating the axial displacement of the side wall of the karst area, namely the deflection is as follows:
wherein d is the safe thickness of the sidewall of the karst area;
s3: calculating the potential energy of the karst area side wall, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
W0＝W1-W2(2)
wherein, W1To prevent deformation of the projecting layer, W2Acting for external force;
s4: calculating the safe thickness of the karst area side wall, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the sidewall of the karst region, and mu is the Poisson ratio;
s5: and comparing the calculated safe thickness of the side wall of the foundation pit in the karst area with an actual detection result, and determining a grouting mode.
The invention also provides a grouting device for the karst area of the foundation pit, which comprises: the device comprises a metal net, a water stop plate, a grouting pipe, a water pumping pipe and a one-way communication device for leading out slurry;
the metal net covers the water outlet of the karst area; the edge of the water stop plate is fixedly connected with the edge of the karst area water outlet, the water stop plate does not completely cover the karst area water outlet, and the metal mesh is positioned between the water stop plate and the karst area water outlet;
the water pumping pipe is used for pumping water in the karst area, one end of the water pumping pipe penetrates through the metal net, and the other end of the water pumping pipe is arranged in the karst area;
the side wall of the grouting pipe is provided with a first connecting end with a plurality of internal threads;
the one-way communication device end is a second connecting end provided with an external thread, the second connecting end is connected with the first connecting end through a thread pair, and the one-way communication device is used for guiding slurry out of the metal mesh to form a plugging wall.
Further, the one-way communication device includes: an outer member, an inner member, a spring, and a base;
the second connecting end is arranged at one end of the outer member, the outer member is hollow, and the outer member is connected with the base in a sealing mode;
the inner member is arranged in the outer member, one end of the inner member, which is close to the second connecting end, is communicated with the outside, and the other end of the inner member is connected with the base through a spring;
the side walls of the outer member and the inner member are respectively provided with a plurality of first slurry outlets and a plurality of second slurry outlets; the inner member moves towards the base under the pressure of the slurry and compresses the spring at the same time, the plurality of second slurry outlets coincide with the plurality of first slurry outlets, and the slurry flows out.
Further, still include: and the magnet is used for fixing the one-way communication device on the metal net and is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the one-way communication device.
Further, still include: and a water pumping pipe for pumping out water in the karst area, wherein one end of the water pumping pipe penetrates through the water pumping pipe and is arranged in the karst area.
Further, the inner member outer diameter is equal to the outer member inner diameter.
The other end of the outer component is provided with an external thread; the base is provided with internal threads and is in threaded pair connection with the other end of the outer member.
Further, the space between the first slurry outlets is equal to the space between the second slurry outlets.
The method can quickly eliminate the risk of water burst in the karst area of the foundation pit, solves the problems of difficult slurry injection, karst water suck-back and the like in construction relative to the existing grouting structure, effectively realizes the plugging of the karst area, has good construction effect, saves engineering investment and ensures construction safety; according to the method, a calculation model of the safe thickness of the side wall of the karst area is constructed, the relation between each factor and the safe thickness of the side wall of the karst area is analyzed, a reasonable calculation formula capable of predicting the safe thickness of the side wall of the karst area is provided, and the problem of water inrush and water inrush of the foundation pit of the karst area can be reasonably solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a thickness of a sidewall of a karst region according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an elevation view of a pit and karst area according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a side view of a pit and a karst area according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention applied in a foundation pit;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a combination of a grout pipe and a one-way communication means according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a grouting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a one-way communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
At present, aiming at the problems that water in a karst region 7 in a foundation pit 11 is extremely uneven in distribution and difficult to detect, water gushing and water bursting are easily caused when the thickness of a side wall of the karst region is too thin, and water gushing and water bursting accidents are easily caused during construction, so that a construction site and machines are often submerged, equipment and personnel accidents are caused, the construction period is delayed, the engineering investment is increased, and the like; according to the method, a calculation model of the safe thickness of the side wall of the karst area is constructed, the relation between each factor and the safe thickness of the side wall of the karst area is analyzed, a reasonable calculation formula capable of predicting the safe thickness of the side wall of the karst area is provided, and the problem of water inrush and water inrush of the foundation pit of the karst area can be reasonably solved. Through mechanical analysis on the water inrush instability destruction of the karst area of the foundation pit, the characteristics of the water inrush process of the deep foundation pit containing the hidden karst area can be mastered more comprehensively, and the safety excavation of the foundation pit is ensured by taking the preventive measures such as effective disposal structures and the like.
The range of the foundation pit subjected to mutation and instability is mainly concentrated at the position of the karst area, the pressure-bearing karst area is used as a center to radially damage the periphery, and the side wall of the foundation pit is provided with an obvious damage surface; and along with the process that the internal pressure of different surrounding rock conditions, the size of the karst area and the thickness of the side wall of the karst area are increased in the karst area, the plastic area is diffused from the position of the karst area to the side wall, and the influence range of the plastic area is a square shape which is expanded outwards. The profile section of the karst area can be simplified into a square, the mutation mechanism of the phenomenon is further analyzed, and a mechanical model as shown in figures 1-3 is established.
The invention provides a method for determining the safe thickness of a sidewall of a karst area, which comprises the following steps:
the karst area side wall is a prismoid body formed by a plurality of thin cubes with uniform thickness, and the length m of the foundation pit side wall influenced by the karst area, the length n of the karst area and the steel supporting force F of the foundation pit side wall are determined1Air pressure F2And karst water pressure F3(ii) a The stress on the sidewall of the karst area at the side of the foundation pit is F ═ F1+F2-F3The karst area side wall is elastoplastic medium, according to the elastoplastic theory, karst area side wall axial displacement, the amount of deflection promptly is:
wherein d is the safe thickness of the sidewall of the karst area;
the boundary conditions are as follows:
obtained from (1) and (2):
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the karst region side wall, c is the thickness of the karst region side wall slice, and mu is Poisson's ratio, since the bending rigidity
Then the process of the first step is carried out,
and calculating the potential energy of the karst area side wall by using an energy conservation theory, wherein the formula is as follows:
W0＝W1-W2(5)
wherein, W1The deformation potential energy of the side wall of the karst area is the bending deformation potential energy W11And intermediate strain potential energy W12To sum, i.e.
W1＝W11+W12(6)
W2Acting for external forces, including radial displacement W21And moving axially outwards to do work W22；
Bring (9) and (12) into (5)
Let w be a3w3+a2w2+a1w (14)
Wherein, a1、a2、a3Is an intermediate variable;
and then, if x is w-y, then:
w＝x+y (16)
wherein x and y are intermediate variables
Bringing (16) into (14), writing in matrix form:
the model accords with the cusp mutation model;
according to the theory of mutation, the equilibrium equation of the system is:
from this, can try to get out the safe thickness that the water inrush takes place for karst district side wall and be:
as can be seen from the formula (19), the safe thickness of the karst region side wall is affected by the elastic modulus of the karst region side wall, that is, the elastic modulus of the water-resisting rock layer, the poisson ratio, the karst water pressure, the steel support axial force, the air pressure, the size of the foundation pit and the size of the karst region, and the larger the elastic modulus of the karst region side wall around the foundation pit is, the smaller the minimum safe thickness is, that is, when the surrounding rock is harder, water inrush is less likely to occur. The larger the excavation range of the foundation pit and the size of the karst area are, the larger the minimum safe thickness of the foundation pit is.
According to the above analysis, the step S5 is further: corresponding safe thickness can be obtained through actual geological survey conditions and calculation and is compared with the detected thickness, and when the safe thickness is larger than the current detected thickness, the following grouting device for the karst area of the foundation pit is adopted for grouting prevention.
The present invention also provides a grouting apparatus for a karst area of a foundation pit, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, comprising: the device comprises a metal net 3, a water stop plate 4, a grouting pipe 1 and a one-way communication device 5; the metal net 3 covers a water outlet 7.1 of the karst area 7; the edge of a stainless steel water stop plate 4 is fixedly connected with the edge of a water outlet 7.1 of the karst area 7 through a bolt 8, the water stop plate 4 does not completely cover the water outlet 7.1 of the karst area 7, a gap is reserved between the top edge of the water stop plate and the top of the karst area in order to prevent water in the karst area from flowing out, a grouting pipe 1 and a one-way communication device 5 extend into the karst area, the metal net 3 is positioned between the water stop plate 4 and the water outlet 7.1 of the karst area 7, and the metal net 3 is fixed at the water outlet 7.1 of the karst area 7 through the extrusion of the water stop plate 4;
as shown in fig. 8, one end of the grouting pipe 1 is opened for injecting grout into the interior, and the sidewall of the grouting pipe 1 is provided with a first connection end 1-1 with a plurality of internal threads;
as shown in fig. 9, one end of the one-way communication device 5 is a second connection end 5-1 provided with an external thread, the second connection end 5-1 is connected with the first connection end 1-1 through a thread pair, and the one-way communication device 5 is used for guiding out slurry to the metal mesh 3 to form a plugging wall.
Further, the one-way communication device 5 includes: an outer member 5-2, an inner member 5-3, a spring 5-4 and a base 5-5; the second connecting end 5-1 is arranged at one end of the outer member 5-2, the outer member 5-2 is hollow, and the other end of the outer member 5-2 is provided with an external thread; the base 5-5 is provided with internal threads and is connected with the thread pair at the other end of the outer member 5-2, so that the outer member 5-2 is closed and can be disassembled at the same time, and the inside of the one-way communication device 5 is maintained or the spring 5-4 is replaced; the inner component 5-3 is arranged inside the outer component 5-2, one end of the inner component 5-3 close to the second connecting end 5-1 is communicated with the outside, and the other end of the inner component 5-3 is connected with the base 5-5 through a spring 5-4; the side walls of the outer component 5-2 and the inner component 5-3 are respectively provided with a plurality of first slurry outlets 5-2-1 and a plurality of second slurry outlets 5-3-1; the inner member 5-3 moves towards the base 5-5 under the pressure of the slurry while compressing the spring 5-4, and the plurality of second slurry outlets 5-3-1 coincide with the plurality of first slurry outlets 5-2-1 to allow the slurry to flow out.
Further, still include: a drinking-water pipe 2 for inciting somebody to action the water in the karst district is taken out, 2 one end of drinking-water pipe passes 3 arrange in the karst district.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the outer member 5-2 and the inner member 5-3 are both cylindrical barrel-shaped structures made of stainless steel, grout is injected into the grouting pipe 1, water in a karst region is pumped out through the water pumping pipe 2 so as to avoid affecting the hanging of the grout on the metal mesh 3, the grout flows into six one-way communication devices 5 from six first connection ends 1-1 of the side wall of the grouting pipe 1 respectively, after the inner member 5-3 in the one-way communication devices 5 is subjected to the pressure of the grout, the springs 5-4 are squeezed, and then the two second grout outlets 5-3-1 and the two first grout outlets 5-2-1 are overlapped, the grout flows out from the first grout outlet 5-2-1 and is rapidly solidified near the metal mesh 3, in order to enable the one-way communication devices 5 to continuously grout at a fixed position, a magnet 9 is fixed on the outer wall of the outer component 5-2, and the magnet 9 is a strong magnet, so that the one-way communication device 5 can be adsorbed on the metal mesh 3; after slurry is hung on one area of the metal net 3, stopping grouting, and at the moment, the inner member 5-3 is extruded by the spring 5-4 to reset; the grouting pipe 3 and the one-way communication device 5 are replaced on the metal net 3, and grouting is only needed until the whole metal net 3 and the adjacent area thereof are filled with slurry, and the slurry is continuously and rapidly solidified to form a blocking wall for blocking a water outlet 7.1 of the karst area 7; because the maximum width of whole device is greater than the maximum width of metal mesh 3, when putting the device into the karst district, can tear the metal mesh open, putting the device into, metal mesh 3 remains the slip casting region less at last and repair other damaged areas with the wire connection, and demolish five one-way intercommunication device 5 wherein, only remain one-way intercommunication device 5 and carry out the slip casting, single one-way intercommunication device 5 can be taken out from the net this moment.
Further, in order to prevent the slurry from flowing out of the gap formed between the inner member 5-3 and the outer member 5-2, which may damage the apparatus, the outer diameter of the inner member 5-3 is equal to the inner diameter of the outer member 5-2.
Furthermore, the first grout outlets 5-2-1 can enable grout to flow out simultaneously, grouting efficiency is improved, and the distance between the first grout outlets 5-2-1 is equal to that between the second grout outlets 5-3-1.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for determining the safe thickness of a sidewall of a karst area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: determining the length m of the side wall of the foundation pit influenced by the karst area, the length n of the karst area and the steel supporting force F of the side wall of the foundation pit1Air pressure F2And karst water pressure F3；
S2: according to the elastoplasticity theory, calculating the axial displacement of the side wall of the karst area, namely the deflection is as follows:
wherein d is the safe thickness of the sidewall of the karst area;
s3: calculating the potential energy of the karst area side wall, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
W0＝W1-W2(2)
wherein, W1To prevent deformation of the projecting layer, W2Acting for external force;
s4: calculating the safe thickness of the karst area side wall, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the sidewall of the karst region, and mu is the Poisson ratio;
s5: and comparing the calculated safe thickness of the side wall of the foundation pit in the karst area with an actual detection result, and determining a grouting mode.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the boundary conditions of the deflection in S2 are:
3. a slip casting device for foundation ditch karst area, its characterized in that includes: the device comprises a metal net (3), a water stop plate (4), a grouting pipe (1), a water pumping pipe (2) and a one-way communication device (5) for leading out slurry;
the metal net (3) covers a water outlet (7.1) of the karst area (7); the edge of the water stop plate (4) is fixedly connected with the edge of a water outlet (7.1) of the karst area (7), the water stop plate (4) does not completely cover the water outlet (7.1) of the karst area (7), and the metal mesh (3) is positioned between the water stop plate (4) and the water outlet (7.1) of the karst area (7);
the water pumping pipe (2) is used for pumping out water in the karst area, and the water pumping pipe (2) penetrates through the metal mesh (3) and is arranged in the karst area;
the side wall of the grouting pipe (1) is provided with a plurality of first connecting ends (1-1);
one end of the one-way communication device (5) is a second connecting end (5-1), the second connecting end (5-1) is connected with the first connecting end (1-1) through a thread pair, and the one-way communication device (5) is used for guiding slurry out of the metal net (3) to form a blocking wall for blocking a water outlet (7.1) of the karst area (7).
4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that said one-way communication means (5) comprise: an outer member (5-2), an inner member (5-3), a spring (5-4) and a base (5-5);
the second connecting end (5-1) is arranged at one end of the outer component (5-2), the outer component (5-2) is hollow, and the outer component (5-2) is connected with the base (5-5) in a sealing mode;
the inner member (5-3) is arranged inside the outer member (5-2), one end of the inner member (5-3) close to the second connecting end (5-1) is communicated with the outside, and the other end of the inner member (5-3) is connected with the base (5-5) through a spring (5-4);
the side walls of the outer component (5-2) and the inner component (5-3) are respectively provided with a plurality of first slurry outlets (5-2-1) and a plurality of second slurry outlets (5-3-1); the inner member (5-3) moves towards the base (5-5) under the pressure of the slurry while compressing the spring (5-4), and the plurality of second slurry outlets (5-3-1) and the plurality of first slurry outlets (5-2-1) coincide to allow the slurry to flow out.
5. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising: and the magnet (9) is used for fixing the one-way communication device (5) on the metal net (3), and the magnet (9) is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the one-way communication device (5).
6. The device according to claim 2, wherein the inner member (5-3) has an outer diameter equal to the outer member (5-2) inner diameter.
7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the other end of the outer member (5-2) is provided with an external thread; the base (5-5) is provided with internal threads and is connected with the other end of the outer component (5-2) through a thread pair.
8. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the pitch of the first plurality of outlets (5-2-1) is equal to the pitch of the second plurality of outlets (5-3-1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010531608.2A CN111733794A (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2020-06-11 | Method for determining safe thickness of side wall of karst area of foundation pit and grouting device |
| JP2022558336A JP2023518992A (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2020-12-23 | Method and grouting apparatus for determining safe thickness of sidewalls in karst areas in foundation pits |
| PCT/CN2020/138501 WO2021248872A1 (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2020-12-23 | Method for determining safe thickness of side wall in karst area of foundation pit, and grouting device |
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| CN202010531608.2A CN111733794A (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2020-06-11 | Method for determining safe thickness of side wall of karst area of foundation pit and grouting device |
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| JP (1) | JP2023518992A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN111733794A (en) |
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| WO2021248872A1 (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-12-16 | 中铁一局集团第二工程有限公司 | Method for determining safe thickness of side wall in karst area of foundation pit, and grouting device |
| CN114359491A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-15 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Three-dimensional modeling method and device for karst, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7806631B2 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2010-10-05 | Smith Eric W | Underground filling and sealing method |
| RU2537448C1 (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2015-01-10 | Олег Иванович Лобов | Reinforcement method of foundations of buildings on structurally unstable soils and soils with karst formations |
| CN104594369B (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2017-12-05 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Karst high pressure group hole replacement grouting method and its structure |
| CN207177933U (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-04-03 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of advanced plugging structure of high-pressure high-flow underground water |
| CN107227740A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-10-03 | 广东省源天工程有限公司 | The construction method that limestone cave cell wall is closed in construction of diaphragm wall |
| CN110904951A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-03-24 | 广州市住宅建设发展有限公司 | Construction method of underground continuous wall of water-rich karst development geology and grout stop wall structure |
| CN111733794A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-10-02 | 中铁一局集团第二工程有限公司 | Method for determining safe thickness of side wall of karst area of foundation pit and grouting device |
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- 2020-06-11 CN CN202010531608.2A patent/CN111733794A/en active Pending
- 2020-12-23 JP JP2022558336A patent/JP2023518992A/en active Pending
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021248872A1 (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-12-16 | 中铁一局集团第二工程有限公司 | Method for determining safe thickness of side wall in karst area of foundation pit, and grouting device |
| CN114359491A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-15 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Three-dimensional modeling method and device for karst, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2021248872A1 (en) | 2021-12-16 |
| JP2023518992A (en) | 2023-05-09 |
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