Tool rest with anti-pinch function for numerical control machine tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a tool rest with an anti-pinch function for a numerical control machine tool.
Background
The nc machine tool is a device which is very common in industrial production, die production and some mechanical production, such as nc lathes, nc milling machines, nc machining centers and the like, and the tool rest is a material which is specially used for placing a tool in these machine tools, and the tool is fixed by the tool rest, so as to facilitate the machining of the material by the tool, but the tool rest has some disadvantages:
firstly, as described above, during machining, the tool generally needs to be placed by the tool rest and locked by the bolt, but the bolt is easily screwed to directly cause loss influence on the outer surface of the tool, which easily causes lower stability of the tool;
secondly, as mentioned in the first embodiment, the tool needs to be fixed by screwing the bolts, but the bolts are more in number, and therefore the tool needs to be screwed one by one, which is troublesome;
thirdly, when fixing the cutter well in the course of working, a large amount of heat that the friction produced can be transmitted to the blade, but general cutting fluid is all watered on the tool bit, can be by tool bit transmission heat on the cutter, makes cutter wearing and tearing serious easily, consumes life.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tool rest with an anti-pinch function for a numerical control machine tool, which aims to solve the problem that the tool rest does not have the anti-pinch function in the prior art; it is inconvenient to tighten the bolts step by step for fixing; the tool is heated and not cooled during the machining process, so that the service life is easily reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a digit control machine tool is with knife rest that has anti-pinch function, includes lower tool rest, top rest and bolt hand wheel, the last surface connection of lower tool rest has the top rest, and the upper surface and the rear surface of top rest and lower tool rest have all seted up the cooling channel, the cooling channel of top rest and lower tool rest is linked together, and the top surface external surface fixedly connected with laminating layer of lower tool rest, the top surface of top rest is run through by the connecting hand wheel, and the surface of connecting the hand wheel is connected with driven gear, drive gear's lower fixed surface is connected with first conical gear, and first conical gear is located the inside of top rest to the lower surface of first conical gear is connected with second conical gear, the central axis surface of second conical gear is run through by the screw rod, and the terminal fixedly connected with fixed block of screw rod to the fixed block runs through the middle-end internal surface of cooling channel, the top surface, the top surface of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with a blocking block, the blocking block penetrates through the inner surface of the top end of the cooling channel, the bottom surface of the fixing block is fixedly connected with a connecting chain, the outer surface of the connecting chain is fixedly connected with a guide block, the guide block is fixedly arranged in the upper tool rest, the tail end of the connecting chain is fixedly connected with a first magnetic block, the tail end of the first magnetic block is fixedly connected with a square block, the square block penetrates through the outer surface of the upper tool rest, the outer surface of the first magnetic block is fixedly connected with a spring, the spring is fixedly arranged in the upper tool rest, the bottom surface of the attaching layer is fixedly connected with a heat conducting rod, the heat conducting rod is positioned in the lower tool rest, the tail end of the heat conducting rod is fixedly connected with a metal ring, the metal ring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cooling channel, and the second magnetic block is positioned at one side of the first magnetic block.
Preferably, the number of the connecting hand wheels is 4 about the circumference of the central point of the top view surface of the upper tool rest, the connecting hand wheels and the upper tool rest form a rotating structure, and a transmission gear on the connecting hand wheels is in meshed connection with a driven gear.
Preferably, the driven gears are 5 at equal intervals and circumferentially distributed in the upper tool rest, a gear chain is connected to the outer surface of each driven gear, and the 5 driven gears are in meshed connection with the gear chain.
Preferably, the driven gear and the outer surface of the upper tool rest are penetrated by a bolt hand wheel, and the bottom surface of the bolt hand wheel is fixedly connected with a connecting layer.
Preferably, the bolt hand wheel is in threaded connection with the upper tool rest, the bolt hand wheel and the driven gear form a clamped sliding structure, and a connecting layer on the bolt hand wheel is made of a silicone rubber material.
Preferably, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are both in meshed connection with the screw, and the screw and the upper tool rest form a sliding structure.
Preferably, the fixed blocks are symmetrically distributed about the longitudinal center line of the upper tool rest, the lengths of the fixed blocks and the blocking blocks are both larger than the radius of the cooling channel, and the fixed blocks and the blocking blocks form a sliding structure with the upper tool rest through the supporting rods.
Preferably, the outer surface of the connecting chain is attached to the outer surface of the guide block, the first magnetic block and the second magnetic block on the connecting chain form a structure with like poles repelling each other, and the first magnetic block and the upper tool rest form an elastic structure through a spring.
Preferably, the square blocks are distributed at equal angles with respect to the central point of the top view surface of the upper tool rest, and the square blocks and the upper tool rest form a sliding structure.
Preferably, the heat conducting rod, the laminating layer and the metal ring are all made of copper materials, and the metal ring is spirally wound on the outer surface of the cooling channel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the numerical control machine tool is provided with a tool rest with an anti-pinch function,
1. when the bolt hand wheel is screwed, the cutter is extruded, but the connecting layer on the bolt hand wheel is made of a silicon rubber material which has high flexibility and strength and can increase the friction force between the bolt hand wheel and the cutter, but the hardness of the connecting layer is smaller than that of the cutter, so that the cutter cannot be clamped, the attaching layer is made of a copper material, the hardness of the copper material is also smaller than that of the cutter, and the cutter is effectively protected;
2. when one connecting hand wheel is rotated, the connecting hand wheel can drive the transmission gear to rotate to be meshed with the driven gear, the driven gear is driven to drive the other 4 driven gears to rotate at one time through the gear chain, the driven gear drives all the bolt hand wheels on one side to rotate to be in threaded connection with the upper tool rest, the bolt hand wheels slide downwards at the same time to extrude the tool, time is saved, and efficiency is improved;
3. the attaching layer, the heat conducting rod and the metal ring are all made of copper materials and have high heat conductivity coefficient, so that the heat of the cutter can be absorbed by the connecting layer and is transmitted to the metal ring through the heat conducting rod, and the splashed cooling liquid can flow when entering the cooling channel, so that the heat of the metal ring wound on the cooling channel is absorbed, and the effect of cooling and radiating the cutter is achieved;
4. when the bolt hand wheel unscrewed, the fixed block can merge for the fixed block is relaxed to the connecting link, and first magnetic force piece on the connecting link then can be relaxed, and under the effect of the spring force and the second magnetic force piece repulsion that charge can, first magnetic force piece can promote square piece and outwards slide, makes square piece release the cutter, reaches the effect of being convenient for get the material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall front cross-sectional structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the present invention in its entirety;
FIG. 3 is a schematic rear sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top cross-sectional view of the upper tool holder of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a top cross-sectional view of the connection between the driving gear and the driven gear according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view of the connecting side of the fixing block and the supporting rod according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a lower tool rest; 2. an upper tool rest; 3. a cooling channel; 4. laminating layers; 5. connecting a hand wheel; 6. a transmission gear; 7. a driven gear; 8. a gear train; 9. a bolt hand wheel; 10. a connecting layer; 11. a first bevel gear; 12. a second bevel gear; 13. a screw; 14. a fixed block; 15. a support bar; 16. a barrier block; 17. a connecting chain; 18. a guide block; 19. a first magnetic block; 20. a square block; 21. a spring; 22. a heat conducting rod; 23. a metal ring; 24. a second magnetic block.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a technical solution: a knife rest with an anti-pinch function for a numerical control machine tool comprises a lower knife rest 1, an upper knife rest 2, a cooling channel 3, an adhesive layer 4, a connecting hand wheel 5, a transmission gear 6, a driven gear 7, a gear chain 8, a bolt hand wheel 9, a connecting layer 10, a first bevel gear 11, a second bevel gear 12, a screw 13, a fixing block 14, a support rod 15, a blocking block 16, a connecting chain 17, a guide block 18, a first magnetic block 19, a square block 20, a spring 21, a heat conducting rod 22, a metal ring 23 and a second magnetic block 24, wherein the upper knife rest 2 is connected to the upper surface of the lower knife rest 1, the cooling channels 3 are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the rear surface of the upper knife rest 2 and the upper surface and the rear surface of the lower knife rest 1, the upper knife rest 2 is communicated with the cooling channel 3 of the lower knife rest 1, the adhesive layer 4 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the top end of the lower knife rest 1, the top surface of, the lower surface of the transmission gear 6 is fixedly connected with a first conical gear 11, the first conical gear 11 is positioned inside the upper tool rest 2, the lower surface of the first conical gear 11 is connected with a second conical gear 12, the outer surface of the central axis of the second conical gear 12 is penetrated by a screw 13, the tail end of the screw 13 is fixedly connected with a fixed block 14, the fixed block 14 penetrates through the inner surface of the middle end of the cooling passage 3, the top surface of the fixed block 14 is fixedly connected with a support rod 15, the top surface of the support rod 15 is fixedly connected with a blocking block 16, the blocking block 16 penetrates through the inner surface of the top end of the cooling passage 3, the bottom surface of the fixed block 14 is fixedly connected with a connecting chain 17, the outer surface of the connecting chain 17 is fixedly connected with a guide block 18, the guide block 18 is fixedly arranged inside the upper tool rest 2, the tail end of the connecting chain 17 is fixedly connected with a, and square piece 20 runs through the surface of upper knife rest 2, the fixed surface of first magnetic force piece 19 is connected with spring 21, and spring 21 is fixed to be set up in the inside of upper knife rest 2, the basal surface fixedly connected with heat conduction stick 22 of laminating layer 4, and heat conduction stick 22 is located the inside of lower knife rest 1, the terminal fixedly connected with metal loop 23 of heat conduction stick 22, and metal loop 23 fixed connection is at the surface of cooling channel 3, the fixed second magnetic force piece 24 that is provided with in top surface of lower knife rest 1, and second magnetic force piece 24 is located one side of first magnetic force piece 19.
The connecting hand wheel 5 is distributed with 4 about the central point circumference of the top view surface of the upper tool rest 2, the connecting hand wheel 5 and the upper tool rest 2 form a rotating structure, a transmission gear 6 on the connecting hand wheel 5 is meshed with a driven gear 7, the hand wheel 5 can be rotatably connected, so that the connecting hand wheel 5 drives the transmission gear 6 to rotate, and the rotating transmission gear 6 can be meshed with the driven gear 7 to drive the driven gear 7 to rotate.
Driven gear 7 equidistant has 5 and circumference to distribute in the inside of top rest 2, and driven gear 7's surface is connected with gear train 8 to 5 driven gear 7 all are connected for the meshing with gear train 8, can mesh with gear train 8 when driven gear 7 is rotatory, makes gear train 8 drive regional 4 driven gear 7 simultaneous rotations.
The outer surface of driven gear 7 and top rest 2 is all run through by bolt hand wheel 9, and the basal surface fixedly connected with articulamentum 10 of bolt hand wheel 9, bolt hand wheel 9 is threaded connection with top rest 2, and bolt hand wheel 9 constitutes the sliding construction of block with driven gear 7, and articulamentum 10 on the bolt hand wheel 9 is the silicon rubber material, can drive bolt hand wheel 9 rotatory when driven gear 7 is rotatory, in case can carry out threaded connection with top rest 2 when bolt hand wheel 9 is rotatory, make bolt hand wheel 9 drive articulamentum 10 removal downwards while rotatory, extrude the cutter, but articulamentum 10 is the silicon rubber material, silicon rubber has high heat resistance, intensity and pliability, high frictional force has, can increase and the cutter between the coefficient of friction, reach the effectual effect of protecting the cutter.
The first conical gear 11 and the second conical gear 12 are both connected with the screw 13 in a meshing manner, the screw 13 and the upper tool rest 2 form a sliding structure, and when the transmission gear 6 rotates, the transmission gear can drive the first conical gear 11 to rotate at the same time, so that the first conical gear 11 rotates and is meshed with the second conical gear 12, and when the second conical gear 12 receives meshing force, the transmission gear rotates and is meshed with the screw 13, so that the screw 13 is driven to push the fixing block 14 to slide.
The fixed block 14 is distributed about the longitudinal center line symmetry of last knife rest 2, and the length of fixed block 14 and barrier block 16 all is greater than the radius of cooling channel 3, and fixed block 14 and barrier block 16 pass through bracing piece 15 and last knife rest 2 constitution sliding construction, can drive bracing piece 15 when fixed block 14 slides and remove, make bracing piece 15 drive barrier block 16 slide, reach barrier block 16 and fixed block 14 and all carry out the effect of separation to cooling channel 3, can prevent that cooling channel 3 from not being convenient for to wash and causing the jam when not adding man-hour into iron fillings at ordinary times.
The surface of connecting link 17 is laminated with the surface of guide block 18 mutually, and first magnetic block 19 on the connecting link 17 and second magnetic block 24 constitute like poles and repel the structure mutually, and first magnetic block 19 passes through spring 21 and constitutes elastic construction with last knife rest 2, can drag connecting link 17 when fixed block 14 slides, make connecting link 17 drag first magnetic block 19 through guide block 18, first magnetic block 19 then can compress spring 21 and fill can, and be close to second magnetic block 24, make the repulsion that second magnetic block 24 and first magnetic block 19 produced strengthen gradually.
Square block 20 is about the equal angular distribution of overlook face central point of upper knife rest 2, and square block 20 constitutes sliding construction with upper knife rest 2, and when first magnetic block 19 received to pull the power and slides, first magnetic block 19 also slides to upper knife rest 2 inside through can driving square block 20, is convenient for place the cutter.
Heat conduction rod 22, laminating layer 4 and ferrule 23 are copper class material, and ferrule 23 is the heliciform winding and says 3 surface in the cooling, because heat conduction rod 22, laminating layer 4 and ferrule 23 are copper class material, heat conduction rod 22, laminating layer 4 and ferrule 23's coefficient of heat conductivity is all higher, laminating layer 4 leads heat conduction rod 22 with the heat of cutter, rethread heat conduction rod 22 leads ferrule 23 with the heat, and ferrule 23 winding is at the surface of cooling way 3, then can dispel the heat to ferrule 23 during the cooling liquid in the cooling way 3, reach the effect of cooling.
The working principle is as follows: when the tool rest with the anti-pinch function for the numerical control machine tool is used, an external power supply is connected to the device, according to the figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, a cutter is firstly abutted against a square block 20 and an adhesive layer 4 on a lower tool rest 1, then a connecting hand wheel 5 of an upper tool rest 2 is rotated, so that the connecting hand wheel 5 drives a transmission gear 6 and a first bevel gear 11 to rotate, the first bevel gear 11 rotates to be meshed with a second bevel gear 12, the second bevel gear 12 rotates to be meshed with a screw 13, so that the screw 13 is subjected to meshing force to pull a fixed block 14 outwards, when the fixed block 14 is pulled, a blocking block 16 is pulled through a support rod 15, so that the blocking block 16 and the fixed block 14 both slide and do not block a cooling channel 3 any more, when the fixed block 14 slides, a connecting chain 17 is pulled, so that the connecting chain 17 pulls a first magnetic block 19 through a guide block 18, the first magnetic block 19 can drive the square block 20 to slidably retract into the upper tool rest 2, the spring 21 is compressed and charged, meanwhile, the repulsive force of the second magnetic block 24 to the first magnetic block 19 is increased, the square block 20 retracts into the upper tool rest 2 and can push the tool to approach to the inner outer side of the upper tool rest 2, the transmission gear 6 can be meshed with the driven gear 7 when rotating, the driven gear 7 drives all the driven gears 7 on one side to rotate through the gear chain 8, the driven gear 7 can drive the bolt hand wheel 9 to rotate, the bolt hand wheel 9 is in threaded connection with the upper tool rest 2 and rotates downwards to extrude the placed tool through the connecting layer 10, the effect that all the bolt hand wheels 9 simultaneously rotate downwards to move to fix the tool is achieved, and the efficiency is improved;
in the turning process, according to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the connecting layer 10 of copper material absorbs heat generated in the turning process of the tool and transmits the heat to the metal ring 23 through the heat conducting rod 22, the coolant spun by the rotation of the workpiece splashes into the cooling channel 3, so that the coolant in the cooling channel 3 flows to absorb and drive the heat of the metal ring 23, thereby achieving the cooling and heat dissipation effects, after the turning process is completed, the connecting hand wheel 5 can be rotated in the opposite direction, similarly, the connecting hand wheel 5 drives the transmission gear 6 to rotate to be meshed with the driven gear 7, the driven gear 7 drives all the driven gears 7 to rotate through the gear chain 8, so that the hand wheel 9 of the bolt in the driven gear 7 rises to clamp the tool, the first bevel gear 11 is meshed with the second bevel gear 12, and drives the second bevel gear 12 to be meshed with the screw 13, let screw 13 promote fixed block 14 and reset 3 separation to the cooling channel again, fixed block 14 relaxs connecting link 17 simultaneously, connecting link 17 relaxs first magnetic block 19 through guide block 18, first magnetic block 19 promotes square piece 20 under the spring 21 effect of charging energy and the repulsion effect of second magnetic block 24 for square piece 20 releases the cutter of laminating, reaches the effect of the cutter of taking, and is more convenient, has increased holistic practicality.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, equivalents, and improvements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.