CN111725545A - Control method and device of SOFC system and FCU - Google Patents

Control method and device of SOFC system and FCU Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111725545A
CN111725545A CN202010606757.0A CN202010606757A CN111725545A CN 111725545 A CN111725545 A CN 111725545A CN 202010606757 A CN202010606757 A CN 202010606757A CN 111725545 A CN111725545 A CN 111725545A
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fuel
mass flow
molar
sofc
water
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于超
沈雪松
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Weichai Power Co Ltd
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Weichai Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010606757.0A priority Critical patent/CN111725545A/en
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/102835 priority patent/WO2022001981A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H01M8/04365—Temperature; Ambient temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
    • H01M8/04447—Concentration; Density of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04574—Current
    • H01M8/04589—Current of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04776—Pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
    • H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/1233—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention provides a control method and a control device of an SOFC system and an FCU, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: obtaining fuel mass flow according to a current target value required by the SOFC galvanic pile and a molar ratio determined based on the detected natural gas fuel components; obtaining a water mass flow based on the fuel mass flow and a water-to-carbon ratio meeting reforming requirements; controlling the opening of the second control valve according to the fuel mass flow and controlling the opening of the third control valve according to the water mass flow; and detecting the temperature of the SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) stack in real time, and controlling the opening of the first control valve according to the temperature of the SOFC stack. In this scheme, the natural gas fuel composition is detected and the molar ratio thereof is determined. And calculating the required fuel mass flow and water mass flow according to the molar ratio, the current target value and the water-carbon ratio of the natural gas fuel components so as to control the opening degree of the respective control valves of the fuel and the deionized water, and controlling the opening degree of the control valve corresponding to air according to the SOFC pile temperature so as to reduce the damage speed of the SOFC system and improve the conversion rate of the natural gas fuel.

Description

Control method and device of SOFC system and FCU
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical industry, in particular to a control method and a control device of an SOFC system and an FCU.
Background
A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is a device that efficiently converts chemical energy in hydrocarbons and oxidants in natural gas Fuel into electrical energy at medium and high temperatures.
At present, the type and concentration of the natural gas fuel are often determined in advance by means of laboratory detection, but the type and concentration of the natural gas fuel on the market fluctuate greatly in practical application. On the one hand, the conversion rate of the actual natural gas fuel of the SOFC system is easily over high, so that the attenuation of the SOFC system is increased or damaged; on the other hand, it is easy to cause too low a conversion of the actual natural gas fuel of the SOFC system.
Therefore, how to provide a control scheme of the SOFC system capable of meeting the requirements of different types and concentrations of natural gas fuels is a problem to be solved urgently in the application.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a Control method and apparatus for an SOFC system, and a Fuel cell Control Unit (FCU) to solve the problem in the prior art that the SOFC system cannot meet the requirements of different types and concentrations of natural gas fuels.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
the embodiment of the invention discloses a control method of an SOFC system in a first aspect, wherein the SOFC system is provided with a first control valve for controlling air inflow, a second control valve for controlling fuel inflow and a third control valve for controlling deionized water inflow, a fuel component detector is arranged between the second control valve and a fuel inlet, and the control method of the SOFC system comprises the following steps:
obtaining the mass flow of the fuel to be used according to a current target value required by the SOFC galvanic pile and a molar ratio determined on the basis of the natural gas fuel component detected by the fuel gas component detector;
obtaining the mass flow of water to be used based on the mass flow of the fuel and the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement;
controlling the opening degree of the second control valve according to the mass flow of the fuel to be used, and controlling the opening degree of the third control valve according to the mass flow of the water to be used;
and detecting the temperature of the SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) stack in real time, and controlling the opening of the first control valve according to the temperature of the SOFC stack.
Optionally, the obtaining of the mass flow of the fuel to be used according to the target current value required by the SOFC stack and the molar ratio determined based on the natural gas fuel component detected by the fuel gas component detector includes:
calculating according to the preset current target value and the fuel utilization rate target value to determine the molar flow of the hydrogen;
acquiring natural gas fuel components detected by a gas component detector, and determining the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components based on the natural gas fuel components, wherein the natural gas fuel components are carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms;
determining the coefficients of the mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated by reforming hydrocarbon and oxygen according to the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components;
and calculating by utilizing the molar flow of the hydrogen, the coefficient of the hydrogen and the preset molar gas volume to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used.
Optionally, the calculating by using the molar flow rate of the hydrogen, the coefficient of the hydrogen, and the preset molar gas volume to obtain the mass flow rate of the fuel to be used includes:
calculating a quotient value of the molar flow of the hydrogen and the coefficient of the hydrogen to obtain the molar flow of the fuel;
determining the fuel density according to the molar flow of the fuel;
and calculating the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the preset molar gas volume and the fuel density to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used.
Optionally, the obtaining a mass flow of water to be used based on the mass flow of fuel and a water-to-carbon ratio meeting a reforming requirement includes:
determining the molar flow of the fuel according to the fuel mass flow;
and calculating the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement and the standard water molar mass to obtain the water mass flow to be used.
Optionally, the obtaining process of the current target value required by the SOFC stack includes:
acquiring the power requirement of a load;
and generating a current control instruction based on the power requirement of the load, so that the DCDC controls the current SOFC stack to output a current target value required by the SOFC stack based on the current control instruction.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention discloses a control device for an SOFC system, including:
the first processing module is used for obtaining the mass flow of the fuel to be used according to a current target value required by the SOFC pile and a molar ratio determined based on the natural gas fuel component detected by the fuel gas component detector;
the second processing module is used for obtaining the water mass flow to be used based on the fuel mass flow and the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement;
the first control module is used for controlling the opening degree of the second control valve according to the mass flow of the fuel to be used and controlling the opening degree of the third control valve according to the mass flow of the water to be used;
and the second control module is used for detecting the SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) stack temperature in real time and controlling the opening of the first control valve according to the SOFC stack temperature.
Optionally, the first processing module includes:
the first calculating unit is used for calculating according to the preset current target value and the fuel utilization rate target value and determining the molar flow of the hydrogen;
the first determination unit is used for acquiring natural gas fuel components detected by the gas component detector and determining the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components based on the natural gas fuel components, wherein the natural gas fuel components are carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms;
a second determination unit, which is used for determining the respective coefficients of the mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated by reforming hydrocarbon and oxygen according to the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components;
and the second calculating unit is used for calculating by utilizing the molar flow of the hydrogen, the coefficient of the hydrogen and the preset molar gas volume to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used.
Optionally, the second determining unit is specifically configured to: calculating a quotient value of the molar flow of the hydrogen and the coefficient of the hydrogen to obtain the molar flow of the fuel; determining the fuel density according to the molar flow of the fuel; and calculating the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the preset molar gas volume and the fuel density to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used.
Optionally, the second processing module includes:
the third determining unit is used for determining the molar flow of the fuel according to the fuel mass flow;
and the third calculating unit is used for calculating the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement and the standard water molar mass to obtain the water mass flow to be used.
A third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention discloses a fuel cell system controller FCU, including: the SOFC system comprises a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program to realize the control method of the SOFC system disclosed by the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention.
Based on the control method and device for the SOFC system and the FCU provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the SOFC system is provided with the first control valve for controlling the air inflow, the second control valve for controlling the fuel inflow, and the third control valve for controlling the water inflow of the deionized water, the fuel component detector is arranged between the second control valve and the fuel inlet, and the control method for the SOFC system includes: obtaining the mass flow of the fuel to be used according to a current target value required by the SOFC galvanic pile and a molar ratio determined on the basis of natural gas fuel components detected by a gas component detector; obtaining the mass flow of water to be used based on the mass flow of the fuel and the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement; controlling the opening degree of the second control valve according to the mass flow of the fuel to be used and controlling the opening degree of the third control valve according to the mass flow of the water to be used; and detecting the temperature of the SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) stack in real time, and controlling the opening of the first control valve according to the temperature of the SOFC stack. In the embodiment of the invention, the natural gas fuel components are detected in real time through the gas component detector, and the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components is determined. And the opening of the control valve corresponding to air is controlled according to the temperature of the SOFC stack, so that the fuel, the deionized water and the air are controlled to enter the SOFC stack based on the opening of each control valve, and the SOFC stack generates the required current target value. Therefore, the method can adapt to the requirements of natural gas fuels of different types and concentrations, reduce the damage speed of the SOFC system and improve the conversion rate of the natural gas fuel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an SOFC system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a control method of an SOFC system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of determining fuel mass flow provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device of an SOFC system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In this application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the embodiment of the invention, the natural gas fuel components are detected in real time through the gas component detector, and the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components is determined. And the opening of the control valve corresponding to air is controlled according to the temperature of the SOFC stack, so that the fuel, the deionized water and the air are controlled to enter the SOFC stack based on the opening of each control valve, and the SOFC stack generates the required current target value. Therefore, the method can adapt to the requirements of natural gas fuels of different types and concentrations, reduce the damage speed of the SOFC system and improve the conversion rate of the natural gas fuel.
Referring to fig. 1, an architecture schematic diagram of an SOFC system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the SOFC system includes: first control valve 101, second control valve 102, third control valve 103, gas component detector 104, SOFC stack 105, air heater 106, fuel reformer 107, evaporator 108, and FCU109 (not shown in the figure).
One end of the first control valve 101 is connected to an air inlet for controlling the air intake amount.
The other end of the first control valve 101 is connected to an air heater 106, and the air heater 106 is connected to the cathode of the SOFC stack 105.
One end of the second control valve 102 is connected to an inlet of the natural gas fuel, one end of the second control valve 102 is connected to the fuel reformer 107, and a gas component detector 104 is disposed between the second control valve 102 and the inlet of the natural gas fuel.
One end of the third control valve 103 is connected to an inlet of deionized water, the third control valve 103 is connected to an evaporator 108, and the evaporator 108 is connected to the fuel reformer 107.
Fuel reformer 107 is coupled to the anode of SOFC stack 105.
The first control valve 101, the second control valve 102, the third control valve 103, the gas component detector 104, the SOFC stack 105, the air heater 106, the fuel reformer 107, and the evaporator 108 are connected to an FCU109, respectively.
The FCU109 controls the gas composition detector 104 to detect the natural gas fuel composition at the fuel inlet and determine the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel composition based on the detected natural gas fuel composition.
An FCU109 for obtaining a fuel mass flow to be used from a current target value required for the SOFC stack and a molar ratio determined based on the natural gas fuel component detected by the gas component detector 104; obtaining the mass flow of water to be used based on the mass flow of the fuel and the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement; controlling the opening degree of the second control valve 102 according to the fuel mass flow to be used to achieve control of the input flow rate of the fuel based on the opening degree of the second control valve 102; controlling the opening degree of the third control valve 103 according to the water mass flow to be used so as to realize that the input flow of the deionized water is controlled based on the opening degree of the third control valve 103; the temperature of the SOFC stack 105 is detected in real time, and the opening degree of the first control valve 101 is controlled according to the SOFC stack temperature, so that the oxygen input flow is controlled based on the opening degree of the first control valve 101.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, in order to maintain the normal operation of the SOFC system, an exhaust gas burner 110 is further provided, which is connected to the exhaust gas output of the SOFC stack 105, and a DCDC111 is provided, which is connected to the current output of the SOFC stack 105.
And the tail gas combustor 110 is used for sending the temperature of the tail gas combustor 110 to the fuel reformer 107 to provide a temperature environment for the reforming reaction of the fuel reformer 107.
And the DCDC111 is used for controlling the current target value required by the SOFC stack output by the current SOFC stack based on the current control command generated by the power demand of the load.
In the embodiment of the invention, the natural gas fuel components are detected in real time through the gas component detector, and the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components is determined. And the opening of the control valve corresponding to air is controlled according to the temperature of the SOFC stack, so that the fuel, the deionized water and the air are controlled to enter the SOFC stack based on the opening of each control valve, and the SOFC stack generates the required current target value. Therefore, the method can adapt to the requirements of natural gas fuels of different types and concentrations, reduce the damage speed of the SOFC system and improve the conversion rate of the natural gas fuel.
Based on the SOFC system shown in the above embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, a flowchart of a control method of the SOFC system shown in the embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the control method of the SOFC system includes:
step S201: and obtaining the mass flow of the fuel to be used according to the current target value required by the SOFC electric stack and the molar ratio determined on the basis of the natural gas fuel component detected by the fuel gas component detector.
In step S201, the natural gas fuel has components of carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms, and oxygen atoms.
In the process of implementing step S201 specifically, the FCU controls the gas component detector to detect the components of the natural gas fuel, and determines the molar ratio of carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms, and oxygen atoms according to the components of the natural gas; the FCU determines the fuel mass flow to be used based on the desired current target and the molar ratio of carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms for the SOFC stack.
The fuel mass flow rate is a product of the fuel mass and the volume flow rate of the fuel passing through the effective cross section of the pipe or the open groove, and may be expressed as the product of the volume flow rate and the fuel density.
It should be noted that the obtaining process of the target current value required by the SOFC stack includes the following steps:
step S11: the power requirements of the load are obtained.
During the detailed implementation of step S11, the FCU obtains the power demand of the load of the natural gas engine.
Step S12: and generating a current control instruction based on the power requirement of the load, so that the DCDC controls the current target value required by the SOFC stack output by the current SOFC stack based on the current control instruction.
In the specific implementation of step S12, a current control command is generated according to the power requirement of the load, that is, the SOFC stack is required to convert the chemical energy in the fuel into a current target value required by the SOFC stack, so that the DCDC controls the current SOFC stack to output the current target value required by the SOFC stack based on the current control command.
Step S202: the water mass flow to be used is derived based on the fuel mass flow and the water to carbon ratio that meets the reforming requirements.
It should be noted that the water-carbon ratio refers to the ratio of steam to carbon entering the fuel reformer.
In the embodiment of the invention, the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement is determined according to a reforming reaction chemical formula.
Wherein, the chemical formula (1) of the reforming reaction is as follows:
Figure BDA0002559453450000081
since the number of moles refers to the number of material particles such as atoms, electrons, molecules, etc., x in the chemical formula (1) of the reforming reaction is the number of carbon atoms, y is the number of hydrogen atoms, and z is the number of oxygen atoms.
It is noted that under normal standard conditions, the standard ratio of steam to carbon in the fuel reformer is 2.5: 1.
specifically, the process of determining the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement according to the chemical formula of the reforming reaction comprises the following steps:
according to the chemical formula (1) of the reforming reaction, the coefficient of the water vapor required by the hydrocarbon in the fuel for the reforming reaction in the fuel reformer is determined to be 2 x-z.
The water to carbon ratio to meet reforming requirements was determined to be 2.5 x (2x-z) based on the product of the standard ratio of steam to carbon and the coefficient of steam: 1.
it should be noted that the water mass flow rate is the product of the volume flow rate of the deionized water passing through the effective cross section of the pipe or the open tank and the deionized water density.
In the process of implementing step S202 specifically, obtaining the water mass flow to be used based on the fuel mass flow and the water-to-carbon ratio satisfying the reforming requirement includes the following steps:
step S21: based on the fuel mass flow, the molar flow of the fuel is determined.
In the process of implementing step S21, the molar flow rate of the fuel is obtained by calculation using the fuel mass flow rate.
Step S22: and calculating the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement and the standard water molar mass to obtain the water mass flow to be used.
In the process of specifically implementing step S22, the water mass flow rate dmWat to be used is obtained by calculation according to formula (2) based on the product of the molar flow rate, the water-carbon ratio that satisfies the reforming requirement, and the standard water molar mass.
Formula (2):
dmWat＝dmolCxHyOz×2.5×(2x-z)×mmH2O (2)
wherein 2.5 x (2x-z) is the water to carbon ratio, dmolC, which meets the reforming requirementsxHyOzAs molar flow of fuel, mmH2O is the molar mass of water.
The molar mass of water means that particles having an avocado constant are contained per mole of water, that is, the molar mass of water is 18 g/mol.
It should be noted that the execution sequence of step S201 and step S202 is not limited to the above, and may be executed in parallel, or step S202 may be executed first and then step S201 is executed, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Step S203: the opening degree of the second control valve is controlled according to the mass flow of the fuel to be used, and the opening degree of the third control valve is controlled according to the mass flow of the water to be used.
In the process of implementing step S203 specifically, the FCU controls the opening degree of the second control valve according to the mass flow rate of the fuel to be used, so as to implement the control of the input flow rate of the fuel based on the opening degree of the second control valve, and inputs the control to the fuel reformer; and controlling the opening of the third control valve according to the water mass flow to be used so as to control the input flow of the deionized water based on the opening of the third control valve, and inputting the deionized water to the evaporator to obtain the water vapor.
Step S204: and detecting the temperature of the SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) stack in real time, and controlling the opening of the first control valve according to the temperature of the SOFC stack.
In the process of specifically implementing the step S204, the SOFC stack temperature is detected in real time according to a temperature sensor disposed at an outlet of the SOFC stack, and the FCU obtains the SOFC stack temperature detected in real time by the temperature sensor, and controls the opening of the first control valve according to the SOFC stack temperature, so as to implement control of the input flow rate of the air based on the opening of the first control valve, and input the air to the air heater.
In the embodiment of the invention, the fuel reformer carries out reforming reaction on the fuel input through the second control valve and the steam input through the evaporator at the temperature of the tail gas combustor provided by the tail gas combustor to generate the mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide; and the mixed gas is input into an anode in the SOFC pile; oxygen heated by the air heater is input to a cathode in the SOFC stack, and the oxygen at the cathode in the SOFC stack reacts with a mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide at an anode in the SOFC stack, namely chemical energy in fuel is converted into electric energy.
Optionally, the current generated by the reaction of the oxygen, the natural gas fuel and the deionized water input by the current SOFC stack based on the opening degrees of the first control valve, the second control valve and the third control valve is obtained. And enabling the DCDC to control the output of the current according to a current control command generated by the power demand of the load, and supplying power to the load of the whole vehicle.
In the embodiment of the invention, the natural gas fuel components are detected in real time through the gas component detector, and the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components is determined. Calculating the fuel mass flow required by the current target value generated by the SOFC stack according to the current target value required by the SOFC stack and the molar ratio of natural gas fuel components; and calculating the water mass flow required by the current target value generated by the SOFC stack according to the fuel mass flow and the water-carbon ratio so as to control the opening degree of the respective control valve of the fuel and the deionized water, and controlling the opening degree of the control valve corresponding to the air according to the SOFC stack temperature so as to control the fuel, the deionized water and the air to enter the SOFC stack based on the opening degree of each control valve, so that the SOFC stack generates the required current target value. Therefore, the method can adapt to the requirements of natural gas fuels of different types and concentrations, reduce the damage speed of the SOFC system and improve the conversion rate of the natural gas fuel.
Based on the above-mentioned SOFC system control method shown in fig. 2, in step S201, a process of obtaining a fuel mass flow to be used according to a current target value required by the SOFC stack and a molar ratio determined based on a natural gas fuel component detected by the gas component detector is executed, as shown in fig. 3, including the following steps:
step S301: and calculating according to a preset current target value and a fuel utilization rate target value to determine the molar flow of the hydrogen.
In the process of specifically implementing step S301, the molar flow rate dmolH of hydrogen is calculated by the formula (3) based on the preset target value of current and the target value of fuel utilization2。
Formula (3):
Figure BDA0002559453450000101
wherein, IdFU is a target fuel utilization for a predetermined target current value, and Fa is a Faraday constant.
It should be noted that the target fuel utilization is calibrated to the inside of the FCU according to the characteristics of the fuel cell itself, and the target fuel utilization may range from 0.5 to 0.8, such as: the fuel utilization target value of 0.5 is calibrated to the inside of the FCU according to the characteristics of the fuel cell itself.
The faraday constant is a physical constant that represents the charge carried per mole of electron.
Step S302: and acquiring the natural gas fuel component detected by the gas component detector, and determining the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel component based on the natural gas fuel component.
In the process of implementing step S302 specifically, carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms, and oxygen atoms in the natural gas fuel detected by the gas component detector are acquired, and the molar ratio of the carbon atoms, the hydrogen atoms, and the oxygen atoms in the natural gas fuel is determined based on the natural gas fuel components.
Step S303: and determining the coefficients of the mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated by reforming the hydrocarbon and the oxygen according to the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components.
In the process of implementing step S303, the molar ratio of carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms determined in step S302 is input into equation (1) for calculation, so as to determine the coefficient of hydrogen generated by reforming hydrocarbon and oxygen compounds as
Figure BDA0002559453450000114
The coefficient of carbon dioxide is x.
Step S304: and calculating by utilizing the molar flow of the hydrogen, the coefficient of the hydrogen and the preset molar gas volume to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used.
In the process of specifically implementing step S304, the calculating with the molar flow rate of hydrogen, the coefficient of hydrogen, and the preset molar gas volume to obtain the mass flow rate of the fuel to be used includes the following steps:
step S31: and calculating the quotient of the molar flow of the hydrogen and the coefficient of the hydrogen to obtain the molar flow of the fuel.
In the specific implementation of step S31, based on the molar flow rate dmolH of hydrogen obtained in step S3012Coefficient of hydrogen determined in step S302
Figure BDA0002559453450000111
The molar flow dmolC of the fuel is obtained by calculation according to the formula (4)xHyOz。
Formula (4):
Figure BDA0002559453450000112
wherein, dmols H2The molar flow rate of the hydrogen is the molar flow rate of the hydrogen,
Figure BDA0002559453450000113
is the coefficient of hydrogen.
Step S32: the fuel density is determined from the molar flow rate of the fuel.
In the process of implementing step S32, a calculation is performed using the molar flow rate of the fuel to determine the current density of the fuel.
Step S33: and calculating the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the preset molar gas volume and the fuel density to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used.
In step S33, since the volume occupied by 1 mole of any desired gas is about 22.4 liters under the standard condition, the molar gas volume is set to 22.4 liters/mole in advance.
In the case of the specific implementation of step S33In-process, fuel-based molar flow dmolCxHyOzThe preset molar gas volume and the fuel density, and the mass flow dmC of the fuel to be used is calculated by the formula (5)xHyOz。
Formula (5):
dmCxHyOZ＝Vm×dmolCxHyOZ×ρ (5)
wherein, VmvIn molar gas volume, ρ is fuel density, dmolCxHyOzIs the molar flow rate of the fuel.
In the embodiment of the invention, the molar flow of the hydrogen is determined by calculating according to the preset current target value and the fuel utilization rate target value. Acquiring natural gas fuel components detected by a gas component detector, and determining the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components based on the natural gas fuel components; determining respective coefficients of mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated by reforming hydrocarbon and oxygen according to the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components; and calculating by utilizing the molar flow of the hydrogen, the coefficient of the hydrogen and the preset molar gas volume to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used. And calculating the water mass flow required by the target current value generated by the SOFC electric stack. The opening degree of the control valve of each of the fuel and the deionized water is controlled conveniently, and the opening degree of the control valve corresponding to the air is controlled according to the temperature of the SOFC stack, so that the fuel, the deionized water and the air are controlled to enter the SOFC stack based on the opening degree of each control valve, and the SOFC stack generates a required current target value. Therefore, the method can adapt to the requirements of natural gas fuels of different types and concentrations, reduce the damage speed of the SOFC system and improve the conversion rate of the natural gas fuel.
Corresponding to the control method of the SOFC system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses a schematic structural diagram of a control device of the SOFC system, as shown in fig. 4, the control device of the SOFC system includes:
the first processing module 401 is used for obtaining the fuel mass flow to be used according to the current target value required by the SOFC electric stack and the molar ratio determined based on the natural gas fuel component detected by the fuel gas component detector.
A second processing module 402 for deriving a water mass flow to be used based on the fuel mass flow and the water-to-carbon ratio that meets the reforming requirements.
A first control module 403, configured to control the opening of the second control valve according to the fuel mass flow to be used, and control the opening of the third control valve according to the water mass flow to be used.
And the second control module 404 is configured to detect the SOFC stack temperature in real time, and control the opening of the first control valve according to the SOFC stack temperature.
It should be noted that, the specific principle and the implementation procedure of each unit in the control device of the SOFC system disclosed in the above embodiment of the present invention are the same as the control method of the SOFC system shown in the above embodiment of the present invention, and reference may be made to corresponding parts in the control method of the SOFC system disclosed in the above embodiment of the present invention, and details are not described here again.
In the embodiment of the invention, the natural gas fuel components are detected in real time through the gas component detector, and the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components is determined. Calculating the fuel mass flow required by the current target value generated by the SOFC stack according to the current target value required by the SOFC stack and the molar ratio of natural gas fuel components; and calculating the water mass flow required by the current target value generated by the SOFC stack according to the fuel mass flow and the water-carbon ratio so as to control the opening degree of the respective control valve of the fuel and the deionized water, and controlling the opening degree of the control valve corresponding to the air according to the temperature of the SOFC stack, so as to control the fuel, the deionized water and the air to enter the SOFC stack based on the opening degree of each control valve, and enable the SOFC stack to generate the required current target value. Thereby being capable of adapting to the requirements of natural gas fuels of different types and concentrations to reduce the damage speed of the SOFC system and improve the conversion rate of the natural gas fuel
In the control device of the SOFC system shown in fig. 4, the first process module 401 includes:
and the first calculating unit is used for calculating according to a preset current target value and a preset fuel utilization rate target value and determining the molar flow of the hydrogen.
And the first determination unit is used for acquiring the natural gas fuel components detected by the gas component detector and determining the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components based on the natural gas fuel components.
The natural gas fuel contains carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms, and oxygen atoms.
And the second determination unit is used for determining the coefficients of the mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated by reforming the hydrocarbon and the oxygen compound according to the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components.
And the second calculating unit is used for calculating by utilizing the molar flow of the hydrogen, the coefficient of the hydrogen and the preset molar gas volume to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used.
Optionally, the second calculating unit is specifically configured to calculate a quotient of the molar flow of the hydrogen and a coefficient of the hydrogen, so as to obtain the molar flow of the fuel; determining the fuel density according to the molar flow of the fuel; and calculating the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the preset molar gas volume and the fuel density to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used.
In the embodiment of the invention, the molar flow of the hydrogen is determined by calculating according to the preset current target value and the fuel utilization rate target value. Acquiring natural gas fuel components detected by a gas component detector, and determining the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components based on the natural gas fuel components; determining respective coefficients of mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated by reforming hydrocarbon and oxygen according to the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components; and calculating by utilizing the molar flow of the hydrogen, the coefficient of the hydrogen and the preset molar gas volume to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used. And calculating the water mass flow required by the target current value generated by the SOFC electric stack. The opening degree of the control valve of each of the fuel and the deionized water is controlled conveniently, and the opening degree of the control valve corresponding to the air is controlled according to the temperature of the SOFC stack, so that the fuel, the deionized water and the air are controlled to enter the SOFC stack based on the opening degree of each control valve, and the SOFC stack generates a required current target value. Therefore, the method can adapt to the requirements of natural gas fuels of different types and concentrations, reduce the damage speed of the SOFC system and improve the conversion rate of the natural gas fuel.
In the control device of the SOFC system shown in fig. 4, the second processing module 402 includes:
and the third determining unit is used for determining the molar flow of the fuel according to the fuel mass flow.
And the third calculating unit is used for calculating the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement and the standard water molar mass to obtain the water mass flow to be used.
In the embodiment of the invention, the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement and the standard water molar mass is calculated to obtain the mass flow of the water to be used, so that the mass flow of the fuel required by the target value of the current generated by the SOFC galvanic pile is calculated; the opening degree of the control valve of each of the fuel and the deionized water is controlled conveniently, and the opening degree of the control valve corresponding to the air is controlled according to the temperature of the SOFC stack, so that the fuel, the deionized water and the air are controlled to enter the SOFC stack based on the opening degree of each control valve, and the SOFC stack generates a required current target value. Therefore, the method can adapt to the requirements of natural gas fuels of different types and concentrations, reduce the damage speed of the SOFC system and improve the conversion rate of the natural gas fuel.
Based on the control device of the SOFC system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, each of the modules may be implemented by an FCU hardware device including a processor and a memory, and specifically, the FCU hardware device includes: the modules are stored in a memory as program means, and a processor calls the program means in the memory to realize a control method of the SOFC system.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, the system or system embodiments are substantially similar to the method embodiments and therefore are described in a relatively simple manner, and reference may be made to some of the descriptions of the method embodiments for related points. The above-described system and system embodiments are only illustrative, wherein the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A control method of an SOFC system, wherein a first control valve controlling an air inflow amount, a second control valve controlling a fuel inflow amount, and a third control valve controlling a water inflow amount of deionized water are provided in the SOFC system, and wherein the fuel component detector is provided between the second control valve and a fuel inlet, the control method of the SOFC system comprising:
obtaining the mass flow of the fuel to be used according to a current target value required by the SOFC galvanic pile and a molar ratio determined on the basis of the natural gas fuel component detected by the fuel gas component detector;
obtaining the mass flow of water to be used based on the mass flow of the fuel and the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement;
controlling the opening degree of the second control valve according to the mass flow of the fuel to be used, and controlling the opening degree of the third control valve according to the mass flow of the water to be used;
and detecting the temperature of the SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) stack in real time, and controlling the opening of the first control valve according to the temperature of the SOFC stack.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the deriving the fuel mass flow to be used from the desired current target value for the SOFC stack and the determined molar ratio based on the natural gas fuel composition detected by the gas composition detector comprises:
calculating according to the preset current target value and the fuel utilization rate target value to determine the molar flow of the hydrogen;
acquiring natural gas fuel components detected by a gas component detector, and determining the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components based on the natural gas fuel components, wherein the natural gas fuel components are carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms;
determining the coefficients of the mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated by reforming hydrocarbon and oxygen according to the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components;
and calculating by utilizing the molar flow of the hydrogen, the coefficient of the hydrogen and the preset molar gas volume to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the calculating using the molar flow rate of hydrogen, the coefficient of hydrogen, and the preset molar gas volume to obtain the mass flow rate of the fuel to be used comprises:
calculating a quotient value of the molar flow of the hydrogen and the coefficient of the hydrogen to obtain the molar flow of the fuel;
determining the fuel density according to the molar flow of the fuel;
and calculating the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the preset molar gas volume and the fuel density to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein deriving a water mass flow to be used based on the fuel mass flow and a water to carbon ratio that meets reforming requirements comprises:
determining the molar flow of the fuel according to the fuel mass flow;
and calculating the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement and the standard water molar mass to obtain the water mass flow to be used.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the obtaining of the target current value required by the SOFC stack comprises:
acquiring the power requirement of a load;
and generating a current control instruction based on the power requirement of the load, so that the DCDC controls the current SOFC stack to output a current target value required by the SOFC stack based on the current control instruction.
6. A control device for an SOFC system, the device comprising:
the first processing module is used for obtaining the mass flow of the fuel to be used according to a current target value required by the SOFC pile and a molar ratio determined based on the natural gas fuel component detected by the fuel gas component detector;
the second processing module is used for obtaining the water mass flow to be used based on the fuel mass flow and the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement;
the first control module is used for controlling the opening degree of the second control valve according to the mass flow of the fuel to be used and controlling the opening degree of the third control valve according to the mass flow of the water to be used;
and the second control module is used for detecting the SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) stack temperature in real time and controlling the opening of the first control valve according to the SOFC stack temperature.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first processing module comprises:
the first calculating unit is used for calculating according to the preset current target value and the fuel utilization rate target value and determining the molar flow of the hydrogen;
the first determination unit is used for acquiring natural gas fuel components detected by the gas component detector and determining the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components based on the natural gas fuel components, wherein the natural gas fuel components are carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms;
a second determination unit, which is used for determining the respective coefficients of the mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide generated by reforming hydrocarbon and oxygen according to the molar ratio of the natural gas fuel components;
and the second calculating unit is used for calculating by utilizing the molar flow of the hydrogen, the coefficient of the hydrogen and the preset molar gas volume to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the second determining unit is specifically configured to: calculating a quotient value of the molar flow of the hydrogen and the coefficient of the hydrogen to obtain the molar flow of the fuel; determining the fuel density according to the molar flow of the fuel; and calculating the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the preset molar gas volume and the fuel density to obtain the mass flow of the fuel to be used.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second processing module comprises:
the third determining unit is used for determining the molar flow of the fuel according to the fuel mass flow;
and the third calculating unit is used for calculating the product of the molar flow of the fuel, the water-carbon ratio meeting the reforming requirement and the standard water molar mass to obtain the water mass flow to be used.
10. A fuel cell system controller, FCU, characterized in that the FCU comprises: a processor and a memory, the memory having stored therein a computer program, the processor executing the computer program to implement the control method of the SOFC system of any of claims 1-5.
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