CN111722267B - Detection tracking method for magnetic layer energy particle event explosion source - Google Patents

Detection tracking method for magnetic layer energy particle event explosion source Download PDF

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CN111722267B
CN111722267B CN202010578605.4A CN202010578605A CN111722267B CN 111722267 B CN111722267 B CN 111722267B CN 202010578605 A CN202010578605 A CN 202010578605A CN 111722267 B CN111722267 B CN 111722267B
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路立
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National Space Science Center of CAS
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/36—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry
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    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for detecting and tracking a magnetic layer energetic particle event explosion source, which comprises the following steps: collecting and continuously recording the whole process of particle explosion events through a neutral atom imager; counting energy neutral atomic energy spectrums recorded by particle explosion events in different energy ranges, and drawing the energy neutral atomic energy spectrums of the particle explosion events; according to the energy neutral atomic energy spectrogram of the particle explosion event, calculating the time difference of the peak value responses of the neutral atomic energy spectrums of two different energy sections in the same particle explosion event, thereby obtaining the total running distance from triggering to entering the neutral atomic imager of the energy particles; calculating the energy ion folding straight-line running distance from the energy ion triggering source position to the low-height neutral atom radiation source position for generating energy neutral atoms in the particle explosion event; and analyzing the position of the trigger source of the particle explosion event according to the energy ion folding straight line running distance and the throwing angle of the energy ions from the position of the trigger source to the position of the low-height neutral atom radiation source.

Description

Detection tracking method for magnetic layer energy particle event explosion source
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geomagnetic activities, in particular to a detection and tracking method for a magnetic layer energy particle event burst source.
Background
Geomagnetic activity events are caused by solar wind generated by solar activity events, but how solar wind particles input energy carried by the solar wind particles to the geomagnetic layer is an unsolved problem that the physics of the magnetic layer is exploring. The previous researches tend to the magnetic tail reconnection caused by solar wind, the magnetic layer top reconnection generated in the south direction of a interplanetary magnetic field, the energy ion throwing angle diffusion in the magnetic tail deformation process caused by the solar wind pressure and the like, and the energy ions respectively point to different particle event trigger source positions. This problem has been difficult to establish since the spatial plasma distribution is not visible under current technology conditions, and in-situ detection does not have a global field of view.
The neutral atom imaging technology opens up a new path for the problem research, but the time resolution of the neutral atom imager designed in the past is low, and the magnetic layer energy ion radiation source and the neutral atom radiation source are not overlapped, so that a new obstacle for the problem research is formed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provides a method for detecting and tracking a magnetic layer energetic particle event explosion source.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for detecting and tracking a magnetic layer energetic particle event burst source, the method comprising:
upgrading data acquisition of a neutral atom imager to a code modulation mode for recording single particle events, and acquiring and continuously recording the whole process of particle explosion events;
counting energy neutral atomic energy spectrums recorded by particle explosion events in different energy ranges, and drawing the energy neutral atomic energy spectrums of the particle explosion events;
according to the energy neutral atomic energy spectrogram of the particle explosion event, calculating the time difference of the peak value responses of the neutral atomic energy spectrums of two different energy sections in the same particle explosion event, thereby obtaining the total running distance from triggering to entering the neutral atomic imager of the energy particles;
subtracting the running distance of the energy neutral atoms from the low-height neutral atom radiation source to the neutral atom imager from the running total distance to obtain the energy ion reduced straight-line running distance from the energy ion trigger source position to the low-height neutral atom radiation source position for generating the energy neutral atoms in the particle explosion event;
and analyzing the position of the trigger source of the particle explosion event according to the energy ion folding straight line running distance and the throwing angle of the energy ions from the position of the trigger source to the position of the low-height neutral atom radiation source.
As an improvement to the above method, the particle explosion event is recorded as: p (t, x, y, E); wherein t is the acquisition time of a particle explosion event; x and y respectively represent the elevation angle and the azimuth angle of the incident direction of particle explosion event collection; e is the energy of the particle explosion event; wherein the incident direction of the particle explosion event contains information of the throw angle α of the ion form of the neutral atom before charge exchange.
As an improvement of the above method, the energy spectrum map is used to find the peak of the particle energy spectrum in different energy ranges.
As an improvement of the above method, the time difference of the peak responses of the neutral atomic energy spectra of two different energy segments in the same particle explosion event is calculated according to the energy neutral atomic energy spectra of the particle explosion event, so as to obtain the total distance of the energy particles from triggering to entering the neutral atomic imager; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining the energy section E of the same particle explosion event according to the energy spectrum diagram of the particle explosion event1Event response time t1(ii) a Obtaining the same particle explosion event in the energy segment E2Event response time t2；
Calculating the time difference Δ t ═ t2-t1；
Calculating the total distance D of the particles from the trigger source to the neutral atom imager:
Figure BDA0002552248180000021
wherein E is1>E2，v(E1) Is particles in energy segment E1The flying speed of (d); v (E)2) Particle in energy segment E2The flying speed of (2).
As an improvement of the above method, the trigger source position of the particle explosion event is analyzed according to the energy ion reduced straight-line running distance from the trigger source position to the low-height neutral atomic radiation source position and the throwing angle of the energy ions; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the energy ion travel distance d of the particles from the position of the trigger source to the position of the low-height neutral atomic radiation sourcep：
dp＝(D-dH)cos(α)
Wherein d isHTo be able toMeasuring the running distance of neutral atoms from a low-height neutral atom radiation source to a satellite position carrying a neutral atom imager; alpha is the throwing angle of the energy ions;
according to the precession distance d of the energy ion making spiral motion along the magnetic linepThe trigger source location of the particle burst event is analyzed.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the method of the invention firstly provides a mode of measuring the energy spectrum response time difference by using ENA with different energy, and can track the explosive particle trigger source of geomagnetic activity;
2. the magnetic layer energy particle tracking detection method can be used for breaking through a new opportunity for the research on the magnetic layer physical core problem; the conclusion obtained by using the method cannot be used as a direct detection evidence of the geomagnetic activity particle trigger source, and the particle detection tracking method has very important scientific significance for auxiliary judgment of the energy ion trigger source due to obvious difference of ion transmission distances in three theoretical models researched in the past.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the energy particle transmission spectrum at earth radius according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
When a particle explosion event occurs, charge exchange is carried out on the generated energy protons from the position of a trigger source of the particle explosion event to the position of a low-height neutral atom radiation source, the energy protons are changed from the protons to hydrogen atoms, and a neutral atom imager on the satellite detects the hydrogen atoms and records the parameters of the hydrogen atoms. The low altitude neutral atomic radiation source is located at 1000-3000 km from the earth's surface, the location of which is known.
For particles with specific energy E, the transport path D can be divided into two sections: dpA distance from the energy proton trigger to charge exchange at the low-height neutral atomic radiation source where the particles change from protons to hydrogen atoms through charge exchange; dHFor propagation of hydrogen atoms from a polar low-height neutral atomic radiation source to a neutral atomic imagerDistance:
Figure BDA0002552248180000031
here, the
Figure BDA0002552248180000032
Wherein v (E) is the operating speed of the energetic ion; t is tpTime of flight for charge exchange from energetic proton triggering to low-altitude neutral atomic radiation source, tHAlpha is the throw angle of the energetic ion, which is the time of flight of a hydrogen atom from a low-altitude neutral atom radiation source to a neutral atom imager.
The ENA (energy neutral atom) images detected by the neutral atom imager are always related to geomagnetic activity, have event characteristics, and have an energy particle trigger source which can be traced. Neutral atom imager with two-dimensional coded modulation design for recording a single ENA event, piThe time resolution of (t, x, y, E) is improved to below 1 ms. The ion running speeds are different with different energies, and the ion running time is shorter when the energy of the same transport distance is higher, see table 1:
table 1: distance and time of transmission of hydrogen atoms of different energies
Figure BDA0002552248180000041
From the differences in the time response of the energy spectrum curves of the different energy bands, as shown in fig. 1, the position of the radiation source of the energy particles can be deduced, and a smaller difference in the time response indicates a shorter travel distance of the energy ions causing the charge exchange. It is generally believed that there are two possible sources of energetic ions: one is the energy ion diffusion directly from the solar wind in the pole tip region, and the other is the energy ion sedimentation accelerated along the magnetic lines of the magnetic tail. The ENA spectrum time difference generated by the two can be calculated according to different propagation distances. For 10KeV and 100KeV protons at 1RETransmission distanceThe difference in spectral response is about 3.16 seconds; the difference between the energy spectrum response of 100KeV and 1MeV protons at 1RE transmission distance is only about 1 second, as shown in table 1 and fig. 1. This problem has not been solved before probably because the time resolution of the ENA images obtained by detection is too poor, and the use of two-dimensional aperture coding technology can make the ENA detection spectral data collection no different from the in-situ detection. This provides a new technical means for energy ion tracking that produces ENA radiation enhancement during earth motion.
Based on the analysis, the invention provides a method for detecting and tracking a magnetic layer energetic particle event explosion source, which comprises the following steps:
1. upgrading data acquisition of a neutral atom imager to a modulation mode for recording single event codes;
2. counting and drawing energy spectrums of explosive particle events in different energy ranges to obtain an ENA energy spectrum with high time resolution;
3. calculating the response time difference of explosive particle events of different energy sections;
energy particle explosion event identification is given by ENA imaging detection of a neutral atom imager; analyzing a possible trigger source area of the explosive energy particle event through the ENA energy spectrum response time difference of a specific event.
Obtaining the energy section E of the same particle explosion event according to the energy spectrum diagram of the particle explosion event1Event response time t1(ii) a Obtaining the same particle explosion event in energy segment E2Event response time t2；
Calculating the time difference Δ t ═ t2-t1；
Calculating the total distance D of the particles from the trigger source to the neutral atom imager:
Figure BDA0002552248180000051
wherein E is1>E2，v(E1) Is particles in energy segment E1The flying speed of (d); v (E)2) Particle in energy segment E2The flying speed of (2).
4. And subtracting the ENA running distance generated by the low-height neutral atom radiation source to the detector from the total distance D, calculating the energy ion running distance before the ENA is generated, and analyzing the position of the trigger source of the explosive particle event.
Calculating the energy ion travel distance d of the particles from the position of the trigger source to the position of the low-height neutral atomic radiation sourcep：
dp＝(D-dH)cos(α)
Wherein d isHThe running distance of the energy neutral atoms from the low-height neutral atom radiation source to the position of a satellite carrying the neutral atom imager is determined; alpha is the throwing angle of the energy ions;
according to the precession distance d of the energy ion making spiral motion along the magnetic linepThe trigger source location of the particle burst event is analyzed.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A method for probe tracking of a source of a magnetic-layer energetic particle event explosion, the method comprising:
upgrading data acquisition of a neutral atom imager to a code modulation mode for recording single particle events, and acquiring and continuously recording the whole process of particle explosion events;
counting energy neutral atomic energy spectrums recorded by particle explosion events in different energy ranges, and drawing the energy neutral atomic energy spectrums of the particle explosion events;
according to the energy neutral atomic energy spectrogram of the particle explosion event, calculating the time difference of the peak value responses of the neutral atomic energy spectrums of two different energy sections in the same particle explosion event, thereby obtaining the total running distance of the energy particles from a trigger source to the neutral atomic imager;
subtracting the running distance of the energy neutral atoms from the low-height neutral atom radiation source to the neutral atom imager from the running total distance to obtain the energy ion reduced straight-line running distance from the energy ion triggering source to the low-height neutral atom radiation source for generating the energy neutral atoms in the particle explosion event;
and analyzing the position of the trigger source of the particle explosion event according to the energy ion folding straight line running distance from the trigger source to the low-height neutral atom radiation source and the throwing angle of the energy ions.
2. The method for probe tracking of a source of a magnetic energized particle event explosion of claim 1, wherein the particle explosion event is recorded as: p (t, x, y, E); wherein t is the acquisition time of a particle explosion event; x and y respectively represent the elevation angle and the azimuth angle of the particle explosion event acquisition incident direction; e is the energy of the particle explosion event; wherein the incident direction of the particle explosion event contains information of the throw angle α of the ion form of the neutral atom before charge exchange.
3. The method for detecting and tracking the magnetic layer energy particle event explosion source as claimed in claim 2, wherein the energy spectrum is used for finding the peak of the particle energy spectrum in different energy ranges.
4. The method for detecting and tracking the magnetic layer energy particle event explosion source according to claim 3, wherein the time difference of the peak responses of the neutral atomic energy spectrums of two different energy segments in the same particle explosion event is calculated according to the energy neutral atomic energy spectrogram of the particle explosion event, so as to obtain the total running distance of the energy particle from the trigger source to the neutral atomic imager; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining the energy section E of the same particle explosion event according to the energy spectrum diagram of the particle explosion event1Event response time t1(ii) a Obtaining the same particle explosion event in energy segment E2Event response time t2；
Calculating the time difference Δ t ═ t2-t1；
Calculating the total distance D of the particles from the trigger source to the neutral atom imager:
Figure FDA0002552248170000021
wherein E is1>E2，v(E1) In energy segment E for the particles1The flying speed of (d); v (E)2) Particle in energy segment E2The flying speed of (2).
5. The method for detecting and tracking the event burst source of the magnetic energy particle according to claim 4, wherein the position of the trigger source of the particle burst event is analyzed according to the energy ion folding straight-line travel distance and the throwing angle of the energy ion of the particle from the position of the trigger source to the position of the low-height neutral atomic radiation source; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
calculating the energy ion travel distance d of the particles from the position of the trigger source to the position of the low-height neutral atomic radiation sourcep：
dp＝(D-dH)cos(α)
Wherein d isHThe running distance of the energy neutral atoms from the low-height neutral atom radiation source to the position of a satellite carrying the neutral atom imager is determined; alpha is the throwing angle of the energy ions;
according to the precession distance d of the energy ion making spiral motion along the magnetic linepThe trigger source location of the particle burst event is analyzed.
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