CN103916145A - Rotating feed-source radiotelescope receiver system - Google Patents
Rotating feed-source radiotelescope receiver system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103916145A CN103916145A CN201310021598.8A CN201310021598A CN103916145A CN 103916145 A CN103916145 A CN 103916145A CN 201310021598 A CN201310021598 A CN 201310021598A CN 103916145 A CN103916145 A CN 103916145A
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Abstract
The invention provides a rotating feed-source radiotelescope receiver system which comprises a main feed-source horn, a main receiver, two auxiliary feed-source horns, two auxiliary receivers, a signal processing unit, a rotating arm and a rotating arm control unit. The two auxiliary feed-source horns are arranged on the two sides of the main feed-source horn respectively, and the two auxiliary feed-source horns and the main feed-source horn are located on an identical straight line on a focal plane of a radiotelescope. The two auxiliary receivers are connected to the two auxiliary feed-source horns independently and respectively. The signal processing unit is used for processing digital signals collected by the main receiver and the auxiliary receivers. The main feed-source horn is arranged in the center of the rotating arm, the auxiliary feed-source horns are arranged at the two ends of the rotating arm, and the rotating arm can rotate around a center. The rotating arm control unit controls the rotating arm to rotate. The rotating feed-source radiotelescope receiver system lowers the technical difficulty for achieving multi-feed-source receivers, and improves the precision of using the radiotelescope for detecting space debris.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio space exploration technical field, particularly a kind of rotation feed radio telescope receiver system.
Background technology
Various countries' quickening in recent years can be to the development and utilization of space resources, and launch activities has frequently also caused a large amount of appearance of space junk.Space junk comprises the fragment that satellite, rocket carrier, operability fragment and the blast of inefficacy produce etc.Space junk is mainly distributed on Low Earth Orbit and geostationary orbit.Generally adopt ground optical telescope to carry out tracking and monitoring for the extraterrestrial target on geostationary orbit band and space junk, and fragment target on Low Earth Orbit generally adopt radar to observe.But because the detectivity of radar itself is limited, present stage has only been realized the routine detection that is greater than the space junk target of 10cm for size, is to utilize the collaborative ground radar system of radio telescope to form bistatic detection system for a kind of effectively detection method of the space junk target that is less than 10cm.
Along with the development of astronomical theory and various countries are for the concern of astronomical cause, corresponding astronomical science technology and large-scale astronomical equipment manufacturing technology have great development, and large quantities of all kinds of ground optics and radio telescope system have been built in the whole world in recent years.Utilize these advanced high sensitivity, Large-diameter Radio Telescope space exploration fragment target to improve significantly space junk, the especially detectivity of the space junk below 10cm.Traditional radio telescope generally uses single channel feed receiver system, in the time applying it to the detection of Low Earth Orbit space junk, mostly can only measure distance and the positional information of fragment target, and because the flying speed of space junk is very large, the time of passing through antenna beam is very short, the collectable scatter echo number of single is tens between hundreds of, and data volume is very little.Be unfavorable for orbit parameter to target and the accurate estimation of Target scatter section area.A kind of reasonable improving one's methods is that the many feeds receiver adopting while utilizing radio telescope to tour the heavens is collected fragment scattered signal.But due to the general structure that adopts 7 feeds or 13 feed annular array of the many feeds receiver for touring the heavens related, and the interval between wave beam is larger, duration of work can produce the data of magnanimity, echo situation complexity, in fact existing many feeds receiver is also not suitable for space junk to survey.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the invention is to propose a kind of rotation feed radio telescope receiver system, a kind of rotation feed radio telescope receiver system, comprises main Feed Horn, main receiver; And two auxiliary Feed Horns, be arranged at respectively main Feed Horn both sides, make two auxiliary Feed Horns and main Feed Horn be positioned at the logical straight line on the focal plane of radio telescope; Two auxiliary receivers, are independently connected to respectively two auxiliary Feed Horns, export to signal processing unit for the electromagnetic signal of auxiliary Feed Horn is changed into digital signal; Signal processing unit, for the treatment of the digital signal of main receiver and auxiliary receiver collection; Turning arm, is connected to main Feed Horn and two auxiliary Feed Horns, and main Feed Horn is arranged on turning arm center, and auxiliary Feed Horn is arranged on the two ends of turning arm, and turning arm can be around center rotating; Turning arm control unit, angle and the speed of rotating for controlling turning arm.The invention allows for a kind of space debris detection method based on rotation feed radio telescope receiver system simultaneously, comprising: radio telescope points to and treats observation district, and received beam and synergistic signal source beam intersection are at height to be measured; Adjust rotation feed radio telescope receiver, main feed source and the received beam center place straight line of two auxiliary feed generations and the angle of celestial equator are fixed; The electromagnetic wave that receives the synergistic signal source transmitting of the space junk scattering through treating observation district, changes into digital signal and sends to signal processing unit; Signal processing unit receives the digital signal of main receiver and auxiliary receiver, extracts the space junk information in digital signal.
Rotation feed radio telescope receiver system proposed by the invention and the space debris detection method based on rotation feed radio telescope receiver system can effectively improve utilizes radio telescope to estimate fragment target track information and the long-pending accuracy of scattering section, can too not reduce the efficiency of information processing simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the one rotation feed radio telescope receiver system structured flowchart that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of a kind of space debris detection method based on rotation feed radio telescope receiver system of providing of the embodiment of the present invention;
embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand better the present invention program, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of embodiment that rotates feed radio telescope receiver system provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprise: main Feed Horn 1, be positioned on the focal plane of parabolic antenna, the radio wave signal receiving for collecting parabolic antenna, radio wave is changed into faint analog electrical signal, and be transferred to main receiver 2.
Main receiver 2,, main receiver 2 is connected with main Feed Horn 1, gathers out the signal of special frequency channel, and change into digital electric signal for the analog electrical signal gathering from main Feed Horn 1.The general superheterodyne reception structure that adopts of main receiver 2, can be by being used different local oscillators to select different frequency band signals to carry out the operations such as down-conversion.Main receiver 2, by sending to signal processing unit 8 through the digital signal of amplifying, focuses on.
Auxiliary Feed Horn 3, auxiliary Feed Horn 5, is arranged at respectively main Feed Horn both sides, makes two auxiliary Feed Horns and main Feed Horn be positioned at the logical straight line on the focal plane of radio telescope.The structure of auxiliary Feed Horn 3 and auxiliary Feed Horn 5 can be completely identical with main feed source, thereby the beam shape of their three formation will be very approaching.Function and the main Feed Horn of auxiliary Feed Horn 3 and auxiliary Feed Horn 5 are in full accord, and the analog electrical signal collecting sends respectively auxiliary receiver 4 and auxiliary receiver 6 to.
Auxiliary receiver 4, auxiliary receiver 6, is independently connected to respectively auxiliary Feed Horn 3 and auxiliary Feed Horn 5.The structure of auxiliary receiver 4 and auxiliary receiver 6 can be identical with main receiver, and three uses same local oscillator, guarantees that the signal frequency range gathering is identical.The electromagnetic wave signal that auxiliary receiver 4 and auxiliary receiver 6 are collected auxiliary Feed Horn 3 and auxiliary Feed Horn 5 changes into digital signal and exports to signal processing unit 8 and focus on.
Signal processing unit 8, for the treatment of main receiver 2, the digital signal that auxiliary receiver 4 and auxiliary receiver 6 gather, therefrom extracts the signal data that comes from target, according to information such as the position and speeds of the signal analysis target proposing.
Turning arm 7, be connected to main Feed Horn 1 and auxiliary Feed Horn 3, auxiliary Feed Horn 5, main Feed Horn 1 is arranged on turning arm center, auxiliary Feed Horn 3, auxiliary Feed Horn 5 are arranged on the two ends of turning arm 7, turning arm 7 is subject to the control of turning arm control unit 10, relies on the power that stepping motor 9 provides, can be around center rotating, the direction of rotating can be Double-directional rotary, can be also that clockwise or counterclockwise individual event is rotated.
Stepping motor 9, for driving turning arm 7 to rotate.Turning arm control unit 10, for Driving Stepping Motor 9, controls angle and speed that turning arm 7 rotates.
Rotation feed radio telescope receiver system is protected 3 road receive paths; process 3 circuit-switched data simultaneously; manufacturing cost is relatively low, implements technical difficulty not high, applies it in the detection of space junk and can improve greatly the especially detection accuracy of fractionlet target of fragment target.
The proposition of the embodiment of the present invention 2 correspondences a kind of space debris detection method based on rotation feed radio telescope receiver system, the basic procedure of the method as shown in Figure 2, comprising:
S1: radio telescope points to and treats observation district, and received beam and synergistic signal source beam intersection are at height to be measured; Synergistic signal is a signal emitting-source, it can but to be not limited to be pulse or the specific microwave signal emission source of high bandwidth.The electromagnetic frequency of synergistic signal emission source transmitting should be fixing frequency, wavelength can still be not limited to L-band, C-band, X-band etc., under the condition allowing at synergistic signal emission source hardware condition, also can utilize frequency to window near atmosphere 93GHz, and operation wavelength is set in to mm wave band.Synergistic signal emission source can but to be not limited to be pulse wideband radar system.Synergistic signal emission source irradiates for space junk spatial emission electromagnetic wave, after running into space junk, electromagnetic wave forms scattering, a part for the energy that space junk target receives will scatter to the opposite direction of Radio Telescope Antenna direction pointed, and the electromagnetic wave energy that this part scattering is returned will be received by radio telescope.Here it should be noted that the small volume of space junk, the scattering section RCS that it produces will drop on Rayleigh region, resonance region or optical zone according to the difference of operation wavelength.Be embodied in, after space junk is approximated to spherosome, definition Ka=2 π × a/ λ is the ball girth representing with wavelength.In the time of Ka≤1, RCS is positioned at Rayleigh region, and now ball girth is much smaller than the electromagnetic wavelength of synergistic signal emission source transmitting, the now RCS of fragment and λ
-4be directly proportional, represent the value of RCS with σ, computing formula is σ=114 π
5a
6/ λ
4.And as Ka > 10, can be similar to and think that fragment RCS enters optical zone, fragment RCS meets optical characteristics, and the RCS of spherosome is σ=π a
2.In the time of 1 < Ka < 10, RCS is positioned at resonance region, because the RCS of resonance region is along with the variation of Ka exists concuss, conventionally can not design in resonance region.Can draw to draw a conclusion by simple calculating: in the time that fragment diameter is 10cm, when wavelength is greater than 0.3142 meter, when frequency is less than 0.95Ghz, fragment RCS is in Rayleigh region; When wavelength is less than 3.142 centimetres, when frequency is greater than 9.5Ghz, fragment RSC is in optical zone.In the time that fragment diameter is reduced to 1cm, corresponding, when frequency is less than 9.5Ghz, fragment RCS is in Rayleigh region; When frequency is greater than 95Ghz, fragment RCS is in optical zone.When the electromagnetic wave of synergistic signal emission source transmitting arrives space junk, the power that space junk receives can be used formula P
r1=P
tg
tσ/4 π R
t 2represent.Wherein P
tthe transmitting power of synergistic signal emission source; σ represents the RCS of fragment target; G
tit is the gain of transmitting antenna; R
tthe distance of synergistic signal emission source to space junk.
S2: adjust rotation feed radio telescope receiver, main feed source and the received beam center place straight line of two auxiliary feed generations and the angle of celestial equator are fixed.Under geocentric inertial coordinate system, can guarantee, for specifying the space junk within the scope of inclination angle to carry out scatter echo detection, when space junk target continues to pass through in the situation of three wave beams, can determine more accurately the inclination angle of space junk track.For existing detectable extraterrestrial target and space junk, most of inclination angle mainly concentrates on several main regions.Therefore, in the time that place, three received beam centers straight line carries out the adjustment of different sizes from the angle of celestial equator, can add up the space junk flow within the scope of each inclination angle, be conducive to understand the distribution situation of little space junk target and verify for the flow of statistical space fragment state and the correctness of density model.
S3: receive the electromagnetic wave of the synergistic signal source transmitting of the space junk scattering through treating observation district, change into digital signal and send to signal processing unit.Electromagnetic wave irradiation, after space junk target, is returned to ground through scattering.The energy size of space junk scattering is decided by the size of scattering section RCS.At different receiving angles, the scattering section RCS of same fragment may be different, but because most of space junk diameter is very small to the distance between detection system with respect to it, so have reason to be approximately little ball, scattering direction is omnidirectional, be each orientation scatter echo power density equate, therefore space junk should be in the echo power density of the reception antenna position of radio telescope: S
1=P
r1/ 4 π R
r 2==P
tg
tσ/16 π
2r
t 2r
r 2, wherein R
rfor time space fragment is to the distance of radio telescope.Radio telescope with described synergistic signal emission source time synchronized after, receive and after described space junk scattering, turn back to the electromagnetic wave on ground.Radio telescope, in the time receiving space junk scattering electromagnetic wave, utilizes the receiver of superhet form to guarantee to be operated in same wavelength with described synergistic signal emission source.If use A
ethe capture area that represents the reception antenna of radio telescope, the power receiving is P
r=S
1a
e=P
r1a
e/ 4 π R
r 2, finally can be expressed as: P
r=P
tg
ta
eσ/16 π
2r
t 2r
r 2.In fact above-mentioned formula is exactly the bistatic radar equation of simplifying version.Electromagnetic wave changes into digital signal in receiver, through processing such as frequency conversion, amplifications, sends to signal processing unit.
S4: signal processing unit receives the digital signal of main receiver and auxiliary receiver, extracts the space junk information in digital signal.At signal processing unit, the signal receiving and detection threshold are compared, when the minimum detectable range that has exceeded radio telescope receiver when the power peak receiving goes out performance number, can realize the detection to space junk target.Temporal information, doppler information positional information that the same fragment target being consecutively detected is comprised are extracted and merge, and finally can roughly determine the orbit information of the fragment target detecting.
Because radio telescope itself has the feature of heavy caliber, narrow beam, high antenna gain, make it possible to detect more faint scattered signal in the electromagnetic wave receiving, rotation feed multibeam receiver system has further promoted detectivity and the detection efficient of space junk.
In sum, compared with prior art, the invention provides a kind of a kind of feed radio telescope receiver system and space debris detection method based on rotation feed radio telescope receiver system of rotating, can effectively improve China's present stage to space debris detection ability, and the method utilizes existing equipment can realize the detection of degree of precision by upgrading, has reduced the cost and the technical difficulty that realize the required input of technical method.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications to the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a rotation feed radio telescope receiver system, comprise main Feed Horn, main receiver, it is characterized in that, also comprise: two auxiliary Feed Horns, be arranged at respectively main Feed Horn both sides, make two auxiliary Feed Horns and main Feed Horn be positioned at the logical straight line on the focal plane of radio telescope; Two auxiliary receivers, are independently connected to respectively two auxiliary Feed Horns, export to signal processing unit for the electromagnetic signal of auxiliary Feed Horn is changed into digital signal; Signal processing unit, for the treatment of the digital signal of main receiver and auxiliary receiver collection; Turning arm, is connected to main Feed Horn and two auxiliary Feed Horns, and main Feed Horn is arranged on turning arm center, and auxiliary Feed Horn is arranged on the two ends of turning arm, and turning arm can be around center rotating; Turning arm control unit, angle and the speed of rotating for controlling turning arm.
2. rotation feed radio telescope receiver system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described auxiliary Feed Horn size and main Feed Horn are measure-alike, two auxiliary Feed Horn centers equate to the distance at main Feed Horn center, and not overlapping mutually on described two auxiliary Feed Horns received beam space corresponding with described main Feed Horn.
3. rotation feed radio telescope receiver system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described main receiver and described auxiliary receiver are superheterodyne receiver.
4. rotation feed radio telescope receiver system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described turning arm control unit also comprises stepping motor, for driving turning arm rotation.
5. the space debris detection method based on rotation feed radio telescope receiver system, is characterized in that, comprises step: radio telescope points to and treats observation district, and received beam and synergistic signal source beam intersection are at height to be measured; Adjust rotation feed radio telescope receiver, main feed source and the received beam center place straight line of two auxiliary feed generations and the angle of celestial equator are fixed; The electromagnetic wave that receives the synergistic signal source transmitting of the space junk scattering through treating observation district, changes into digital signal and sends to signal processing unit; Signal processing unit receives the digital signal of main receiver and auxiliary receiver, extracts the space junk information in digital signal.
6. space debris detection method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described main feed source and the received beam center place straight line of two auxiliary feed generations and the angle of celestial equator are determined by the track scope of space junk to be measured.
7. space debris detection method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the space junk information in described extraction digital signal comprises the background noise utilizing in auxiliary receiver signal de-emphasis main receiver signal.
8. space debris detection method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, space junk information in described extraction digital signal comprises the space junk target of extracting in associated auxiliary receiver signal and main receiver signal, estimates distance, azimuthal coordinates, flying speed and the orbit inclination angle of the space junk target after association.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107395245A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-24 | 中国科学院云南天文台 | A kind of radio astronomy and the dual-purpose Science Popularization System of amateur radio communication |
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| DE1591412A1 (en) * | 1967-08-23 | 1970-08-13 | Rohde & Schwarz | Radio telescope |
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| CN1909285A (en) * | 2006-08-14 | 2007-02-07 | 西安电子科技大学 | Multiple-wave feed automatic switch and drive device for large-scale flexible radio telescope antenna |
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2013
- 2013-01-07 CN CN201310021598.8A patent/CN103916145B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1591412A1 (en) * | 1967-08-23 | 1970-08-13 | Rohde & Schwarz | Radio telescope |
| CN1800876A (en) * | 2005-08-01 | 2006-07-12 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Dual-channel simultaneous transmitting and receiving type Doppler polarization weather radar |
| CN1909285A (en) * | 2006-08-14 | 2007-02-07 | 西安电子科技大学 | Multiple-wave feed automatic switch and drive device for large-scale flexible radio telescope antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 伍洋等: ""射电望远镜相控阵馈源技术"", 《电波科学学报》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107395245A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-24 | 中国科学院云南天文台 | A kind of radio astronomy and the dual-purpose Science Popularization System of amateur radio communication |
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