Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchange unit, which has better heat exchange efficiency while improving heat exchange performance.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heat exchange unit, which includes a base, and a heat exchange medium channel and a reaction fluid channel disposed inside the base, wherein the heat exchange medium channel is located at the center of the heat exchange unit, and the plurality of reaction fluid channels are dispersedly wrapped outside the heat exchange medium channel; wherein the heat exchange medium channel is parallel to the axial direction of the reaction fluid channel.
Preferably, the feeding port and the discharging port of any one of the reaction fluid channels are respectively connected with the discharging port of the adjacent reaction fluid channel and the feeding port of the other adjacent reaction fluid channel, and the connected reaction fluid channel is wrapped outside the heat exchange medium channel positioned in the center in a winding manner for multiple times.
Preferably, adjacent 2 reaction fluid channels are connected by elbow sections.
Preferably, adjacent reaction fluid channels are spaced apart.
Preferably, the number of the heat exchange medium channels positioned at the center of the heat exchange unit is 1 or more.
Preferably, a plurality of the heat exchange medium channels are arranged in parallel.
Preferably, the reaction fluid channels are spaced apart from adjacent heat exchange medium channels.
Preferably, the number of the reaction fluid channels is 3 or more.
Preferably, the ratio of the inner diameters of the heat exchange medium channel to the reaction fluid channel is 1.5-2.5: 1.
preferably, the cross-sections of the heat exchange medium channel and the reaction fluid channel are regular polygons, rectangles, ellipses or circles.
Preferably, the substrate is a silicon-aluminum alloy.
Preferably, the heat exchange medium channel is silicon-aluminum alloy.
Preferably, the silicon content in the silicon-aluminum alloy is 12-20 wt%.
Preferably, the heat exchange medium channels and the reaction fluid channels are fixed to the substrate.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger comprising at least one heat exchange unit according to the present invention as described above.
Through the technical scheme, the reaction fluid channels and the heat exchange medium channels are arranged in a staggered and overlapped mode in different forms in a manner that the reaction fluid channels are dispersedly wrapped on the heat exchange medium channels, so that the heat generated by the reaction is taken by the heat exchange medium in real time. The heat exchange unit in the mode has larger heat taking area and larger heat transfer coefficient, so that the heat taking power is dozens of times that of a conventional kettle type reactor and dozens of times that of a conventional tubular reactor, and the control of stable process parameters and the improvement of passive intrinsic safety level can be realized for a high-risk strong heat release reaction process; meanwhile, the materials of the heat exchange unit are optimized, and the silicon-aluminum alloy has higher heat conductivity coefficient and can realize faster heat exchange between the reaction fluid channel and the heat exchange medium channel; meanwhile, the material has larger specific heat capacity and very strong heat absorption and storage capacity, and can provide larger buffer capacity when the reaction is out of control, thereby further improving the high-strength heat taking capacity in the reaction process and improving the intrinsic safety level of the reaction process.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present invention, the use of directional terms such as "upper, lower, left, right" and "above" generally means the description of the positional relationship of the components with respect to each other with respect to the orientation shown in the drawings or with respect to the vertical, vertical or gravitational direction, unless otherwise indicated.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention firstly provides a heat exchange unit, which comprises a base 4, and a heat exchange medium channel 1 and a reaction fluid channel 2 arranged inside the base 4, wherein the heat exchange medium channel 1 is located at the center of the heat exchange unit, and a plurality of reaction fluid channels 2 are dispersedly wrapped outside the heat exchange medium channel 1; the heat exchange medium channels 1 are parallel to the axial direction of the reaction fluid channel 2.
As shown in fig. 1, as a preferable mode, an inlet and an outlet of any one of the reaction fluid channels 2 are respectively connected with an outlet of an adjacent reaction fluid channel and an inlet of another adjacent reaction fluid channel, and the connected reaction fluid channel 2 is wrapped outside the heat exchange medium channel 1 located at the center in a winding-around manner for a plurality of times, and the adjacent 2 reaction fluid channels 2 are connected by a pipe bending section 3.
In the present invention, it is preferable that adjacent reaction fluid channels 2 are spaced apart; more preferably, adjacent reaction fluid channels 2 are spaced 4-6 times the diameter of the reaction fluid channels. The heat extraction channels are dispersedly wrapped by the reaction channels through the interval arrangement of the connected pipelines, so that local hot spots do not exist in the reactor, and the temperature distribution is uniform.
In the present invention, the number of the heat exchange medium channels 1 located at the center of the heat exchange unit is preferably 1 or more, and may be, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, etc.
In the present invention, it is preferable that a plurality of heat exchange medium channels 1 are arranged in parallel.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the reaction fluid channel 2 is spaced apart from the adjacent heat exchange medium channel 1, and more preferably, the reaction fluid channel 2 is spaced apart from the adjacent heat exchange medium channel 1 by 2 to 4 times the diameter of the reaction fluid channel.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the number of the reaction fluid channels 2 is 3 or more, more preferably 3 to 20, further preferably 3 to 15, further preferably 3 to 10, further preferably 5 to 8, and particularly preferably 8.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the ratio of the inner diameters of the heat exchange medium channel 1 to the reaction fluid channel 2 is 1.5 to 4: 1, preferably 1.5-2.5: 1. the flow of the heat exchange medium is far larger than that of the reaction fluid in the mode, so that the stability of the reaction temperature is also ensured, and the risk of reaction runaway is further reduced.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the cross-sections of the heat exchange medium channels 1 and the reaction fluid channels 2 are regular polygons, rectangles, ovals, or circles. In a preferred mode, the cross section of the reaction fluid in the heat exchange medium channel 1 and the reaction fluid channel 2 is circular.
In the present invention, the base 4 is preferably a silicon-aluminum alloy, a silicon-stainless steel alloy, or an aluminum alloy, more preferably a silicon-aluminum alloy.
Further, in order to increase the heat exchange efficiency, it is preferable that the heat exchange medium channel 1 is a silicon-aluminum alloy, a silicon-stainless steel alloy, or an aluminum alloy, more preferably a silicon-aluminum alloy.
In order to further increase the heat exchange efficiency, it is preferable that the inside of the base 4 be filled with a filler, except for the heat exchange medium channels 1 and the reaction fluid channels. The filler is various fillers with heat exchange effect, and preferably is one or more of silicon-aluminum alloy and silicon-stainless steel alloy.
In the present invention, preferably, the silicon content in the silicon-aluminum alloy is 10 to 30 wt%, more preferably 12 to 20 wt%.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the heat exchange medium channel 1 and the reaction fluid channel 2 are fixed in the base 4, respectively, and the contact heat transfer area is ensured as much as possible by welding or the like.
In the invention, the heat exchange unit is made of silicon-aluminum alloy, compared with the traditional material, the silicon-aluminum alloy has higher heat conductivity coefficient, and can realize faster heat exchange between the reaction fluid channel and the heat exchange medium channel; meanwhile, the material has larger specific heat capacity, has strong heat absorption and storage capacity, and can provide larger buffer capacity when the reaction is out of control.
The invention also provides a heat exchanger which comprises at least one heat exchange unit.
In the present invention, the number of heat exchange units in the heat exchanger may be, for example, 1 to 20, preferably 5 to 10, depending on the installation space of the heat exchanger and the need for heat exchange capacity.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
With the structure shown in fig. 1-2, the substrate and the heat exchange medium channel are made of silicon-aluminum alloy (silicon content is 15 wt%).
The heat exchange medium channels 1 and the reaction fluid channels 2 are respectively fixed in the matrix 4, and 4 heat exchange medium channels are in a straight tube structure; the reaction fluid channel is composed of 8 straight pipes, other pipe openings except the reaction fluid inlet 21 and the reaction fluid outlet 22 are respectively connected with the adjacent reaction fluid channels end to end through the bent pipe section 3, so that the 8 straight pipes form a complete coil pipe, the coil pipe is dispersedly wrapped around the heat exchange medium channel, wherein the interval between the adjacent reaction fluid channels 2 is 4-6 times of the diameter of the reaction fluid channel, and the interval between the reaction fluid channel 2 and the adjacent heat exchange medium channel 1 is 2-4 times of the diameter of the reaction fluid channel. The pipe diameter ratio of the heat exchange medium channel to the reaction fluid channel is 2: 1.
In the use process, a heat exchange medium is introduced into the pipeline through the heat exchange medium inlet 11 and flows out from the heat exchange medium outlet 12 along the pipeline, and a reaction fluid enters through the reaction fluid inlet 21 and flows out from the reaction fluid outlet after passing through the coil.
The heat exchange unit provided by the invention is made of silicon-aluminum alloy, has higher heat conductivity coefficient compared with the traditional material, and can realize faster heat exchange between the reaction fluid channel and the heat exchange medium channel; meanwhile, the material has larger specific heat capacity, has strong heat absorption and storage capacity, and can provide larger buffer capacity when the reaction is out of control; and moreover, the reaction channels are dispersedly wrapped on the heat taking channels through the interval arrangement of the connected pipelines, so that the heat exchange unit has no local hot spot, the temperature distribution is uniform, meanwhile, the flow of the heat taking fluid is far greater than that of the reaction fluid, the stability of the reaction temperature is also ensured, and the risk of reaction runaway is reduced.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.