CN111720839A - Environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas liquid incineration treatment - Google Patents
Environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas liquid incineration treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111720839A CN111720839A CN202010534310.7A CN202010534310A CN111720839A CN 111720839 A CN111720839 A CN 111720839A CN 202010534310 A CN202010534310 A CN 202010534310A CN 111720839 A CN111720839 A CN 111720839A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
- F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/04—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
- F23G2202/101—Combustion in two or more stages with controlled oxidant supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
- F23G2202/102—Combustion in two or more stages with supplementary heating
Abstract
An environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas liquid incineration treatment comprises a central combustion chamber (301), a middle-section combustion chamber (302) and a hearth (303), wherein the central combustion chamber (301) is used as a core fire source of the device, and an ignition gun is arranged in the central combustion chamber; the middle-section combustion chamber (302) is arranged behind the central combustion chamber (301), a plurality of waste gas or waste liquid spray guns are arranged on the side wall of the middle-section combustion chamber (302), the waste gas or waste liquid spray guns are arranged in layers according to different categories, combustion air chambers are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the spray guns in different layers, and when the spray guns work, air is supplied into the middle-section combustion chamber (302); the hearth (303) is arranged behind the middle-section combustion chamber (302). This burner, safe, stable burning coal system EG technology waste gas, waste liquid of burning simultaneously realize NOx's ultra-clean emission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste gas and waste liquid incineration, in particular to an environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device which can be applied to the incineration treatment of waste gas and liquid of Ethylene Glycol (EG) prepared from coal, and can safely and stably treat various waste gases and waste liquids at the same time, so that the environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device can achieve the standard emission.
Background
Coal-based EG typically uses a dimethyl oxalate (DMO) process that produces multiple waste streams of waste gases during production, including DMO, Methyl Nitrite (MN), Methyl Formate (MF), dimethoxymethane (ML), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), Methanol (ME), etc. The hazardous waste is subjected to harmless treatment according to the regulations of hazardous waste identification standard flammability (GB5085.4) and hazardous waste identification standard general rules (GB5085.7) hazardous waste incineration pollution control standard (GB 18484-2001).
At present, domestic incinerator manufacturers are more, products are different in quality, and the design concept is mostly limited to the design concept of the original small-sized incinerator: the waste gas and liquid are discharged and combusted in a centralized way, and the decomposition rate of the toxic substances in one-time combustion is only emphasized through peroxy, high temperature and one-time burnout. And the final flue gas emission index is emphasized more in a more scientific burning mode, so that the sulfur index (SOX) and the nitrogen index (NOX) are repeated, and the occurrence probability and the severity of acid rain can be further reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas and liquid incineration treatment, which can safely and stably incinerate coal to prepare EG process waste gas and waste liquid at the same time and realize ultra-clean emission of NOx.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas liquid incineration treatment comprises a central combustion chamber, a middle-section combustion chamber and a hearth, wherein the central combustion chamber is used as a core fire source of the device, and an ignition gun is arranged in the central combustion chamber, preferably, the ignition gun comprises a pilot burner; the middle combustion chamber is arranged behind the central combustion chamber, a plurality of waste gas or waste liquid spray guns are arranged on the side wall of the middle combustion chamber, the waste gas or waste liquid spray guns are arranged in layers according to different categories, combustion air chambers are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the spray guns on different layers, and when the spray guns work, air is supplied into the middle combustion chamber; the hearth is arranged behind the middle-section combustion chamber.
Furthermore, the central combustion chamber also comprises a first-stage spray gun, a gas inlet and a primary air inlet, and combustible gas reaches the first-stage spray gun through the gas inlet and is mixed with combustion air entering through the primary air inlet to be combusted.
According to the environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device, the middle-section combustion chamber is internally provided with one or more gas auxiliary spray guns for spraying combustion-supporting gas into the middle-section combustion chamber.
Further, the gas-assisted spray gun and the plurality of waste gas or waste liquid spray guns on the side wall of the middle combustion chamber are arranged in a staggered mode. For example, several waste gas liquid spray guns can be arranged at intervals, namely, a rod of gas auxiliary spray gun is arranged, so that the waste gas liquid in the middle section combustion chamber can be fully combusted.
In the environmentally friendly multi-stage combustion apparatus, the lance on the sidewall of the middle-section combustion chamber includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following lances: PSA waste gas spray gun, MF light fraction waste liquid spray gun, MN waste gas spray gun, ME spray gun. Each spray gun independently sprays certain type of waste gas liquid and can be adjusted from 0 to the maximum load, thereby being beneficial to arranging the position of the spray gun and realizing the classified and staged combustion of various waste gas liquid components. Preferably, the spray gun model can be selected from spray guns described in patents such as "a waste water spray gun" (ZL201220490167.7), "a waste water spray gun" (ZL2012204901126.8), "a swirl secondary atomizing oil spray nozzle" (ZL200720020698.9) and the like which are previously applied by the inventor, and the specific structure of the spray gun is not described any more.
Further, the lance is circumferentially disposed on the sidewall of the middle combustion chamber.
Preferably, the lance or lances are inclined rearwardly of the mid-section combustion chamber. The waste gas liquid forms vortex in the combustion chamber, which is helpful to prolong the retention time of the waste gas liquid in the combustion chamber and ensures that the waste gas liquid can be fully combusted. Preferably, the inclination angle of the spray gun is 5-30 degrees, so that the retention time of the waste gas liquid in the combustion chamber can be longest.
According to the environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device, the last stage air chamber is arranged on the outer side of the hearth and used for supplementing combustion-supporting air into the hearth, so that sufficient combustion in the hearth is ensured, and toxic and harmful substances are thoroughly burnt. The central combustion chamber arranged at the forefront, the middle combustion chamber are provided with the gas auxiliary spray gun, and the rear hearth is provided with the final-stage air chamber for afterburning, so that the waste gas and waste liquid are burnt more thoroughly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the formation of nitrogen oxides is suppressed. Waste gas and liquid are incinerated in a mode of layered arrangement of multi-stage spray guns, so that the generation of thermal NOx and rapid NOx can be reduced simultaneously, and the subsequent processes such as SNCR denitration and the like are facilitated; the concentration of NOx in the incinerator is 300-400 mg/Nm3Reasonable low-nitrogen combustion design is adopted to reach 150mg/Nm3The concentration of the compound combined with SNCR is easy to reach 75mg/Nm3The following.
2. And fully incinerating the waste gas and the waste liquid. The central burner is arranged at the foremost end of the flame hearth, natural gas is used as combustion accompanying gas, and the central burner is matched with the pilot burner ignition gun and the natural gas spray gun and used as a core fire source of the flame hearth. The final stage is provided with afterburning, which ensures that the waste gas and the waste liquid are burnt more thoroughly.
3. Protecting the hearth lining. If natural gas, waste gas and waste water are all combusted in the main combustor, overtemperature ablation of lining materials in a main combustion area is caused, the service life of the lining is shortened, and the generation of thermal NOx is greatly increased due to local high temperature. And the gas auxiliary spray gun and the waste gas liquid spray gun are arranged in a grading way, so that the hearth lining can be well protected.
4. The operation elasticity is large. The components to be incinerated with different properties reach the combustion chamber for incineration through different channels and nozzles, and according to the requirements of actual working conditions, certain or certain components can be adjusted from 0 to the maximum load, so that the normal operation of the whole combustion device is not influenced.
5. The spray gun has long service life. If the natural gas, the waste gas and the waste water (solvent) are all combusted in the same section, the spray gun which stops running is still in the high-temperature flame area, the phenomena of ablation, coking and blockage of the spray gun can be aggravated under the long-term high-temperature environment, and the service life of the spray gun is shortened.
6. The operation is safe and stable. The components of the waste gas and the waste liquid are complex, different components can generate chemical reaction when being in direct contact, high explosive, strong corrosive or easy coking substances can be generated, and the different components can be prevented from being in direct contact through staged combustion, so that the condition is avoided.
7. The atomizing agent is diversified. Waste gas, waste liquid component are complicated, and some should not contact with steam in the atomizing process, some should not contact with the air, and different atomizing agents can be selected separately in the fractional combustion, satisfies the diversified demand of different components to atomizing agent.
8. The combustion improver is accurately matched. Different components are combusted in a grading manner, the optimal combustion-supporting air quantity can be accurately matched according to the parameters such as the concentration, the flow and the like of each component, the components can be fully combusted, the air quantity and the flue gas quantity cannot be increased, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved.
9. The device has strong applicability. The device can be applied to various furnace types such as an L-shaped furnace, a vertical furnace and the like; meanwhile, the method can be applied to the fields of complex process waste gas and waste liquid components of industrial chains of coal chemical industry, petrochemical industry and the like.
Drawings
The aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic front longitudinal sectional view of a multistage combustor according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rear part of a multistage combustor according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
the components represented by the reference numerals in the figures are:
101. the device comprises an ignition gun, 102, a first-stage spray gun, 103, a gas auxiliary spray gun, 104, a PSA waste gas spray gun, 105, an MF light fraction waste liquid spray gun, 106, an MN waste gas spray gun, 107, an ME spray gun, 200, a gas inlet, 201, a primary air inlet, 202, a PSA waste gas combustion air chamber, 203, an MF light fraction combustion air chamber, 204, an MF waste gas combustion air chamber, 205, a final-stage air chamber, 301, a central combustion chamber, 302, a middle-stage combustion chamber, 303 and a hearth.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure can be more completely understood and fully conveyed to those skilled in the art, and the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms without being limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the environment-friendly multi-stage combustion apparatus applied to waste gas and liquid incineration treatment in the embodiment includes a central combustion chamber 301, a middle combustion chamber 302 and a hearth 303, wherein the central combustion chamber 301 is used as a core fire source of the apparatus, and an ignition gun is arranged in the central combustion chamber 301, and preferably, the ignition gun includes an incandescent lamp ignition gun 101; the middle combustion chamber 302 is arranged behind the central combustion chamber 301, a plurality of waste gas or waste liquid spray guns are arranged on the side wall of the middle combustion chamber 302 and are arranged in layers according to different categories, combustion air chambers are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the spray guns on different layers, and when the spray guns work, air is supplied into the middle combustion chamber 302; the furnace 303 is disposed behind the middle combustion chamber 302.
The invention can be applied to the types of furnaces such as an L-shaped furnace, a vertical furnace and the like, the embodiment mainly describes the L-shaped furnace, and when the invention is applied to the vertical furnace, the front part of the multi-stage combustion device shown in figure 1 is only required to be arranged at the top of the vertical furnace to be connected with a hearth, and the multi-stage combustion device is arranged at the top to be downwards sprayed.
Further, the central burner 301 is disposed at the foremost end, and the pilot burner 101 and the first-stage lance 102 are disposed therein. Natural gas, fuel gas or coal gas reaches the first-stage spray gun 102 through the fuel gas inlet 200 to serve as combustion-supporting gas, and the combustion-supporting gas and the combustion-supporting air entering the central combustion chamber 301 through the primary air inlet 201 are mixed and then combusted to serve as a core fire source of the device.
Further, the middle combustion chamber 302 is connected with the rear section of the central burner 301, and a gas auxiliary spray gun 103, a PSA waste gas spray gun 104, an MF light fraction waste liquid spray gun 105, an MN waste gas spray gun 106 and an ME spray gun 107 are arranged in the middle combustion chamber. Wherein the gas-assisted lance 103 is used for injecting a combustion-supporting gas, such as natural gas, into the middle combustion chamber 302. The PSA waste gas spray gun 104, the MF light fraction waste liquid spray gun 105, the MN waste gas spray gun 106 and the ME spray gun 107 are respectively used for spraying various waste gas liquids, and the spray guns can be adjusted from 0 to the maximum load. Through with all kinds of waste gas liquid through the categorised injection of different spray guns, not only be favorable to arranging the spray gun position, still can realize the categorised fractional combustion of various waste gas liquid components, make the burning of waste gas liquid more abundant.
Further, the lance layers are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the middle combustion chamber 302 in a circumferential manner. And the gas auxiliary spray guns 103 and the waste gas liquid spray guns are arranged in a staggered manner, namely, one rod of gas auxiliary spray gun 103 is arranged at every several waste gas liquid spray guns, so that the waste gas liquid in the middle section combustion chamber 302 is fully combusted.
Preferably, each spray gun inclines a certain angle towards the rear of the middle section combustion chamber 302, so that the waste gas liquid is sprayed into the middle section combustion chamber 302 to form a vortex, which is helpful for prolonging the retention time of the waste gas liquid in the combustion chamber, and ensures that the waste gas liquid can be fully combusted. Preferably, the inclination angle of the spray gun is 5-15 degrees, so that the retention time of the waste gas liquid in the combustion chamber can be longest.
In this embodiment, air chambers such as the PSA waste gas combustion air chamber 202, the MF light fraction combustion air chamber 203, and the MN waste gas combustion air chamber 204 are also configured in a classified manner outside each waste gas liquid lance according to the properties and process characteristics of the waste gas liquid components, and each waste gas liquid component enters the main combustion chamber 302 to be mixed with combustion air matched therewith for combustion. Through the arrangement mode, the optimal combustion-supporting air quantity can be accurately matched, the sufficient combustion of the components can be guaranteed, the air quantity and the smoke gas quantity cannot be increased, and the device is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
In this embodiment, the last stage air chamber 205 is disposed outside the furnace 303, and is used for supplementing combustion-supporting air into the furnace 303, so as to ensure sufficient combustion in the furnace 303, and to thoroughly burn toxic and harmful substances.
The central combustion chamber 301 is arranged at the forefront, the gas auxiliary spray gun 103 is arranged in the middle combustion chamber 302, and the final-stage air chamber afterburning is arranged in the rear hearth 303, so that the waste gas and waste liquid are burnt more thoroughly. Meanwhile, various waste gas-liquid spray guns which are arranged in the middle section combustion chamber 302 in a classified mode and the inclined angle are arranged, so that sufficient combustion of various waste gas-liquid is guaranteed, the operation is safer and more stable, and the service life of the spray guns is longer.
The invention adopts the staged combustion technology, and the fuel type NOx can be fully combusted by setting high-temperature oxidation and reducing atmosphere in the combustion chamber in stages, and other NOx can be reduced into nitrogen, so that the ultralow nitrogen combustion of high-concentration waste gas is realized; the flue gas containing a small amount of residual NOx discharged from a hearth after low-nitrogen combustion in the incinerator is subjected to denitration by adopting a selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) and Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) combined denitration device, and under the condition that 100% of flue gas volume is treated by the incineration device under the maximum working condition (BMCR), the NOx in the flue gas can be ensured to be less than or equal to 30mg/Nm3And the ultra-clean emission of high-concentration waste gas liquid NOx is realized.
Finally, it is to be noted that: in the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the above embodiments in a reasonable manner, and persons skilled in the art to which the invention pertains will understand that all equivalent modifications and changes can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the invention and the scope of the invention is protected by the patent.
Claims (10)
1. The environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas liquid incineration treatment is characterized by comprising a central combustion chamber (301), a middle-section combustion chamber (302) and a hearth (303), wherein the central combustion chamber (301) is used as a core fire source of the device and is internally provided with an ignition gun; the middle-section combustion chamber (302) is arranged behind the central combustion chamber (301), a plurality of waste gas or waste liquid spray guns are arranged on the side wall of the middle-section combustion chamber (302), the waste gas or waste liquid spray guns are arranged in layers according to different categories, combustion air chambers are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the spray guns in different layers, and when the spray guns work, air is supplied into the middle-section combustion chamber (302); the hearth (303) is arranged behind the middle-section combustion chamber (302).
2. The environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas and liquid incineration disposal according to claim 1, wherein one or more gas auxiliary lances (103) are provided in the middle section combustion chamber (302) to inject combustion-supporting gas into the middle section combustion chamber (302).
3. The environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas and liquid incineration disposal according to claim 2, wherein the gas-assisted spray gun (103) is staggered with a plurality of waste gas or liquid spray guns on the side wall of the middle-section combustion chamber (302).
4. The environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas liquid incineration disposal according to claim 1, wherein a last stage air chamber (205) is provided outside the furnace chamber (303) for supplementing combustion air into the furnace chamber (303).
5. The environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas liquid incineration disposal according to claim 1, wherein the central combustion chamber (301) further comprises a first-stage spray gun (102), a gas inlet (200) and a primary air inlet (201), and the combustible gas reaches the first-stage spray gun (102) through the gas inlet (200) and is mixed with combustion air entering through the primary air inlet (201) for combustion.
6. The environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas liquid incineration disposal according to claim 1, wherein the burning torch comprises a pilot burner (101).
7. The environmentally friendly multi-stage combustion apparatus for waste gas liquid incineration disposal according to claim 1, wherein the lances on the sidewall of the middle section combustion chamber (302) include but are not limited to one or more of the following lances: PSA waste gas spray gun (104), MF light fraction waste liquid spray gun (105), MN waste gas spray gun (106) and ME spray gun (107).
8. The environmentally friendly multi-stage combustion apparatus for incineration of flue gas and liquid as claimed in claim 7, wherein the lances are circumferentially disposed on a sidewall of the middle combustion chamber (302).
9. The environmentally friendly multi-stage combustion apparatus for incineration of flue gas liquids as recited in claim 8, wherein the one or more lances are inclined rearwardly of the middle combustion chamber (302).
10. The environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas liquid incineration treatment as claimed in claim 9, wherein a deflection angle of the lance is between 5 ° and 30 °.
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| CN202010534310.7A CN111720839A (en) | 2020-06-12 | 2020-06-12 | Environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas liquid incineration treatment |
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| CN202010534310.7A CN111720839A (en) | 2020-06-12 | 2020-06-12 | Environment-friendly multi-stage combustion device applied to waste gas liquid incineration treatment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113883538A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-01-04 | 北京航化节能环保技术有限公司 | Burner for treating waste water and gas containing inorganic sylvite |
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| CN110793195A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-02-14 | 北京航化节能环保技术有限公司 | Hot-blast furnace equipment suitable for low-heating-value fuel low-oxygen combustion |
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| CN113883538A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-01-04 | 北京航化节能环保技术有限公司 | Burner for treating waste water and gas containing inorganic sylvite |
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