CN111720750B - Method and device for detecting abnormality of water path - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting abnormality of water path Download PDFInfo
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- CN111720750B CN111720750B CN201910213553.8A CN201910213553A CN111720750B CN 111720750 B CN111720750 B CN 111720750B CN 201910213553 A CN201910213553 A CN 201910213553A CN 111720750 B CN111720750 B CN 111720750B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for detecting the abnormality of a waterway. The method for detecting the abnormality of the water path comprises the following steps: acquiring a plurality of pressure values by utilizing a plurality of pressure sensors, wherein the waterway comprises a total water valve, an external water source and a plurality of pressure sensors arranged on one side of the total water valve far away from the external water source; calculating an average value of the plurality of pressure values; judging whether the absolute value of the difference value of each pressure value and the average value is smaller than a preset pressure difference or not; and if not, determining that the water path is abnormal. According to the scheme of the invention, whether the water channel of the side of the main water valve far away from the external water source is abnormal is determined by judging whether the pressure values of different positions of the water channel are all near the average value, so that the water leakage condition of the water channel can be found in time, and the serious loss of a user caused by long-time water leakage of the water channel is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water leakage detection, in particular to a method and a device for detecting abnormality of a water channel.
Background
With the increasing development of society and the increasing living standard of people, the rhythm of life of people is faster and faster, so that people are willing to buy a lot of food to place in a refrigerator, and the refrigerator becomes one of the indispensable household appliances in daily life of people.
Moreover, the current refrigerators have more and more functions to meet different requirements of users, for example, the refrigerator provided with an ice making system may provide ice cubes to the users. In the ice making system of the refrigerator, a water path is a key system component, and if the water path leaks or fails, serious consequences can be caused. The current ice making system cannot monitor, find and prevent water way leakage, is easy to influence the work of the ice making system because water leakage is not found in time, and causes loss for users.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to find out the abnormality of the waterway in time and avoid the loss of users caused by the water leakage of the waterway.
A further object of the present invention is to effectively reduce the loss caused by water leakage and prompt the user in time, thereby improving the user experience.
Particularly, the invention provides a method for detecting the abnormality of a water path, wherein the water path comprises a total water valve, an external water source and a plurality of pressure sensors arranged on one side of the total water valve far away from the external water source, and the method for detecting the abnormality of the water path comprises the following steps: acquiring a plurality of pressure values by utilizing a plurality of pressure sensors; calculating an average value of the plurality of pressure values; judging whether the absolute value of the difference value of each pressure value and the average value is smaller than a preset pressure difference or not; and if not, determining that the water path is abnormal.
Optionally, when the absolute value of the difference value between each pressure value and the average value is smaller than the preset pressure difference, judging whether each pressure value is stable; and if so, determining that the water way is normal.
Optionally, after the step of determining that the waterway is abnormal, the method further comprises: and controlling the main water valve to close so as to disconnect the water path.
Optionally, after the step of controlling the total water valve to be closed, the method further comprises: and outputting alarm information to remind the user of abnormal water path.
Alternatively, the waterway is applied to a refrigerating and freezing apparatus, and the refrigerating and freezing apparatus is provided with a display device or a buzzer to output alarm information through the display device or the buzzer.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an abnormality detection device for a waterway, wherein the waterway includes a total water valve, an external water source, and a plurality of pressure sensors disposed at a side of the total water valve away from the external water source, and the abnormality detection device for the waterway includes: the pressure acquisition module is configured to acquire a plurality of pressure values by utilizing a plurality of pressure sensors; a pressure calculation module configured to calculate an average of a plurality of pressure values; a first judgment module configured to judge whether absolute values of differences between each pressure value and the average value are all smaller than a preset pressure difference; and the condition determining module is configured to determine that the water path is abnormal when the absolute value of the difference value of any one pressure value and the average value is greater than or equal to a preset pressure difference.
Optionally, the abnormality detection device of the waterway further includes: the second judging module is configured to judge whether each pressure value is stable or not when the absolute value of the difference value of each pressure value and the average value is smaller than the preset pressure difference; and the condition determining module is further configured to determine that the waterway is normal when each pressure value is stable.
Optionally, the abnormality detection apparatus further includes: and the abnormality processing module is configured to control the main water valve to be closed after determining that the water path is abnormal so as to disconnect the water path.
Optionally, the abnormality detection device of the waterway further includes: and the abnormity reminding module is configured to output alarm information to remind the user of the abnormity of the water channel.
Optionally, a filter, a shunt valve and a water using part are sequentially arranged on one side of the main water valve, which is far away from the external water source, the water using part comprises an ice maker and a kettle, and after water passes through the shunt valve, one part of the water flows to the ice maker and the other part of the water flows to the kettle.
The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting the abnormity of a water path, wherein the water path comprises a total water valve, an external water source and a plurality of pressure sensors arranged on one side of the total water valve far away from the external water source, a plurality of pressure values are acquired by the plurality of pressure sensors, the average value of the plurality of pressure values is calculated, and the abnormity of the water path is determined when the absolute value of the difference value between any one pressure value and the average value is larger than or equal to the preset pressure difference. Whether the water path on one side of the main water valve far away from the external water source is abnormal or not is determined by judging whether the pressure values are all around the average value, the water path water leakage condition can be found in time, and serious loss brought to a user due to long-time water leakage of the water path is avoided.
Further, according to the method and the device for detecting the abnormality of the water path, when the absolute value of the difference value between each pressure value and the average value is smaller than the preset pressure difference, whether each pressure value is stable is further judged, and when the absolute value is yes, the water path is determined to be normal. Whether the water channel is normal or not is determined according to the two conditions of whether each pressure value is near the average value and whether each pressure value is stable or not, the determined water channel state is further guaranteed to be the actual state, and misjudgment is effectively avoided. Controlling a main water valve to close after determining that the water path is abnormal so as to disconnect the water path; and outputting alarm information to remind the user of abnormal water path. No matter total water valve opens or closes, can all detect the water route that external water source one side was kept away from to total water valve, confirm this section water route whether appear leaking to in time close total water valve and report to the police when the water route is unusual, effectively reduce the loss that the leakage brought and remind the user, promote user's use and experience.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter, by way of illustration and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a waterway to which an abnormality detection method of the waterway according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the pressure sensing device in the waterway shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method of anomaly detection of a waterway in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a detailed flow diagram of a method of anomaly detection of a waterway in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of an abnormality detection device for a water path according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an abnormality detection device for a water path according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment firstly provides an abnormal detection method for the waterway, which can timely find the water leakage condition of the waterway and avoid serious loss of users caused by long-time water leakage of the waterway. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water path 100 to which an abnormality detection method for a water path according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure detection device 200 in the water path 100 shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, the waterway 100 may include a total water valve 120, an external water source 110, and a plurality of pressure sensors 220 disposed on a side of the total water valve 120 away from the external water source 110, where the plurality of pressure sensors 220 may acquire a plurality of pressure values, and the number of the plurality of pressure sensors 220 is at least two.
In a preferred embodiment, the waterway 100 further includes a water using part, which is disposed at both sides of the total water valve 120, and the external water source 110. More preferably, the side of the main water valve 120 away from the external water source 110 is provided with a filter 130, a shunt valve 140 and a water using part in sequence. As shown in fig. 1, the above-mentioned components of the waterway 100 are connected by a water pipe 170, and water flows in the directions of the external water source 110, the main water valve 120, the filter 130, the shunt valve 140, and the water using component. Preferably, the water using part may include an ice maker 150 and a water bottle 160, and a part of the water flows to the ice maker 150 and the other part flows to the water bottle 160 after passing through the water dividing valve 140. The water path 100 of the present embodiment can be applied to various refrigeration and freezing apparatuses.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the pressure sensor 220 may be integrated on the pressure detection device 200, and the pressure detection device 200 may specifically include: a housing 210, a pressure sensor 220, a water inlet 230, and a water outlet 240, wherein the pressure sensor 220 is disposed inside the housing 210. The housing 210 can perform fixing and assembling functions, and the water inlet 230 and the water outlet 240 are respectively connected to the water pipe 170. The pressure detection apparatus 200 may be disposed between: a main water valve 120 and a filter 130, a filter 130 and a shunt valve 140, a shunt valve 140 and an ice maker 150, a shunt valve 140 and a water jug 160. It should be noted that the number and the positions of the pressure detection devices 200 may be set according to components included in the waterway 100, and the pressure detection devices 200 may be set between two components of the total water valve 120 that are far away from the external water source 110, or may be set at intervals of one or more components. In other embodiments, the pressure sensor 220 may be separately disposed in each component of the waterway 100, such as the outlet of the main water valve 120, the filter 130, or the kettle 160, and the pressure of each component of the waterway 100 may be monitored.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an abnormality detection method of a water circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method for detecting an abnormality of the water path may be applied to the water path 100 according to any of the embodiments described above. As shown in fig. 3, the method for detecting an abnormality of a waterway may perform the following steps:
step S302, acquiring a plurality of pressure values by utilizing a plurality of pressure sensors 220;
step S304, calculating an average value of a plurality of pressure values;
step S306, judging whether the difference value between each pressure value and the average value is smaller than a preset pressure difference, if not, executing step S308;
in step S308, it is determined that the water path 100 is abnormal.
In the above steps, in step S306, it is determined whether the difference between each pressure value and the average value is smaller than the preset pressure difference, and in fact, it is determined whether each pressure value is near the average value, and if not, it can be determined that at least one pressure value has a larger deviation from the average value, it can be determined that the water circuit 100 is abnormal. If the preset pressure difference is set too large, the water path 100 may be slightly abnormal and cannot be found in time; if the preset pressure difference is too small, an abnormality may be reported when the water passage 100 slightly fluctuates, and a false alarm may be given. Therefore, the preset pressure difference can be set according to actual conditions, and the purposes of timely finding abnormality and avoiding false alarm are achieved. It should be noted that, because a plurality of pressure sensors are only arranged on the side of the main water valve 120 away from the external water source 110, the water path on the side of the main water valve 120 away from the external water source 110 is actually detected for abnormality, which has the advantage that the on-off state of the main water valve 120 is not considered, and whether the main water valve 120 is opened or closed, the water path 100 on the side of the main water valve 120 away from the external water source 110 can be detected to determine whether water leakage occurs in the water path 100.
In the method for detecting the abnormality of the water path according to the embodiment, the pressure sensors 220 are used for acquiring a plurality of pressure values, an average value of the pressure values is calculated, and when the absolute value of the difference between any one of the pressure values and the average value is greater than or equal to the preset pressure difference, it is determined that the water path 100 is abnormal. Whether the water channel 100 on the side of the main water valve 120 far away from the external water source 110 is abnormal or not is determined by judging whether the pressure values are all near the average value, the water leakage condition of the water channel 100 can be found in time, and the loss of a user caused by long-time water leakage of the water channel 100 is avoided.
In some optional embodiments, a higher technical effect may be achieved by further optimizing and configuring the above steps, and the following describes in detail the method for detecting an abnormality of a water circuit according to this embodiment in combination with a description of an optional execution flow of this embodiment, where this embodiment is merely an illustration of the execution flow, and in a specific implementation, an execution sequence and an operation condition of a part of steps may be modified according to specific implementation requirements. Fig. 4 is a detailed flowchart of an abnormality detection method of a water path according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method for detecting the abnormality of the water path comprises the following steps:
step S402, acquiring a plurality of pressure values by using a plurality of pressure sensors 220;
step S404, calculating an average value of a plurality of pressure values;
step S406, judging whether the difference value between each pressure value and the average value is smaller than a preset pressure difference, if so, executing step S414, and if not, executing step S408;
step S408, determining that the water path 100 is abnormal;
step S410, controlling the main water valve 120 to be closed so as to disconnect the water circuit 100;
step S412, outputting alarm information to remind a user that the water path 100 is abnormal;
step S414, determining whether each pressure value is stable, if yes, executing step S416, and if not, executing step 408;
in step S416, it is determined that the waterway 100 is normal.
In the above steps, step S406 determines whether the difference between each pressure value and the average value is less than the preset pressure difference, and if so, step S414 is executed. That is, even if the difference between each pressure value and the average value is smaller than the preset pressure difference, it is further determined whether each pressure value is stable, for example, the fluctuation of each pressure value is small in the preset time, that is, it can be determined that each pressure value is stable, so that the waterway 100 is further determined to be normal according to the stability of each pressure value on the basis that each pressure value is near the average value.
In step S410, the main water valve 120 is controlled to close, so that the waterway 100 is disconnected, and in fact, the water does not flow to the side of the main water valve 120 away from the external water source 110. In a specific embodiment, the water using component and the external water source 110 may be respectively disposed at two sides of the main water valve 120, and the water path 100 may further be provided with a shunt valve 140, so that water flows to different water using components respectively, and at this time, if the water path 100 is abnormal, the main water valve 120 is controlled to be closed, and the shunt valve 140 may also be controlled to be closed. In step S412, an alarm message is output to alert the user that the waterway 100 is abnormal. Since the water path 100 of the present embodiment can be applied to a refrigerating and freezing device, when the refrigerating and freezing device is provided with a display device or a buzzer, an alarm can be given by using the display device or the buzzer.
According to the abnormal detection method of the water path, whether the water path 100 is normal or not is determined according to two conditions of whether each pressure value is near the average value or not and whether each pressure value is stable or not, the determined state of the water path 100 is further ensured to be an actual state, and misjudgment is effectively avoided. Controlling the main water valve 120 to be closed after determining that the water circuit 100 is abnormal, so as to disconnect the water circuit 100; alarm information is output to alert the user that the waterway 100 is abnormal. No matter the main water valve 120 is opened or closed, the water path 100 on the side, away from the external water source 110, of the main water valve 120 can be detected, whether water leakage occurs in the section of the water path 100 is determined, the main water valve 120 is closed in time and an alarm is given when the water path 100 is abnormal, loss caused by water leakage is effectively reduced, a user is reminded, and use experience of the user is improved.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an abnormality detection device 300 for a water path according to an embodiment of the present invention. The waterway 100 may include a total water valve 120, an external water source 110, and a plurality of pressure sensors 220 disposed on a side of the total water valve 120 remote from the external water source 110. As shown in fig. 5, the abnormality detection device 300 for a water path may generally include: a pressure acquisition module 310, a pressure calculation module 320, a first determination module 330, and a condition determination module 340.
In the above modules, the pressure collection module 310 may be configured to collect a plurality of pressure values using a plurality of pressure sensors 220. The pressure calculation module 320 may be configured to calculate an average of a plurality of pressure values. The first determining module 330 may be configured to determine whether an absolute value of a difference between each pressure value and the average value is smaller than a preset pressure difference. The condition determining module 340 may be configured to determine that the water circuit 100 is abnormal when an absolute value of a difference between any one of the pressure values and the average value is greater than or equal to a preset pressure difference.
The first determining module 330 determines whether the absolute value of the difference between each pressure value and the average value is smaller than the preset pressure difference, and actually determines whether each pressure value is near the average value. The condition determining module 340 may be configured to determine that the water circuit 100 is abnormal when an absolute value of a difference between any one of the pressure values and the average value is greater than or equal to a preset pressure difference. In practice, it is determined that an abnormality occurs in the water circuit 100 when at least one pressure value has a large deviation from the average value. If the preset pressure difference is set too large, the water path 100 may be slightly abnormal and cannot be found in time; if the preset pressure difference is too small, an abnormality may be reported when the water passage 100 slightly fluctuates, and a false alarm may be given. Therefore, the preset pressure difference can be set according to actual conditions, and the purposes of timely finding abnormality and avoiding false alarm are achieved.
It should be noted that, because a plurality of pressure sensors are only arranged on the side of the main water valve 120 away from the external water source 110, the water path on the side of the main water valve 120 away from the external water source 110 is actually detected for abnormality, which has the advantage that the on-off state of the main water valve 120 is not considered, and whether the main water valve 120 is opened or closed, the water path 100 on the side of the main water valve 120 away from the external water source 110 can be detected to determine whether water leakage occurs in the water path 100.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a waterway abnormality detection device 300 according to another embodiment of the present invention, and a second determination module 350, an abnormality processing module 360 and an abnormality reminding module 370 may be flexibly added to the waterway abnormality detection device according to the previous embodiment. The second determining module 350 may be configured to determine whether each pressure value is stable when an absolute value of a difference between each pressure value and the average value is smaller than a preset pressure difference. The condition determination module 340 may also be configured to: when each pressure value is stable, the waterway 100 is determined to be normal. That is, even if the difference between each pressure value and the average value is smaller than the preset pressure difference, it is further determined whether each pressure value is stable, for example, the fluctuation of each pressure value is small in the preset time, that is, it can be determined that each pressure value is stable, so that the waterway 100 is further determined to be normal according to the stability of each pressure value on the basis that each pressure value is near the average value.
The anomaly handling module 360 may be configured to control the total water valve 120 to close to disconnect the water circuit 100 upon determining that the water circuit 100 is anomalous. In effect, the water flow is no longer to the side of the main water valve 120 away from the external water source 110. In a specific embodiment, the water using component and the external water source 110 may be respectively disposed at two sides of the main water valve 120, and the water path 100 may further be provided with a shunt valve 140, so that water flows to different water using components respectively, and at this time, if the water path 100 is abnormal, the main water valve 120 is controlled to be closed, and the shunt valve 140 may also be controlled to be closed.
The anomaly alerting module 370 may be configured to output an alarm message after controlling the main water valve 120 to close to alert a user that the waterway 100 is abnormal. Since the water path 100 of the present embodiment can be applied to a refrigerating and freezing device, when the refrigerating and freezing device is provided with a display device or a buzzer, an alarm can be given by using the display device or the buzzer. In addition, a filter 130, a shunt valve 140 and a water using component may be sequentially disposed on a side of the main water valve 120 away from the external water source 110, the water using component includes an ice maker 150 and a water bottle 160, and a part of water flows to the ice maker 150 and another part of water flows to the water bottle 160 after passing through the shunt valve 140. In case of an abnormal water circuit 100, the shunt valve 140 may be controlled to close while the main water valve 120 is controlled to close.
Thus, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (8)
1. A method for detecting the abnormality of a waterway comprises a water collecting valve, an external water source and a plurality of pressure sensors arranged on one side of the water collecting valve far away from the external water source, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring a plurality of pressure values by utilizing the plurality of pressure sensors;
calculating an average of the plurality of pressure values;
judging whether the absolute value of the difference value of each pressure value and the average value is smaller than a preset pressure difference or not; and
if not, determining that the water path is abnormal,
when the absolute value of the difference value between each pressure value and the average value is smaller than a preset pressure difference, judging whether each pressure value is stable; and if so, determining that the waterway is normal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the waterway abnormality further comprises, after the step of determining the waterway abnormality:
and controlling the main water valve to be closed so as to disconnect the water path.
3. The method for detecting the abnormality of the waterway according to claim 2, wherein the step of controlling the total water valve to be closed further includes, after the step of controlling the total water valve to be closed:
and outputting alarm information to remind a user that the water path is abnormal.
4. The method of detecting an abnormality of a waterway according to claim 3,
the water route is applied to refrigeration and freezing equipment, and the refrigeration and freezing equipment is provided with a display device or a buzzer, so that the alarm information is output through the display device or the buzzer.
5. The utility model provides an anomaly detection device in water route, wherein the water route includes total water valve, external water source and set up in total water valve is kept away from a plurality of pressure sensor of external water source one side, just the anomaly detection device in water route includes:
a pressure acquisition module configured to acquire a plurality of pressure values using the plurality of pressure sensors;
a pressure calculation module calculating an average value of the plurality of pressure values;
a first judgment module configured to judge whether an absolute value of a difference value of each of the pressure values from the average value is smaller than a preset pressure difference; and
a condition determining module configured to determine that the water path is abnormal when an absolute value of a difference between any one of the pressure values and the average value is greater than or equal to the preset pressure difference,
a second judging module configured to judge whether each of the pressure values is stable when an absolute value of a difference between each of the pressure values and the average value is smaller than a preset pressure difference; and is
The condition determination module is further configured to determine that the waterway is normal when each of the pressure values is stable.
6. The abnormality detection device for a water path according to claim 5, further comprising:
an abnormality processing module configured to control the main water valve to close to disconnect the water path after determining that the water path is abnormal.
7. The abnormality detection device for a water path according to claim 6, further comprising:
and the abnormity reminding module is configured to output alarm information after controlling the main water valve to be closed so as to remind a user that the water path is abnormal.
8. The abnormality detection device for a water circuit according to claim 5,
one side of the total water valve, which is far away from the external water source, is sequentially provided with a filter, a shunt valve and a water using part, and
the water using component comprises an ice maker and a water kettle, one part of water flows to the ice maker after passing through the water dividing valve, and the other part of water flows to the water kettle.
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| CN115388559B (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2023-02-24 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Flow abnormity determination method and device and air energy hot water system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19990058141A (en) * | 1997-12-30 | 1999-07-15 | 윤종용 | Automatic ice maker of the refrigerator |
| CN102367913A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-03-07 | 大连市金州区登沙河云峰管路配件厂 | Monitoring system for petroleum pipeline |
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| US20150236546A1 (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2015-08-20 | Witricity Corporation | Integrated Repeaters For Cell Phone Applications |
| JP6879081B2 (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2021-06-02 | 株式会社デンソーウェーブ | Leakage detector |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19990058141A (en) * | 1997-12-30 | 1999-07-15 | 윤종용 | Automatic ice maker of the refrigerator |
| CN102367913A (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-03-07 | 大连市金州区登沙河云峰管路配件厂 | Monitoring system for petroleum pipeline |
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|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
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Address after: 266101 Haier Industrial Park, 1 Haier Road, Laoshan District, Shandong, Qingdao Applicant after: QINGDAO HAIER REFRIGERATOR Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Haier Zhijia Co., Ltd Address before: 266101 Haier Industrial Park, 1 Haier Road, Laoshan District, Shandong, Qingdao Applicant before: QINGDAO HAIER REFRIGERATOR Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: Haier Limited by Share Ltd, Qingdao |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |