CN111719044A - Ore smelting electric furnace and electrolysis short-flow combined refined tin smelting method - Google Patents
Ore smelting electric furnace and electrolysis short-flow combined refined tin smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- C25C1/14—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of tin
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for smelting refined tin by combining an ore-smelting electric furnace and an electrolysis short flow, which comprises the steps of proportioning, smelting, manufacturing an anode plate, manufacturing a cathode plate, preparing electrolyte, electrolyzing and casting a ingot, wherein the direct yield of a tin product is more than 95%, the daily treatment capacity reaches 80-100 t, the consumption of a reducing agent is 80-100 Kg/t, and the consumption of acid is 600-800 Kg/d.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tin smelting, and particularly relates to a method for smelting refined tin in an ore-smelting electric furnace and an electrolysis short process.
Background
At present, the tin smelting method adopted in the tin industry is that crude tin obtained by a tin concentrate through an electric furnace smelting furnace enters electrolysis to obtain soldering tin, the soldering tin is separated through lead and tin to obtain refined tin, and the lead and tin separation process comprises crystallization separation, vacuum separation and the like, so that the process is too complex, the investment cost is higher, and the labor intensity of workers is higher, therefore, the development of the ore-smelting electric furnace and electrolysis short-flow combined refined tin smelting method is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for smelting refined tin by combining an ore-smelting electric furnace and an electrolysis short process.
The invention aims to realize the method for smelting refined tin by combining an ore-smelting electric furnace and an electrolysis short flow, which comprises the following steps of proportioning, smelting, manufacturing an anode plate, manufacturing a cathode plate, configuring electrolyte, electrolyzing and casting ingots:
A. preparing materials: pretreating tin-containing materials with the average grade of 45-50%, adding a reducing agent according to the proportion of 8-10% and adding a fusing agent according to the proportion of 8-9%;
B. smelting: putting the prepared materials into an ore thermoelectric furnace with the temperature of 1723-1873K, and smelting for 20-24 hours by controlling the power of the electric furnace to 1200KVA, the primary voltage to be measured to be 10KV, the secondary voltage to be measured to be 110-150V and the secondary current to be measured to be 1000-7873A, so as to obtain crude tin with the tin content of more than 90%, slag with the tin content of 5-8% and smoke dust with the tin content of less than 10%, wherein the average tin content of the smoke dust is 50-60%;
C. manufacturing an anode plate: taking crude tin which is obtained by smelting in an electric furnace and contains more than 90 percent of average grade of tin as a main raw material, and casting the crude tin into an anode plate by using a disc casting machine;
D. manufacturing a cathode plate: casting refined tin with the grade of more than 99.95 percent as a raw material into a cathode sheet;
E. preparing an electrolyte: by H2SO4And H2SiF6System is according to H2SO430~60g/L、H2SiF6Preparing an electrolyte at a ratio of 80-150 g/L;
F. electrolysis: putting an anode plate and a cathode plate into an electrolytic cell in sequence, and controlling the current intensity of an electrolyte to be 300-3000A, the temperature of the electrolyte to be 15-45 ℃ and the cell voltage to be 0.10-0.40V to obtain electrolytic refined tin with the grade of 99.95-99.99%, anode mud with the grade of less than 10% and residual anodes with the grade of less than 10% after an electrolysis period of 4 days, wherein the tin content grade of the anode mud is 30-40% and the tin content grade of the residual anodes is 70-80%;
G. and (3) casting a tin ingot by using electrolytic refined tin with the grade of 99.95-99.99% obtained by electrolysis as a main raw material.
As a further improvement of the invention, the reducing agent in the step A is anthracite, and the fusing agent is limestone.
As a further improvement of the invention, the proportion of 8-10% in the step A refers to that tin concentrate is 8-10% of tin concentrate in comparison with the reducing agent, and the proportion of 8-9% refers to that the added flux is 8-9% of tin concentrate.
As a further improvement of the invention, the temperature in the step B refers to the temperature required before the electric furnace is used for discharging tin and slag.
As a further improvement of the invention, H in the step E2SO4Is dilute H2SO4。
As a further improvement of the invention, the arrangement sequence of the anode plates and the cathode plates in the step F means that one anode plate is arranged between two cathode plates, namely the number of the cathode plates in each slot is one more than that of the anode plates.
The direct recovery rate of the tin product is more than 95%, the daily treatment capacity reaches 80-100 t, the consumption of the reducing agent is 80-100 Kg/t, and the consumption of the acid is 600-800 Kg/d, the electric furnace and electrolysis short-flow smelting is adopted, the smelting process is shortened, the energy consumption and the personnel input cost are reduced, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the operation is simple and convenient, the cost is reduced, meanwhile, the strict control of the flow is carried out, and the economic benefit is improved, wherein the direct recovery rate of the tin in the smelting part of the electric furnace is more than 80%, and the direct recovery rate of the tin in the electrolysis part is more than 90%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited in any way, and any alterations or substitutions based on the teaching of the invention are within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The pretreated material contains 2241.0108t of tin, the tin content is 46.4 percent through detection, a reducing agent is added according to the proportion of 8-10 percent, and a flux is added according to the proportion of 8-9 percent; putting the prepared materials into an ore thermoelectric furnace with the temperature of 1723-1873K, and smelting for 24 hours by controlling the power of the electric furnace to 1200KVA, the primary voltage to be measured to be 10KV, the secondary voltage to be measured to be 110-150V and the secondary current to be measured to be 1000-7873A, so as to obtain crude tin containing 1978.4439t with the tin grade of 95.35%, slag tin containing 98.505t with the tin grade of 5.45% and smoke tin containing 125.1663t with the smoke dust with the average tin grade of 56.73%; the calculated direct yield of tin is 88.28%; taking crude tin with the tin content of 95.35 percent obtained by smelting in an electric furnace as a main raw material, and casting the crude tin into an anode plate by using a disc casting machine; casting refined tin with the grade of more than 99.95 percent as a raw material into a cathode sheet; and contains 2245.266t of tin. By H2SO4And H2SiF6Form a two-acid system according to H2SO430~60g/L、H2SiF6Preparing an electrolyte at a ratio of 80-150 g/L; arranging anode plates and cathode plates in an electrolytic cell in sequence, and obtaining 99.97% grade electrolytic refined tin 2078.543t, 2.33% anode mud tin 52.3869t and 4.22% residual anode tin 94.9583t by controlling the current intensity of an electrolyte solution to be 300-3000A, the temperature of the electrolyte solution to be 15-45 ℃ and the voltage of the electrolytic cell to be 0.10-0.40V and carrying out an electrolysis cycle for 4 days; wherein the tin content grade of the anode mud is 38.95 percent, and the tin content grade of the anode scrap is 77.62 percent; the calculated direct yield of tin was 92.57%; using electrolytic refined tin with the grade of 99.97 percent obtained by electrolysis as a main raw material to cast a tin ingot; feeding 2376.768t containing tin as a raw material to obtain 2341.9055t of tin ingots; the calculated direct yield of tin was 98.53%.
Example 2
The pretreated material contains 2359.1112t of tin, the tin content is 47.96 percent through detection, a reducing agent is added according to the proportion of 8-10 percent, and a flux is added according to the proportion of 8-9 percent; the prepared materials are put intoPutting the raw material into an ore thermoelectric furnace with the temperature of 1723-1873K, and smelting for 24 hours by controlling the power of the electric furnace to 1200KVA, the primary voltage measurement to 10KV, the secondary voltage measurement to 110-150V and the secondary current measurement to 1000-7873A to obtain crude tin containing 2137.5249t with the tin grade of 94.89%, slag tin containing 116.6701t with the tin grade of 6.29% and smoke tin containing 131.6384t with the average tin containing 56.03%; the calculated direct yield of tin is 90.6%; taking crude tin with tin content of 94.89 percent obtained by smelting in an electric furnace as a main raw material, and casting the crude tin into an anode plate by using a disc casting machine; casting refined tin with the grade of more than 99.95 percent as a raw material into a cathode sheet; the total tin content is 2072.0056 t. By H2SO4And H2SiF6Form a two-acid system according to H2SO430~60g/L、H2SiF6Preparing an electrolyte at a ratio of 80-150 g/L; arranging the anode plates and the cathode plates in an electrolytic cell in sequence, and controlling the current intensity of the electrolyte to be 300-3000A, the temperature of the electrolyte to be 15-45 ℃ and the voltage of the cell to be 0.10-0.40V to obtain 99.97% grade electrolytic refined tin 1922.8714t, 2.84% anode mud 58.9343t and 3.6% residual anode 74.6832t through an electrolysis period for 4 days. Wherein the tin content grade of the anode mud is 39.93 percent, and the tin content grade of the residual anode is 78.2 percent; the calculated direct yield of tin is 92.8%; using electrolytic refined tin with the grade of 99.97 percent obtained by electrolysis as a main raw material to cast a tin ingot; the amount of the added tin is 1561.9779 t; obtaining a tin ingot 1532.4081 t; the calculated direct yield of tin was 98.1%.
Example 3
The pretreated material contains 2558.7053t of tin, the tin content is 49.43 percent through detection, a reducing agent is added according to the proportion of 8-10 percent, and a fusing agent is added according to the proportion of 8-9 percent; putting the prepared materials into an ore thermoelectric furnace with the temperature of 1723-1873K, and smelting for 22 hours by controlling the power of the electric furnace to 1200KVA, the primary voltage measurement to 10KV, the secondary voltage measurement to 110-150V and the secondary current measurement to 1000-7873A to obtain crude tin content 2155.144t with the tin grade of 95.82 percent, slag tin content 159.1183t with the tin grade of 7.5 percent and smoke tin content 146.1048t with the smoke with the average tin content of 57.21 percent; the calculated direct yield of tin is 84.22%; crude tin with 95.82 percent of tin grade obtained by electric furnace smelting is used as a main raw material and is cast into the tin-rich tin alloy by a disc casting machineAn anode plate; casting refined tin with the grade of more than 99.95 percent as a raw material into a cathode sheet; and contains 2116.9078t of tin. By H2SO4And H2SiF6Form a two-acid system according to H2SO430~60g/L、H2SiF6Preparing an electrolyte at a ratio of 80-150 g/L; arranging the anode plates and the cathode plates in an electrolytic cell in sequence, and controlling the current intensity of the electrolyte to be 300-3000A, the temperature of the electrolyte to be 15-45 ℃ and the voltage of the cell to be 0.10-0.40V to obtain 99.97% grade of electrolytic refined tin containing 1976.2603t, 2.89% anode mud tin content 61.2097t and 2.9% residual anode tin content 61.5281t through an electrolysis period for 4 days. Wherein the tin content grade of the anode mud is 40.35%, and the tin content grade of the residual anode is 78.58%; the calculated direct yield of tin was 93.35%; casting a tin ingot by using electrolytic refined tin with the grade of 99.97 percent obtained by electrolysis as a raw material; the amount of the added tin is 1889.2249 t; obtaining a tin ingot 1758.4984 t; the calculated direct yield of tin was 99.38%.
Example 4
The pretreated material contains 2740.9251t of tin, the tin content is detected to be 49.28%, a reducing agent is added according to the proportion of 8-10%, and a flux is added according to the proportion of 8-9%; putting the prepared materials into an ore thermoelectric furnace with the temperature of 1723-1873K, and smelting for 22 hours by controlling the power of the electric furnace to 1200KVA, the primary voltage measurement to 10KV, the secondary voltage measurement to 110-150V and the secondary current measurement to 1000-7873A to obtain crude tin content 2248.5888t with the tin grade of 96.4%, slag tin content 123.509t with the tin grade of 6.14% and smoke tin content 155.5009t with the smoke dust with the average tin content of 55.67%; the calculated direct yield of tin was 82.03%; taking crude tin with 96.4 percent of tin grade obtained by smelting in an electric furnace as a main raw material, and casting the crude tin into an anode plate by using a disc casting machine; casting refined tin with the grade of more than 99.95 percent as a raw material into a cathode sheet; and contains 2272.5308t of tin. By H2SO4And H2SiF6Form a two-acid system according to H2SO430~60g/L、H2SiF6Preparing an electrolyte at a ratio of 80-150 g/L; arranging anode plates and cathode plates in an electrolytic cell in sequence, and obtaining electricity with the grade of 99.97 percent by controlling the current intensity of electrolyte to be 300-3000A, the temperature of the electrolyte to be 15-45 ℃ and the voltage of the electrolytic cell to be 0.10-0.40V for 4 days in an electrolysis cycleRefined tin is 2136.8572t, 2.34 percent of anode mud tin content 53.2498t and 2.76 percent of residual anode tin content 62.7903 t. Wherein the tin content grade of the anode mud is 39.84 percent, and the tin content grade of the residual anode is 78.15 percent; the calculated direct yield of tin is 94.02%; casting a tin ingot by using electrolytic refined tin with the grade of 99.97 percent obtained by electrolysis as a raw material; the amount of the added tin is 2061.9328 t; obtaining a tin ingot 2017.2524 t; the calculated direct yield of tin was 98.03%.
Example 5
The pretreated material contains 2584.928t of tin, the tin content is 44.94 percent through detection, a reducing agent is added according to the proportion of 8-10 percent, and a fusing agent is added according to the proportion of 8-9 percent; putting the prepared materials into an ore thermoelectric furnace with the temperature of 1723-1873K, and smelting for 22 hours by controlling the power of the electric furnace to 1200KVA, the primary voltage measurement to 10KV, the secondary voltage measurement to 110-150V and the secondary current measurement to 1000-7873A to obtain crude tin content 2099.3052t with the tin grade of 96.01%, slag tin content 198.9436t with the tin grade of 7.72% and smoke tin content 95.7666t with the smoke tin grade of 3.7%, wherein the average tin content of the smoke is 56.26%; the calculated direct yield of tin is 81.21%; taking crude tin with the tin content of 96.01 percent obtained by smelting in an electric furnace as a main raw material, and casting into an anode plate by using a disc casting machine; casting refined tin with the grade of more than 99.95 percent as a raw material into a cathode sheet; and contains 2232.1679t of tin. By H2SO4And H2SiF6Form a two-acid system according to H2SO430~60g/L、H2SiF6Preparing an electrolyte at a ratio of 80-150 g/L; arranging the anode plates and the cathode plates in an electrolytic cell in sequence, and controlling the current intensity of the electrolyte to be 300-3000A, the temperature of the electrolyte to be 15-45 ℃ and the voltage of the cell to be 0.10-0.40V to obtain the electrolytic refined tin containing 2091.0000t with the grade of 99.97 percent, the anode mud tin content of 2.54 percent 56.7745t and the residual anode tin content of 2.96 percent 66.2479t through an electrolysis period for 4 days. Wherein the tin content grade of the anode mud is 39.13 percent, and the tin content grade of the anode scrap is 77.55 percent; the calculated direct yield of tin is 93.67%; casting a tin ingot by using electrolytic refined tin with the grade of 99.97 percent obtained by electrolysis as a raw material; the amount of the added tin is 2460.9216 t; obtaining a tin ingot 2390.3025 t; the calculated direct yield of tin was 98.03%.
Claims (6)
1. A method for smelting refined tin by combining an ore-smelting electric furnace and an electrolysis short flow comprises the following steps of proportioning, smelting, manufacturing an anode plate, manufacturing a cathode sheet, preparing electrolyte, electrolyzing and casting ingots, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A. preparing materials: pretreating tin-containing materials with the average grade of 45-50%, adding a reducing agent according to the proportion of 8-10% and adding a fusing agent according to the proportion of 8-9%;
B. smelting: putting the prepared materials into an ore thermoelectric furnace with the temperature of 1723-1873K, and smelting for 20-24 hours by controlling the power of the electric furnace to 1200KVA, the primary voltage to be measured to be 10KV, the secondary voltage to be measured to be 110-150V and the secondary current to be measured to be 1000-7873A, so as to obtain crude tin with the tin content of more than 90%, slag with the tin content of 5-8% and smoke dust with the tin content of less than 10%, wherein the average tin content of the smoke dust is 50-60%;
C. manufacturing an anode plate: taking crude tin which is obtained by smelting in an electric furnace and contains more than 90 percent of average grade of tin as a main raw material, and casting the crude tin into an anode plate by using a disc casting machine;
D. manufacturing a cathode plate: casting refined tin with the grade of more than 99.95 percent as a raw material into a cathode sheet;
E. preparing an electrolyte: by H2SO4And H2SiF6System is according to H2SO430~60g/L、H2SiF6Preparing an electrolyte at a ratio of 80-150 g/L;
F. electrolysis: putting an anode plate and a cathode plate into an electrolytic cell in sequence, and controlling the current intensity of an electrolyte to be 300-3000A, the temperature of the electrolyte to be 15-45 ℃ and the cell voltage to be 0.10-0.40V to obtain electrolytic refined tin with the grade of 99.95-99.99%, anode mud with the grade of less than 10% and residual anodes with the grade of less than 10% after an electrolysis period of 4 days, wherein the tin content grade of the anode mud is 30-40% and the tin content grade of the residual anodes is 70-80%;
G. and (3) casting a tin ingot by using electrolytic refined tin with the grade of 99.95-99.99% obtained by electrolysis as a main raw material.
2. The method for smelting refined tin by combining the ore-smelting electric furnace and the short electrolysis process according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the reducing agent in the step A is anthracite, and the fusing agent is limestone.
3. The method for smelting refined tin by combining the ore-smelting electric furnace and the short electrolysis process according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the proportion of 8-10% in the step A refers to that tin concentrate is 8-10% of tin concentrate compared with the reducing agent, and the proportion of 8-9% refers to that the added flux is 8-9% of the tin concentrate.
4. The method for smelting refined tin by combining the ore-smelting electric furnace and the short electrolysis process according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and the temperature in the step B is the temperature required before the electric furnace is used for discharging tin and slag.
5. The ore-smelting electric furnace and electrolysis short-flow combined refined tin smelting method according to claim 4, characterized in that: h in the step E2SO4Is dilute H2SO4。
6. The method for smelting refined tin by combining the ore-smelting electric furnace and the electrolysis short flow according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: the arrangement sequence of the anode plates and the cathode plates in the step F means that one anode plate is arranged between two cathode plates, namely the number of the cathode plates in each groove is one more than that of the anode plates.
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CN1150182A (en) * | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-21 | 个旧市冶金研究所 | Direct electrolyzing method for producing high-quality fine Sn using low-quality crude Sn |
JP2006124782A (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-18 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Method for recovering indium utilizing tin refining or the like |
CN101787445A (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2010-07-28 | 云南锡业集团(控股)有限责任公司 | DC electric furnace-fuming furnace combined tin-smelting method |
CN103993180A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-08-20 | 岑溪市东正动力科技开发有限公司 | Method for recovering valuable metals from scrap copper anode slime |
CN105695744A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-22 | 江西自立环保科技有限公司 | Full-path full-valence separation method for multifarious metal |
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CN1150182A (en) * | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-21 | 个旧市冶金研究所 | Direct electrolyzing method for producing high-quality fine Sn using low-quality crude Sn |
JP2006124782A (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-18 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Method for recovering indium utilizing tin refining or the like |
CN101787445A (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2010-07-28 | 云南锡业集团(控股)有限责任公司 | DC electric furnace-fuming furnace combined tin-smelting method |
CN103993180A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-08-20 | 岑溪市东正动力科技开发有限公司 | Method for recovering valuable metals from scrap copper anode slime |
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Application publication date: 20200929 |