CN111715411B - Beneficiation method for high-sulfur lead-zinc ore - Google Patents
Beneficiation method for high-sulfur lead-zinc ore Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/018—Mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
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- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/06—Depressants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
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- B03D2203/02—Ores
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beneficiation method of high-sulfur lead-zinc ore, which comprises the following steps: 1) grinding: crushing raw ore, and performing wet ball milling to obtain ore pulp; 2) flotation: and (3) after lime is used for size mixing, sequentially adding a sulfur inhibitor HQ-1, a zinc inhibitor, a lead collecting agent and a foaming agent, and performing flotation separation on the ore pulp to obtain high-quality lead concentrate. The lead flotation operation adopts an unsaturated dosing mode, the lead collecting agent is added in small quantity step by step, the process flow of two-rough two-sweep three-fine mode is adopted, and the sulfur inhibitor HQ-1 which is added by the combination of thioglycolic acid with the mass concentration of 1.0-2.0%, sodium lignin sulfonate with the mass concentration of 0.5-1.0% and dextrin aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.25-0.5% (wherein the mass ratio of the thioglycolic acid aqueous solution, the sodium lignin sulfonate aqueous solution and the dextrin aqueous solution is 2-3: 1) and has high-efficiency selective inhibition performance is adopted in the lead roughing operation, so that the high-efficiency separation of lead ore and pyrite under the weak alkaline condition is realized, and the lead concentrate with the lead grade of more than 58% and the lead recovery rate of more than 85% is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing, and particularly relates to a beneficiation method of high-sulfur lead-zinc ore.
Background
The lead-zinc ore resources in China are rich, and the lead-zinc ore has the characteristics of wide and concentrated distribution, complex ore types, more associated valuable components, less lean ores, more rich ores and the like. Although lead-zinc ore resources are abundant, in recent years, due to continuous exploitation, lead-zinc ore resources which are easy to exploit, complete in structure and good in floatability are reduced year by year, so that the phenomena of poor quality, fineness and impurity are mostly generated, and the mineral separation technology faces many challenges. High-sulfur lead-zinc ore is a common lead-zinc ore type, the sulfur content in raw ore is high, iron sulfide ore is mainly pyrite, the floatability of the pyrite is changed greatly due to the non-uniformity of the surface structure of the pyrite, the difference of lattice defects, the activation of inevitable ions and the galvanic couple effect of Galvanic couple under different ore forming conditions, and the separation of lead sulfur and zinc sulfur is difficult to control. Therefore, how to effectively inhibit pyrite becomes the key for sorting the high-sulfur lead-zinc ore.
In order to better inhibit pyrite, it is often necessary to add inhibitors, and the current inhibitors for pyrite mainly fall into two main categories: (1) inorganic inhibitors: main lime, sulfite, potassium permanganate, cyanide and the like; (2) organic inhibitors: triethylenediammonium (DETA), Sodium Glyceroxanthate (SGX), polyacrylamides substituted with different functional groups, polysaccharides, lignosulfonate-modified biopolymers, lignosulfonate, humate and the like. The main mechanism of action of sulfur inhibitors with pyrite: (1) the high-alkali system can effectively reduce the surface oxidation potential of the pyrite, so that the pyrite is easy to self-oxidize to generate hydrophilic substance Fe (OH)3、S2O3 2-And SO4 2-(ii) a (2) Changing the ion composition and deactivation of the ore pulp; (3) the surface hydrophilicity of the pyrite is enhanced by adsorbing the pyrite on the surface; (4) desorbing the collector adsorbed on the surface of the pyrite or preventing the collector from adsorbing and the like.
At present, the most common sulfur inhibitor for industrial application in production fields is lime, and the lime is used in a large amount for sorting high-sulfur polymetallic sulfide ores, so that the following problems are often caused: (1) the pH value of ore pulp is high, and the recycling of mineral processing wastewater is difficult; (2) the pipeline is seriously scaled; (3) the recovery rate of rare and precious metals is low due to the high-alkali environment, the subsequent metal mineral activation is difficult, and the medicament cost is high; (4) the lime consumption is large, the flotation foam is sticky, the entrainment is serious, the production control is difficult, and the index fluctuation is large. Therefore, the research on how to effectively inhibit pyrite, the high-sulfur polymetallic sulphide ore sorting process and the research, development and application of the high-efficiency environment-friendly sulfur inhibitor are very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a beneficiation method of high-sulfur lead-zinc ore under a low-alkali condition, which can greatly reduce the use amount of lime and enable the beneficiation process to be more stable under the conditions of obtaining high-grade lead concentrate and high-recovery-rate zinc.
The beneficiation method of the high-sulfur lead-zinc ore comprises the following steps:
1) grinding: crushing raw ore, and performing wet ball milling to obtain ore pulp;
2) flotation: and (3) after lime is used for size mixing, sequentially adding a sulfur inhibitor HQ-1, a zinc inhibitor, a lead collecting agent and a foaming agent, and performing flotation separation on the ore pulp to obtain high-quality lead concentrate.
In the step 1), the grinding fineness is-74 μm and accounts for 60-85%.
In the step 2), lime is added to adjust the pH value of the ore pulp to 9-10, and the foaming agent is terpineol oil.
In the step 2), the active components of the sulfur inhibitor HQ-1 comprise thioglycolic acid, sodium lignosulphonate and dextrin; preferably, the sulfur inhibitor HQ-1 is an aqueous solution of an active component, the mass concentration of the thioglycolic acid aqueous solution is 1.0-2.0%, the mass concentration of the sodium lignosulfonate aqueous solution is 0.5-1.0%, and the mass concentration of the dextrin aqueous solution is 0.25-0.5%; wherein: the adding mass ratio of the thioglycolic acid aqueous solution to the sodium lignosulphonate aqueous solution to the dextrin aqueous solution is 2-3: 1.
In the step 2), the active components of the zinc inhibitor comprise zinc sulfate and sodium carbonate; preferably, the zinc inhibitor is an aqueous solution of an active component, and the zinc inhibitor is prepared from 3-5% of zinc sulfate aqueous solution and 3-5% of sodium carbonate aqueous solution in a mass ratio of 1-3: 1.
In the step 2), the active components of the lead collecting agent comprise ethidium nitrate and ammonium nitrate black powder; preferably, the lead collecting agent is an aqueous solution of active components, the mass concentration of the ethyl-sulfur-nitrogen aqueous solution is 0.5-1%, the mass concentration of the ammonium-butyl-ammonium-black-agent aqueous solution is 0.5-1%, and the mass ratio of the two is 2-3: 1.
The flotation process comprises two rough steps, two sweep steps and three fine steps, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) adding 3000-4000 g/t lime into the ore pulp subjected to wet ball milling of the raw ore, adjusting the pH of the ore pulp to 9-10, and stirring; adding 100-300 g/t of HQ-1, and stirring for 2-3 minutes; adding 1000-1500 g/t of zinc inhibitor, and stirring for 2-3 minutes; adding 40-60 g/t of lead collecting agent, and stirring for 2-3 minutes; adding 20-30 g/t of pine oil, and stirring for 0.5-1 min; scraping and soaking for 3-3.5 minutes after fully stirring to obtain a lead roughing concentrate product, wherein the product in the tank is a feed of lead roughing II; after finishing lead roughing, continuously adding 35-45 g/t of lead collecting agent into the product in the tank, stirring for 2-3 minutes, carrying out air stirring, scraping for 1-1.5 minutes, and carrying out lead roughing II to obtain a lead roughing II concentrate product, wherein the product in the tank is scavenging feed;
2) the three times of concentration are as follows: combining the lead roughing first concentrate product and the lead roughing second concentrate product, sending the mixture into a concentration flotation machine, fully stirring, adding 300-500 g/t lime, stirring for 2-3 minutes, adding 400-600 g/t zinc inhibitor, stirring for 2-3 minutes, performing air flotation, scraping bubbles for 2-2.5 minutes to obtain a first concentration foam product, and returning the product in the first roughing tank; feeding the foam product of the first concentration into a second concentration flotation machine, fully stirring, adding 150-300 g/t lime, stirring for 2-3 minutes, adding 200-300 g/t zinc inhibitor, stirring for 2-3 minutes, carrying out air stirring, and scraping for 1-1.5 minutes to obtain a second foam product of the concentrate, wherein the product in the first concentration tank returns to the first concentration tank; feeding the second-choice foam product into a third-choice flotation machine, fully stirring, scraping and soaking for 1-1.25 to obtain a final high-quality lead concentrate product, and returning the product in the tank to the second-choice tank;
3) the two times of scavenging are as follows: after the second lead roughing step is finished, closing aeration, adding 10-20 g/t of lead collecting agent, stirring for 2-3 minutes, aerating and floating, scraping bubbles for 0.5-1 minute for first scavenging, and after full stirring, beginning aeration and scraping bubbles to obtain a foam product of the first scavenging step and returning the foam product to the second roughing step; and continuously adding 5-10 g/t of lead collecting agent into the product in the tank, stirring for 2-3 minutes, performing air flotation, scraping bubbles for 0.25-0.5 minutes, performing scavenging for the second time to obtain a scavenged secondary foam product, returning the scavenged secondary foam product to the scavenging primary tank, and obtaining the product in the tank, namely the lead flotation tailings.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
thioglycollic acid (C)2H4O2S) is a sulfydryl micromolecule inhibitor, which has two polar groups (carboxyl and sulfydryl), wherein the sulfydryl (-SH) has affinity, reducibility, can overcome the action of water molecules on the surface of the pyrite to selectively adsorb on the surface of the pyrite, and adsorbs with the pyrite by virtue of the carboxyl (-COOH) to occupy the adsorption site of the collecting agent, so that the adsorption quantity of the collecting agent on the surface of the pyrite is reduced, and the surface of the pyrite is hydrophilic, thereby being inhibited. But the thioglycolic acid is weakly adsorbed on the surface of the galena, so that the adsorption of the collecting agent on the surface of the galena is not influenced, and the flotation of the galena is basically not influenced. In addition, the thioglycolic acid can be complexed with heavy metal ions of activated pyrite, so that the inhibiting effect on the pyrite is enhanced. The sodium lignosulfonate is an organic high-molecular compound, and has a chemical structure containing a large number of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, so that the lignosulfonate has a series of properties and capabilities of hydrophile-hydrophobicity, surface activity, colloid chemistry and the like. Carboxyl in sodium lignosulfonate molecules selectively reacts with the surface of the pyrite, and hydroxyl is distributed outwards in a directional mode and wraps the surface of the pyrite to form a hydrophilic colloid film on the surface of the pyrite, so that adsorption of a collecting agent is prevented, and the pyrite is strongly inhibited. And the sodium lignosulfonate is weakly adsorbed on the surface of the galena and basically has no influence on the further adsorption of the collecting agent, so that the floatability of the galena is not influenced. Dextrin is also an organic high molecular compound, mainly based on metal hydroxylation with the surface of mineralsThe compound chemically reacts and becomes adsorbed on the mineral surface. Because the pH intervals of metal hydroxyl compounds generated on the surfaces of the galena and the pyrite are different, the dextrin and the iron hydroxyl compounds are subjected to chemical reaction under the alkalescent condition and only pass through the hydrogen bond action with the surface of the galena, so that the selective inhibition effect on the pyrite is generated, and the flotation of the galena is not influenced. Therefore, the sodium lignosulfonate, the thioglycollic acid and the dextrin are combined and used according to a certain proportion, a synergistic effect among medicaments can be generated, the selective inhibition effect on pyrite is enhanced, and the flotation separation of the high-sulfur lead-zinc ore is better realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the lead flotation operation adopts an unsaturated dosing mode, the lead collecting agent is added in small quantity step by step, through a process flow of two-rough two-sweep three-fine, and a sulfur inhibitor HQ-1 which is added by combining 1.0-2.0% of thioglycollic acid, 0.5-1.0% of sodium lignosulfonate and 0.25-0.5% of dextrin (wherein the mass ratio of the thioglycollic acid aqueous solution to the sodium lignosulfonate aqueous solution to the dextrin aqueous solution is 2-3: 1) and has high-efficiency selective inhibition performance is adopted in the lead roughing operation, so that the high-efficiency separation of galena and pyrite under the weak alkaline condition is realized, and the lead concentrate with the lead grade of more than 58% and the lead recovery rate of more than 85% is obtained; meanwhile, the lime consumption is greatly reduced, the lead flotation foam is fresh and stable, and the production is easy to operate; the low-alkali process flow not only avoids the problems of difficult recycling of high-alkali beneficiation wastewater, scaling of pipelines and the like, but also can reduce the cost of beneficiation reagents.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of the flotation process of example 1;
FIG. 2 flow diagram of the flotation process of example 2;
figure 3 is a flow diagram of the flotation process of comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials, reagents, and the like used therein are commercially available without otherwise specified.
In order to more clearly show the technical effects of the technical solution provided by the present invention, the flotation method and the efficient sulfur suppressor for high-sulfur lead-zinc ore provided by the present invention are described in detail with specific examples.
Example 1
According to the sorting method of the high-sulfur lead-zinc ore and the high-efficiency sulfur inhibitor, the high-sulfur lead-zinc ore is applied to a certain high-sulfur lead-zinc silver ore in Yunnan, the lead grade in the raw ore is 2.98%, the zinc grade is 2.79%, the silver grade is 114.95g/t, and the sulfur grade is as high as 27.79%. Lead exists mainly in the form of galena, the proportion rate is about 82.55%, and the proportion rate of white lead ore, plumbite and other lead is 17.45%. The main metal minerals in the ore are pyrite, galena, sphalerite and the like, and the gangue minerals are mainly kaolinite, quartz, chlorite, sericite and the like.
The raw ore sample is firstly crushed, ball-milled to-0.074 mm accounting for 75%, and then the ground ore pulp is introduced into a flotation tank for flotation test, wherein the test flow and the chemical system are shown in figure 1, and the concrete steps are as follows:
1) in this example, the high-sulfur inhibitor HQ-1 was added together with a 1% thioglycolic acid aqueous solution, a 1% sodium lignosulfonate aqueous solution and a 0.5% dextrin aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 2:2:1, respectively. The zinc inhibitor is added together with a 5% zinc sulfate solution and a 5% sodium carbonate solution in a mass ratio of 2: 1. The lead collecting agent is added together with 1% of ethyl-sulfur-nitrogen aqueous solution and 1% of ammonium-butyl-black-drug aqueous solution in a mass ratio of 2: 1.
2) Adding 3500g/t of lime into the ground ore pulp, and adjusting the pH value to 9.5;
3) twice roughing of lead
Roughly selecting one: adding 300g/t of sulfur inhibitor HQ-1, 1200g/t of zinc inhibitor (a combination of zinc sulfate and sodium carbonate), 60g/t of lead collecting agent (a combination of ethyl sulfur nitrogen and ammonium nitrate black powder), 30g/t of foaming agent (pine oil), and performing air flotation, wherein a foam product obtained by lead roughing is lead rough concentrate 1, and a product in a tank is lead roughing secondary ore.
And (4) rough selection of two: and adding 35g/t of ethyl-sulfur-nitrogen and ammonium nitrate-black-drug combination into the product in the first roughing step, and performing air flotation, wherein the foam product obtained by the second lead roughing step is lead rough concentrate 2, and the product in the tank is scavenging feed.
4) Tertiary concentration
Selecting one: and (3) merging the concentrate products of the first roughing and the second roughing in the step 2), sending the mixture into a flotation machine, fully stirring, sequentially adding 500g/t of lime, 600g/t of zinc sulfate and sodium carbonate for combination, performing air flotation to obtain a foam product of the first fine concentration, and returning the product in the first lead roughing tank.
Selecting two: and (3) feeding the foam product of the first selection into a flotation tank of a second selection, fully stirring, sequentially adding 300g/t of lime, 300g/t of zinc sulfate and sodium carbonate for combination, performing air flotation to obtain a foam product of the second selection, and returning the product in the tank to the first selection tank.
Selecting three: and (4) feeding the foam product of the second concentration into a flotation tank of the second concentration, fully stirring to obtain a final lead concentrate product, and returning the product in the tank to the flotation tank of the second concentration.
5) Twice scavenging
Selecting one by sweeping: and 3) after the second roughing in the step 3) is finished, closing the air inflation, adding 15g/t of ethidium and ammonium nitrate black powder combination, fully stirring, inflating and scraping bubbles to obtain a first scavenging foam product, returning the first scavenging foam product to the second roughing tank, and feeding the second scavenging foam product in the tank.
And (2) selecting two: adding 7.5g/t of ethidium and ammonium nitrate black powder combination into the product in the first scavenging tank, fully stirring, inflating and scraping to obtain a second scavenging foam product, and returning the second scavenging foam product to the first scavenging tank, wherein the product in the first scavenging tank is lead flotation tailings.
After the flotation process is carried out for six times and the balance is achieved, the quality and the grade of flotation concentrate and flotation tailings obtained in each test are basically unchanged, and the stabilized concentrate and tailings are sampled and sent to chemical analysis.
The flotation result is shown in table 1, and the test result shows that the lead grade in the flotation lead concentrate is 59.02%, the zinc grade is 3.17%, the silver grade is 2083.69g/t, the lead recovery rate is 85.87%, the zinc loss rate is 4.98% and the silver recovery rate is 78.04%.
TABLE 1 lead flotation closed circuit test results%
Note: units are g/t.
Example 2
According to the sorting method of the high-sulfur lead-zinc ore and the efficient sulfur inhibitor, the high-sulfur lead-zinc ore is applied to sorting of certain high-sulfur silver-lead-zinc ore in Xinjiang, the lead grade in raw ore is 4.28%, the zinc grade is 4.89%, the silver grade is 126.85g/t, and the sulfur grade is as high as 17.25%. Lead exists mainly in the form of galena, the proportion is about 88.47%, and the proportion of white lead ore, plumbum alum, plumbite and other lead is 11.53%. The main metal minerals in the ore are pyrite, galena, blende and the like, and the gangue minerals are mainly quartz, mica, feldspar and other minerals. The galena is embedded in coarse grains, and the zinc blende is produced in medium and fine grains.
The raw ore sample is firstly crushed, ball-milled to-0.074 mm accounting for 70%, and then the ground ore pulp is sent into a flotation tank for flotation test, the test flow and the chemical system are shown in figure 2, and the concrete steps are as follows:
1) in this example, the high-sulfur inhibitor HQ-1 was added together with a 2% thioglycolic acid aqueous solution, a 1% sodium lignosulfonate aqueous solution and a 0.5% dextrin aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 3:3:1, respectively. The zinc inhibitor is prepared by adding a 5% zinc sulfate solution and a 5% sodium sulfite solution together in a mass ratio of 1: 1. The lead collecting agent is prepared by mixing 1% by mass concentration of ethyl-sulfur-nitrogen aqueous solution and 25% by mass concentration of ethyl-sulfur-nitrogen aqueous solution#Adding the black medicine stock solution together, wherein the mass ratio is 3: 1. Adding the pinitol oil according to the stock solution.
2) Adding 1500g/t of lime into the ground ore pulp, and adjusting the pH value to be 8.5;
3) twice roughing of lead
Roughly selecting one: adding 200g/t of sulfur inhibitor into the ore pulp obtained in the step 2)HQ-1, 2000g/t zinc inhibitor (zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite combined), 70g/t lead collector (ethyl sulfur nitrogen and 25g/t sodium sulfite combined)#Black powder combination), 25g/t of foaming agent (terpineol oil), and performing air flotation, wherein a foam product obtained by lead roughing is lead rough concentrate 1, and a product in a tank is lead roughing and secondary feeding.
And (4) rough selection of two: adding 45g/t of ethidium and 25g/t of ethidium to the product in the first rough selection tank#And combining the black powder, aerating, stirring, scraping foam, roughing lead to obtain a foam product of lead rough concentrate 2, and scavenging the feed product in the tank.
4) Tertiary concentration
Selecting one: and (3) merging the concentrate products of the first roughing and the second roughing in the step 2), sending the mixture into a flotation machine, fully stirring, sequentially adding 400g/t lime, 800g/t zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite for combination, performing air flotation to obtain a first-choice foam product, and returning the product in the first-choice cell to the first lead roughing cell.
Selecting two: and (3) feeding the foam product of the first selection into a second selection flotation tank, fully stirring, sequentially adding 200g/t of lime, 400g/t of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite for combination, performing air flotation to obtain a second selection foam product, and returning the product in the first selection tank.
Selecting three: and (4) feeding the foam product of the second concentration into a flotation tank of the second concentration, fully stirring to obtain a final lead concentrate product, and returning the product in the tank to the flotation tank of the second concentration.
5) Twice scavenging
Selecting one by sweeping: after the second rough separation in the step 3), closing the gas filling, and adding 15g/t of ethidium and 25g/t of ethidium#And combining the black medicines, fully stirring, inflating and scraping bubbles to obtain a scavenging first foam product, returning the scavenging first foam product to a roughing second tank, and taking the scavenging second feed product as a product in the tank.
And (2) selecting two: adding 7.5g/t of ethidium and 25g/t of ethidium into the product in the scavenging tank#And combining the black powder, fully stirring, inflating and scraping to obtain a scavenging secondary foam product, returning the scavenging secondary foam product to a scavenging primary tank, wherein the product in the tank is lead flotation tailings.
After the flotation process is carried out for six times and the balance is achieved, the quality and the grade of flotation concentrate and flotation tailings obtained in each test are basically unchanged, and the stabilized concentrate and tailings are sampled and sent to chemical analysis.
The flotation result is shown in table 2, and the test result shows that the lead grade in the flotation lead concentrate is 64.58%, the zinc grade is 5.11%, the silver grade is 1764.33g/t, the lead recovery rate is 89.93%, the zinc loss rate is 6.23% and the silver recovery rate is 82.90%.
TABLE 2 lead flotation closed circuit test results%
Note: units are g/t.
Comparative example 1
This example is a prior art test of flotation of the high sulfur lead zinc ore of example 1, in which the sulfur suppressor lime is currently the most commonly used sulfur suppressor. Compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment has the advantages that the process parameters are adjusted, the test flow and the medicament system are shown in figure 3, and the details are as follows:
step 2) in example 1, adding 8000g/t lime, stirring, and adjusting the pH value of ore pulp to 12;
in the step 3) of the example 1, lead is roughly selected once, and the flotation is carried out on 1500g/t of zinc inhibitor (zinc sulfate and sodium carbonate combination), 80g/t of lead collecting agent (ethidium and ammonium nitrate and black agent combination), 30g/t of pine oil and aeration flotation in the step 2). The foam product obtained by lead roughing is lead rough concentrate, and the product in the tank is scavenging feed ore;
selecting for three times in step 4): selecting one: and (3) merging the concentrate products of the first roughing and the second roughing in the step 2), sending the mixture into a flotation machine, fully stirring, sequentially adding 1000g/t of lime, 800g/t of zinc sulfate and sodium carbonate for combination, performing air flotation and scraping foam to obtain a foam product of the first fine concentration, and returning the product in the tank to a lead roughing tank. Selecting two: and (3) feeding the foam product of the first selection into a flotation tank of the second selection, fully stirring, sequentially adding 500g/t of lime, 400g/t of zinc sulfate and sodium carbonate for combination, performing air flotation and foam scraping to obtain a foam product of the second selection, and returning the product in the tank to the first selection tank. Selecting three: and (4) feeding the foam product of the second concentration into a flotation tank of the second concentration, fully stirring, inflating and scraping to obtain a final lead concentrate product, and returning the product in the tank to the second concentration tank.
Twice scavenging in step 5): selecting one by sweeping: and 3) after the second roughing step is finished, closing the gas filling, adding 30g/t of ethidium and ammonium nitrate black powder combination, fully stirring, filling gas and scraping bubbles to obtain a first scavenging foam product, returning the first scavenging foam product to the roughing tank, and feeding the second scavenging foam product in the tank. And (2) selecting two: adding 15g/t of ethidium and ammonium nitrate black powder combination into the product in the first scavenging tank, fully stirring, inflating and scraping to obtain a second scavenging foam product, and returning the second scavenging foam product into the first scavenging tank, wherein the product in the first scavenging tank is lead flotation tailings.
After the flotation process is carried out for six times and the balance is achieved, the quality and the grade of flotation concentrate and flotation tailings obtained in each test are basically unchanged, and the stabilized concentrate and tailings are sampled and sent to chemical analysis.
The flotation result is shown in table 3, and the test result shows that the lead grade in the flotation lead concentrate is 50.28%, the zinc grade is 4.98%, the silver grade is 1749.21g/t, the lead recovery rate is 83.01%, the zinc loss rate is 8.94% and the silver recovery rate is 73.26%.
TABLE 3 results of lead flotation closed-circuit test under high alkali conditions%
Note: units are g/t.
As can be seen by comparing the flotation results of example 1 and example 2 with the flotation results of prior art example 3: the flotation method disclosed by the invention is combined with the high-efficiency sulfur inhibitor HQ-1, has the characteristic of high separation efficiency in the flotation of galena and pyrite, and basically does not affect the recovery of lead and silver while obtaining high-grade lead concentrate; and the separation of the high-sulfur lead-zinc ore by using the existing flotation method shows the phenomena of low separation efficiency of galena and pyrite by flotation, large lime consumption, sticky foam and serious entrainment, and obtains the test result of slightly low lead grade, high zinc content and low silver recovery rate in lead concentrate. According to the high-sulfur lead-zinc flotation method, the lead collecting agent is added in small quantities in sections, so that the floatability difference between galena and pyrite is obviously expanded, the efficient sulfur inhibitor HQ-1 is added in the lead roughing operation, the inhibition effect on the pyrite is enhanced, the inhibition effect on the galena is weaker, and the efficient flotation separation of the galena and the pyrite under the low-alkali condition is realized. In addition, the high-sulfur inhibitor adopted in the invention has low cost, is green and environment-friendly and is convenient to purchase. Therefore, the invention provides an economic and feasible method for sorting the high-sulfur lead-zinc ore.
Claims (6)
1. A beneficiation method for high-sulfur lead-zinc ore comprises the following steps:
1) grinding: crushing raw ore, and performing wet ball milling to obtain ore pulp;
2) flotation: after lime is used for size mixing, sequentially adding a sulfur inhibitor HQ-1, a zinc inhibitor, a lead collecting agent and a foaming agent, and performing flotation separation on the ore pulp to obtain high-quality lead concentrate;
in the step 2), the active components of the sulfur inhibitor HQ-1 comprise thioglycolic acid, sodium lignosulphonate and dextrin; the sulfur inhibitor HQ-1 is an aqueous solution of an active component, the mass concentration of a thioglycolic acid aqueous solution is 1.0-2.0%, the mass concentration of a sodium lignosulfonate aqueous solution is 0.5-1.0%, and the mass concentration of a dextrin aqueous solution is 0.25-0.5%; wherein: the adding mass ratio of the thioglycolic acid aqueous solution to the sodium lignosulphonate aqueous solution to the dextrin aqueous solution is 2-3: 1.
2. The beneficiation method for high-sulfur lead-zinc ore according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the grinding fineness is-74 μm and accounts for 60% -85%.
3. The beneficiation method for the high-sulfur lead-zinc ore according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), lime is added to adjust the pH value of the ore pulp to be 9-10, and the foaming agent is pine oil.
4. The beneficiation method for the high-sulfur lead-zinc ore according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the active components of the zinc inhibitor comprise zinc sulfate and sodium carbonate; the active components of the lead collecting agent comprise ethidium nitrate and ammonium-butyl black powder.
5. The beneficiation method for the high-sulfur lead-zinc ore according to claim 4, wherein the zinc inhibitor is an aqueous solution of active components, and the zinc inhibitor is prepared by adding 3-5% by mass of an aqueous solution of zinc sulfate and 3-5% by mass of an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate in a mass ratio of 1-3: 1; the lead collecting agent is an aqueous solution of active components, the mass concentration of the ethyl-sulfur-nitrogen aqueous solution is 0.5-1%, the mass concentration of the ammonium nitrate-black chemical aqueous solution is 0.5-1%, and the mass ratio of the ethyl-sulfur-nitrogen aqueous solution to the ammonium nitrate-black chemical aqueous solution is 2-3: 1.
6. The beneficiation method for high-sulfur lead-zinc ore according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the flotation process is secondary roughing, secondary scavenging and tertiary refining, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) adding 3000-4000 g/t lime into the ore pulp subjected to wet ball milling of the raw ore, adjusting the pH of the ore pulp to 9-10, and stirring; adding 100-300 g/t of HQ-1, and stirring for 2-3 minutes; adding 1000-1500 g/t of zinc inhibitor, and stirring for 2-3 minutes; adding 40-60 g/t of lead collecting agent, and stirring for 2-3 minutes; adding 20-30 g/t of pine oil, and stirring for 0.5-1 min; scraping and soaking for 3-3.5 minutes after fully stirring to obtain a lead roughing concentrate product, wherein the product in the tank is a feed of lead roughing II; after finishing lead roughing, continuously adding 35-45 g/t of lead collecting agent into the product in the tank, stirring for 2-3 minutes, carrying out air stirring, scraping for 1-1.5 minutes, and carrying out lead roughing II to obtain a lead roughing II concentrate product, wherein the product in the tank is scavenging feed;
2) the three times of concentration are as follows: combining the lead roughing first concentrate product and the lead roughing second concentrate product, sending the mixture into a concentration flotation machine, fully stirring, adding 300-500 g/t lime, stirring for 2-3 minutes, adding 400-600 g/t zinc inhibitor, stirring for 2-3 minutes, performing air flotation, scraping bubbles for 2-2.5 minutes to obtain a first concentration foam product, and returning the product in the first roughing tank; feeding the foam product of the first concentration into a second concentration flotation machine, fully stirring, adding 150-300 g/t lime, stirring for 2-3 minutes, adding 200-300 g/t zinc inhibitor, stirring for 2-3 minutes, carrying out air stirring, and scraping for 1-1.5 minutes to obtain a second foam product of the concentrate, wherein the product in the first concentration tank returns to the first concentration tank; feeding the second-choice foam product into a third-choice flotation machine, fully stirring, scraping and soaking for 1-1.25 to obtain a final high-quality lead concentrate product, and returning the product in the tank to the second-choice tank;
3) the two times of scavenging are as follows: after the second lead roughing step is finished, closing aeration, adding 10-20 g/t of lead collecting agent, stirring for 2-3 minutes, aerating and floating, scraping bubbles for 0.5-1 minute for first scavenging, and after full stirring, beginning aeration and scraping bubbles to obtain a foam product of the first scavenging step and returning the foam product to the second roughing step; and continuously adding 5-10 g/t of lead collecting agent into the product in the tank, stirring for 2-3 minutes, performing air flotation, scraping bubbles for 0.25-0.5 minutes, performing scavenging for the second time to obtain a scavenged secondary foam product, returning the scavenged secondary foam product to the scavenging primary tank, and obtaining the product in the tank, namely the lead flotation tailings.
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| CN112371350A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-19 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Inhibitor for lime-free lead-sulfur beneficiation, lime-free lead-sulfur beneficiation method and application |
| CN113233426A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-08-10 | 江苏北矿金属循环利用科技有限公司 | Method for recovering sulfur from zinc oxygen pressure leaching high-sulfur slag |
| CN114029170B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2024-01-30 | 水口山有色金属有限责任公司 | Flotation method for improving recovery value of gold and silver from lead zinc gold and silver ore |
| CN115155820A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-10-11 | 中南大学 | Method for strengthening zinc-sulfur separation flotation |
| CN115870099B (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2024-06-14 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for recycling zinc from micro-fine zinc-containing high-sulfur tailings |
| CN117861861B (en) * | 2024-03-12 | 2024-05-31 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Flotation separation method of zinc mineral inhibitor and lead-zinc mixed concentrate |
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