CN111710468B - Flame-retardant photoelectric hybrid cable of coaxial electric unit and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Flame-retardant photoelectric hybrid cable of coaxial electric unit and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111710468B CN111710468B CN202010600703.3A CN202010600703A CN111710468B CN 111710468 B CN111710468 B CN 111710468B CN 202010600703 A CN202010600703 A CN 202010600703A CN 111710468 B CN111710468 B CN 111710468B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/22—Cables including at least one electrical conductor together with optical fibres
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
- G02B6/4432—Protective covering with fibre reinforcements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
- H01B13/24—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by extrusion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
- H01B3/421—Polyesters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/0045—Cable-harnesses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/1875—Multi-layer sheaths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
- H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
- H01B7/2825—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable using a water impermeable sheath
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
Abstract
The invention discloses a flame-retardant photoelectric hybrid cable of a coaxial electric unit, which comprises an optical cable unit, a cable unit and an outer protective sleeve, wherein the optical cable unit is arranged on the outer protective sleeve; the optical cable unit comprises an optical cable core and a reinforcing structural member; the reinforcing structural part comprises fixing blocks, and triangular grooves with supporting pieces are formed in the positions where the fixing blocks are mutually contacted; the support sheet is abutted against the elastic protective sleeve; the optical cable unit and the cable unit form a mixed cable core in a layer-stranding mode; the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the flame-retardant photoelectric hybrid cable of the coaxial electric unit, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing an optical cable unit; s2, preparing a coaxial cable unit; s3, preparing a data cable unit; s4, preparing a cable unit; s5, preparing a mixed optical cable product; the invention has the beneficial effects that: the optical cable unit and the cable unit are utilized to realize multi-signal transmission and high mechanical strength; the high mechanical strength is realized by using the cable shielding layer and the cable core; multi-signal transmission is realized through the non-moisture-absorption protective layer; through each protective sheath, realize high mechanical strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cable preparation, in particular to a flame-retardant photoelectric hybrid cable of a coaxial electric unit and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of modern networks, basic life consumption and entertainment can be paid and obtained through the networks, so that the network construction is also in the quest; the photoelectric hybrid cable is used as a main transmission line of network transmission, potential safety hazards of the photoelectric hybrid cable are serious along with the increase of the net distribution density in the construction of the networks, and meanwhile, the risk of abrasion of the cable skin and breakage of an internal structure are improved due to the increase of the net distribution density.
The main components of the protective sleeve or the shielding layer of the cable are high molecular polymers which are generally inflammable, and the fire hazard of fire is great, so that the fire retardation problem of plastics is emphasized by people. With the development of modern science and technology and the improvement of the living standard of people, higher requirements are put forward on the safety, environmental protection and service life of wire and cable products; the application technology of the domestic high polymer material and the synthetic resin and the blending modification technology thereof are developed faster in the later 90 th in the 20 th century, the cable industry is actively promoted to enter a new material application era, the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant material is a novel variety appearing in recent years, the performance of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant material meets the specification of IEC92-359 standards on thermoplastic materials, and the produced low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant injection molding material is widely applied to public places where people are concentrated, such as electromechanics, subways, high-rise buildings and the like; however, most of the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant injection molding materials have poor mechanical strength, so that how to obtain the photoelectric hybrid cable with high mechanical strength is very important.
The existing photoelectric hybrid cable is suitable for being used as a transmission line in a broadband access network system, is a novel access mode, integrates optical fibers and transmission copper wires, can solve the problems of broadband access, equipment power consumption and signal transmission, but cannot transmit a plurality of signal sources due to single signal source requirement, and thus cannot meet the increasing signal transmission requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a flame-retardant photoelectric hybrid cable of a coaxial electric unit and a manufacturing method thereof, so as to at least achieve the aims of high mechanical strength and multi-signal transmission
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a flame-retardant photoelectric hybrid cable of a coaxial electric unit comprises an optical cable unit, a cable unit and an outer protective sleeve;
the optical cable unit comprises an optical cable core and a reinforcing structural member for fixing the optical cable core; the reinforcing structural part consists of two fixed blocks with the same specification, triangular grooves symmetrically arranged by the axis of the fixed blocks are formed at the mutual contact positions of the two fixed blocks, and supporting sheets are arranged in the triangular grooves; the optical cable core is arranged in the fixing block in a penetrating way; the periphery of the optical cable unit is provided with an elastic protective sleeve; the support sheet is abutted against the elastic protective sleeve;
the cable unit comprises a coaxial cable unit and a data cable unit; the data cable unit is connected with the coaxial cable unit in parallel;
the optical cable unit and the cable unit form a mixed cable core of the photoelectric mixed cable in a layer-stranding mode; and an outer protective sleeve is arranged on the periphery of the mixed cable core.
Preferably, in order to further achieve the purpose of high strength, the coaxial cable unit includes a cable core, a cable shielding layer and a cable protecting sleeve; the cable core is wrapped with a cable shielding layer, and the cable shielding layer is wrapped with a cable protective sleeve; the cable core is a copper wire with a chromium coating; the cable shielding layer is an armored shielding layer formed by weaving aluminum-plastic fibers and copper wires into a net; utilize the cable core of the cable shielding layer that plastic-aluminum fiber and copper wire woven into the net formation and the copper line of chromium-plated layer, thereby make coaxial cable unit's signal transmission stage separate with optical cable unit's signal transmission stage, can not cause signal interference, chromium-plated layer's copper line signal intensity is big and the pliability is good simultaneously, and plastic-aluminum fiber and copper wire then can fully absorb the electromagnetic wave of loss and provide higher pliability, and then realize subduing under the condition of signal interference, make coaxial cable unit pliability high, thereby realize the purpose of whole mixed optical cable's high mechanical strength.
Preferably, for the purpose of further realizing multi-signal transmission, the data cable unit comprises a wire pair, a non-hygroscopic protective layer and a data protective sleeve; the wire pairs are formed by mutually winding and hinging a plurality of wires; the periphery of the wire is covered with a non-hygroscopic protective layer, and the outer layer of the non-hygroscopic protective layer is covered with the data protective sleeve; the raw materials of the non-moisture-absorption protective layer comprise 20-30 parts of organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion, 40-50 parts of soft polyurethane and 15-30 parts of polyethylene oxide; the non-moisture-absorption protective layer is prepared from organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion, soft polyurethane and polyethylene oxide, so that a cross-linking structure is formed between the organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion and the soft polyurethane by using the chemical medium resistance and the water resistance of the organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion and assisting the heat insulation performance of the soft polyurethane, and the polyethylene oxide can form a cross-linking structure with the organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion and the soft polyurethane by using the self bonding characteristic and the copolymerization characteristic, so that the hydrophobic effect is achieved, the bearing capacity of a conductor pair can be greatly improved, the flame retardant effect is achieved, and the purpose of multi-signal safe transmission is achieved.
Preferably, in order to further achieve the purpose of high mechanical strength, the protective sheath material of the elastic protective sheath, the cable protective sheath, the data protective sheath or the outer protective sheath includes: 20-30 parts of ethylene-acetic acid copolymer, 30-40 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin, 5-10 parts of silicone master batch, 10-15 parts of triphenyl phosphite and 10-20 parts of almond oil; by using the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the melamine formaldehyde resin, the silicone master batch and the triphenyl phosphite to form each low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant protective sleeve, thereby utilizing the characteristics of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, such as high rubber elasticity, low tensile strength and high elongation, the performance characteristics of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, such as bonding strength with the melamine formaldehyde resin, good electrical insulation, good mechanical property and low-temperature curing, the characteristics of the silicone master batch, such as flame retardance, smoke density reduction, impact strength improvement and flame resistance of the triphenyl phosphite, the crosslinked layer formed by crosslinking the melamine formaldehyde resin and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is utilized, and the silicone master batch is used as a lubricant, so that the triphenyl phosphite can fully enter the crosslinked layer, the material characteristics and the mechanical property of the crosslinked layer are utilized, and the halogen-free elements and low smoke of the protective sleeve are realized, meanwhile, oleic acid and linoleic acid in the almond oil can improve the oxidation resistance of the protective sleeve and accelerate the uniform fusion of the silicone master batch, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the mechanical strength of each protective sleeve.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the flame-retardant photoelectric hybrid cable of the coaxial electric unit, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the fixed optical cable core of the optical cable unit is arranged in the fixed block of the reinforced structural member in a penetrating way, the polytetrafluoroethylene layer is coated on the surface of the fixed block, after the polytetrafluoroethylene layer is stabilized, the elastic protective sleeve is obtained on the periphery of the polytetrafluoroethylene layer through thermoplastic extrusion according to the raw material of the protective sleeve, and the complete optical cable unit is formed;
s2, coating a polyethylene layer on the copper wire of the chromium coating to form a cable core, meanwhile, weaving or sleeving the raw material of the cable shielding layer of the cable unit to form an armored shielding layer, and performing thermoplastic extrusion on the shielding layer according to the raw material of the protective sleeve to form a cable protective sleeve on the shielding layer 212 to form a coaxial cable unit;
s3, mutually winding a plurality of wires in the data electric unit to form a wire pair, performing thermoplastic extrusion on the periphery of the wire pair according to the raw materials of the non-hygroscopic protective layer to form the non-hygroscopic protective layer on the surface of the wire, and performing thermoplastic extrusion on the surface of the formed non-hygroscopic protective layer according to the raw materials of the protective sleeve to form a data protective sleeve on the surface of the non-hygroscopic protective layer so as to form a data cable unit;
s4, bonding the cable protective sleeve of the coaxial cable unit obtained in the step S2 and the data protective sleeve of the data cable unit obtained in the step 4 through hot melt of polytetrafluoroethylene, and cooling at 4 ℃ to form a cable unit;
s5, winding the cable unit obtained in the step S4 and the optical cable unit obtained in the step S1 in a layer twisting mode to form an integrated mixed cable core with an 8-shaped structure, and performing thermoplastic extrusion on the periphery of the mixed cable core according to the raw materials of the protective sleeve to obtain an outer protective sleeve to form a mixed optical cable product.
Preferably, in order to further achieve the purpose of high mechanical strength, the thermoplastic extrusion is to melt the raw materials of the protective sleeves comprising the alkene-acetic acid copolymer, the melamine formaldehyde resin, the silicone master batch, the triphenyl phosphite and the almond oil into liquid by heat at the temperature of 200-300 ℃, extrude the liquid to cover the corresponding structures by an extruder, and cool the liquid at the temperature of 5 ℃ to form each protective sleeve or a layered structure; by adopting a thermoplastic extrusion mode, the layers of the protective sleeves or the hierarchical structures are uniform, so that the mechanical strength of the protective sleeves or the hierarchical structures is improved, and the aim of high mechanical strength is fulfilled.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. utilize the optical cable unit including the optical cable core and the additional strengthening structure of fixed optical cable core, and its setting including the fixed block, the triangle recess, the additional strengthening structure of backing sheet, improve the holistic mechanical strength of optical cable unit, utilize the cable unit including coaxial cable unit and data cable unit simultaneously, and the mode of cable unit and optical cable unit layer hinge, the mixed cable of photoelectricity of formation, not only utilize to realize respectively transmitting between coaxial cable unit and the data cable unit, utilized additional strengthening structure to increase the holistic mechanical strength of optical cable unit simultaneously, the mode of recycling layer hinge makes the direct physical connection of cable unit and optical cable unit together, strengthen the mechanical strength of whole mixed cable of photoelectricity, thereby can strengthen its mechanical strength's purpose when reaching realization multiple signal transmission.
2. Utilize the cable core of the cable shielding layer that plastic-aluminum fiber and copper wire woven into the net formation and the copper line of chromium-plated layer, thereby make coaxial cable unit's signal transmission stage separate with optical cable unit's signal transmission stage, can not cause signal interference, chromium-plated layer's copper line signal intensity is big and the pliability is good simultaneously, and plastic-aluminum fiber and copper wire then can fully absorb the electromagnetic wave of loss and provide higher pliability, and then realize subduing under the condition of signal interference, make coaxial cable unit pliability high, thereby realize the purpose of whole mixed optical cable's high mechanical strength.
3. The non-moisture-absorption protective layer is prepared from organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion, soft polyurethane and polyethylene oxide, so that a cross-linking structure is formed between the organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion and the soft polyurethane by using the chemical medium resistance and the water resistance of the organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion and assisting the heat insulation performance of the soft polyurethane, and the polyethylene oxide can form a cross-linking structure with the organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion and the soft polyurethane by using the self bonding characteristic and the copolymerization characteristic, so that the hydrophobic effect is achieved, the bearing capacity of a conductor pair can be greatly improved, the flame retardant effect is achieved, and the purpose of multi-signal safe transmission is achieved.
4. By using the ethylene-acetic acid copolymer, the melamine formaldehyde resin, the silicone master batch and the triphenyl phosphite to form each low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant protective sleeve, thereby utilizing the characteristics of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, such as high rubber elasticity, low tensile strength and high elongation, the performance characteristics of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, such as bonding strength with the melamine formaldehyde resin, good electrical insulation, good mechanical property and low-temperature curing, the characteristics of the silicone master batch, such as flame retardance, smoke density reduction, impact strength improvement and flame retardance resistance of the triphenyl phosphite, utilizing the crosslinked layer formed by crosslinking the melamine formaldehyde resin and the ethylene-acetic acid copolymer, and taking the silicone master batch as a lubricant, so that the triphenyl phosphite can fully enter the crosslinked layer, thereby utilizing the characteristics of the material and the mechanical property of the crosslinked layer, therefore, halogen-free elements and low smoke of the protective sleeve are achieved, meanwhile, the oleic acid and the linoleic acid in the almond oil can improve the oxidation resistance of the protective sleeve, and the silicone master batch can be accelerated to be uniformly fused, so that the aim of improving the mechanical strength of each protective sleeve is achieved.
5. By adopting a thermoplastic extrusion mode, the layers of the protective sleeves or the hierarchical structures are uniform, so that the mechanical strength of the protective sleeves or the hierarchical structures is improved, and the aim of high mechanical strength is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid optical cable of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a conventional coaxial type photoelectric hybrid cable;
in the figure, 1-cable unit, 11-cable core, 12-strength structure, 13-elastic protective sheath, 121-anchor, 122-triangular groove, 123-support sheet, 2-cable unit, 21-coaxial cable unit, 211-cable core, 212-cable shield, 213-cable protective sheath, 22-data cable unit, 221-wire pair, 222-non-hygroscopic protective layer, 223-data protective sheath 223, 3-hybrid cable core, 4-outer protective sheath;
(1) -a filler cord, (2) -a central strength member, (3) -a central strength member bedding layer, (4) -a feeder line, (5) -a water blocking material within the cable, (6) -a tape and binder, an inner bedding layer and a non-metallic auxiliary strength member, (7) -a wire pair for communication, (8) -a moisture barrier layer, (9) -a tear cord, (10) a loose tube containing optical fibers or other light units, (11) -a jacket, (12) -an outer jacket.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
As shown in fig. 1, a flame-retardant hybrid optical-electrical cable for coaxial electrical units comprises an optical cable unit 1, an electrical cable unit 2 and an outer protective sheath 4;
the optical cable unit 1 comprises an optical cable core 11 and a reinforcing structural member 12 for fixing the optical cable core 11; the reinforcing structure 12 is composed of two fixing blocks 121 with the same specification, triangular grooves 122 symmetrically arranged with the axis of the fixing blocks 121 are formed at the mutual contact position of the two fixing blocks 121, and supporting pieces 123 are arranged in the triangular grooves 122; the optical cable core 11 is arranged in the fixing block 121 in a penetrating manner; the periphery of the optical cable unit 1 is provided with an elastic protective sleeve 13; the support sheet 123 abuts against the elastic protection sleeve 13;
the cable unit 2 comprises a coaxial cable unit 21 and a data cable unit 22; the data cable unit 22 is connected with the coaxial cable unit 21 in parallel;
the optical cable unit 1 and the cable unit 2 form a mixed cable core 3 of the photoelectric mixed cable in a layer-stranding mode; and an outer protective sleeve 4 is arranged on the periphery of the mixed cable core 3.
In order to further achieve the purpose of high strength, the coaxial cable unit 21 includes a cable core 211, a cable shielding layer 212, and a cable protecting sleeve 213; the outer side of the cable core 211 is wrapped with a cable shielding layer 212, and the outer side of the cable shielding layer 212 is wrapped with a cable protective sleeve 213; the cable core 211 is a copper wire with a chromium coating; the cable shielding layer 212 is an armored shielding layer formed by weaving aluminum-plastic fibers and copper wires into a net; utilize plastic-aluminum fiber and copper wire to weave the cable shield 212 that the net formed and the cable core 211 of the copper line of chromium-plated layer, thereby make coaxial cable unit 21's signal transmission stage separate with optical cable unit 1's signal transmission stage, can not cause signal interference, chromium-plated layer's copper line signal strength is big and the pliability is good simultaneously, and plastic-aluminum fiber and copper wire then can fully absorb the electromagnetic wave of loss and provide higher pliability, and then realize under the condition that subducts signal interference, make coaxial cable unit 21 pliability high, thereby realize the purpose of whole mixed optical cable's high mechanical strength.
For the purpose of further realizing multi-signal transmission, the data cable unit 22 includes a wire pair 221, a non-moisture-absorption protective layer 222, and a data protective sleeve 223; the wire pair 221 is formed by mutually winding and hinging a plurality of wires; the periphery of the wire pair 221 is coated with a non-hygroscopic protective layer 222, and the outer layer of the non-hygroscopic protective layer 222 is covered with the data protective sleeve 223; the raw materials of the non-hygroscopic protective layer 222 comprise 26 parts of organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion, 46 parts of soft polyurethane and 28 parts of polyethylene oxide; the non-moisture-absorption protective layer 222 is prepared from organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion, soft polyurethane and polyethylene oxide, so that a cross-linking structure is formed between the organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion and the soft polyurethane by using the chemical medium resistance and the water resistance of the organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion and assisting the heat insulation performance of the soft polyurethane, and the polyethylene oxide can form a cross-linking structure with the organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion and the soft polyurethane by using the self bonding characteristic and the copolymerization characteristic, so that the hydrophobic effect is achieved, the pressure bearing capacity of the wire pair 221 can be greatly improved, the flame retardant effect is achieved, and the purpose of multi-signal safe transmission is achieved.
In order to further achieve the purpose of high mechanical strength, the protective sheath raw materials of the elastic protective sheath 13, the cable protective sheath 213, the data protective sheath 223 and the outer protective sheath 4 include: 26 parts of ethylene-acetic acid copolymer, 34 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin, 7 parts of silicone master batch, 8 parts of triphenyl phosphite and 15 parts of almond oil; by using the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the melamine formaldehyde resin, the silicone master batch and the triphenyl phosphite to form each low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant protective sleeve, thereby utilizing the characteristics of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, such as high rubber elasticity, low tensile strength and high elongation, the performance characteristics of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, such as bonding strength with the melamine formaldehyde resin, good electrical insulation, good mechanical property and low-temperature curing, the characteristics of the silicone master batch, such as flame retardance, smoke density reduction, impact strength improvement and flame resistance of the triphenyl phosphite, the crosslinked layer formed by crosslinking the melamine formaldehyde resin and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is utilized, and the silicone master batch is used as a lubricant, so that the triphenyl phosphite can fully enter the crosslinked layer, the material characteristics and the mechanical property of the crosslinked layer are utilized, and the halogen-free elements and low smoke of the protective sleeve are realized, meanwhile, oleic acid and linoleic acid in the almond oil can improve the oxidation resistance of the protective sleeve and accelerate the uniform fusion of the silicone master batch, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the mechanical strength of each protective sleeve.
A method for manufacturing a flame-retardant photoelectric hybrid cable of a coaxial electric unit comprises the following steps:
s1, the fixed optical cable core 11 of the optical cable unit 1 is arranged in the fixed block 12 of the reinforced structural member 12 in a penetrating mode, a polytetrafluoroethylene layer is coated on the surface of the fixed block, after the polytetrafluoroethylene layer is stabilized, the elastic protective sleeve 13 is obtained on the periphery of the polytetrafluoroethylene layer through thermoplastic extrusion according to the raw materials of the protective sleeve, and the complete optical cable unit 1 is formed;
s2, coating a polyethylene layer on the copper wire with the chromium coating layer to form a cable core 211, meanwhile, weaving or sleeving the raw material of the cable shielding layer 21 of the cable unit 2 to form an armor shielding layer, and performing thermoplastic extrusion on the shielding layer 212 according to the raw material of a protective sleeve to form a cable protective sleeve 213 on the shielding layer 212 to form the coaxial cable unit 21;
s3, mutually winding a plurality of wires in the data electric unit 22 into a wire pair 221, performing thermoplastic extrusion on the periphery of the wire pair 221 according to the raw material of the non-hygroscopic protective layer 222, forming the non-hygroscopic protective layer 222 on the surface of the wire pair 221, and forming a data protective sleeve 223 on the surface of the formed non-hygroscopic protective layer 22 according to the protective sleeve raw material and the surface of the non-hygroscopic protective layer 222 through a thermoplastic extrusion mode, thereby forming the data cable unit 22;
s4 bonding the cable sheath 213 of the coaxial cable unit 21 obtained in step S2 and the data sheath 223 of the data cable unit 22 obtained in step 4 with a hot melt of polytetrafluoroethylene, and cooling the bonded cable at 4 ℃ to form a cable unit 2;
s5, winding the cable unit 2 obtained in the step S4 and the optical cable unit 1 obtained in the step S1 in a layer twisting mode to form an integrated mixed cable core 3 with an 8-shaped structure, and performing thermoplastic extrusion on the periphery of the mixed cable core 3 according to the raw material of the protective sleeve to obtain an outer protective sleeve 4 to form a mixed optical cable product.
In order to further realize the purpose of high mechanical strength, the thermoplastic extrusion is that protective sleeve raw materials comprising alkene-acetic acid copolymer, melamine formaldehyde resin, silicone master batch, triphenyl phosphite and almond oil are hot-melted into liquid at 270 ℃, extruded by an extruder to cover the corresponding structure, and cooled by flowing water at 5 ℃ to form each protective sleeve or a layered structure; by adopting a thermoplastic extrusion mode, the layers of the protective sleeves or the hierarchical structures are uniform, so that the mechanical strength of the protective sleeves or the hierarchical structures is improved, and the aim of high mechanical strength is fulfilled.
Example 2
The raw materials of the non-hygroscopic protective layer 222 are changed into 20 parts of organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion, 40 parts of soft polyurethane and 15 parts of polyethylene oxide; meanwhile, the raw materials of the protective sleeve comprise 20 parts of ethylene-acetic acid copolymer, 30 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin, 5 parts of silicone master batch, 10 parts of triphenyl phosphite and 10 parts of almond oil; the remaining formulation, procedure and equipment design were the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The raw materials of the non-hygroscopic protective layer 222 are changed into 20 parts of organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion, 40 parts of soft polyurethane and 15 parts of polyethylene oxide; meanwhile, the raw materials of the protective sleeve comprise 30 parts of ethylene-acetic acid copolymer, 40 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin, 10 parts of silicone master batch, 15 parts of triphenyl phosphite and 20 parts of almond oil; the remaining formulation, procedure and equipment design were the same as in example 1.
Example 4
The raw materials of the non-hygroscopic protective layer 222 are changed into 30 parts of organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion, 50 parts of soft polyurethane and 30 parts of polyethylene oxide; meanwhile, the raw materials of the protective sleeve comprise 20 parts of ethylene-acetic acid copolymer, 30 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin, 5 parts of silicone master batch, 10 parts of triphenyl phosphite and 10 parts of almond oil; the remaining formulation, procedure and equipment design were the same as in example 1.
Example 5
The raw materials of the non-hygroscopic protective layer 222 are changed into 30 parts of organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion, 50 parts of soft polyurethane and 30 parts of polyethylene oxide; meanwhile, the raw materials of the protective sleeve comprise 30 parts of ethylene-acetic acid copolymer, 40 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin, 10 parts of silicone master batch, 15 parts of triphenyl phosphite and 20 parts of almond oil; the remaining formulation, procedure and equipment design were the same as in example 1.
Example 6
The thermoplastic extrusion conditions were corrected to 200 ℃ and the remaining formulation, procedure and apparatus design were the same as in example 1.
Example 7
The thermoplastic extrusion conditions were corrected to 300 ℃ and the remaining formulation, steps and apparatus were designed as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
Each protective sleeve was made of polyethylene, and the remaining formulation, procedure and equipment were designed as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The non-hygroscopic protective layer 222 was used as a moisture-resistant layer using an aluminum tape, and the remaining formulation, procedure and apparatus were designed as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The cable protection sheath 213 of the coaxial cable unit 21 and the data protection sheath 223 of the data cable unit 22 are fixed by hot melt adhesive, and the rest of the formulation, steps and device design are the same as those of embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4
The cable shield 212 is woven from a copper wire mesh, and the remaining formulation, procedure and equipment are designed as in example 1.
Comparative example 5
The thickness of the protective sheath or the layered structure and the diameter of the entire hybrid cable were the same as those prepared in example 1, using a conventional coaxial hybrid cable as shown in fig. 2.
Collecting the drop cables of each example and comparative example, mechanical property tests of a tensile test, a flattening test, an impact test, a repeated bending test, a torsion test, a winding test and a sheath abrasion test were carried out according to the method of G B/T7424.2-2008; measuring the absolute value of the attenuation variation of the optical fiber at the wavelength of 1550nm and the strain magnitude according to the specification of YD/T629.1, and simultaneously visually observing whether the protective sleeve is cracked or not; according to the collection of each example and each comparative example, a cable sample is taken for 3m, the end of the cable sample is carefully treated to be round, then l m high water columns are applied to one end of the cable sample according to a method F5B in GB/T7424.2-2008, visual observation is carried out after 24h, whether water flows overflow from the end face of the other end of the cable sample except for a communication metal wire pair or (and) a feeder wire, meanwhile, a flame retardant performance experiment is carried out according to a method specified in GB/T18380.12-2008, the ratio of the combustion distance to the whole length of the photoelectric hybrid cable is counted, and table 1 is obtained.
TABLE 1 Table of the amounts of attenuation change, strain force, jacket profile, water resistance and flame retardancy of the optical fibers of each example and comparative example
As shown in table 1, when the structure of the optical-electrical hybrid cable of the present invention is adopted, and the non-moisture-absorption protective layer 222 formed by 26 parts of silicone-modified polyacrylate emulsion, 46 parts of soft polyurethane, and 28 parts of polyethylene oxide is used as a protective cover raw material, which includes 26 parts of ethylene-acetic acid copolymer, 34 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin, 7 parts of silicone master batch, 8 parts of triphenyl phosphite, and 15 parts of almond oil, and is subjected to thermoplastic extrusion at 270 ℃, the cable protective cover 213 and the data protective cover 223 are bonded by using a polytetrafluoroethylene hot melt, the cable shielding layer 212 is woven by using aluminum-plastic fibers and copper wires to form a net, the absolute value of the attenuation variation of the optical fiber of the formed hybrid optical cable is 0.01dB, the strain is 8 ‰, and the protective cover has no cracking in a mechanical performance test and no water flow overflow in a water resistance test, the combustion distance accounts for 0.5% of the overall length of the optical-electrical hybrid cable, the invention proves the excellent flame retardant property and mechanical property on the premise of realizing multi-signal transmission, namely the superiority of the invention.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a fire-retardant photoelectricity of coaxial electrical unit mixes cable which characterized in that: comprises an optical cable unit (1), an electric cable unit (2) and an outer protective sleeve (4);
the optical cable unit (1) comprises an optical cable core (11) and a reinforcing structural member (12) for fixing the optical cable core (11); the reinforcing structure (12) consists of two fixing blocks (121) with the same specification, triangular grooves (122) symmetrically arranged by the axial lead of the fixing blocks (121) are formed at the mutual contact positions of the two fixing blocks (121), and supporting sheets (123) are arranged in the triangular grooves (122); the optical cable core (11) is arranged in the fixing block (121) in a penetrating mode; the periphery of the optical cable unit (1) is provided with an elastic protective sleeve (13); the support sheet (123) is abutted against the elastic protective sleeve (13);
the cable unit (2) comprises a coaxial cable unit (21) and a data cable unit (22); the data cable unit (22) is connected with the coaxial cable unit (21) in parallel;
the coaxial cable unit (21) comprises a cable core (211), a cable shielding layer (212) and a cable protective sleeve (213); the cable core (211) is wrapped with a cable shielding layer (212), and the cable shielding layer (212) is wrapped with a cable protective sleeve (213);
the optical cable unit (1) and the cable unit (2) form a mixed cable core (3) of the photoelectric mixed cable in a layer-stranding mode; an outer protective sleeve (4) is arranged at the periphery of the mixed cable core (3);
the data cable unit (22) comprises a wire pair (221), a non-hygroscopic protective layer (222) and a data protective sleeve (223); the wire pairs (221) are twisted and articulated with each other by a plurality of wires; the periphery of the wire pair (221) is coated with a non-hygroscopic protective layer (222), and the outer layer of the non-hygroscopic protective layer (222) is covered with the data protective sleeve (223);
the raw materials of the non-moisture-absorption protective layer (222) comprise 20-30 parts of organic silicon modified polyacrylate emulsion, 40-50 parts of soft polyurethane and 15-30 parts of polyethylene oxide;
the protective sheath raw materials of elastic protective sheath (13), cable protective sheath (213), data protective sheath (223) or outer protective sheath (4) include: 20-30 parts of ethylene-acetic acid copolymer, 30-40 parts of melamine formaldehyde resin, 5-10 parts of silicone master batch, 10-15 parts of triphenyl phosphite and 10-20 parts of almond oil.
2. The hybrid cable of claim 1, wherein: the cable core (211) is a copper wire with a chromium coating.
3. The hybrid cable of claim 1, wherein: the cable shielding layer (212) is an armored shielding layer formed by weaving aluminum-plastic fibers and copper wires into a net.
4. A method for manufacturing a flame-retardant photoelectric hybrid cable of a coaxial electric unit is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, the fixed optical cable core (11) in claim 1 is arranged in a fixed block (121) of a reinforced structural member (12) in a penetrating way, a polytetrafluoroethylene layer is coated on the surface of the fixed optical cable core, after the polytetrafluoroethylene layer is stabilized, the raw materials in claim 1 are subjected to thermoplastic extrusion to obtain the elastic protective sleeve (13) on the periphery of the polytetrafluoroethylene layer, and a complete optical cable unit (1) is formed;
s2 according to claims 1, 2 and 3, coating a polyethylene layer on the copper wire with a chromium coating layer to form a cable core (211), forming an armor shielding layer by weaving or sleeving the raw material of the cable shielding layer (212) according to claim 3, and forming a cable protective sleeve (213) on the shielding layer (212) according to the raw material of claim 1 on the shielding layer (212) by thermoplastic extrusion to form a coaxial cable unit (21);
s3, winding a plurality of wires in claim 1 into a wire pair (221), forming a non-hygroscopic protective layer (222) on the surface of the wire pair (221) by thermoplastic extrusion of the raw material according to claim 1 on the periphery of the wire pair (221), forming a data protective sleeve (223) on the surface of the non-hygroscopic protective layer (222) by thermoplastic extrusion of the raw material according to claim 1 on the surface of the non-hygroscopic protective layer (222) to form a data cable unit (22);
s4, adhering the cable protection sleeve (213) of the coaxial cable unit (21) obtained in the step S2 and the data protection sleeve (223) of the data cable unit (22) obtained in the step S3 through hot melt of polytetrafluoroethylene, and cooling at 4 ℃ to form a cable unit (2);
s5, winding the cable unit (2) obtained in the step S4 and the optical cable unit (1) obtained in the step S1 in a layer twisting mode to form an integrated mixed cable core (3) with an 8-shaped structure, and performing thermoplastic extrusion on the raw materials according to claim 1 at the periphery of the mixed cable core (3) to obtain an outer protective sleeve (4) to form a mixed optical cable product.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the thermoplastic extrusion is that protective sleeve raw materials comprising alkene-acetic acid copolymer, melamine formaldehyde resin, silicone master batch, triphenyl phosphite and almond oil are hot melted into liquid at the temperature of 200-300 ℃, and are extruded by an extruder to cover the corresponding structure, and the protective sleeve or the hierarchical structure is formed by cooling water at the temperature of 5 ℃.
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| CN113093355B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-04-15 | 四川天邑康和通信股份有限公司 | Double-side-by-side structure butterfly optical cable photoelectric hybrid cable and preparation method thereof |
| CN113838613A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-24 | 通鼎互联信息股份有限公司 | Integrated hybrid cable for communication audio and video for household |
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