CN106847389A - A kind of optoelectrical cable - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a photoelectric integrated cable, which comprises a cable core, a reinforcement layer and an outer sheath arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside, wherein the cable core is two tight-sleeved optical fibers with the same outer diameter and two electric wires stranded A four-core symmetrical phase-to-phase twisted structure made around a central element, the tight-buffered optical fiber includes an optical fiber provided with a coating layer and a tight-buffered layer, the diameter of the optical fiber is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, and it is also disclosed A method for preparing an optoelectronic integrated cable is provided, which includes three steps of preparing tight-buffered optical fibers, preparing electric wires, twisting the optoelectronic integrated cable core, armoring the reinforcing layer, and extruding the outer sheath. The invention has novel structural design, reasonable material selection, stable and reliable product performance, greatly reduces the outer diameter and weight of the photoelectric integrated cable, and meets the special requirements of a single person for fast, convenient and repeated retraction. Processing procedures, improve production efficiency, and ensure that the structure of the photoelectric integrated cable is more compact and the performance is stable and reliable.

Description

A photoelectric integrated cable

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of optical cables, and relates to a light-weight photoelectric composite cable, in particular to a light-weight photoelectric composite cable suitable for repeated retraction by a single person.

Background technique

At present, many users have further increased demand for light-weight photoelectric integrated cables that are small in size, light in weight, and can be quickly and repeatedly retracted by a single person. , cannot meet the special requirements of the light-weight photoelectric composite cable, and cannot be quickly and conveniently retracted and used repeatedly in the field, vehicle, ship-borne and airborne application environments, so it is necessary to invent a light-weight photoelectric composite cable.

The conventional photoelectric integrated cable currently used in the market, as shown in Figure 1, consists of an electric wire 1', a central component 2', an optical fiber unit 3', a polyester film tape 4', an aramid fiber 5' and a polyurethane outer sheath 6 'Composition, the wire 1' and the fiber unit 3' are twisted around the central element 2', the outside of the wire 1' and the fiber unit 3' is wrapped with a polyester film tape 4', and the polyester film tape 4' The outside is sequentially covered with aramid fiber 5' and polyurethane outer sheath 6'. Although the optoelectronic integrated cable with this structure has the characteristics of softness and repeated retractability, due to its large outer diameter and heavy weight, it cannot be quickly and repeatedly retracted by a single person, and cannot meet the requirements of mobility and convenience. Since the conventional photoelectric integrated cable uses ordinary G.652 single-mode optical fiber, the bending radius is relatively large. In actual use, when the bending radius is small, the additional attenuation of the optical fiber will increase. In severe cases, the optical fiber will be broken and the optical path will be blocked. The phenomenon. During the drawing and screening process of conventional optical fibers, micro-cracks will appear on the surface. In the actual use process, the micro-cracks on the surface of the optical fiber will be deteriorated due to the erosion of water molecules in the air. longevity and reliability. Conventional optoelectronic integrated cable usually divides optoelectronic integrated cable core stranding, reinforced layer armor and outer sheath extrusion into three or two processes for processing respectively. The production efficiency is low, and the structure of optoelectronic integrated cable is relatively loose. Unstable performance and poor reliability in the release environment.

Contents of the invention

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, to provide a photoelectric composite cable and its preparation method, on the basis of ensuring the mechanical and environmental performance of the conventional photoelectric composite cable, through the structural design of the photoelectric composite cable , reduce the size and weight of the photoelectric integrated cable, suitable for a single person to quickly and repeatedly retract, effectively realize photoelectric transmission, use mobility and convenience.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

A photoelectric integrated cable includes a cable core, a reinforcement layer 4 and an outer sheath 5 arranged sequentially from inside to outside, and is characterized in that: the cable core is two tightly-sleeved optical fibers 1 and two electric wires 3 twisted with the same outer diameter A four-core symmetrical phase-to-phase twisted structure formed around a central element 2, the tight-buffered optical fiber 1 includes an optical fiber provided with a coating layer and a tight-buffered layer, and the diameter of the optical fiber is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

Further, the optical fiber in the tight-buffered optical fiber 1 is a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber.

Further, the material of the tight-buffer layer of the tight-buffered optical fiber 1 is nylon or thermoplastic polyester elastomer Hytrel or flame-retardant polyurethane or flame-retardant elastomer, and the outer diameter of the tight-buffer layer is 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm.

Further, the material of the central element 2 is glass rod (FRP) or aramid fiber rod (KFRP) or conductive wire.

Further, the material of the reinforcing layer 4 is aramid fiber or glass fiber or carbon fiber or PBO.

Further, the material of the outer sheath 5 is flame-retardant polyurethane or flame-retardant elastomer, and the wall thickness of the outer sheath is ≥0.4mm.

Further, the outer diameter of the electric wire 3 is 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm, and the electric wire 3 includes a conductor and an insulator, and the conductor material is a copper wire or a copper stranded wire or a coated copper wire or a coated copper stranded wire, and the conductor The outer diameter is 0.2mm-0.4mm; the insulator material is polyethylene or fluoroplastic or polyvinyl chloride or rubber.

Further, the outer diameter of the cable core is 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm, and the outer diameter is 3.0 mm to 4.0 mm.

The present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing photoelectric composite cable simultaneously, comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Prepare Tight Buffer Fiber

Select an optical fiber secondary coating extruder, set the extrusion temperature at 130°C to 250°C under the condition of tension of 0.5N to 1.5N, and set the extrusion temperature at a uniform speed of 40m/min to 100m/min outside the optical fiber Coated with a tight-buffered layer, cooled in a water tank, extruded through an extrusion die to make a tight-buffered optical fiber with an outer diameter of 0.4mm to 0.8mm;

Step 2: Prepare the Wires

Select a high-temperature extruder, set the extrusion temperature at 130°C to 380°C under the condition that the tension of the retracting and unwinding line is 1.0N to 5.0N, and extrude uniformly at a line speed of 40m/min to 100m/min outside the conductor. Layer insulation layer, cooled by water tank, extruded through extrusion die to make wires with outer diameter of 0.4mm~0.8mm;

Step 3: Prepare photoelectric integrated cable

The two tight-buffered optical fibers prepared in step 1 and the two electric wires prepared in step 2 are twisted around a central element in a symmetrical phase-to-phase twisting manner to form an optoelectronic integrated cable core, and then in the optoelectronic integrated The outside of the cable core is evenly armored with a reinforced layer, and a layer of outer sheath is extruded synchronously, cooled in a water tank, and a semi-extruded tube extrusion mold is used to make a photoelectric composite cable with an outer diameter of 3.0mm to 4.0mm. Combining equipment, armoring equipment and extrusion equipment are connected in series to form a molding device.

Further, the stranding pitch of the photoelectric integrated cable core is 50 mm to 100 mm, the stranding pitch of the reinforcing layer is 200 mm to 300 mm, and the extrusion temperature is set under the condition that the tension of the take-up and pay-off wire is 5.0N to 20.0N The temperature is 120℃～180℃, and a layer of outer sheath is uniformly extruded outside the cable core at a line speed of 10m/min～20m/min.

The present invention can bring following beneficial effect:

1. The optical fiber in the tight-buffered optical fiber of the photoelectric composite cable of the present invention selects single-mode optical fiber or multi-mode optical fiber, including special optical fibers such as carbon-coated bending-insensitive single-mode optical fiber, and the type of optical fiber is G.657. The mode field diameter of the insensitive single-mode fiber is similar to that of the conventional G.652 single-mode fiber, so the bend-insensitive fiber is compatible with the conventional fiber, and the fiber is universal. In the present invention, the bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber is preferably selected, and the bending radius is not less than 7.5mm, and can even reach 5mm, while the bending radius of the conventional G.652 single-mode optical fiber is not less than 15mm. Composite cables are even better.

2. The optical fiber in the tight-buffered optical fiber of the present invention is preferably a carbon-coated bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber, and its strain screening is preferably 2%, while the conventional optical fiber strain screening is usually 1%. Since the strain screening strength of the optical fiber has doubled, the Fiber reliability is also improved. Carbon-coated optical fiber refers to a special optical fiber in which a carbon layer is deposited on the surface of the quartz cladding during the fiber drawing process, and then coated with two layers of organic resin. The reason why carbon-coated optical fiber is preferred is that during the use and storage of the optical fiber, the moisture in the environment can reach the silica cladding of the optical fiber through the resin coating, and there are microcracks on the cladding. Under the action of stress, Moisture accelerates the expansion of cracks and reduces the life of the optical fiber. After coating the surface of the optical fiber cladding with a carbon layer, the carbon layer can effectively block water, thereby increasing the life of the optical fiber. The static fatigue resistance index N value of carbon-coated optical fiber is ≥ 100, while the N value of ordinary optical fiber is only about 20. Therefore, carbon-coated optical fibers have better environmental adaptability than ordinary optical fibers, which is mainly reflected in the long-term use or storage life and reliability of optical fibers under stress such as stretching and bending.

3. The present invention adopts a symmetrical phase-to-phase stranding structure of optical fibers and electric wires, selects micro-tight sleeve optical fibers and electric wires, and avoids mutual interference between optical fibers and conductors by coating plastics around the optical fibers and insulating layers around the conductors, and through appropriate The advanced technology realizes the direct twisting of fine tight-sleeved optical fiber and electric wire to form the optoelectronic integrated cable core, which greatly reduces the size and weight of the optoelectronic integrated cable core, thereby realizing a light-weight optoelectronic integrated cable. The outer diameter of the optoelectronic integrated cable is 3.0mm~4.0 mm, weight ≤12kg/km, fully meet the special requirements of a single person for repeated retraction. Conventional optoelectronic integrated cables usually make a plurality of optical fibers into an optical unit, and then twist the optical unit and multiple wires into an optoelectronic integrated cable core, so that the optoelectronic integrated cable is larger in size and heavier in weight, and the outer diameter of the optoelectronic integrated cable is ≥ 7.0mm, weight ≥ 50kg/km, neither can meet the special requirements of a single person for repeated retraction, nor can it achieve mobility and convenience.

4. In the present invention, the optoelectronic integrated cable core stranding equipment, reinforcement layer armoring equipment and outer sheath extrusion equipment are connected in series into a production line, so as to realize the synchronization of optoelectronic integrated cable core stranding, reinforcement layer armoring and outer sheath extrusion The processing method of one-time molding in series can effectively reduce the processing procedures and improve production efficiency, while the conventional photoelectric composite cable usually divides the photoelectric composite cable core stranding, reinforcement layer armoring and outer sheath extrusion into three or two different processes respectively. The processing method has many processing procedures, low production efficiency, and the addition of multiple processes brings processing risks. The processing method of synchronous series connection of three processes is adopted to reduce the gap between the optoelectronic integrated cable core, the reinforcement layer and the outer sheath, so that the structure of the optoelectronic integrated cable is also more compact, and the performance is better in the process of repeated retraction and use. Stable and reliable.

5. The present invention adopts a semi-extrusion tube extrusion mold, by appropriately increasing the extrusion pressure, reducing the space between the reinforcement layer and the outer sheath, and enhancing the adhesion and cohesion between the reinforcement layer and the outer sheath material, so as to increase the outer sheath The purpose of improving the wall thickness and improving the concentricity of the sheath is to avoid the occurrence of material stripping due to the thin wall thickness of the outer sheath during processing, and to solve the problem of wear and wrinkling of the outer sheath due to the thin wall thickness of the outer sheath during use. The situation makes the structure of the photoelectric composite cable more compact, and improves the stability and reliability of the photoelectric composite cable in the actual use process.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the contents of the description, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable , the following preferred embodiments are specifically cited below, and are described in detail as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of conventional photoelectric integrated cable of prior art;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the photoelectric integrated cable of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a process flow chart of the photoelectric integrated cable of the present invention.

As shown in the figure:

1’: Wire 2’: Center Element 3’: Fiber Unit 4’: Tape 5’: Aramid Fiber

6': outer sheath

1: Tight buffer fiber 2: Central element 3: Wire 4: Reinforcement layer 5: Outer sheath

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

A photoelectric composite cable provided by the present invention includes a cable core, a reinforcing layer 4 and an outer sheath 5 arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. A four-core symmetrical phase-to-phase twisted structure is formed around a central element 2, and the tight-buffered optical fiber 1 includes an optical fiber provided with a coating layer and a tight-buffered layer.

Embodiment one

The optical fiber secondary coating extruder is selected, and a tight sleeve layer is uniformly coated on the outside of the optical fiber at a line speed of 40m/min at a tension of 0.5N and an extrusion temperature of 130°C to 200°C. When the optical fiber is a bending loss insensitive single-mode optical fiber with a carbon coating layer, the diameter of the optical fiber is 0.245mm, the strain screening of the optical fiber is 2%, the static fatigue resistance index N is 100, and the material of the tight sleeve layer is preferably flame-retardant polyurethane , the outer diameter of the tight sleeve layer is 0.4mm, and then cooled by a water tank, the cooling temperature of the water tank is between 30°C and 40°C, and the mold adopts a squeeze tube type to make a tight sleeve optical fiber with an outer diameter of 0.4mm;

Then choose a high-temperature extruder, under the condition that the take-up and take-off line tension is 1.0N, and the extrusion temperature is between 160°C and 250°C, a layer of insulating layer is uniformly extruded outside the conductor at a line speed of 40m/min. Water tank cooling, the cooling temperature of the water tank is 40 ℃ ~ 60 ℃, and the wire with an outer diameter of 0.4 mm is made through an extrusion die; the wire includes a conductor and an insulator, and the conductor material is copper stranded wire, and the outer diameter of the conductor is 0.2 mm; The insulator material is polyethylene;

Finally, the two tight-buffered optical fibers and two electric wires prepared above are twisted symmetrically around the central element of a glass rod to make a photoelectric composite cable core. The twisted pitch of the photoelectric composite cable core is 50 mm. , the outer diameter of the cable core is 1mm, and then the aramid fiber reinforcement layer is evenly armored outside the optoelectronic integrated cable core. The wall thickness of the sleeve is 0.4mm, and it is cooled by a water tank. The cooling temperature of the water tank is between 30°C and 50°C. A semi-extruded tube extrusion mold is used to make a photoelectric composite cable with an outer diameter of 3.0mm. The above-mentioned stranding equipment , Armoring equipment and extrusion equipment are connected in series to form a molding device.

Embodiment two

The optical fiber secondary coating extruder is selected, and a tight sleeve layer is uniformly coated on the outside of the optical fiber at a line speed of 70m/min at a tension of 1.0N and an extrusion temperature of 180°C to 250°C. When the optical fiber is a multi-mode optical fiber, the diameter of the optical fiber is 0.3mm, and the strain of the optical fiber is 1%. The material of the tight jacket layer is preferably a thermoplastic polyester elastomer Hytrel, and the outer diameter of the tight jacket layer is 0.6mm, and then passes through the water tank Cooling, the cooling temperature of the water tank is between 40°C and 60°C, and the mold adopts extrusion type to make a tight-sleeved optical fiber with an outer diameter of 0.6mm;

Then choose a high-temperature extruder, under the condition that the winding tension is 5.0N and the extrusion temperature is between 280°C and 380°C, a layer of insulating layer is uniformly extruded outside the conductor at a line speed of 70m/min. Water tank cooling, the cooling temperature of the water tank is 40 ℃ ~ 60 ℃, and the wire with an outer diameter of 0.6 mm is made through an extrusion die; the wire includes a conductor and an insulator, and the conductor material is copper stranded wire, and the outer diameter of the conductor is 0.3 mm; The insulator material is fluoroplastic;

Finally, the two tight-buffered optical fibers and two electric wires prepared above are twisted symmetrically around the central element of an aramid rod to make a photoelectric composite cable core. The twisted pitch of the photoelectric composite cable core is 70mm, the outer diameter of the cable core is 1.5mm, and then uniformly armored carbon fiber reinforcement layer outside the photoelectric integrated cable core, the stranding pitch of the reinforcement layer is 250mm, and a layer of flame-retardant elastomer outer sheath is simultaneously extruded, and the outer sheath The wall thickness of the sleeve is 0.5mm, and it is cooled by a water tank. The cooling temperature of the water tank is between 30°C and 50°C. A semi-extruded tube extrusion mold is used to make a photoelectric composite cable with an outer diameter of 3.5mm. The above-mentioned stranding equipment , Armoring equipment and extrusion equipment are connected in series to form a molding device.

Embodiment three

The optical fiber secondary coating extruder is selected, and a tight sleeve layer is uniformly coated on the outside of the optical fiber at a line speed of 100m/min at a tension of 0.8N and an extrusion temperature of 180°C to 250°C. When the optical fiber is a bending loss insensitive single-mode optical fiber provided with a coating layer, the diameter of the optical fiber is 0.4mm, and the strain screening of the optical fiber is 1%. The material of the tight jacket layer is preferably nylon, and the outer diameter of the tight jacket layer is 0.8mm. Then it is cooled in a water tank, the cooling temperature of the water tank is between 30°C and 40°C, and the mold adopts a squeeze tube type to make a tight-sleeved optical fiber with an outer diameter of 0.8mm;

Then choose a high-temperature extruder, under the condition that the take-up and take-off line tension is 3.0N, and the extrusion temperature is between 130°C and 200°C, a layer of insulating layer is uniformly extruded outside the conductor at a line speed of 100m/min. Water tank cooling, the cooling temperature of the water tank is 30 ℃ ~ 40 ℃, and the wire with an outer diameter of 0.8 mm is made through an extrusion die; the wire includes a conductor and an insulator, and the conductor material is copper wire, and the outer diameter of the conductor is 0.4 mm; the insulator The material is polyvinyl chloride;

Finally, the two tight-buffered optical fibers and two electric wires prepared above are twisted symmetrically around a copper wire central element to form a photoelectric composite cable core. The twisted pitch of the photoelectric composite cable core is 100 mm. , the outer diameter of the cable core is 2mm, and then a glass fiber reinforced layer is evenly armored on the outside of the photoelectric integrated cable core. The stranding pitch of the reinforced layer is 300mm, and a layer of flame-retardant polyurethane outer sheath is simultaneously extruded. The wall thickness is 0.4mm, cooled by water tank, the cooling temperature of the water tank is between 30°C and 50°C, and a semi-extruded tube extrusion mold is used to make a photoelectric composite cable with an outer diameter of 4.0mm. The above-mentioned stranding equipment, Armoring equipment and extrusion equipment are connected in series to form a molding device.

Compared with the existing conventional photoelectric integrated cable, the light-weight photoelectric integrated cable developed according to the above technical scheme has the advantages of small size, light weight and excellent bending performance, which can truly meet the special requirements of a single person for fast, convenient and repeated retraction, and effectively realize the photoelectric integrated cable. Transmission, mobility and ease of use.

The above description of the embodiments is for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and apply the present invention. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and apply the general principles described here to other embodiments without creative effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments herein. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of optoelectrical cable includes the cable core, enhancement layer (4) and the oversheath (5) that set gradually from inside to outside, and its feature exists In：The cable core is that two tight tube fibers (1) of external diameter identical and two electric wires (3) are stranded in around a center part (2) The symmetrical alternate lay configuration of four cores that are made, the tight tube fiber (1) is described including being provided with the optical fiber and tight sleeve layer of coat A diameter of 0.2mm~0.4mm of optical fiber.

2. according to a kind of optoelectrical cable described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the optical fiber in the tight tube fiber (1) is Single-mode fiber or multimode fibre.

3. according to a kind of optoelectrical cable described in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The material of tight tube fiber (1) tight sleeve layer Expect to be nylon or thermoplastic polyester elastomer Hytrel or flame retardant polyurethane or flame-proof elastomer, the tight sleeve layer external diameter is 0.4mm~0.8mm.

4. according to a kind of optoelectrical cable described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The material of the center part (2) is glass Glass rod (FRP) or aramid fiber rod (KFRP) or conductive wire.

5. according to a kind of optoelectrical cable described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The material of the enhancement layer (4) is aramid fiber Fiber or glass fibre or carbon fiber or PBO.

6. according to a kind of optoelectrical cable described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The material of the oversheath (5) is fire-retardant Polyurethane or flame-proof elastomer, the wall thickness >=0.4mm of oversheath.

7. according to a kind of optoelectrical cable described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Electric wire (3) external diameter be 0.4mm~ 0.8mm, the electric wire (3) includes conductor and insulator, the conductor material be copper cash or copper stranded conductor or band coating copper cash or Band coating copper stranded conductor, conductor diameter is 0.2mm~0.4mm；The insulating material is polyethylene or fluoroplastics or polyvinyl chloride Or rubber.

8. according to a kind of optoelectrical cable described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The external diameter of the cable core be 1.0mm~ 2.0mm, the optoelectrical cable external diameter is 3.0mm~4.0mm.

9. a kind of method for preparing optoelectrical cable, comprises the following steps：

Step one：Prepare tight tube fiber

From optical fiber secondary cocoon extruding machine, under conditions of folding and unfolding line tension is 0.5N~1.5N, it is 130 to set extrusion temperature DEG C~250 DEG C, one layer of tight sleeve layer is uniformly coated with the linear velocity of 40m/min~100m/min in outer fiber, cooled down through tank, By tubular molding tool extrusion molding, the tight tube fiber that external diameter is 0.4mm~0.8mm is made；

Step 2：Prepare electric wire

From high temperature extrusion machine, under conditions of folding and unfolding line tension is 1.0N~5.0N, it is 130 DEG C~380 to set extrusion temperature DEG C, with the uniform layer insulating of extrusion molding one of the linear velocity of 40m/min~100m/min outside conductor, cooled down through tank, by squeezing Pressure type mould extrusion molding, is made the electric wire that external diameter is 0.4mm~0.8mm；

Step 3：Prepare optoelectrical cable

Two electric wires of completion are prepared in two tight tube fibers and step 2 that completion will be prepared in step one with symmetrical alternate strand The mode of conjunction is stranded in around a center part and is made photoelectric comprehensive cable core, then uniform outside the photoelectric comprehensive cable core Armouring enhancement layer, and one layer of oversheath of synchronous extrusion molding, cool down through tank, and using half extruded mould for squeezing tubular type, being made external diameter is The optoelectrical cable of 3.0mm~4.0mm, above-mentioned stranded equipment, armored equipment and extrusion apparatus are connected into one-shot forming apparatus.

10. a kind of preparation method of optoelectrical cable according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the optoelectrical cable The twisting pitch of core is 50mm~100mm, and the twisting pitch of enhancement layer is 200mm~300mm, folding and unfolding line tension be 5.0N~ Under conditions of 20.0N, it is 120 DEG C~180 DEG C to set extrusion temperature, with the linear velocity of 10m/min~20m/min outside cable core One layer of oversheath of uniform extrusion molding.