CN111709142A - Method for simplifying fluid simulation model of whole fuel cell stack - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a simplification method of a fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model. The method comprises the following steps: calculating a first group of associated data of the flow Q and the pressure drop delta P1 of the initial single board model; calculating a second group of associated data of flow Q and pressure drop delta P2 of the plate body part of the single plate simplified model, wherein the single plate simplified model comprises a porous pressure drop surface A; converting a third group of correlation data of the average flow velocity v of the porous pressure drop surface A and the pressure drop delta P according to the first group of correlation data and the second group of correlation data; fitting a quadratic equation of a unit according to the third group of associated data; and taking the coefficient of the unitary quadratic equation as a reference, setting the boundary condition of the porous pressure drop surface A in a solver, and calculating the pressure drop delta P4 of the single plate simplified model, wherein the obtained pressure drop delta P1 is equal to the pressure drop delta P4 of the single plate simplified model and the initial single plate model under the condition of equal flow Q. The method can improve the accuracy of whole pile flow distribution and pressure drop simulation calculation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a simplification method of a fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model.
Background
During operation of the fuel cell stack, the uniformity of the distribution of the fluids across the individual plates of hydrogen, air and cooling water fluids is an important factor affecting overall performance. During the early design process of the fuel cell stack, the CFD simulation method is usually adopted to optimize the flow distribution of the whole stack. However, since the entire stack of fluid models includes a plurality of single-plate models with complex structures, if the initial model is used for simulation calculation, the number of grids is too large, the memory load of a computer is large, and the calculation is difficult or even impossible. The existing fuel simulation means usually simplify a single-plate flow channel model into a thin-layer flat plate for simulation, and the method can effectively reduce the number of grids. However, the pressure drop calculated by the single-plate model adopting the simplified method is too low compared with the original model, so that the deviation between the flow distribution and the overall pressure drop calculation result and the original model is larger.
Therefore, the design of a simplified method of a fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model can reduce the number of grids, and the calculated pressure drop value and the pressure drop change trend are consistent with those of the initial model, so that the whole stack flow distribution and the pressure drop simulation calculation accuracy are improved, which is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simplified method of a fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model, which can reduce the number of grids, and the calculated pressure drop delta P4 is equal to the pressure drop delta P1 in an initial single-plate model, thereby improving the accuracy of whole stack flow distribution and pressure drop simulation calculation.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a simplified method for a fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model, where the method includes:
calculating a first group of associated data of the flow Q and the pressure drop delta P1 of the initial single board model;
calculating a second group of associated data of the flow Q of the single plate simplified model and the pressure drop delta P2 of the plate body part, wherein the single plate simplified model comprises a porous pressure drop surface A;
converting a third group of correlation data of the average flow velocity v of the porous pressure drop surface A and the pressure drop delta P according to the first group of correlation data and the second group of correlation data;
fitting a quadratic equation of a unit according to the third group of associated data;
and taking the coefficient of the unitary quadratic equation as a reference, setting the boundary condition of the porous pressure drop surface A in a solver, and calculating the pressure drop delta P4 of the plate body part of the simplified single plate model, wherein the obtained pressure drop delta P1 is equal to the pressure drop delta P4 of the single plate simplified model and the initial single plate model under the equal flow Q.
In an alternative embodiment, the step of calculating a first set of data relating flow Q to pressure drop Δ P1 for the initial veneer model comprises:
intercepting a flow channel single-plate three-dimensional model of initial hydrogen, air or cooling water from a whole fuel cell stack fluid three-dimensional model;
leading the three-dimensional model of the flow channel single plate into a solver;
and inputting the flow Q in a solver to obtain a pressure drop delta P1, wherein at least five groups of data of the flow Q and the pressure drop delta P1 form a first group of associated data.
In an optional embodiment, the step of introducing the three-dimensional model of the flow channel single plate into the solver includes:
carrying out mesh division on the three-dimensional model of the flow channel single plate;
leading the three-dimensional model of the flow channel single plate containing the grid into a solver;
and setting boundary conditions for the three-dimensional model of the single board of the runner in a solver.
In an alternative embodiment, the inlet and outlet faces of the simplified single plate model are the same as the inlet and outlet faces of the original single plate model, respectively, and the porous pressure drop plane a is perpendicular to the flow direction.
In an alternative embodiment, the step of calculating a second set of correlation data between the flow rate Q of the single-plate simplified model and the pressure drop Δ P2 of the plate body part comprises:
leading the single-board simplified model into a solver;
and inputting the flow Q in a solver to obtain a pressure drop delta P2 of the plate body part, wherein at least five groups of data of the flow Q and the pressure drop delta P2 form a second group of associated data.
In an alternative embodiment, the average flow velocity v for the porous pressure drop surface a is calculated as:
v＝Q/S
wherein S is the area of the porous pressure drop plane A.
In an alternative embodiment, the pressure drop Δ P of the porous pressure drop plane a is calculated by the formula:
△P＝△P1-△P2。
in an alternative embodiment, the step of fitting a one-dimensional quadratic equation based on the third set of correlation data comprises:
and fitting a quadratic equation with a constant term of 0 according to the third group of associated data, and obtaining a quadratic coefficient a and a first order coefficient b of the quadratic equation.
In an alternative embodiment, the one-dimensional quadratic equation is:
ΔP＝av2+bv。
in an alternative embodiment, with the coefficient of a unitary quadratic equation as a reference, setting a boundary condition for the porous pressure drop surface a in a solver, and calculating a pressure drop Δ P4 of the plate body portion of the simplified single plate model, where the step of obtaining the pressure drop Δ P1 equal to the pressure drop Δ P4 of the simplified single plate model and the initial single plate model at the equal flow rate Q includes:
replacing the initial single-plate model with a single-plate simplified model, and setting the porous pressure drop surface A as a porous step surface;
and adjusting parameters according to the quadratic coefficient a and the primary coefficient b, and solving after setting is finished, wherein the obtained pressure drop delta P1 is equal to the pressure drop delta P4 under the condition that the single plate simplified model and the initial single plate model have the same flow Q.
The method for simplifying the fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the simplifying method comprises a single-plate simplifying model containing the porous pressure drop surface A and a boundary condition setting method of the porous pressure drop surface A. The simplified method not only can effectively reduce the number of grids, but also can obtain the pressure drop delta P4 which is equal to the pressure drop delta P1 in the initial single-plate model along with the change of the single-plate inlet flow, thereby improving the accuracy of whole-pile flow distribution and pressure drop simulation calculation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a simplified method of a fuel cell stack fluid simulation model according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a simplified single-plate model;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a simplified method of a fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings or that the product of the present invention is used as it is, this is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Regarding optimizing the whole pile flow distribution by adopting a CFD simulation means, the whole pile fluid model comprises a plurality of flow channel single plate models of hydrogen, air and water with complex structures, and the adoption of an initial model for simulation calculation can cause overlarge grid quantity, large memory load of a computer, and difficult or even impossible calculation. The existing fuel simulation means usually simplify a single-plate flow channel model into a thin-layer flat plate for simulation, and the method can effectively reduce the number of grids. However, the pressure drop calculated by the single-plate model adopting the simplified method is too low compared with the original model, so that the deviation between the flow distribution and the overall pressure drop calculation result and the original model is larger. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a simplified method of a fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model, which can reduce the number of grids, and the calculated pressure drop Δ P4 is equal to the pressure drop Δ P1 in the initial single-plate model, thereby improving the whole stack flow distribution and the pressure drop simulation calculation accuracy.
First embodiment
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a simplified method of a fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model, the method includes the following steps:
s11: a first set of data relating flow Q to pressure drop Δ P1 for the initial veneer model is calculated.
Specifically, flow field simulation is performed on the initial single plate model to obtain at least five groups of calculation results of pressure drop Δ P1 corresponding to different flow rates Q, and the at least five groups of associated data of the flow rates Q and the pressure drop Δ P1 form a first group of associated data.
S12: and calculating a second group of associated data of the flow Q of the single plate simplified model and the pressure drop delta P2 of the plate body part, wherein the single plate simplified model comprises a porous pressure drop surface A.
Specifically, first, referring to fig. 2, a single plate simplified model is established, where the single plate simplified model includes a porous pressure drop surface a, two sides of the porous pressure drop surface a are respectively provided with a fluid inlet m and a fluid outlet n, an inlet surface and an outlet surface of the single plate simplified model are respectively the same as the inlet surface and the outlet surface of the initial single plate model, and the porous pressure drop surface a is perpendicular to the flow direction.
And then, performing flow field simulation on the single plate simplified model to obtain a calculation result of pressure drop delta P2 of the corresponding plate body part under at least five groups of different flow rates Q, wherein the at least five groups of associated data of the flow rates Q and the pressure drop delta P2 form a second group of associated data.
Wherein, the value of the flow Q in S12 is consistent with the value of the flow Q in S11.
S13: and converting the average flow velocity v of the porous pressure reduction surface A and the third set of correlation data of the pressure drop delta P according to the first set of correlation data and the second set of correlation data.
Specifically, when the pressure drop Δ P of the porous pressure drop surface a is calculated as Δ P1 to Δ P2 under the values of the flow Q in S11 and S12, the pressure drop Δ P1 of the initial single plate model is equal to the pressure drop Δ P4 of the single plate simplified model, and the average flow velocity v and the pressure drop Δ P of the porous pressure drop surface a are calculated.
Wherein, the calculation formula of the average flow velocity v of the porous pressure drop surface A is as follows:
v＝Q/S
wherein S is the area of the porous pressure drop plane A.
The pressure drop delta P of the porous pressure drop surface A is calculated by the following formula:
△P＝△P1-△P2。
the correlation data of the average flow velocity v with the pressure drop Δ P constitute a third set of correlation data.
S14: and fitting a quadratic equation of a unary according to the third group of correlation data.
S15: and taking the coefficient of the unitary quadratic equation as a reference, setting the boundary condition of the porous pressure drop surface A in a solver, and calculating the pressure drop delta P4 of the plate body part of the single plate simplified model, wherein the obtained pressure drop delta P1 is equal to the pressure drop delta P4 of the single plate simplified model and the initial single plate model under the equal flow Q.
Therefore, by establishing a single-plate simplified model and setting the boundary conditions of the porous pressure drop surface A, the purposes of reducing the number of grids and improving the accuracy of the whole flow distribution and pressure drop calculation result can be achieved.
The solution result of S15 can be derived for staff to check and verify.
The beneficial effects of the simplified method of the fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model provided by the embodiment include:
the simplifying method comprises a single-plate simplifying model containing the porous pressure drop surface A and a boundary condition setting method of the porous pressure drop surface A. The simplified method not only can effectively reduce the number of grids, but also can obtain the pressure drop delta P4 which is equal to the pressure drop delta P1 in the initial single-plate model along with the change of the single-plate inlet flow, thereby improving the accuracy of whole-pile flow distribution and pressure drop simulation calculation.
Second embodiment
Referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a simplified method of a fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model, the method includes the following steps:
s21: intercepting a flow channel single-plate three-dimensional model of initial hydrogen, air or cooling water in a fuel cell whole-pile fluid three-dimensional model.
S22: and leading the three-dimensional model of the flow channel single plate into a solver.
Specifically, firstly, carrying out mesh division on a three-dimensional model of a flow channel single plate; then, leading the three-dimensional model of the flow channel single plate containing the grid into a solver; and finally, setting boundary conditions for the three-dimensional model of the flow channel single plate in a solver.
S23: and inputting the flow Q in a solver to obtain a pressure drop delta P1, wherein at least five groups of data of the flow Q and the pressure drop delta P1 form a first group of associated data.
Specifically, at least five groups of calculation results of pressure drop Δ P1 corresponding to different flow rates Q are obtained, and the at least five groups of correlation data of the flow rates Q and the pressure drop Δ P1 form a first group of correlation data.
S24: and (4) leading the single-board simplified model into a solver.
Referring to fig. 2, the simplified single plate model includes a porous pressure drop surface a, two sides of the porous pressure drop surface a are respectively provided with a fluid inlet m and a fluid outlet n, an inlet surface and an outlet surface of the simplified single plate model are respectively the same as an inlet surface and an outlet surface of the initial single plate model, and the porous pressure drop surface a is perpendicular to the flow direction.
Specifically, firstly, the single-board simplified model is subjected to mesh division.
Then, the single-board simplified model containing the grid is led into a solver.
And finally, setting boundary conditions of the imported single-plate simplified model, and setting the porous pressure drop surface A as an internal surface.
S25: and inputting the flow Q in a solver to obtain a pressure drop delta P2 of the plate body part, wherein at least five groups of data of the flow Q and the pressure drop delta P2 form a second group of associated data.
Specifically, the flow field simulation is performed on the simplified single plate model to obtain at least five sets of calculation results of pressure drop Δ P2 of the corresponding plate body part under different flow rates Q, and the at least five sets of associated data of the flow rates Q and the pressure drop Δ P2 form a second set of associated data. Wherein, the value of the flow Q in S25 is consistent with the value of the flow Q in S23.
S26: and converting the average flow velocity v of the porous pressure reduction surface A and the third set of correlation data of the pressure drop delta P according to the first set of correlation data and the second set of correlation data.
Specifically, the pressure drop Δ P1 of the initial single plate model is calculated to be equal to the pressure drop Δ P4 of the single plate simplified model when the pressure drop Δ P of the porous pressure drop plane a is Δ P1 to Δ P2 under the values of the flow Q in S11 and S12. Therefore, here, by setting the boundary conditions for the porous pressure drop plane a, the pressure drop Δ P of the porous pressure drop plane a becomes Δ P1 to Δ P2 at the values of the flow rate Q in S11 and S12.
And converting the average flow velocity v of the porous pressure reduction surface A and the third set of correlation data of the pressure drop delta P according to the first set of correlation data and the second set of correlation data. Wherein, the calculation formula of the average flow velocity v of the porous pressure drop surface A is as follows:
v＝Q/S
wherein S is the area of the porous pressure drop plane A.
The correlation data of the average flow velocity v with the pressure drop Δ P constitute a third set of correlation data.
S27: and fitting a quadratic equation with a constant term of 0 according to the third group of associated data, and obtaining a quadratic coefficient a and a first order coefficient b of the quadratic equation.
Wherein, the quadratic equation of one unit is:
ΔP＝av2+bv。
s28: and replacing the initial single-plate model with a single-plate simplified model, and setting the porous pressure drop surface A as a porous step surface.
Specifically, firstly, a single-plate simplified model including a grid is introduced into a solver, then, boundary conditions are set for the single-plate simplified model, and a porous pressure drop surface a is set as a porous step surface.
Therefore, by establishing a single-plate simplified model and setting the boundary conditions of the porous pressure drop surface A, the purposes of reducing the number of grids and improving the accuracy of the whole flow distribution and pressure drop calculation result can be achieved.
S29: and adjusting parameters according to the quadratic coefficient a and the primary coefficient b, and solving after setting to obtain the pressure drop delta P4 of the plate body part of the single simplified model, wherein the obtained pressure drop delta P1 is equal to the pressure drop delta P4 of the single simplified model and the initial single plate model under the condition of equal flow Q.
Specifically, firstly, parameters are input at the boundary condition setting position, so that a quadratic coefficient and a first order coefficient of a calculation equation corresponding to the single-plate simplified model containing the porous pressure drop surface A are respectively a and b.
And then, solving the single-board simplified model after the setting is finished, wherein the solved result can be exported for a worker to check and verify.
The beneficial effects of the simplified method of the fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model provided by the embodiment include:
the simplifying method comprises a single-plate simplifying model containing the porous pressure drop surface A and a boundary condition setting method of the porous pressure drop surface A. The simplified method not only can effectively reduce the number of grids, but also can obtain the pressure drop delta P4 which is equal to the pressure drop delta P1 in the initial single-plate model along with the change of the single-plate inlet flow, thereby improving the accuracy of whole-pile flow distribution and pressure drop simulation calculation.
The core of the simplification method of the fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows: the method comprises a single-plate simplified model with a porous pressure drop surface A as an internal surface and a boundary condition setting method of the porous pressure drop surface A. The simplification method not only can effectively reduce the number of grids, but also can ensure that the pressure drop value and the pressure drop change trend obtained by calculation by adopting the simplification method are consistent with those in the initial single-plate model along with the change of the single-plate inlet flow, thereby improving the accuracy of whole-pile flow distribution and pressure drop simulation calculation.
It is easily understood that those skilled in the art can make some extended solutions on the basis of the above technical core, and these extended solutions do not depart from the technical core of the present application, and these extended solutions should fall within the scope of the protection claimed in the present application.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A simplified method of a fuel cell stack fluid simulation model, the method comprising:
calculating a first group of associated data of the flow Q and the pressure drop delta P1 of the initial single board model;
calculating a second group of associated data of the flow Q of the single plate simplified model and the pressure drop delta P2 of the plate body part, wherein the single plate simplified model comprises a porous pressure drop surface A;
converting a third group of correlation data of the average flow velocity v and the pressure drop delta P of the porous pressure drop surface A according to the first group of correlation data and the second group of correlation data;
fitting a quadratic equation of one element according to the third group of associated data;
and taking the coefficient of the unitary quadratic equation as a reference, setting the boundary condition of the porous pressure drop surface A in a solver, and calculating the pressure drop delta P4 of the plate body part of the single plate simplified model, wherein the pressure drop delta P1 obtained by the single plate simplified model and the initial single plate model is equal to the pressure drop delta P4 under the equal flow Q.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of calculating a first set of data relating flow Q to pressure drop Δ P1 for the initial single plate model comprises:
intercepting a flow channel single-plate three-dimensional model of initial hydrogen, air or cooling water from a whole fuel cell stack fluid three-dimensional model;
leading the three-dimensional model of the flow channel single plate into a solver;
inputting the flow Q in the solver to obtain a pressure drop delta P1, wherein at least five groups of data relating the flow Q to the pressure drop delta P1 form the first group of related data.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of introducing the flow channel single plate three-dimensional model into a solver comprises:
carrying out mesh division on the flow channel single plate three-dimensional model;
leading the three-dimensional model of the flow channel single plate containing the grid into the solver;
and setting boundary conditions for the three-dimensional model of the flow channel single plate in the solver.
4. The method of simplifying the fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model according to claim 1, wherein the inlet face and the outlet face of the single plate simplified model are the same as the inlet face and the outlet face of the initial single plate model, respectively, and the porous pressure drop plane a is perpendicular to the flow direction.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of calculating a second set of data relating the flow Q of the single plate simplified model to the pressure drop Δ P2 of the plate body portion comprises:
leading the single board simplified model into a solver;
and inputting the flow Q in the solver to obtain a pressure drop delta P2 of the plate body part, wherein at least five groups of correlation data of the flow Q and the pressure drop delta P2 form the second group of correlation data.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the average flow velocity v of the porous pressure drop surface A is calculated by the formula:
v＝Q/S
wherein S is the area of the porous pressure drop surface A.
7. The method of simplifying the fuel cell whole stack fluid simulation model according to claim 1, wherein the pressure drop Δ P of the porous pressure drop surface a is calculated by the formula:
△P＝△P1-△P2。
8. the method of claim 1, wherein the step of fitting a one-dimensional quadratic equation according to the third set of correlation data comprises:
and fitting the quadratic equation with the constant term of 0 according to the third group of associated data, and obtaining a quadratic coefficient a and a first order coefficient b of the quadratic equation.
9. The method of simplifying a fuel cell stack fluid simulation model according to claim 8, wherein the one-dimensional quadratic equation is:
ΔP＝av2+bv。
10. the method of claim 9, wherein the step of calculating a pressure drop Δ P4 of the plate body portion of the simplified single plate model by setting the boundary conditions of the porous pressure drop surface a in a solver and calculating the pressure drop Δ P4 of the plate body portion of the simplified single plate model with reference to the coefficients of the one-dimensional quadratic equation, wherein the step of equalizing the pressure drop Δ P1 and the pressure drop Δ P4 of the simplified single plate model and the initial single plate model at the equal flow rate Q comprises:
replacing the initial single plate model with the single plate simplified model, and setting the porous pressure drop surface A as a porous step surface;
and adjusting parameters according to the quadratic term coefficient a and the primary term coefficient b, and solving after setting is completed, wherein the pressure drop delta P1 obtained by the simplified single board model and the initial single board model is equal to the pressure drop delta P4 under the condition of equal flow Q.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113642265A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-11-12 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Method and device for evaluating fluid flow of fuel cell short stack |
| CN114551944A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-05-27 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for rapidly controlling water content in proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN115292770A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-11-04 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Optimization method and system for fuel cell stack channel structure |
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| CN115292770A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-11-04 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Optimization method and system for fuel cell stack channel structure |
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