CN111707943A - A method and system for early warning of electric vehicle charging fault based on battery simulation - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电动汽车充换电技术领域，具体涉及一种基于电池仿真的电动汽车充电故障预警方法和系统。The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging and swapping, in particular to a battery simulation-based charging fault warning method and system for an electric vehicle.
背景技术Background technique
随着全球能源危机的不断加剧和环境问题的日益突出，电动汽车相比于传统汽车在节能减排方面存在的巨大优势受到各国政府和汽车企业的重视。电动汽车产业的迅猛发展带动了电动汽车充电基础设施的建设，世界各国实施了一系列激励措施并投入大批资金支持电动汽车充电站和充电桩的建设来满足电动汽车的充电需求。With the aggravation of the global energy crisis and the increasingly prominent environmental problems, the huge advantages of electric vehicles in energy saving and emission reduction compared with traditional vehicles have attracted the attention of governments and auto companies. The rapid development of the electric vehicle industry has driven the construction of electric vehicle charging infrastructure. Countries around the world have implemented a series of incentive measures and invested a large amount of funds to support the construction of electric vehicle charging stations and charging piles to meet the charging needs of electric vehicles.
随着一系列与电动汽车充电基础设施相关标准的出台，能源供给企业也纷纷投入到充电站、充电桩等电动汽车充电基础设施建设中来。有关电动汽车充电设备技术条件和测试规范的7项标准陆续更新发布，电动汽车充电基础设施的建设取得了长足的发展。With the introduction of a series of standards related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure, energy supply companies have also invested in the construction of electric vehicle charging infrastructure such as charging stations and charging piles. Seven standards related to the technical conditions and test specifications of electric vehicle charging equipment have been successively updated and released, and the construction of electric vehicle charging infrastructure has made great progress.
随着大量电动汽车充电设备的建设与投运，其充电可靠性和安全性逐渐成为关注的重点。电动汽车充电设备的运行状态不仅会影响其自身可靠性，还会影响动力电池的使用寿命。不仅电动汽车充电设备的日常运维检修不容忽视，电动汽车充电设备充电过程中的故障监测同样至关重要。With the construction and operation of a large number of electric vehicle charging equipment, its charging reliability and safety have gradually become the focus of attention. The operating status of electric vehicle charging equipment will not only affect its own reliability, but also affect the service life of the power battery. Not only the daily operation and maintenance of electric vehicle charging equipment can not be ignored, but also the fault monitoring during the charging process of electric vehicle charging equipment.
电动汽车充电故障监测与预警方法已有所研究，一套电动汽车充电桩设备的移动监控与故障诊断系统，采用故障树方法对充电桩的故障进行分析诊断。充电设施的检测技术以及在现场中的应用，对现场检测中常见的故障进行了分类和分析。针对纯电动汽车插入充电枪后充电口指示灯不亮、不充电的故障进行分析并介绍了故障诊断方法。以EV300电动汽车充电系统为例，探究了充电枪插入感应信号故障和充电导通信号故障的电动汽车充电系统故障诊断方法。以上电动汽车充电故障诊断方法仅仅侧重于充电机侧可能出现的故障，没有针对充电过程中电池管理系统侧可能出现的故障进行监测和预警。Electric vehicle charging fault monitoring and early warning methods have been studied. A mobile monitoring and fault diagnosis system for electric vehicle charging pile equipment adopts the fault tree method to analyze and diagnose the faults of charging piles. The detection technology of charging facilities and its application in the field are classified and analyzed for the common faults in the field detection. This paper analyzes the fault that the indicator light of the charging port does not light up and does not charge after the pure electric vehicle is inserted into the charging gun, and introduces the fault diagnosis method. Taking EV300 electric vehicle charging system as an example, the fault diagnosis method of electric vehicle charging system for charging gun insertion induction signal fault and charging conduction signal fault is explored. The above electric vehicle charging fault diagnosis methods only focus on the possible faults on the charger side, and do not monitor and pre-warn the possible faults on the battery management system side during the charging process.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种基于电池仿真的电动汽车充电故障预警方法，该方法同时考虑了电动汽车侧和发电机侧的充电参数，并基于所述充电参数电动汽车发出充电故障预警，从而提高了电动汽车充电故障的识别准确度。In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery simulation-based electric vehicle charging fault warning method, which simultaneously considers the charging parameters of the electric vehicle side and the generator side, and based on the charging parameters, the electric vehicle A charging fault warning is issued, thereby improving the recognition accuracy of electric vehicle charging faults.
本发明的目的是采用下述技术方案实现的：The purpose of this invention is to adopt following technical scheme to realize:
本发明提供一种基于电池仿真的电动汽车充电故障预警方法，其改进之处在于，所述方法包括：The present invention provides an electric vehicle charging fault warning method based on battery simulation. The improvement lies in that the method includes:
监测电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息；Monitor the actual charging status information of the electric vehicle, the charging status information of the off-board charger and the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle;
基于电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息、电动汽车的电池充电需求信息以及电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息，对电动汽车进行充电故障预警。Based on the actual charging status information of the electric vehicle, the charging status information of the off-board charger, the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle, and the simulated charging status information of the electric vehicle, the charging fault warning of the electric vehicle is carried out.
优选的，所述监测电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息，包括：Preferably, the monitoring of the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle, the charging state information of the off-board charger, and the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle include:
利用CAN总线监听技术监测非车载充电机与电动汽车BMS在通讯过程中的BCS报文、CCS报文和BCL报文；Use the CAN bus monitoring technology to monitor the BCS message, CCS message and BCL message in the communication process between the off-board charger and the electric vehicle BMS;
分别对非车载充电机与电动汽车BMS在通讯过程中的BCS报文、CCS报文和BCL报文进行解析，得到电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息；The BCS message, CCS message and BCL message in the communication process between the off-board charger and the electric vehicle BMS are analyzed respectively, and the actual charging status information of the electric vehicle, the charging status information of the off-board charger and the electric vehicle's charging status information are obtained. Battery charging requirement information;
其中，所述电动汽车的实际充电状态信息包括电动汽车在实际充电过程中的充电电流、充电电压和电池SOC；Wherein, the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle includes the charging current, charging voltage and battery SOC of the electric vehicle during the actual charging process;
所述非车载充电机的充电状态信息包括非车载充电机实际输出的充电电流和充电电压；The charging state information of the off-board charger includes the charging current and charging voltage actually output by the off-board charger;
所述电动汽车的电池充电需求信息包括电动汽车的电池充电电流需求和电池充电电压需求。The battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle includes the battery charging current demand and the battery charging voltage demand of the electric vehicle.
优选的，所述电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息的确定过程，包括：Preferably, the process of determining the simulated state of charge information of the electric vehicle includes:
利用电动汽车的电池参数和BMS模拟技术仿真电动汽车充电响应环境，获取电动汽车在该电动汽车充电响应环境的模拟充电状态信息。The battery parameters of the electric vehicle and the BMS simulation technology are used to simulate the charging response environment of the electric vehicle, and the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle in the charging response environment of the electric vehicle is obtained.
进一步的，所述电动汽车的电池参数，包括：Further, the battery parameters of the electric vehicle include:
电动汽车的电池类型、电池组数、电池额定容量、电池额定电压、电池初始温度、电池初始SOC、电池最高允许充电电流、电池最高允许充电总电压和电池最高允许温度。Battery type, number of battery packs, battery rated capacity, battery rated voltage, battery initial temperature, battery initial SOC, battery maximum allowable charging current, battery maximum allowable total charging voltage and battery maximum allowable temperature.
进一步的，所述电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息包括：电动汽车在模拟充电响应环境中的充电电流、充电电压和电池SOC。Further, the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle includes: charging current, charging voltage and battery SOC of the electric vehicle in the simulated charging response environment.
优选的，所述基于电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息、电动汽车的电池充电需求信息以及电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息，对电动汽车进行充电故障预警，包括：Preferably, based on the actual charging status information of the electric vehicle, the charging status information of the off-board charger, the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle and the simulated charging status information of the electric vehicle, the charging fault warning for the electric vehicle includes:
比较电动汽车的实际充电状态信息与电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息，获得第一比较结果；Comparing the actual state-of-charge information of the electric vehicle with the simulated state-of-charge information of the electric vehicle to obtain a first comparison result;
比较非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息，获得第二比较结果；Comparing the charging state information of the off-board charger with the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle, and obtaining a second comparison result;
当第一比较结果满足第一约束条件，且第二比较结果满足第二约束条件时，则对电动汽车发出充电故障预警；When the first comparison result satisfies the first constraint condition and the second comparison result satisfies the second constraint condition, issuing a charging fault warning to the electric vehicle;
其中，所述第一约束条件包括：电动汽车的实际充电状态信息与电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息的充电电流和充电电压的偏差值均小于2％，且电动汽车的实际充电状态信息与电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息的电池SOC的偏差值小于5％；Wherein, the first constraint condition includes: the deviation values of the charging current and charging voltage between the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle and the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle are both less than 2%, and the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle are both less than 2%. The deviation value of the battery SOC of the simulated state of charge information is less than 5%;
所述第二约束条件包括：非车载充电机的充电状态信息中充电电流和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息的充电电流需求的偏差值小于2％，且非车载充电机的充电状态信息中充电电压和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息中充电电压需求的偏差值小于2％。The second constraint condition includes: the deviation value of the charging current in the charging state information of the off-board charger and the charging current requirement of the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle is less than 2%, and the charging voltage in the charging state information of the off-board charger is less than 2%. The deviation value of the charging voltage demand in the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle is less than 2%.
本发明提供一种基于电池仿真的电动汽车充电故障预警系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：The present invention provides an electric vehicle charging fault warning system based on battery simulation, characterized in that the system includes:
监测模块，用于监测电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息；The monitoring module is used to monitor the actual charging status information of the electric vehicle, the charging status information of the off-board charger and the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle;
预警模块，用于基于电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息、电动汽车的电池充电需求信息以及电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息，对电动汽车进行充电故障预警。The early warning module is used to warn the electric vehicle of charging faults based on the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle, the charging state information of the off-board charger, the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle and the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle.
优选的，所述监测模块，包括：Preferably, the monitoring module includes:
接收单元，用于利用CAN总线监听技术监测非车载充电机与电动汽车BMS在通讯过程中的BCS报文、CCS报文和BCL报文；The receiving unit is used to monitor the BCS message, CCS message and BCL message in the communication process between the off-board charger and the electric vehicle BMS by using the CAN bus monitoring technology;
解析单元，用于分别对非车载充电机与电动汽车BMS在通讯过程中的BCS报文、CCS报文和BCL报文进行解析，得到电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息；The parsing unit is used to parse the BCS message, CCS message and BCL message in the communication process between the off-board charger and the BMS of the electric vehicle, and obtain the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle and the charging state of the off-board charger. information and battery charging requirements for electric vehicles;
其中，所述电动汽车的实际充电状态信息包括电动汽车在实际充电过程中的充电电流、充电电压和电池SOC；Wherein, the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle includes the charging current, charging voltage and battery SOC of the electric vehicle during the actual charging process;
所述非车载充电机的充电状态信息包括非车载充电机实际输出的充电电流和充电电压；The charging state information of the off-board charger includes the charging current and charging voltage actually output by the off-board charger;
所述电动汽车的电池充电需求信息包括电动汽车的电池充电电流需求和电池充电电压需求。The battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle includes the battery charging current demand and the battery charging voltage demand of the electric vehicle.
优选的，所述电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息的确定过程，包括：Preferably, the process of determining the simulated state of charge information of the electric vehicle includes:
利用电动汽车的电池参数和BMS模拟技术仿真电动汽车充电响应环境，获取电动汽车在该电动汽车充电响应环境的模拟充电状态信息。The battery parameters of the electric vehicle and the BMS simulation technology are used to simulate the charging response environment of the electric vehicle, and the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle in the charging response environment of the electric vehicle is obtained.
进一步的，所述电动汽车的电池参数，包括：Further, the battery parameters of the electric vehicle include:
电动汽车的电池类型、电池组数、电池额定容量、电池额定电压、电池初始温度、电池初始SOC、电池最高允许充电电流、电池最高允许充电总电压和电池最高允许温度。Battery type, number of battery packs, battery rated capacity, battery rated voltage, battery initial temperature, battery initial SOC, battery maximum allowable charging current, battery maximum allowable total charging voltage and battery maximum allowable temperature.
进一步的，所述电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息包括：电动汽车在模拟充电响应环境中的充电电流、充电电压和电池SOC。Further, the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle includes: charging current, charging voltage and battery SOC of the electric vehicle in the simulated charging response environment.
优选的，所述预警模块，包括：Preferably, the early warning module includes:
第一比较单元，用于比较电动汽车的实际充电状态信息与电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息，获得第一比较结果；a first comparison unit, configured to compare the actual state-of-charge information of the electric vehicle with the simulated state-of-charge information of the electric vehicle, and obtain a first comparison result;
第二比较单元，用于比较非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息，获得第二比较结果；a second comparison unit, configured to compare the charging state information of the off-board charger with the battery charging requirement information of the electric vehicle, and obtain a second comparison result;
预警单元，用于当第一比较结果满足第一约束条件，且第二比较结果满足第二约束条件时，则对电动汽车发出充电故障预警；an early warning unit, configured to issue a charging fault warning to the electric vehicle when the first comparison result satisfies the first constraint condition and the second comparison result satisfies the second constraint condition;
其中，所述第一约束条件包括：电动汽车的实际充电状态信息与电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息的充电电流和充电电压的偏差值均小于2％，且电动汽车的实际充电状态信息与电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息的电池SOC的偏差值小于5％；Wherein, the first constraint condition includes: the deviation values of the charging current and charging voltage between the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle and the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle are both less than 2%, and the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle are both less than 2%. The deviation value of the battery SOC of the simulated state of charge information is less than 5%;
所述第二约束条件包括：非车载充电机的充电状态信息中充电电流和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息的充电电流需求的偏差值小于2％，且非车载充电机的充电状态信息中充电电压和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息中充电电压需求的偏差值小于2％。The second constraint condition includes: the deviation value of the charging current in the charging state information of the off-board charger and the charging current requirement of the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle is less than 2%, and the charging voltage in the charging state information of the off-board charger is less than 2%. The deviation value of the charging voltage demand in the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle is less than 2%.
与最接近的现有技术相比，本发明具有的有益效果：Compared with the closest prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明提供的技术方案，监测电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息；基于电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息、电动汽车的电池充电需求信息以及电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息，对电动汽车进行充电故障预警。该方案同时考虑了电动汽车侧和发电机侧的充电参数，并基于所述充电参数电动汽车发出充电故障预警，从而提高了电动汽车充电故障的识别准确度。The technical scheme provided by the invention monitors the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle, the charging state information of the off-board charger and the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle; based on the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle and the charging state information of the off-board charger , the battery charging demand information of electric vehicles and the simulated charging status information of electric vehicles, to give early warning of charging faults to electric vehicles. The scheme considers the charging parameters of the electric vehicle side and the generator side at the same time, and based on the charging parameters, the electric vehicle issues a charging fault warning, thereby improving the identification accuracy of the charging fault of the electric vehicle.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是一种基于电池仿真的电动汽车充电故障预警方法流程图；Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an electric vehicle charging fault early warning method based on battery simulation;
图2是本发明实施例中实现电动汽车充电故障预警的功能模块图；FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram for realizing electric vehicle charging fault warning in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是一种基于电池仿真的电动汽车充电故障预警系统结构图。Figure 3 is a structural diagram of an electric vehicle charging fault early warning system based on battery simulation.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明提供一种基于电池仿真的电动汽车充电故障预警方法，如图1所示，所述方法包括：The present invention provides an electric vehicle charging fault warning method based on battery simulation, as shown in FIG. 1 , the method includes:
步骤101.监测电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息；Step 101. Monitor the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle, the charging state information of the off-board charger, and the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle;
步骤102.基于电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息、电动汽车的电池充电需求信息以及电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息，对电动汽车进行充电故障预警。Step 102 . Based on the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle, the charging state information of the off-board charger, the battery charging requirement information of the electric vehicle, and the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle, an early warning of the charging fault of the electric vehicle is performed.
在本发明的最佳实施例中，实现电动汽车充电故障预警的功能模块图如图2所示，包括动力汽车充电模型、测量信号接收模块、CAN总线监听模块、中央数据处理单元、电动汽车和非车载充电机充电交互模块；In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functional module diagram for realizing electric vehicle charging fault warning is shown in Figure 2, including a power vehicle charging model, a measurement signal receiving module, a CAN bus monitoring module, a central data processing unit, an electric vehicle and Off-board charger charging interaction module;
其中，动力汽车充电模型用于根据电动汽车的电池参数和BMS模拟技术仿真电动汽车充电响应环境，并将电动汽车在该电动汽车充电响应环境的模拟充电状态信息输入至中央数据处理模块；人机接口模块显示仿真的电动汽车模拟充电状态信息、提供设置电池参数的接口界面，可以根据电动汽车动力蓄电池的类型、规格以及参数来手动设置，也可以实时直观监控电池的充电状态；Among them, the electric vehicle charging model is used to simulate the electric vehicle charging response environment according to the battery parameters of the electric vehicle and the BMS simulation technology, and input the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle in the electric vehicle charging response environment to the central data processing module; The interface module displays the simulated charging status information of the simulated electric vehicle, and provides an interface interface for setting battery parameters, which can be manually set according to the type, specification and parameters of the electric vehicle power battery, and can also monitor the charging status of the battery intuitively in real time;
测量信号接收模块将测量得到的电动汽车实际充电电流或电压传给动力汽车充电模型以模拟充电响应；The measurement signal receiving module transmits the measured actual charging current or voltage of the electric vehicle to the electric vehicle charging model to simulate the charging response;
CAN总线监听模块用来监听非车载充电机与电动汽车BMS通信过程中的BCS报文(电池充电总状态报文)、CCS报文(电动机充电总状态报文)和BCL报文(电池充电需求报文)。The CAN bus monitoring module is used to monitor the BCS message (battery charging total status message), CCS message (motor charging general status message) and BCL message (battery charging demand message) during the communication between the off-board charger and the electric vehicle BMS. message).
电动汽车和非车载充电机充电交互模块，在非车载充电机与电动汽车BMS的充电通信过程中的第三阶段(充电阶段)，BMS向非车载充电机发送电池充电需求报文(BCL)以及电池充电总状态报文(BCS)，非车载充电机向BMS发送充电机充电状态报文(CCS)。Electric vehicle and off-board charger charging interaction module, in the third stage (charging phase) in the charging communication process between off-board charger and electric vehicle BMS, BMS sends battery charging request message (BCL) to off-board charger and The battery charging status message (BCS), the off-board charger sends the charger charging status message (CCS) to the BMS.
中央数据处理单元通过解析CAN总线监听模块监听的BCS报文、CCS报文和BCL报文，监测电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的充电需求信息，并将电动汽车在该电动汽车充电响应环境的模拟充电状态信息与电动汽车的实际充电状态信息比较，同时将非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息比较，从而及时发现充电故障并发出告警提示。The central data processing unit monitors the actual charging status information of the electric vehicle, the charging status information of the off-board charger and the charging demand information of the electric vehicle by analyzing the BCS message, CCS message and BCL message monitored by the CAN bus monitoring module, and Compare the simulated charging status information of the electric vehicle in the electric vehicle charging response environment with the actual charging status information of the electric vehicle, and compare the charging status information of the off-board charger with the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle, so as to find the charging fault in time. and issue a warning.
具体的，所述步骤101，包括：Specifically, the step 101 includes:
步骤101-1.利用CAN总线监听技术监测非车载充电机与电动汽车BMS在通讯过程中的BCS报文、CCS报文和BCL报文；Step 101-1. Use the CAN bus monitoring technology to monitor the BCS message, CCS message and BCL message in the communication process between the off-board charger and the electric vehicle BMS;
步骤101-2.分别对非车载充电机与电动汽车BMS在通讯过程中的BCS报文、CCS报文和BCL报文进行解析，得到电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息；Step 101-2. Analyze the BCS message, CCS message and BCL message in the communication process between the off-board charger and the BMS of the electric vehicle, respectively, to obtain the actual charging status information of the electric vehicle and the charging status of the off-board charger. information and battery charging requirements for electric vehicles;
其中，所述电动汽车的实际充电状态信息包括电动汽车在实际充电过程中的充电电流、充电电压和电池SOC；Wherein, the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle includes the charging current, charging voltage and battery SOC of the electric vehicle during the actual charging process;
所述非车载充电机的充电状态信息包括非车载充电机实际输出的充电电流和充电电压；The charging state information of the off-board charger includes the charging current and charging voltage actually output by the off-board charger;
所述电动汽车的电池充电需求信息包括电动汽车的电池充电电流需求和电池充电电压需求。The battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle includes the battery charging current demand and the battery charging voltage demand of the electric vehicle.
所述CAN总线监听技术，将USBCAN-2I接口卡作为一个CAN通信节点接入非车载充电机与电池管理系统的CAN通信网络，该CAN通信节点作为第三方CAN监听单元，只接收并解析充电通信过程中非车载充电机和电动汽车电池管理系统之间按照通信协议相互发送的通信报文。The CAN bus monitoring technology uses the USBCAN-2I interface card as a CAN communication node to connect to the CAN communication network of the off-board charger and the battery management system. The CAN communication node, as a third-party CAN monitoring unit, only receives and analyzes the charging communication. During the process, the off-board charger and the electric vehicle battery management system send communication messages to each other according to the communication protocol.
具体的，所述电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息的确定过程，包括：Specifically, the process of determining the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle includes:
利用电动汽车的电池参数和BMS模拟技术仿真电动汽车充电响应环境，获取电动汽车在该电动汽车充电响应环境的模拟充电状态信息。The battery parameters of the electric vehicle and the BMS simulation technology are used to simulate the charging response environment of the electric vehicle, and the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle in the charging response environment of the electric vehicle is obtained.
在本发明的最佳实施例中，电动汽车的充电方式有恒流充电和恒压充电，在利用电动汽车的电池参数和BMS模拟技术仿真电动汽车充电响应过程时，电动汽车的充电方式电动汽车BMS控制，电动汽车单体动力电池的开路电压Uoc和电池核电状态SOC的关系采用Gregory L.Plett的“复合模型”来表示，负荷关系式如下：In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the charging methods of the electric vehicle include constant current charging and constant voltage charging. When simulating the charging response process of the electric vehicle by using the battery parameters of the electric vehicle and the BMS simulation technology, the charging method of the electric vehicle BMS Control, the relationship between the open circuit voltage U oc of the single power battery of the electric vehicle and the SOC of the nuclear power state of the battery is expressed by the "composite model" of Gregory L. Plett, and the load relationship is as follows:
式中，K1、K2、K3、K4、K0为拟合系数，由动力汽车充电模型参数辨识方法可以得到不同电池类型下的改组拟合系数，另外，电池内阻特性包含由浓差极化和电化学极化引起的极化内阻以及由电阻极化引起的欧姆内阻特性，两个RC并联电路与欧姆内阻串联可以共同模拟电池内阻特性。In the formula, K 1 , K 2 , K 3 , K 4 , and K 0 are the fitting coefficients, and the shuffling fitting coefficients under different battery types can be obtained by the parameter identification method of the electric vehicle charging model. In addition, the internal resistance characteristics of the battery include: The polarization internal resistance caused by concentration polarization and electrochemical polarization and the ohmic internal resistance characteristics caused by resistance polarization, two RC parallel circuits connected in series with the ohmic internal resistance can jointly simulate the internal resistance characteristics of the battery.
所述动力汽车充电模型仿真电池充电响应就是以测量的充电输出为依据，通过模拟计算得到电池的电压、电流、SOC和温度等充电响应信息。电池的SOC在离散时域的表达式为：The electric vehicle charging model simulates the charging response of the battery based on the measured charging output, and obtains charging response information such as the voltage, current, SOC and temperature of the battery through simulation calculation. The expression of battery SOC in discrete time domain is:
其中，C为单体电池容量，η0为基准库伦效率，KSOCk为单体电池SOC影响系数，KSOCk为单体电池温度影响系数，SOCk为单体电池在第k个计算周期的电池电量，SOCk-1为单体电池在第k-1个计算周期的电池电量，IC(k-1)为单体电池在第k-1个计算周期的充电电流、Δt为计算周期的时长；Among them, C is the capacity of the single battery, η 0 is the reference Coulomb efficiency, K SOCk is the influence coefficient of the SOC of the single battery, K SOCk is the influence coefficient of the temperature of the single battery, and SOC k is the battery of the single battery in the kth calculation cycle. Power, SOC k-1 is the battery power of the single battery in the k-1 calculation cycle, I C(k-1) is the charging current of the single battery in the k-1 calculation cycle, Δt is the calculation cycle duration;
在恒流充电方式下，充电电压的计算公式为：In the constant current charging mode, the calculation formula of the charging voltage is:
UTk＝fUoc(SOCk)+UP1k+UP2k+ICkROk U Tk =f Uoc (SOC k )+U P1k +U P2k +I Ck R Ok
其中，UP1k为单体电池在第k个计算周期的浓差极化电压，UP2k为单体电池在第k个计算周期的电化学极化电压，UP1(k-1)为单体电池在第k-1个计算周期的浓差极化电压，UP2(k-1)为单体电池在第k-1个计算周期的电化学极化电压，fUoc(SOCk)为单体电池在第k个计算周期的开路电压，ICk为单体电池在第k个计算周期的充电电流，ROK为单体电池在第k个计算周期的第一极化内阻，R1(k-1)为单体电池在第k-1个计算周期的第二极化内阻，IC(k-1)为单体电池在第k-1个计算周期的充电电流，τ1(k-1)为单体电池在第k-1个计算周期的第一极化时间常数、R2(k-1)为单体电池在第k-1个计算周期的第三极化内阻，τ2(k-1)为单体电池在第k-1个计算周期的第二极化时间常数；Among them, U P1k is the concentration polarization voltage of the single cell in the kth calculation period, U P2k is the electrochemical polarization voltage of the single cell in the kth calculation period, and U P1(k-1) is the single cell The concentration polarization voltage of the battery in the k-1th calculation cycle, U P2(k-1) is the electrochemical polarization voltage of the single battery in the k-1th calculation cycle, and f Uoc (SOC k ) is the single The open circuit voltage of the bulk battery in the kth calculation cycle, I Ck is the charging current of the single battery in the kth calculation cycle, R OK is the first polarization internal resistance of the single battery in the kth calculation cycle, R 1 (k-1) is the second polarization internal resistance of the single battery in the k-1th calculation cycle, I C(k-1) is the charging current of the single battery in the k-1th calculation cycle, τ 1 (k-1) is the first polarization time constant of the single cell in the k-1th calculation period, R 2(k-1) is the third polarization of the single cell in the k-1th calculation period resistance, τ 2(k-1) is the second polarization time constant of the single cell in the k-1th calculation cycle;
在恒压充电方式下，充电电流的计算公式为：In the constant voltage charging mode, the calculation formula of the charging current is:
其中，
电池温度的计算公式为：The formula for calculating battery temperature is:
式中，Qk为单体电池在第k个计算周期的电池生热，Q1为单位电化学反应热，Φk为单体电池在第k个计算周期的电池散热量，Tk为单体电池在第k个计算周期的电池温度，Tk+1为单体电池在第k+1个计算周期的电池温度，Tm为环境温度，Rk为单体电池在第k个计算周期的传导过程热阻，R1k为单体电池在第k个计算周期的第二极化内阻，R2k为单体电池在第k个计算周期的第三极化内阻。In the formula, Q k is the battery heat generated by the single battery in the k-th calculation cycle, Q 1 is the unit electrochemical reaction heat, Φ k is the battery heat dissipation of the single battery in the k-th calculation cycle, and T k is the single battery. The battery temperature of the bulk battery in the kth calculation cycle, Tk +1 is the battery temperature of the single battery in the k+1th calculation cycle, Tm is the ambient temperature, and Rk is the single battery in the kth calculation cycle. The thermal resistance of the conduction process, R 1k is the second polarization internal resistance of the single cell in the kth calculation period, and R 2k is the third polarization internal resistance of the single cell in the kth calculation period.
进一步的，所述电动汽车的电池参数，包括：Further, the battery parameters of the electric vehicle include:
电动汽车的电池类型、电池组数、电池额定容量、电池额定电压、电池初始温度、电池初始SOC、电池最高允许充电电流、电池最高允许充电总电压和电池最高允许温度。Battery type, number of battery packs, battery rated capacity, battery rated voltage, battery initial temperature, battery initial SOC, battery maximum allowable charging current, battery maximum allowable total charging voltage and battery maximum allowable temperature.
进一步的，所述电动汽车在该电动汽车充电响应环境的模拟充电状态信息包括：电动汽车在模拟充电响应环境中的充电电流、充电电压和电池SOC。Further, the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle in the electric vehicle charging response environment includes: charging current, charging voltage and battery SOC of the electric vehicle in the simulated charging response environment.
在本发明的最佳实施例中，通过电动汽车的电池参数、BMS模拟技术以及电动汽车所连接的非车载充电桩的最大输出可以模拟电动汽车的充电响应，根据电动汽车参数的不同，可以模拟不同电动汽车类型和规格的电动汽车充电过程。In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the charging response of the electric vehicle can be simulated through the battery parameters of the electric vehicle, the BMS simulation technology and the maximum output of the off-board charging pile connected to the electric vehicle. EV charging process for different EV types and specifications.
具体的，所述步骤102，包括：Specifically, the step 102 includes:
步骤102-1.比较电动汽车的实际充电状态信息与电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息，获得第一比较结果；Step 102-1. Compare the actual state-of-charge information of the electric vehicle with the simulated state-of-charge information of the electric vehicle, and obtain a first comparison result;
步骤102-2.比较非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息，获得第二比较结果；Step 102-2. Compare the charging status information of the off-board charger with the battery charging requirement information of the electric vehicle, and obtain a second comparison result;
步骤102-3.当第一比较结果满足第一约束条件，且第二比较结果满足第二约束条件时，则对电动汽车发出充电故障预警；Step 102-3. When the first comparison result satisfies the first constraint condition and the second comparison result satisfies the second constraint condition, issue a charging fault warning to the electric vehicle;
其中，所述第一约束条件包括：电动汽车的实际充电状态信息与电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息的充电电流和充电电压的偏差值均小于2％，且电动汽车的实际充电状态信息与电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息的电池SOC的偏差值小于5％；Wherein, the first constraint condition includes: the deviation values of the charging current and charging voltage between the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle and the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle are both less than 2%, and the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle are both less than 2%. The deviation value of the battery SOC of the simulated state of charge information is less than 5%;
所述第二约束条件包括：非车载充电机的充电状态信息中充电电流和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息的充电电流需求的偏差值小于2％，且非车载充电机的充电状态信息中充电电压和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息中充电电压需求的偏差值小于2％。The second constraint condition includes: the deviation value of the charging current in the charging state information of the off-board charger and the charging current requirement of the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle is less than 2%, and the charging voltage in the charging state information of the off-board charger is less than 2%. The deviation value of the charging voltage demand in the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle is less than 2%.
在本发明的最佳实施例中，通过比较充电状态信息偏差值可以识别包括BMS功能失效在内的10余种故障类型。In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, more than 10 fault types including BMS function failure can be identified by comparing the deviation value of the state of charge information.
在本发明的最佳实施例中，利用CAN总线监听技术，解析充电过程中非车载充电机和电动汽车的电池管理系统(BMS)的CAN通信报文，实时获取非车载充电机和电动汽车的充电状态信息以及电动汽车的充电需求信息，将电动汽车模拟充电状态信息与电动汽车的充电状态信息进行对比，同时将非车载充电机的充电状态信息与电动汽车的充电需求信息进行对比，来判断充电过程是否正常。如果电动汽车模拟的充电状态信息中电压、电流与实际充电状态中的电池电压、电流的差异均小于2％，电动汽车模拟的充电状态信息中电池SOC与实际充电状态中电池SOC的差异小于5％，同时，非车载充电机的充电电压、电流与电动汽车的充电电压需求、电流需求的差异小于2％，则说明充电过程正常，否则说明充电过程有误，对差异信息进行具体解析，可以明确充电故障信息，进而实现充电故障预警。In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the CAN bus monitoring technology is used to analyze the CAN communication messages of the off-board charger and the battery management system (BMS) of the electric vehicle during the charging process, and obtain real-time data of the off-board charger and the electric vehicle. The charging status information and the charging demand information of the electric vehicle are compared, and the charging status information of the electric vehicle is compared with the charging status information of the electric vehicle, and the charging status information of the off-board charger is compared with the charging demand information of the electric vehicle to judge. Whether the charging process is normal. If the difference between the voltage and current in the state of charge information simulated by the electric vehicle and the battery voltage and current in the actual state of charge are all less than 2%, the difference between the battery SOC in the state of charge information simulated by the electric vehicle and the battery SOC in the actual state of charge is less than 5% %, at the same time, if the difference between the charging voltage and current of the off-board charger and the charging voltage and current demand of the electric vehicle is less than 2%, it means that the charging process is normal; otherwise, the charging process is wrong. Clear charging fault information, and then realize charging fault warning.
本发明提供一种基于电池仿真的电动汽车充电故障预警系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：The present invention provides an electric vehicle charging fault warning system based on battery simulation, characterized in that the system includes:
监测模块，用于监测电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息；The monitoring module is used to monitor the actual charging status information of the electric vehicle, the charging status information of the off-board charger and the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle;
预警模块，用于基于电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息、电动汽车的电池充电需求信息以及电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息，对电动汽车进行充电故障预警。The early warning module is used to warn the electric vehicle of charging faults based on the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle, the charging state information of the off-board charger, the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle and the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle.
具体的，所述监测模块，包括：Specifically, the monitoring module includes:
接收单元，用于利用CAN总线监听技术监测非车载充电机与电动汽车BMS在通讯过程中的BCS报文、CCS报文和BCL报文；The receiving unit is used to monitor the BCS message, CCS message and BCL message in the communication process between the off-board charger and the electric vehicle BMS by using the CAN bus monitoring technology;
解析单元，用于分别对非车载充电机与电动汽车BMS在通讯过程中的BCS报文、CCS报文和BCL报文进行解析，得到电动汽车的实际充电状态信息、非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息；The parsing unit is used to parse the BCS message, CCS message and BCL message in the communication process between the off-board charger and the BMS of the electric vehicle, and obtain the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle and the charging state of the off-board charger. information and battery charging requirements for electric vehicles;
其中，所述电动汽车的实际充电状态信息包括电动汽车在实际充电过程中的充电电流、充电电压和电池SOC；Wherein, the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle includes the charging current, charging voltage and battery SOC of the electric vehicle during the actual charging process;
所述非车载充电机的充电状态信息包括非车载充电机实际输出的充电电流和充电电压；The charging state information of the off-board charger includes the charging current and charging voltage actually output by the off-board charger;
所述电动汽车的电池充电需求信息包括电动汽车的电池充电电流需求和电池充电电压需求。The battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle includes the battery charging current demand and the battery charging voltage demand of the electric vehicle.
具体的，所述电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息的确定过程，包括：Specifically, the process of determining the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle includes:
利用电动汽车的电池参数和BMS模拟技术仿真电动汽车充电响应环境，获取电动汽车在该电动汽车充电响应环境的模拟充电状态信息。The battery parameters of the electric vehicle and the BMS simulation technology are used to simulate the charging response environment of the electric vehicle, and the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle in the charging response environment of the electric vehicle is obtained.
进一步的，所述电动汽车的电池参数，包括：Further, the battery parameters of the electric vehicle include:
电动汽车的电池类型、电池组数、电池额定容量、电池额定电压、电池初始温度、电池初始SOC、电池最高允许充电电流、电池最高允许充电总电压和电池最高允许温度。Battery type, number of battery packs, battery rated capacity, battery rated voltage, battery initial temperature, battery initial SOC, battery maximum allowable charging current, battery maximum allowable total charging voltage and battery maximum allowable temperature.
进一步的，所述电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息包括：电动汽车在模拟充电响应环境中的充电电流、充电电压和电池SOC。Further, the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle includes: charging current, charging voltage and battery SOC of the electric vehicle in the simulated charging response environment.
具体的，所述预警模块，包括：Specifically, the early warning module includes:
第一比较单元，用于比较电动汽车的实际充电状态信息与电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息，获得第一比较结果；a first comparison unit, configured to compare the actual state-of-charge information of the electric vehicle with the simulated state-of-charge information of the electric vehicle, and obtain a first comparison result;
第二比较单元，用于比较非车载充电机的充电状态信息和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息，获得第二比较结果；a second comparison unit, configured to compare the charging state information of the off-board charger with the battery charging requirement information of the electric vehicle, and obtain a second comparison result;
预警单元，用于当第一比较结果满足第一约束条件，且第二比较结果满足第二约束条件时，则对电动汽车发出充电故障预警；an early warning unit, configured to issue a charging fault warning to the electric vehicle when the first comparison result satisfies the first constraint condition and the second comparison result satisfies the second constraint condition;
其中，所述第一约束条件包括：电动汽车的实际充电状态信息与电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息的充电电流和充电电压的偏差值均小于2％，且电动汽车的实际充电状态信息与电动汽车的模拟充电状态信息的电池SOC的偏差值小于5％；Wherein, the first constraint condition includes: the deviation values of the charging current and charging voltage between the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle and the simulated charging state information of the electric vehicle are both less than 2%, and the actual charging state information of the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle are both less than 2%. The deviation value of the battery SOC of the simulated state of charge information is less than 5%;
所述第二约束条件包括：非车载充电机的充电状态信息中充电电流和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息的充电电流需求的偏差值小于2％，且非车载充电机的充电状态信息中充电电压和电动汽车的电池充电需求信息中充电电压需求的偏差值小于2％。The second constraint condition includes: the deviation value of the charging current in the charging state information of the off-board charger and the charging current requirement of the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle is less than 2%, and the charging voltage in the charging state information of the off-board charger is less than 2%. The deviation value of the charging voltage demand in the battery charging demand information of the electric vehicle is less than 2%.
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to the processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce Means for implementing the functions specified in a flow or flow of a flowchart and/or a block or blocks of a block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The apparatus implements the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process such that The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow or blocks of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Modifications or equivalent replacements are made to the specific embodiments of the present invention, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
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