CN109450006A - A kind of diagnosis of electric car charge fault and safety detecting system and method - Google Patents
A kind of diagnosis of electric car charge fault and safety detecting system and method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
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- H02J7/0085—
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- H02J7/0086—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of diagnosis of electric car charge fault and safety detecting system and methods.The system includes BMS, CAN line, VCU, Vehicular charger, direct-current charging post, alternating-current charging pile, battery, vehicle-mounted charge interface, charging interface, charging gun and charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system, and charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system include signal acquisition unit, national standard memory, processing unit, human-computer interaction interface and relay.Method are as follows: external charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system between vehicle-mounted charge interface and the charging interface of charging gun, it is connected by CAN line into charging system of electric powercar, by collecting the message information of the BMS of VCU acquisition and the communication message of direct-current charging post, alternating-current charging pile, and it is compared with electric vehicle charging national standard, there is end charging after the problem of overcurrent, over-voltage in the reason of determining charging failure, and charging.The present invention can greatly improve the safety of electric vehicle charging detection efficiency and charging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vehicle engineering field, especially a kind of electric car charge fault diagnosis and safety detection system
System and method.
Background technique
Electric car (Electric Vehicles, EV) specifically includes that pure electric automobile (Pure Electric
Vehicles, PEV), hybrid vehicle (Hybrid Electric Vehicles, HEV) and fuel cell car
(Fuel Cell Vehicles, FCV).With traditional combustion engine automobile (Internal Combustion Engine
Vehicles, ICEV) compare, either power source use middle transition form HEV, or completely replace conventional fuel oil
The PEV or FCV of energy form illustrate that the energy source of the dynamical system of electric car is changed with structure.And it is this
Changing makes electric car reduce or replace the dependence to conventional petroleum resource, and pure electric automobile is as a kind of zero emission vehicle
(Zero-emission Vehicles, ZEV), can efficiently inhibit problem of environmental pollution.Currently, urban transportation microbus is
As a part indispensable in daily life, and the travel route of car, mileage travelled and running time are opposite
Compare regular, night can be made full use of to charge the battery of pure electric coach, the energy for being not only advantageous to electric car is mended
It gives, is also beneficial to the peak valley balance of power grid, is reduced to maintain power grid low load operation and the expense that generates, meanwhile, also effective gram
Take that pure electric automobile battery charge time is long, and course continuation mileage is relatively short, the price of battery pack of carrying is relatively expensive to be lacked
Point.The development of pure electric coach for Modern City Traffic provide it is a kind of cleaning, efficiently, green trip mode, meanwhile,
New energy traffic technique is promoted in industry and popularization and application in commerial vehicle, realizes low-carbon emission or zero-emission.And
The charging link of electric car is the important support of Development of Electric Vehicles.
Currently, since charging national standard GB/T18487.1-2001 is in elementary step, agreement for the definition of charge protocol
It is interior to need clearly defined index of correlation indefinite, cause the charge protocol parameter used between different manufacturers to exist and enters and leaves.Make
The compatibility for obtaining charging device of electric automobile is not high, along with the difference of domestic and international charge protocol, leads to one including tesla
External matched charging pile can only be used by criticizing New Energy Sources vehicle.And at this stage, electric car usually passes through battery management system
The self-test of BMS or the safety of entire car controller detected to guarantee electric car charging process.Once there is self-test in BMS
Failure or entire car controller VCU are just easily lead to electronic because the processing of information causes judgement deviation occur on CAN line
Automobile batteries burns vehicle accident because overcharging generation.In addition, traditional charging pile and battery management system BMS will not all be quoted and be asked
Where topic, i.e., the key reason that cannot be communicated is at which.Whether vehicle enterprise or charger manufacturing enterprise all lack corresponding
Simple detection machine, cause electric vehicle charging problems phenomenon to take place frequently, for carry forward vigorously electric vehicle development produce no small resistance
Power.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of diagnosis of electric car charge fault and safety detecting system and methods, thus
Improve the safety of electric vehicle charging detection efficiency and charging.
Realize technical solution of the invention are as follows: a kind of diagnosis of electric car charge fault and safety detecting system, packet
Include BMS, CAN line, VCU, Vehicular charger, direct-current charging post, alternating-current charging pile, battery, vehicle-mounted charge interface, charging interface
And charging gun, which is characterized in that vehicle-mounted charge interface, charging gun charging interface between CAN line on connect charge fault
The message information that diagnosis and safety detecting system, charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system pass through the BMS of collection VCU acquisition
With the communication message of direct-current charging post, alternating-current charging pile, and with electric vehicle charging national standard compare: lead to if fitting like a glove
Verifying is crossed, allows to connect and charge；Otherwise it reports an error, does not allow to connect and charge, and determine that the information for the communication failure that causes to charge is former
Cause.
Further, the charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system include signal acquisition unit, national standard memory, place
Unit, human-computer interaction interface and relay are managed, the signal acquisition unit acquires vehicle-mounted charging interface electric signal and charging pile electricity
Signal is compared and judges with the national standard stored in national standard memory, when occurring inconsistent, carries out through the processing unit
Logic judgment, and the result of judgement is fed back by human-computer interaction interface onto interface: when mistake occurs in processing unit decision logic
It mistakes, shows that charge fault, relay are disconnected on human-computer interaction interface；When processing unit judgement is all gone well, relay
Device is connected.
Further, electric car charge mode is divided into DC charging mode and AC charging mode, in which:
DC charging mode
BMS, VCU, vehicle-mounted charge interface, charging interface, charging gun, charge fault diagnosis and safety are examined by CAN line
Examining system connects together, and carries out information transmitting, constitutes closed loop detecting and controlling system, and battery accesses BMS, and charging gun is filled with direct current
Electric stake connection；
AC charging mode
By CAN line by BMS, VCU, Vehicular charger, vehicle-mounted charge interface, charging interface, charging gun, charge fault
Diagnosis and safety detecting system connect together, and carry out information transmitting, constitute closed loop detecting and controlling system, and battery accesses BMS, fills
Electric rifle is connect with alternating-current charging pile.
A kind of diagnosis of electric car charge fault and safety detection method, comprising:
External charge fault diagnosis and safety detection system between vehicle-mounted charge interface and the charging interface of charging gun
System, is connected by CAN line into charging system of electric powercar；Charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system are adopted by collecting VCU
The communication message of the message information and direct-current charging post of the BMS of collection, alternating-current charging pile, and charge national standard ratio with electric vehicle
It is right: by verifying if fitting like a glove, to allow to connect and charge；Otherwise it reports an error, does not allow to connect and charge, and determination causes to charge
The information reason of communication failure.
Further, charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system include MCU control module, CAN interface,
Human-computer interaction module, low pressure supplementary module, high-voltage safety isolation module, High-Voltage Electrical Appliances control module, High-Voltage Electrical Appliances signal acquisition
Module, in which:
MCU control module receives control, national standard charging communication protocol analysis, high-voltage electric system prison for CAN bus
Control and human-computer interactive control；
CAN interface, the receipts using the bus transceiver based on BOSH CAN2.0B version, for CAN bus message
Send out work；
Human-computer interaction module, using LCD display, for showing charge each phase state information, charge fault information
And warning message；
Low pressure supplementary module, working power and connector interface part, using high pressure LDO linear stabilized power supply, by national standard
Charging gun A+ and A- draw input power, export as dual path isolation power supply, Ge is from electricity Ya≤DC4000V；
High-voltage safety isolation module, signal control is using digital optical coupling isolator, current sensor and voltage sensor mould
Quasi- signal uses analog isolation device；
High-Voltage Electrical Appliances control module is responsible for charging direct current DC+ and DC- power cable using Panasonic's high-voltage DC contactor
On-off；
High-Voltage Electrical Appliances signal acquisition module, DC voltage acquisition is using the series connection partial pressure acquisition of more resistance, DC current acquisition
DC current acquisition is realized using Hall sensor.
Further, charging process include 6 stages: physical connection complete, low pressure auxiliary power on, the handshake phase that charges,
Charge parameter configuration phase, charging stage and charging ending phase；Each stage, if charging pile and BMS are in the defined time
It does not inside receive other side's message or does not receive correct message, that is, be determined as time-out；After there is time-out, BMS or charging
Stake sends defined error message, and enters error handle state；
In electric car charging whole process, following 5 kinds of messages are shared:
The handshake phase 1. low pressure auxiliary powers on and charges
Charging handshake phase, which is divided into shaking hands, startup stage and shakes hands the identification stage, when direct-current charging post/vehicle-mounted charge stake and
After BMS physical connection is completed and powered on, low pressure accessory power supply is opened, startup stage sends handshake message into shaking hands, then carries out
Insulation monitoring；
Enter after Insulation monitoring and shake hands the identification stage, both sides send identification message, and determine battery and charging pile must
Want information；
Charging national standard is stored in MCU control module, when collecting the information of vehicle-mounted charge interface and charging pile,
Signal as start-up operation；National standard is sent into comparator according to timing, is compared with collected signal: if BMS is logical
The handshake for crossing vehicle-mounted charge interface does not issue at the appointed time, then built-in relay is not closed, and passes through human-computer interaction mould
Block issues the prompt of " charging failure, BMS shake hands unsuccessfully "；If Vehicular charger returns to the signal of BMS not at the appointed time
It issues, then relay is not closed, and the information of " charging fails, charger feeding back unsuccessful " is issued by human-computer interaction module；If
The handshake of BMS and the feedback signal of charging pile are issued according to the time of national regulations, then carry out next step judgement, i.e.,
Judge BMS handshake message and charging pile feedback message whether according to national standard format: if format comparison mistake,
The information of " charging failure, message compare failure " is issued by human-computer interaction module；If format comparison success, by man-machine
" success of shaking hands prepares the information of charging for interactive module sending；
2. charge parameter configuration phase
Charging pile sends the message of charging pile maximum output ability to BMS, and BMS sentences according to charging pile maximum output ability
It is disconnected whether to be able to carry out charging；
In this stage, the demand information of BMS is acquired, including charge requirement voltage, battery current electric quantity, battery cell are most
It is big to bear voltage, battery cell maximum receiving electric current；Charging pile charge information, including charging pile peak power output are acquired, is filled
Electric stake maximum output current, charging pile maximum output voltage, charging pile charging duration；
Compare the information of BMS and charging pile: if charge requirement information and the output information of charging pile do not correspond to, relay
Device is not closed, and passes through the information of human-computer interaction interface output " charging fails, and charging mismatches "；If the result compared is consistent
It closes, then relay is closed, and is passed through human-computer interaction interface output " matching is completed, and is waited and is entered next stage "；
3. the charging stage
In the entire charging stage, BMS in real time to charging pile send battery charge requirement, charging pile according to battery requirements come
Adjust charging voltage and charging current；
In charging process kind, charging pile and BMS mutually send respective charged state；BMS according to charging process whether just
Often, whether battery status, which reaches the end-of-charge condition of BMS setting themselves and whether receive charging pile, stops message to judge
Whether terminate to charge；For charging pile according to whether receiving stopping charging instruction, whether charging process is normal, reach and think to set
Fixed charging parameter value, or whether receive BMS and stop the message of charging to determine whether terminating charging；
In this stage, by acquiring BMS information and information of charging pile, Time comparison demand voltage and output electricity in real time
Pressure, whether demand power and output power match, if there is unmatched situation, then MCU control module actively cuts off relay
Device terminates charging process, and by the information of human-computer interaction interface output " charge fault stops in time ", and according to failure
Reason shows charge fault reason in human-computer interaction interface；
4. charge ending phase
After charging pile and BMS stop charging, both sides enter charging ending phase；It is sent in this stage BMS to charging pile
The charging statistical data of entire charging process, comprising: initial SOC, battery minimum voltage and ceiling voltage；Charging pile receives BMS
Charging statistical data after, send the output electricity of entire charging process kind, accumulative charging time information to BMS, finally stop
The output of low pressure supplementary module；
5. error message
In the entire charging stage, when BMS or charging pile detect the presence of mistake, error message is sent, suspension was charged
Journey.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage are as follows: (1) do not need to read battery management system by computer
BMS or the information for reading VCU, greatly reduce workload；(2) pass through outer between a vehicle and charging pile plus charging event
Barrier diagnosis and safety detecting system, add one of detection process, greatly improve the safety of electric car charging；(3) lead to
External charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system are crossed, cracking can detect communication failure reason for it；(4) it answers
With range is wide, good compatibility, the batteries of electric automobile of various producers and the charging problems of different charging piles are coped with, is had
Structure is simple, compact is light, the advantages of being convenient for carrying.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that electric vehicle installs DC charging mode after upper charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system additional and fills with exchanging
Power mode schematic diagram, wherein (a) is DC charging pattern diagram, it (b) is AC charging pattern diagram.
Fig. 2 is charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system major function schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that electric vehicle installs additional and charges normal timing diagram after upper charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system.
Specific embodiment
Electric car charge fault of the present invention diagnosis and safety detecting system, including BMS1, CAN line 2, VCU3, vehicle-mounted fill
Motor 4, direct-current charging post 5, alternating-current charging pile 6, battery 7, vehicle-mounted charge interface 8, charging interface 9 and charging gun 10, feature
Be, vehicle-mounted charge interface 8, charging gun 10 charging interface 9 between CAN line 2 on connection charge fault diagnosis and safety
Detection system 11, charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system 11 are by collecting the message information of the BMS1 of VCU3 acquisition and straight
Current charge stake 5, alternating-current charging pile 6 communication message, and with electric vehicle charging national standard compare: pass through if fitting like a glove
Verifying allows to connect and charge；Otherwise it reports an error, does not allow to connect and charge, and determine the information reason for the communication failure that causes to charge.
Further, the charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system 11 include signal acquisition unit 12, national standard storage
Device 13, processing unit 14, human-computer interaction interface 15 and relay 16, the signal acquisition unit 12 acquire vehicle-mounted charging interface 8
Electric signal and charging pile electric signal are compared and judge with the national standard stored in national standard memory 13, inconsistent when occurring
When, 14 logic judgment is carried out through the processing unit, and the result of judgement is fed back by human-computer interaction interface 15 onto interface:
When 14 decision logic of processing unit when the error occurs, show that charge fault, relay 16 do not connect on human-computer interaction interface 15
It is logical；When the judgement of processing unit 14 is all gone well, relay 16 is connected.
Further, electric car charge mode is divided into DC charging mode and AC charging mode, in which:
(1) DC charging mode
BMS1, VCU3, vehicle-mounted charge interface 8, charging interface 9, charging gun 10, charge fault are diagnosed by CAN line 2
And safety detecting system 11 connects together, and carries out information transmitting, constitutes closed loop detecting and controlling system, battery 7 accesses BMS1, fills
Electric rifle 10 is connect with direct-current charging post 5；
(2) AC charging mode
By CAN line 2 by BMS1, VCU3, Vehicular charger 4, vehicle-mounted charge interface 8, charging interface 9, charging gun 10,
Charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system 11 connect together, and carry out information transmitting, constitute closed loop detecting and controlling system, battery 7
BMS1 is accessed, charging gun 10 is connect with alternating-current charging pile 6.
Electric car charge fault diagnosis of the present invention and safety detection method, comprising:
External charge fault diagnosis and safety inspection between vehicle-mounted charge interface 8 and the charging interface 9 of charging gun 10
Examining system 11 is connected by CAN line into charging system of electric powercar；Charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system 11 pass through receipts
Collect the message information of the BMS1 of VCU3 acquisition and the communication message of direct-current charging post 5, alternating-current charging pile 6, and charges with electric vehicle
National standard compares: by verifying if fitting like a glove, allowing to connect and charge；Otherwise it reports an error, does not allow to connect and charge, and really
Surely lead to the information reason of charging communication failure.
Further, the charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system 11 connect including MCU control module, CAN bus
Mouth, human-computer interaction module, low pressure supplementary module, high-voltage safety isolation module, High-Voltage Electrical Appliances control module, High-Voltage Electrical Appliances signal
Acquisition module, in which:
MCU control module receives control, national standard charging communication protocol analysis, high-voltage electric system prison for CAN bus
Control and human-computer interactive control；
CAN interface, the receipts using the bus transceiver based on BOSH CAN2.0B version, for CAN bus message
Send out work；
Human-computer interaction module, using LCD display, for showing charge each phase state information, charge fault information
And warning message；
Low pressure supplementary module, working power and connector interface part, using high pressure LDO linear stabilized power supply, by national standard
Charging gun A+ and A- draw input power, export as dual path isolation power supply, Ge is from electricity Ya≤DC4000V；
High-voltage safety isolation module, signal control is using digital optical coupling isolator, current sensor and voltage sensor mould
Quasi- signal uses analog isolation device；
High-Voltage Electrical Appliances control module is responsible for charging direct current DC+ and DC- power cable using Panasonic's high-voltage DC contactor
On-off；
High-Voltage Electrical Appliances signal acquisition module, DC voltage acquisition is using the series connection partial pressure acquisition of more resistance, DC current acquisition
DC current acquisition is realized using Hall sensor.
Further, charging process include 6 stages: physical connection complete, low pressure auxiliary power on, the handshake phase that charges,
Charge parameter configuration phase, charging stage and charging ending phase；Each stage, if charging pile and BMS are in the defined time
It does not inside receive other side's message or does not receive correct message, that is, be determined as time-out；After there is time-out, BMS or charging
Stake sends defined error message, and enters error handle state；
In electric car charging whole process, following 5 kinds of messages are shared:
The handshake phase 1. low pressure auxiliary powers on and charges
Charging handshake phase, which is divided into shaking hands, startup stage and shakes hands the identification stage, when direct-current charging post/vehicle-mounted charge stake and
After BMS physical connection is completed and powered on, low pressure accessory power supply is opened, startup stage sends handshake message into shaking hands, then carries out
Insulation monitoring；
Enter after Insulation monitoring and shake hands the identification stage, both sides send identification message, and determine battery and charging pile must
Want information；
Charging national standard is stored in MCU control module, when collecting the information of vehicle-mounted charge interface and charging pile,
Signal as start-up operation；National standard is sent into comparator according to timing, is compared with collected signal: if BMS is logical
The handshake for crossing vehicle-mounted charge interface does not issue at the appointed time, then built-in relay is not closed, and passes through human-computer interaction mould
Block issues the prompt of " charging failure, BMS shake hands unsuccessfully "；If Vehicular charger returns to the signal of BMS not at the appointed time
It issues, then relay is not closed, and the information of " charging fails, charger feeding back unsuccessful " is issued by human-computer interaction module；If
The handshake of BMS and the feedback signal of charging pile are issued according to the time of national regulations, then carry out next step judgement, i.e.,
Judge BMS handshake message and charging pile feedback message whether according to national standard format: if format comparison mistake,
The information of " charging failure, message compare failure " is issued by human-computer interaction module；If format comparison success, by man-machine
" success of shaking hands prepares the information of charging for interactive module sending；
2. charge parameter configuration phase
Charging pile sends the message of charging pile maximum output ability to BMS, and BMS sentences according to charging pile maximum output ability
It is disconnected whether to be able to carry out charging；
In this stage, the demand information of BMS is acquired, including charge requirement voltage, battery current electric quantity, battery cell are most
It is big to bear voltage, battery cell maximum receiving electric current；Charging pile charge information, including charging pile peak power output are acquired, is filled
Electric stake maximum output current, charging pile maximum output voltage, charging pile charging duration；
Compare the information of BMS and charging pile: if charge requirement information and the output information of charging pile do not correspond to, relay
Device is not closed, and passes through the information of human-computer interaction interface output " charging fails, and charging mismatches "；If the result compared is consistent
It closes, then relay is closed, and is passed through human-computer interaction interface output " matching is completed, and is waited and is entered next stage "；
3. the charging stage
In the entire charging stage, BMS in real time to charging pile send battery charge requirement, charging pile according to battery requirements come
Adjust charging voltage and charging current；
In charging process kind, charging pile and BMS mutually send respective charged state；BMS according to charging process whether just
Often, whether battery status, which reaches the end-of-charge condition of BMS setting themselves and whether receive charging pile, stops message to judge
Whether terminate to charge；For charging pile according to whether receiving stopping charging instruction, whether charging process is normal, reach and think to set
Fixed charging parameter value, or whether receive BMS and stop the message of charging to determine whether terminating charging；
In this stage, by acquiring BMS information and information of charging pile, Time comparison demand voltage and output electricity in real time
Pressure, whether demand power and output power match, if there is unmatched situation, then MCU control module actively cuts off relay
Device terminates charging process, and by the information of human-computer interaction interface output " charge fault stops in time ", and according to failure
Reason shows charge fault reason in human-computer interaction interface；
4. charge ending phase
After charging pile and BMS stop charging, both sides enter charging ending phase；It is sent in this stage BMS to charging pile
The charging statistical data of entire charging process, comprising: initial SOC, battery minimum voltage and ceiling voltage；Charging pile receives BMS
Charging statistical data after, send the output electricity of entire charging process kind, accumulative charging time information to BMS, finally stop
The output of low pressure supplementary module；
5. error message
In the entire charging stage, when BMS or charging pile detect the presence of mistake, error message is sent, suspension was charged
Journey.
The present invention is described in further details with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Technical solution of the present invention specific implementation is as follows:
In conjunction with Fig. 1, external charge fault diagnosis and safety detection system between vehicle-mounted charge interface and charging interface
System, by charging, CAN line is connected into charging system of electric powercar.By the message for collecting the BMS of entire car controller VCU acquisition
The communication message of information and direct-current charging post, alternating-current charging pile, and compared with electric vehicle charging national standard: if it is kissed completely
It closes, then by verifying, allows its connection charging；Otherwise, fault diagnosis module reports an error, and quickly determining leads to the communication failure that charges
Information reason.
The diagnosis of electric vehicle charge fault and safety monitoring system are by being based in insertion electric vehicle DC charging physical connection
National standard GB/T27930-2015 and GB/T18487-2015 protocol contents make the failure occurred in electric vehicle charging process
Diagnosis, failure reason analysis and display.There is charging security monitoring ability to charge when electric vehicle being prevented to charge out of control simultaneously, keeps away
Exempt from uncontrollable charging.
The diagnosis of electric vehicle charge fault and safety monitoring system are according to its major function of the description in plan explanation such as the following table 1
It is shown.
1 functional analysis table of table
The diagnosis of electric vehicle charge fault and safety monitoring system functional analysis described according to table 1, major function principle
Block diagram design is as shown in Figure 2.
Modules function is as follows:
1, MCU control module: this module is charge fault diagnosis and safety monitoring system nucleus module, is mainly responsible for and examines
Disconnected safety monitoring system CAN bus receives control, national standard charging communication protocol analysis, high-voltage electric system monitoring and man-machine friendship
Mutually control.Main control chip select Freescale company be based on ARM cortex M0+32bitMCU, this built-in chip type DSP and
32bit hardware multiplier has high speed processing ability, and is authenticated by AEC-100/200 automotive grade；
2, CAN interface: using the bus transceiver based on BOSH CAN2.0B version, and major function is CAN bus
The transmitting-receiving work of message；
3, human-computer interaction module: human-computer interaction module is LCD display, and major function is each stage shape of display charging
State information, charge fault information and warning message；
4, low pressure supplementary module: low pressure supplementary module major function is working power and connector interface part, using height
LDO linear stabilized power supply is pressed, input power is drawn by national standard charging gun A+ and A-, is exported as dual path isolation power supply, isolation voltage
≧DC4000V；
5, high-voltage safety isolation module: signal control is using digital optical coupling isolator, current sensor and voltage sensor
Analog signal uses analog isolation device；
6, High-Voltage Electrical Appliances control module: High-Voltage Electrical Appliances control is mainly responsible for the logical of charging direct current DC+ and DC- power cable
It is disconnected, using Panasonic's high-voltage DC contactor；
7, High-Voltage Electrical Appliances signal acquisition module: DC voltage acquisition is realized with a low cost using the series connection partial pressure acquisition of more resistance.
DC current acquisition realizes DC current acquisition using Hall sensor；
Timing is charged normal as shown in figure 3, control strategy design is as follows:
Electric vehicle DC charging flow and communication follow national standard GB/T18487-2015 and GB/T27930-2015 standard it
Regulation, entire charging flow includes 6 stages, respectively shown in table 2: entire charging process include: physical connection complete,
Low pressure auxiliary power on, the handshake phase that charge, charge parameter configuration phase, the charging stage and charge ending phase.In each rank
Section, if charger and BMS do not receive other side's message before the deadline or do not receive correct message, that is, sentences
It is set to time-out (time-out refers to the complete data packet or correct data packet for not receiving other side at the appointed time), time out event removes
It is 5s outside particular provisions.After there is time-out, BMS or charger send defined error message, and enter error handle
State.
In electric car charging whole process, following 5 kinds of messages are shared:
1, low pressure assists the handshake phase that powers on and charge
Charging handshake phase, which is divided into shaking hands, startup stage and shakes hands the identification stage, when charger and BMS physical connection are completed
And after powering on, low pressure accessory power supply is opened, startup stage sends handshake message into shaking hands, then carries out Insulation monitoring.Insulation inspection
Enter after survey and shake hands the identification stage, both sides send identification message, determine the necessary information of battery and charger.CHM message
It is the compatible newly-increased message of product with BHM message, judges that both sides use for the concept for the hand starting stage weight that is in one's hands and with BMS
Just quasi- version.The visible GB/T18487.1 of detailed charging timing.Charging national standard is stored in MCU control system, letter is worked as
When breath acquisition module collects the information of vehicle-mounted charge interface and charging pile, the signal started to work as it.By national standard according to
Timing is sent into comparator, is compared with the collected signal of information acquisition module.If BMS passes through vehicle-mounted charge interface
Handshake does not issue at the appointed time, then built-in relay is not closed.By human-computer interaction interface issue " charging failure,
BMS shakes hands unsuccessfully " prompt.If the signal that Vehicular charger returns to BMS does not issue at the appointed time, relay is not
Closure issues " charging failure, charger feeding back unsuccessful by human-computer interaction interface." information.If the handshake of BMS and
The feedback signal of charger is issued according to the time of national regulations, then carries out next step judgement, that is, judge the report of shaking hands of BMS
Text and charging pile feedback message whether according to national standard format, if format comparison mistake.Then pass through human-computer interaction interface
Issue the information of " charging failure, message compare failure "；If format comparison success " is shaken hands by human-computer interaction interface sending
Success prepares the information of charging.
2, charge parameter configuration phase
After the completion of the handshake phase that charges, charger and BMS enter charge parameter configuration phase.In this stage, charger to
BMS sends the message of charger maximum output ability, and BMS judges whether to be able to carry out according to charger maximum output ability to be filled
Electricity.In this stage, acquire the demand information of BMS by information acquisition unit, including charge requirement voltage, battery current electric quantity,
Battery cell maximum bears voltage, battery cell maximum bears the information such as electric current；Acquire charging pile charge information, including charging
Stake peak power output, charging pile maximum output current, the information such as charging pile maximum output voltage, charging pile charging duration.And
The information of BMS and charging pile are compared, if charge requirement information and the output information of charging pile do not correspond to, for example charging pile is most
Big output voltage is not able to satisfy the maximum voltage of battery, then relay is not closed, and passes through human-computer interaction interface output " charging
The information of failure, charging mismatch ".If the result compared is wanted to meet, relay closure is exported by human-computer interaction interface
" matching is completed, and is waited and is entered next stage ".
3, the charging stage
After the completion of the charge arrangement stage, charger and BMS enter the charging stage.In the entire charging stage, BMS in real time to
Charger sends battery charge requirement, and charger adjusts charging voltage according to battery requirements and charging current one guarantees charging
Process is normally carried out.In charging process kind, charger and BMS mutually send respective charged state.In addition to this, BMS root
According to require to charger send the information such as power accumulator particular state information and voltage, temperature.BMV, BMT, BSP are optional
Report, charger do not carry out message time-out judgement to it.Whether BMS is normal according to charging process, and whether battery status reaches
The end-of-charge condition of BMS setting themselves and whether receive charger stop message (including specifically stop reason, message ginseng
Numerical value is all 0 and insincere state) to determine whether terminating charging；Charger charges according to whether receive stopping charging instruction
Whether process normal, whether reaches the charging parameter value for thinking setting, or whether receive BMS stop charging message (including
Specific suspension reason, message parameter value are all 0 and insincere state) to determine whether terminating charging.In this stage, pass through
Information acquisition module acquires BMS information and information of charging pile, Time comparison demand voltage and output voltage, demand power in real time
Whether matched with output power.If there is unmatched situation, then it is possible that will appear battery overcurrent or under-voltage fault, this
Shi Jixu charging is danger close.So MCU active block system relay terminates charging process.And it is defeated by human-computer interaction interface
The information of " charge fault stops in time " out, and charge fault reason is shown in human-computer interaction interface according to the reason of failure.
4, charge ending phase
After charger and BMS stop charging, both sides enter charging ending phase.It is sent in this stage BMS to charger
The charging statistical data of entire charging process, comprising: initial SOC, battery minimum voltage and ceiling voltage；Charger receives BMS
Charging statistical data after, send the information such as the output electricity of entire charging process kind, accumulative charging time to BMS, finally stop
The only output of low pressure accessory power supply.
5, error message
In the entire charging stage, when BMS or charger detect the presence of mistake, error message is sent, suspension was charged
Journey.Charging flow stage and function are as shown in table 2.
In traditional electric car charging process, after BMS detects failure, according to fault degree, selection is (dynamic in BSM
Power accumulator status information) charge information is provided in message or BST (BSM stops charging) message, it is that charger is shut down, enters
Processing mode b)；Or BSM message kind SPN2090~SPN3095 is set to 00 (battery status is normal), and SPN3096 is set
For 00 (forbidding charging), make charger pause output electric current, BMS and charger carry out normal communication at this time, until waiting BMS
After SPN3096 was 01 (allowing to charge) in the BSM message of transmission, charger electric current is re-enabled to export, if the waiting time is super
10min is crossed, charger stops charging, and saves suspension charging reasons.When charger detects charge fault, send immediately
CST (charger stops charging) order, while charger is shut down, and CAN communication, the switches such as cutting K1, K2, K3, K4, root are stopped
Enter corresponding processing mode according to fault type.When charger self-test is to Failure elimination, is shaken hands and distinguished by charger initiation again
The connection in knowledge stage, charges.If connection 3 times still failed, according to processing mode b), need operator to check and work as
Preceding situation simultaneously plugs charge connector again, and trial is charged again.When in charging process occur grid power blackout failure, even if one
It powers after the section time and restores automatically, it is also desirable to be recharged after manual intervention.As it can be seen that in traditional mode, when connection, only has
BMS and charger twice self-test, when charging, only have the interim detection of BMS, and the ability for detecting abnormal current and voltage is weaker.
Once there is error in judgement in BMS, it is easy to cause batteries of electric automobile to overcharge and generate electric car and burn vehicle accident.And pass through
It manually adds between BMS and charger and detects together, with greatly improving charging system stability and safety.From biography
In the electric vehicle charging process of system it is not difficult to find that after physical connection, it is confirmed whether have low pressure auxiliary to power on rank before charging
Section, charging handshake phase and charge parameter configuration phase.It is specifically to go out in which that traditional charging self-checking is difficult discovery in stage
Existing problem, and the safety detecting system that diagnoses and charge by electric car charge fault will soon determine specific failure rank
Section.
2 charging flow stage of table and function
To sum up, electric car charge fault diagnosis of the present invention and charging safety detecting system, realize electric car charging
Fault diagnosis and charging safety detection, relative to traditional detection battery BMS, detection AC and DC charger to determine charging event
Barrier problem improves the problem of confirmation electric car charge fault difficulty, by detecting batteries of electric automobile monomer voltage, electricity
Stream and battery status are accomplished to encounter abnormal actively cutting.Electric car charging safety problem is improved, is solved from electronic
Vehicle leads to the problem of burning vehicle because of over-charging of battery.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of diagnosis of electric car charge fault and safety detecting system, which is characterized in that including BMS (1), CAN line (2),
VCU (3), Vehicular charger (4), direct-current charging post (5), alternating-current charging pile (6), battery (7), vehicle-mounted charge interface (8), charging
Interface (9) and charging gun (10), which is characterized in that vehicle-mounted charge interface (8), charging gun (10) charging interface (9) between
CAN line (2) on connection charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system (11), charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system (11)
By collecting the message information of the BMS (1) of VCU (3) acquisition and the communication message of direct-current charging post (5), alternating-current charging pile (6),
And compared with electric vehicle charging national standard: by verifying if fitting like a glove, allowing to connect and charge；Otherwise it reports an error, does not allow
Connection charging, and determine the information reason for the communication failure that causes to charge.
2. electric car charge fault diagnosis according to claim 1 and safety detecting system, which is characterized in that described to fill
Electric fault diagnosis and safety detecting system (11) include signal acquisition unit (12), national standard memory (13), processing unit (14),
Human-computer interaction interface (15) and relay (16), the signal acquisition unit (12) acquire vehicle-mounted charging interface (8) electric signal and
Charging pile electric signal is compared and judges with the national standard stored in national standard memory (13), when occurring inconsistent, passes through place
It manages unit (14) and carries out logic judgment, and the result of judgement is fed back by human-computer interaction interface (15) onto interface: working as processing
Unit (14) decision logic when the error occurs, shows that charge fault, relay (16) are disconnected on human-computer interaction interface (15)；
When processing unit (14) judgement is all gone well, relay (16) is connected.
3. electric car charge fault diagnosis according to claim 1 or 2 and safety detecting system, which is characterized in that electricity
Electrical automobile charge mode is divided into DC charging mode and AC charging mode, in which:
(1) DC charging mode
It is by CAN line (2) that BMS (1), VCU (3), vehicle-mounted charge interface (8), charging interface (9), charging gun (10), charging is former
Barrier diagnosis and safety detecting system (11) connect together, and carry out information transmitting, constitute closed loop detecting and controlling system, and battery (7) connects
Enter BMS (1), charging gun (10) is connect with direct-current charging post (5)；
(2) AC charging mode
By CAN line (2) by BMS (1), VCU (3), Vehicular charger (4), vehicle-mounted charge interface (8), charging interface (9), fill
Electric rifle (10), charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system (11) connect together, and carry out information transmitting, constitute closed loop detection control
System, battery (7) access BMS (1), and charging gun (10) is connect with alternating-current charging pile (6).
4. a kind of electric car charge fault diagnosis and safety detection method characterized by comprising
External charge fault diagnosis and safety between vehicle-mounted charge interface (8) and the charging interface (9) of charging gun (10)
Detection system (11), is connected by CAN line into charging system of electric powercar；Charge fault diagnosis and safety detecting system (11) are logical
The message information of the BMS (1) of collection VCU (3) acquisition and the communication message of direct-current charging post (5), alternating-current charging pile (6) are crossed, and
It is compared with electric vehicle charging national standard: by verifying if fitting like a glove, allowing to connect and charge；Otherwise it reports an error, does not allow to connect
Charging is connect, and determines the information reason for the communication failure that causes to charge.
5. electric car charge fault diagnosis according to claim 4 and safety detection method, which is characterized in that described to fill
Electric fault diagnosis and safety detecting system (11) include MCU control module, CAN interface, human-computer interaction module, low pressure auxiliary
Module, high-voltage safety isolation module, High-Voltage Electrical Appliances control module, High-Voltage Electrical Appliances signal acquisition module, in which:
MCU control module receives control, national standard charging communication protocol analysis, high-voltage electric system monitoring and people for CAN bus
Machine interactive controlling；
CAN interface, the transmitting-receiving work using the bus transceiver based on BOSH CAN2.0B version, for CAN bus message
Make；
Human-computer interaction module, using LCD display, for showing charge each phase state information, charge fault information and report
Alert information；
Low pressure supplementary module, working power and connector interface part are charged using high pressure LDO linear stabilized power supply by national standard
Rifle A+ and A- draw input power, export as dual path isolation power supply, Ge is from electricity Ya≤DC4000V；
High-voltage safety isolation module, signal control is using digital optical coupling isolator, current sensor and voltage sensor simulation letter
Number use analog isolation device；
High-Voltage Electrical Appliances control module is responsible for the logical of charging direct current DC+ and DC- power cable using Panasonic's high-voltage DC contactor
It is disconnected；
High-Voltage Electrical Appliances signal acquisition module, DC voltage acquisition are used using the series connection partial pressure acquisition of more resistance, DC current acquisition
Hall sensor realizes DC current acquisition.
6. electric car charge fault diagnosis according to claim 5 and safety detection method, which is characterized in that charged
Journey includes 6 stages: physical connection is completed, low pressure auxiliary powers on, the handshake phase that charges, charge parameter configuration phase, charging rank
Section and charging ending phase；Each stage, if charging pile and BMS do not receive other side's message before the deadline or do not have
Correct message is received, that is, is determined as time-out；After there is time-out, BMS or charging pile send defined error message, go forward side by side
Enter error handle state；
In electric car charging whole process, following 5 kinds of messages are shared:
The handshake phase 1. low pressure auxiliary powers on and charges
Charging handshake phase, which is divided into shaking hands, startup stage and shakes hands the identification stage, when direct-current charging post/vehicle-mounted charge stake and BMS object
After reason connection is completed and powered on, low pressure accessory power supply is opened, startup stage sends handshake message into shaking hands, then carries out insulation inspection
It surveys；
Enter after Insulation monitoring and shake hands the identification stage, both sides send identification message, determine the necessary letter of battery and charging pile
Breath；
Charging national standard is stored in MCU control module, when collecting the information of vehicle-mounted charge interface and charging pile, as opening
The signal of beginning work；National standard is sent into comparator according to timing, is compared with collected signal: if BMS is by vehicle-mounted
The handshake of charging interface does not issue at the appointed time, then built-in relay is not closed, and is issued by human-computer interaction module
The prompt of " charging failure, BMS shake hands unsuccessfully "；If the signal that Vehicular charger returns to BMS does not issue at the appointed time,
Relay is not closed, and the information of " charging fails, charger feeding back unsuccessful " is issued by human-computer interaction module；If BMS's shakes hands
The feedback signal of signal and charging pile is issued according to the time of national regulations, then carries out next step judgement, that is, judge holding for BMS
The feedback message of hand message and charging pile whether according to national standard format: if format comparison mistake, passes through human-computer interaction
Module issues the information of " charging failure, message compare failure "；If format comparison success, is issued by human-computer interaction module
" success of shaking hands prepares the information of charging；
2. charge parameter configuration phase
Charging pile sends the message of charging pile maximum output ability to BMS, and BMS judges whether according to charging pile maximum output ability
It is able to carry out charging；
In this stage, the demand information of BMS is acquired, including charge requirement voltage, battery current electric quantity, battery cell maximum are born
Voltage, battery cell maximum bear electric current；Charging pile charge information, including charging pile peak power output are acquired, charging pile is most
Big output electric current, charging pile maximum output voltage, charging pile charging duration；
Compare the information of BMS and charging pile: if charge requirement information and the output information of charging pile do not correspond to, relay is not closed
It closes, and passes through the information of human-computer interaction interface output " charging fails, and charging mismatches "；If the result compared is consistent, after
Electric appliance closure passes through human-computer interaction interface output " matching is completed, and is waited and is entered next stage "；
3. the charging stage
In the entire charging stage, BMS sends battery charge requirement to charging pile in real time, and charging pile is filled according to battery requirements to adjust
Piezoelectric voltage and charging current；
In charging process kind, charging pile and BMS mutually send respective charged state；Whether BMS is normal according to charging process, electricity
Whether pond state, which reaches the end-of-charge condition of BMS setting themselves and whether receive charging pile, stops message to determine whether knot
Beam charging；For charging pile according to whether receiving stopping charging instruction, whether charging process is normal, whether reaches the charging for thinking setting
Parameter value, or whether receive BMS and stop the message of charging to determine whether terminating charging；
In this stage, it by acquiring BMS information and information of charging pile, Time comparison demand voltage and output voltage in real time, needs
Ask whether power and output power match, if there is unmatched situation, then MCU control module active block system relay, knot
Beam charging process, and by the information of human-computer interaction interface output " charge fault, stop in time ", and according to the reason of failure
Human-computer interaction interface shows charge fault reason；
4. charge ending phase
After charging pile and BMS stop charging, both sides enter charging ending phase；It is sent entirely in this stage BMS to charging pile
The charging statistical data of charging process, comprising: initial SOC, battery minimum voltage and ceiling voltage；Charging pile receives filling for BMS
After electric statistical data, the output electricity of entire charging process kind is sent to BMS, adds up charging time information, finally stops low pressure
The output of supplementary module；
5. error message
In the entire charging stage, when BMS or charging pile detect the presence of mistake, error message is sent, charging process is stopped.
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