CN111707386A - Dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure testing structure device - Google Patents

Dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure testing structure device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111707386A
CN111707386A CN202010596656.XA CN202010596656A CN111707386A CN 111707386 A CN111707386 A CN 111707386A CN 202010596656 A CN202010596656 A CN 202010596656A CN 111707386 A CN111707386 A CN 111707386A
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China
Prior art keywords
main shaft
pressure
bearing
temperature
dynamic
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CN202010596656.XA
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CN111707386B (en
Inventor
迟玉伦
江欢
黎万波
李栋
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Shanghai Machine Tool Factory Co Ltd
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Shanghai Machine Tool Factory Co Ltd
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
    • G01K7/18—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
    • G01L19/0092—Pressure sensor associated with other sensors, e.g. for measuring acceleration or temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L9/00—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means

Abstract

The invention relates to a temperature and dynamic pressure test structure device for a dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing, which comprises a temperature test structure, a pressure test structure and a main shaft box transmission structure, wherein a main shaft box shell is connected with a dynamic and static pressure main shaft through a front static pressure bearing and a rear static pressure bearing, the temperature test structure consists of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft, the static pressure bearing and a temperature sensor, at least one temperature sensor is arranged in the static pressure bearing along the radial direction, the temperature sensor is used for acquiring temperature change signals of the static pressure bearing in the running process of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft, the pressure test structure consists of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft, the static pressure bearing, a main shaft box shell and the pressure sensor, a plurality of pressure sensors are uniformly distributed in the static pressure bearing along the radial direction, the pressure sensors are communicated with an oil cavity of the static pressure bearing and are used for acquiring the pressure value of an oil body under the working condition And (6) detecting accurately.

Description

Dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure testing structure device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing testing device, in particular to a device capable of detecting the temperature and dynamic pressure of a dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing.
Background
With the development of machine manufacturing towards intellectualization and high precision, the precision and automation requirements of machine manufacturing equipment are higher and higher under the background. Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of development trend, the requirements of mechanical manufacturing equipment on the machining precision, the assembly relation, the working performance, the manufacturability and the like of the components of the mechanical manufacturing equipment are higher and higher. Meanwhile, the use number of bearing parts with high quality, high precision and good manufacturability are increased in various occasions, and the production and processing of the shaft parts with high quality also determine the machining quality and the manufacturing industry level. Among machined parts, rotary parts such as spindles and bearings are increasingly used. During the working process of the parts, because the parts need to maintain higher rotating speed and bear higher load, the influence of the stability of the performance of the parts on the machining precision is important. Therefore, the performance parameters of the parts need to be tested, and data support is provided for workers to judge the performance of the parts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure testing structure device, which adopts the installation of a sensor to combine the structural characteristics of a dynamic and static pressure main shaft and a bearing to carry out testing structure design, and can realize the accurate detection of the temperature and the oil body pressure of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing under the dynamic condition by utilizing the sensor and a data acquisition card. The temperature and pressure test structure in the device has the requirements of standardization, flexibility and precision of modern mechanical equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a temperature and dynamic pressure test structure device for a dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing comprises a temperature test structure, a pressure test structure and a main shaft box transmission structure, wherein the main shaft box transmission structure is provided with a front static pressure bearing, a rear static pressure bearing, a dynamic and static pressure main shaft and a main shaft box shell, the main shaft box shell is connected with the dynamic and static pressure main shaft through the front static pressure bearing and the rear static pressure bearing, the temperature test structure consists of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft, the static pressure bearing and a temperature sensor, at least one temperature sensor is arranged in the static pressure bearing along the radial direction, the temperature sensor collects temperature change signals of the static pressure bearing in the running process of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft, the pressure test structure consists of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft, the static pressure bearing, the main shaft box shell and the pressure sensor, a plurality of pressure sensors, the method comprises the steps of collecting the pressure value of an oil body under the working condition of the hydrostatic bearing, and realizing accurate detection of the temperature and the oil body pressure of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing through a data acquisition card by the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.
Furthermore, the pressure sensor is connected with a threaded hole at the installation position of the pressure sensor on a bearing bush of the hydrostatic bearing through threads.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor is connected with a threaded hole at the installation position of the temperature sensor on the bearing bush of the hydrostatic bearing through threads.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged on a bearing bush of the hydrostatic bearing at a certain interval along the axial direction.
Furthermore, power lines and data lines of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively connected with an external power supply and a data processor through holes of the main shaft box shell.
Furthermore, the pressure sensor outputs an analog voltage signal corresponding to the pressure signal through an internal circuit of the sensor, the analog voltage signal is directly used as an input signal of the data acquisition card, and the data processor calculates the actual pressure through a preset algorithm according to the magnitude of the analog voltage signal.
Furthermore, the through hole of the main shaft box shell corresponds to a threaded hole in the mounting position of the temperature sensor on the bearing bush and a threaded hole in the mounting position of the pressure sensor.
Further, the temperature sensor is a platinum resistance temperature sensor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention mainly carries out test structure design by combining the installation requirements of the sensor with the structural characteristics of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft and the bearing. The test structure device mainly comprises a temperature test structure, a pressure test structure and a data transmission structure. The device can realize accurate detection of the temperature and the oil body pressure of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing under the dynamic condition by utilizing a sensor and a data acquisition card. The temperature and pressure test structure in the device has the requirements of standardization, flexibility and precision of modern mechanical equipment. The invention relates to a structure device for testing the temperature and dynamic pressure of a hybrid main shaft bearing, and the structure and the use mode can be changed according to production and processing requirements and technical requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hybrid spindle bearing temperature and dynamic pressure testing device;
FIG. 2 is a view of the spindle head drive configuration;
FIG. 3 is a radial schematic view of the test apparatus configuration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic axial view of a pressure sensor mounting;
fig. 5 is a schematic axial view of a platinum resistance temperature sensor mounting.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in figure 1, the testing structure device for the temperature and the dynamic and static pressure of the main shaft bearing comprises three parts: temperature test structure 1, pressure test structure 2, headstock transmission structure 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the transmission structure of the spindle box comprises a motor 23, a coupler 25, a motor belt pulley 24, a transmission belt 26, a spindle belt pulley 6, a hexagon nut 4, a conical washer 5, a rear end cover 7, a rear end hydrostatic bearing 8, a front end hydrostatic bearing 10, an adjusting washer 11, an end face bearing 13, a screw 14, a dynamic and static pressure spindle 9, a spindle box shell 12, a grinding wheel inner ring 19, a grinding wheel outer ring 18 and a grinding wheel end cover 17.
The power is output from the motor 23, transmitted to the motor pulley 24 through the excessive fit of the coupling 25 and the motor pulley 24, and transmitted throughThe transmission belt 26 is transmitted to a main shaft belt wheel 6 at the rear end of the main shaft, the main shaft belt wheel and the main shaft are in interference fit so as to transmit power, and the belt wheel is positioned and locked by the cooperation of the conical washer 5 and the hexagon nut 4. The power passes through the main spindle box 12, the front end of the main spindle is in interference fit with the grinding wheel inner ring 19, the conical washer 16 is matched with the hexagonal nut 15 for positioning and locking, and the power is transmitted to the grinding wheel for grinding. The main spindle box part is mainly characterized in that the front end of a shaft is provided with threads which are matched with a hexagonal nut 15 and positioned by a conical washer 16. An oil return groove is processed on the main shaft at the installation position of the front end cover 27, so that the circulation of an internal oil circuit is facilitated, the front end cover 27 is in contact with the end face bearing 13, and the end face bearing can bear axial force so as to reduce the axial movement error of the main shaft. An adjusting washer 11 is arranged between the end face bearing 13 and the hydrostatic bearing, and a certain gap is reserved between the adjusting washer 11 and the hydrostatic bearing 10 at the front end and is used for adding oil sealing agent to prevent oil leakage of the hydrostatic bearing 10. The machining depth of the bearing bush of the hydrostatic bearing is L1Ma threaded hole 29 and depth L2And an Mb threaded hole 30 for mounting the pressure sensor 20. Axial distance Ma on the bearing shell, threaded bore 29L3The Mc screw hole 34 is formed as a mounting hole of the platinum resistance temperature sensor 21. The back end of the main shaft is provided with a hydrostatic bearing 8, the hydrostatic bearing 8 is contacted with a back end cover 7, the back end part is provided with a processed thread which is matched with the hexagonal nut 4, and the conical washer 5 is positioned. The main shaft box shell 12 is provided with a phi a through hole 28 and a phi b through hole 35 according to the machining positions of the Ma threaded hole and the Mc threaded hole, so that the sensor can conveniently extend out of the main shaft box to transmit signals. The dynamic and static pressure main shaft 9 adopts a front end positioning mode in an end positioning supporting mode.
Temperature test structure: the temperature test structure mainly selects and installs the temperature sensor, and as shown in fig. 3, the temperature test structure comprises a dynamic and static pressure main shaft 9, a static pressure bearing 8, a main spindle box shell 12, a platinum resistor temperature sensor 21, an Mc threaded hole 34 and a phi b through hole 35.
The temperature test structure mainly utilizes the platinum resistance temperature sensor 21 to complete the signal acquisition of the temperature change of the hydrostatic bearing in the running process of the hydrostatic main shaft 9, see fig. 5, the design process mainly considers the sensitive position of the temperature change of the bearing during working, the temperature acquisition is carried out on the position, and the accuracy of the result is improved. The mounting structure of the sensor must be selected to the type of sensor, and the platinum resistance temperature sensor 21 is selected in combination with the use characteristics of the device. The series platinum resistance temperature sensor is mainly used for measuring the surface and internal temperature of metal equipment, and can also be used for measuring the temperature of a bearing and a bearing bush by lengthening the thread of the sensor. The sensor is simple and convenient to mount and stable in performance. According to the technical parameters of the installation of the sensor, an Mc threaded hole 34 is machined in a bearing bush of the hydrostatic bearing, and the sensor is installed on the bearing bush through threads. Considering that the installation of the sensor can not influence the original working performance of the bearing, the threaded hole can not penetrate through the bearing bush and extend into the oil cavity, and the design requires that the threaded hole and the oil cavity ensure a proper gap.
Pressure test structure: the pressure test structure device mainly comprises the selection and installation of a pressure sensor, as shown in fig. 4, the components of the pressure test structure comprise a dynamic and static pressure main shaft 9, a static pressure bearing 8, a main spindle box shell 12, a pressure sensor 22, a phi a through hole 28 and a Ma threaded hole 29; mb threaded holes 30; hydrostatic bearing oil chamber 31.
The pressure test structure mainly realizes that the pressure sensor 20 is utilized to collect the pressure value of the oil body under the working condition of the hydrostatic bearing. The design of the test structure mainly comprises a pressure sensor 20 and a hydrostatic bearing 8. The type selection of the sensor considers the pressure of the oil body under the measuring working condition, and the original performance of the bearing and the original pressure of the oil body are not influenced in the measuring process. The test structure is required to be capable of maintaining pressure and not leaking hydraulic oil of the bearing in the working process. In conjunction with the above requirements, the sensor selects pressure transmitter 20. The pressure sensor 20 can output an analog voltage signal corresponding to the pressure signal from the pressure signal detected by the sensor through an internal circuit of the sensor. The output voltage signal can be directly used as the input signal of the data acquisition card, and the software calculates the actual pressure by simulating the voltage signal according to a preset algorithm. The pressure transmitter has a unique pressure maintaining structure, and the depth of the front section of each oil cavity is L according to the technical parameters of the pressure transmitter and the structural characteristics of the bearing1Has a rear section depth of L2The double-thread structure of the threaded hole of the Mb can allow the pressure sensor to directly extend into the oil body without influencing the pressure maintaining structureOil body pressure.
The device has the function of measuring the dynamic pressure and the temperature of the bearing under the working condition of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft 9 and mainly comprises dynamic pressure measurement and temperature measurement. For the dynamic pressure measuring device, the single pressure sensor mounting structure is the threaded holes of the upper section Ma thread 29 and the lower end Mb thread 30, and the mounting position is the bearing outer ring of the static pressure bearing 8. Before measurement, threaded holes of an upper section Ma thread 29 and a lower end Mb thread 30 are processed on a bearing outer ring of the hydrostatic bearing, and the depth of the threaded holes directly penetrates through the hydrostatic bearing outer ring and extends into a hydrostatic bearing oil cavity 31. The number of the pressure sensors 20 required is determined according to the number of the oil cavities 31 of the hydrostatic bearing 8, and each oil cavity corresponds to one pressure sensor, and the device uses eight pressure sensors 20 and two hydrostatic bearings. Wherein the size of the Ma, Mb thread specifications is determined according to the technical parameters of the pressure sensor 20. For the temperature measuring device, because the temperature sensor 21 does not have a double-thread pressure maintaining structure, the temperature sensor 21 cannot directly extend into the oil chamber 31 to measure the temperature of the oil body. The mounting structure of the single temperature sensor 21 is a threaded hole 34 of the Mc. The mounting hole is located at a suitable axial distance from the pressure sensor mounting hole. The threaded hole is processed from the outer ring of the hydrostatic bearing to the oil cavity, the depth of the threaded hole and the oil cavity ensure a proper gap, and the smaller the gap, the more reliable the measured temperature is. A hydrostatic bearing 8 is provided with a temperature sensor 21, and the device has two parts. Both the temperature sensor 21 and the pressure sensor 20 need an external power supply for supplying energy, so that a phi a through hole 28 needs to be machined in the spindle box shell aiming at the position of a mounting hole of the pressure sensor 20; for the temperature sensor, a phi b through hole 35 needs to be processed in the main spindle box shell and used for wiring of the sensor.
Measuring dynamic pressure: after the pressure sensor 20 is installed, a three-wire common-cathode wiring method is adopted, and an external power supply supplies power to the sensor. And starting the power motor 23, starting the dynamic and static pressure main shaft 9 to normally work, and outputting a corresponding analog voltage value by the sensor according to a detected pressure signal when the establishment of a pressure oil film in the oil cavity 31 of the static pressure bearing is finished when the certain rotating speed is reached, and obtaining a pressure detection value according to the voltage value.
And (3) measuring the temperature of the bearing: after the platinum resistance temperature sensor 21 is installed, a 24V external direct current stabilized power supply is used for supplying power to the sensor, the resistance of platinum metal in the sensor can be changed according to the change of the external temperature, the change is a determined functional relation, and the measured temperature value can be obtained through the output current of the sensor.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a hybrid main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure test structure device, includes temperature test structure, pressure test structure, headstock transmission structure has preceding, rear end hydrostatic bearing, hybrid main shaft, headstock casing, connect the hybrid main shaft through preceding, rear end hydrostatic bearing in the headstock casing, its characterized in that: the temperature test structure comprises a dynamic and static pressure main shaft, a hydrostatic bearing and a temperature sensor, wherein at least one temperature sensor is installed in the hydrostatic bearing along the radial direction, the temperature sensor collects temperature change signals of the hydrostatic bearing in the running process of the dynamic and static pressure main shaft, the pressure test structure comprises the dynamic and static pressure main shaft, the hydrostatic bearing, a main shaft box shell and a pressure sensor, a plurality of pressure sensors are uniformly distributed in the hydrostatic bearing along the radial direction, the pressure sensors are communicated with an oil cavity of the hydrostatic bearing and collect pressure values of oil under the working condition of the hydrostatic bearing, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor realize accurate detection of the temperature and the pressure of the oil under the dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing through a data acquisition card.
2. The hybrid main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure test structure device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure sensor is connected with a threaded hole at the installation position of the pressure sensor on a bearing bush of the hydrostatic bearing through threads.
3. The hybrid main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure test structure device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the temperature sensor is connected with a threaded hole at the mounting position of the temperature sensor on a bearing bush of the hydrostatic bearing through threads.
4. The hybrid main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure test structure device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged on a bearing bush of the hydrostatic bearing at a certain interval along the axial direction.
5. The hybrid main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure test structure device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and power lines and data lines of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively connected with an external power supply and a data processor through holes of the main shaft box shell.
6. The hybrid main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure test structure device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the pressure sensor outputs an analog voltage signal corresponding to the pressure signal through an internal circuit of the sensor, the analog voltage signal is directly used as an input signal of the data acquisition card, and the data processor calculates the actual pressure through a preset algorithm according to the magnitude of the analog voltage signal.
7. The hybrid main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure test structure device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the through hole of the main shaft box shell corresponds to a threaded hole in the mounting position of the temperature sensor and a threaded hole in the mounting position of the pressure sensor on the bearing bush.
8. The hybrid main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure test structure device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature sensor is a platinum resistance temperature sensor.
CN202010596656.XA 2020-06-28 2020-06-28 Dynamic and static pressure main shaft bearing temperature and dynamic pressure testing structure device Active CN111707386B (en)

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CN111707386B CN111707386B (en) 2022-07-29

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102189277A (en) * 2011-04-27 2011-09-21 天津大学 Dynamic and static pressure main shaft device
CN102778313A (en) * 2012-06-02 2012-11-14 上海大学 Device for testing dynamic friction torque of precise micro rolling bearing
CN103543011A (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-01-29 华中科技大学 Static-pressure bearing test stand
CN204639151U (en) * 2015-03-23 2015-09-16 杭州晨日机械制造有限公司 A kind of Dynamic-static pressure main shaft device
CN109282918A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-01-29 北京工业大学 A kind of device of on-line checking hydraulic static spindle real time temperature
CN209606085U (en) * 2019-04-28 2019-11-08 环驰轴承集团有限公司 Frictional Moment for Rolling Bearings testing machine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102189277A (en) * 2011-04-27 2011-09-21 天津大学 Dynamic and static pressure main shaft device
CN102778313A (en) * 2012-06-02 2012-11-14 上海大学 Device for testing dynamic friction torque of precise micro rolling bearing
CN103543011A (en) * 2013-10-11 2014-01-29 华中科技大学 Static-pressure bearing test stand
CN204639151U (en) * 2015-03-23 2015-09-16 杭州晨日机械制造有限公司 A kind of Dynamic-static pressure main shaft device
CN109282918A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-01-29 北京工业大学 A kind of device of on-line checking hydraulic static spindle real time temperature
CN209606085U (en) * 2019-04-28 2019-11-08 环驰轴承集团有限公司 Frictional Moment for Rolling Bearings testing machine

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