CN111705856B - Numerical analysis-based foundation pit settlement monitoring system and prediction method - Google Patents
Numerical analysis-based foundation pit settlement monitoring system and prediction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111705856B CN111705856B CN202010840251.6A CN202010840251A CN111705856B CN 111705856 B CN111705856 B CN 111705856B CN 202010840251 A CN202010840251 A CN 202010840251A CN 111705856 B CN111705856 B CN 111705856B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/10—Miscellaneous comprising sensor means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
- G06F2111/10—Numerical modelling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
Abstract
The invention relates to a foundation pit settlement monitoring system and a prediction method based on numerical analysis, the foundation pit settlement monitoring system based on numerical analysis adopts a foundation pit settlement monitoring system comprising various sensors such as a micro-electromechanical sensor and the like, the construction process is simple, the method is feasible, the data values such as the inclination angle and the like measured by the micro-electromechanical sensor are converted into the displacement change inside the foundation pit, the accurate monitoring of the foundation pit displacement is realized, and the method is more convenient, rapid and efficient compared with the traditional monitoring means. The foundation pit settlement prediction method based on numerical analysis combines an inversion algorithm into a conventional finite element data processing method, can accurately reflect data parameters which are consistent with the actual conditions of each stage of the foundation pit according to data measured on site by using the inversion algorithm, and can obtain parameters and models which are consistent with the actual conditions of the engineering through inversion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit settlement monitoring, in particular to a foundation pit settlement monitoring system and a prediction method based on numerical analysis.
Background
In the prior art, a large amount of manpower is consumed by a conventional foundation pit settlement monitoring means, and the data acquisition period, the data acquisition precision, the analysis and processing mechanism and the management method are far from being suitable for scientific management and decision-making requirements. With the requirement of the deep foundation pit on full-period monitoring, the engineering of the deep and large foundation pits is increasing day by day, and more new generation of sensing, transmission and monitoring data processing technologies are promoted to be researched and applied in the engineering of the foundation pits; the popularization and application of the stable, mature and reliable electronic information technology in civil engineering provides a powerful technical basis for the automatic monitoring of the foundation pit. The current roadbed settlement monitoring method mainly comprises a monitoring pile method, a settlement plate method, a settlement cup method, a layered settlement method, a profile settlement instrument, a satellite radar interference method and the like.
The monitoring system generally has certain application defects and shortcomings, the monitoring pile method can only measure surface settlement, cannot obtain settlement inside a roadbed, influences filling construction, and cannot realize automatic detection and remote monitoring by adopting a manual reading mode; the settlement plates are easy to damage in the soil layer and difficult to repair, and are mostly measured in a single point, and the mutual influence is large during multi-point measurement; the sinking cup method has high requirement on burying the pipe, is complex in actual operation and is not suitable for cold areas; the layered settlement method has large interference on the filling construction, reduces the water quantity caused by evaporation or leakage, influences the measurement precision and has high use cost; the precision of the profile settlement meter is easily influenced by the external environment, the precision is better only by testing under the condition of good weather, the meter is heavy and inconvenient to carry, more personnel are needed for testing, and the displacement of a certain point cannot be measured independently; the satellite radar interference method is easily influenced by obstacles and weather, and the precision is difficult to meet the requirement on the high-speed railway roadbed settlement monitoring.
In addition, many methods mainly adopted for foundation pit settlement prediction at present mainly include finite element analysis based on a soil constitutive model, corresponding analysis based on input values and output values, experimental empirical analysis and the like, but for the basic form of a settlement curve, sufficient research has been carried out for a long time, and parameter values of the settlement curve need to be determined. For the determination of parameters, there are three methods: theoretical methods, experimental methods and parametric inversion methods. The theoretical method carries out theoretical solution according to the mechanical theory and the properties of the soil body, but certain assumptions are made in the calculation process, and the assumptions are often not in accordance with the actual engineering, so the mechanical parameters of the foundation soil cannot be correctly expressed by theoretical analysis. The test method is generally selected from indoor geotechnical test results or determined by field in-situ test, and the test results cannot comprehensively reflect the properties of the foundation soil body due to the fact that soil samples are disturbed, the test method is imperfect and the in-situ test site is affected by artificial subjective factors. The parameter inversion analysis method is to calculate and analyze the mechanical parameters of the foundation soil body by applying an inversion theory according to data actually measured on a foundation pit engineering construction site, so that the mechanical parameters are closer to the actual mechanical properties of the soil body and used as the basis of engineering design to carry out forward analysis deformation prediction, and the method gradually becomes the hotspot of current research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a foundation pit settlement monitoring system which is easy to maintain, economical, durable, high in measurement precision and suitable for numerical analysis, and provides a foundation pit settlement prediction method based on numerical analysis by integrating a parameter inversion algorithm into the existing finite element calculation model so as to obtain more accurate monitoring data and more accurate prediction results.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a foundation pit settlement monitoring system based on numerical analysis, comprising: the device comprises a signal acquisition module, a frequency band setting module, a period decomposition module and a control module;
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring data signals;
the frequency band setting module is connected with the signal acquisition module, receives the vibration signal and the inclination angle signal output by the signal acquisition module, and converts the received signals;
the period decomposition module is connected with the frequency band setting module, and decomposes the vibration signal output by the frequency band setting module into monitoring signals required by different frequency periods;
the control module is connected with the modules respectively and is used for receiving each signal and converting and processing each signal.
Furthermore, the monitoring system comprises a plurality of monitoring points, the monitoring points are connected with each other through connecting rods, and the signal acquisition module is located in the middle of each connecting rod.
Furthermore, the signal acquisition module is a micro-electromechanical sensor and an inclination angle sensor, the micro-electromechanical sensor receives vibration signals from different directions, and the inclination angle sensor acquires the earth surface inclination angle at the monitoring point.
Furthermore, the micro-electromechanical sensors are respectively arranged at the foundation pit of the detection point in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.
Furthermore, the data are collected by the micro-electromechanical sensor to obtain one or more data of displacement, stress change, sedimentation, water level and water pressure.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a foundation pit settlement prediction method based on numerical analysis, which uses the monitoring data obtained by the monitoring system as described above to perform prediction, including the following steps:
acquiring foundation pit settlement data monitored in the monitoring system, screening the measured various foundation pit settlement data according to actual conditions on site, and removing abnormal data;
establishing a finite element calculation model of a monitoring point, and selecting known parameters and parameters to be inverted required by the model calculation;
inserting a parameter inversion algorithm into the finite element calculation model;
and combining the parameter inversion algorithm with the finite element calculation model to carry out iterative calculation, stopping the calculation if the target function meets the calculation convergence precision requirement, wherein the parameter obtained by inversion is the required foundation pit settlement parameter, and substituting the parameter obtained by inversion into the finite element calculation model again to carry out calculation so as to predict the settlement deformation of the foundation pit.
Furthermore, the robustness verification of the model is realized by analyzing the number of the monitoring points and the signal-to-noise ratio of data.
Further, a finite element model is established based at least on the soil layer thickness and the compressive modulus of the foundation pit.
Furthermore, according to the finite element calculation result, combining with other monitoring data, the inserted parameter inversion algorithm is utilized to invert the main compression modulus parameters of each soil layer of the foundation pit.
Further, the inversion algorithm comprises:
combining the selected parameters to be inverted to serve as input variables of a multi-output vector machine, taking the calculated value of the compression modulus as an output variable, and carrying out sample training;
after the sample training is finished, verifying the robustness of the model and determining the number of monitoring points participating in inversion;
and calculating a compression modulus value by adopting a trained multi-output vector machine so as to predict the settlement deformation of the foundation pit.
In summary, the invention provides a foundation pit settlement monitoring system and a prediction method based on numerical analysis, and the foundation pit settlement monitoring system based on numerical analysis provided by the invention adopts a foundation pit settlement monitoring system comprising various sensors such as micro-electromechanical sensors and the like, is simple in construction process and feasible in method, realizes accurate measurement of each data required by the foundation pit settlement prediction method, and is more convenient, quicker and more efficient compared with the traditional monitoring means; the foundation pit settlement prediction method based on numerical analysis combines an inversion algorithm into a conventional finite element data processing method, can accurately reflect data parameters which are consistent with the actual conditions of each stage of the foundation pit according to data measured on site by using the inversion algorithm, and can obtain parameters and models which are consistent with the actual conditions of the engineering through inversion.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the monitoring system of the invention has simple construction process and feasible method. Data values such as the inclination angle measured by the micro-electromechanical sensor are converted into displacement changes inside the foundation pit, accurate monitoring of foundation pit displacement is achieved, and the method is more convenient, rapid and efficient compared with the traditional monitoring means.
(2) The invention adopts the micro-electromechanical sensor to realize the data monitoring of the foundation pit settlement, and compared with the conventional sensor, the size of the sensor is much smaller, and the miniaturization design of the foundation pit settlement monitoring system can be realized.
(3) The invention utilizes the monitored displacement value to invert and obtain the basic parameter characteristic value of foundation pit settlement, and the result of finite element numerical calculation approaches to the real monitoring value, thereby determining the optimal solution of undetermined parameters and obtaining more accurate prediction result.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a foundation pit settlement monitoring system based on numerical analysis.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the foundation pit settlement prediction method based on numerical analysis according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of an inversion algorithm in the method for predicting pit subsidence based on numerical analysis according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
The following is a detailed description of the technical solution of the present invention, and a first aspect of the present invention provides a foundation pit settlement monitoring system based on numerical analysis, a schematic structural diagram of the monitoring system is shown in fig. 1, where the monitoring system includes: the device comprises a signal acquisition module, a frequency band setting module, a period decomposition module and a control module. The signal acquisition module comprises sensors including a micro-electromechanical sensor and a micro-electromechanical tilt sensor. Wherein, the micro-electro-mechanical sensor is used for collecting vibration signals from different directions, including vibration wave signals from X, Y, Z in three directions. The micro-electro-mechanical tilt angle sensor is used for acquiring a ground surface tilt angle at a monitoring point. The measurement principle of the micro-electro-mechanical tilt sensor is to measure the tilt angle of a target object in a non-contact manner through the earth gravity. In essence, the tilt sensor measures acceleration, particularly gravitational acceleration, and therefore has integrated therein an acceleration sensing chip. When the microelectronic connecting and disconnecting inclination angle sensor is arranged, a plurality of monitoring points are arranged in the monitoring system and are connected with each other through connecting rods, and the signal acquisition module is located in the middle of each connecting rod. Each connecting rod can rotate in a relative inclined mode along with the settlement of the foundation pit soil body, and the micro-electro-mechanical inclination angle sensors fixed in the connecting rods measure the change of the inclination angle of each connecting rod in real time, so that the earth surface inclination angle of each monitoring point is obtained. The micro-electromechanical sensors are respectively transversely and longitudinally arranged at the foundation pit of the monitoring point to acquire vibration wave signals from different directions. Through the arrangement and measurement of the sensors, one or more data of displacement, stress change, sedimentation, water level and water pressure can be obtained through the data collected by the micro-electromechanical sensors.
The frequency band setting module is connected with the signal acquisition module, receives the vibration signal and the inclination angle signal output by the signal acquisition module, and converts the received signals. Further, the frequency band setting module may further process signals required for monitoring each frequency band to obtain a vibration detection result of the frequency band. The period decomposition module is connected with the frequency band setting module, and decomposes the vibration signal output by the frequency band setting module into a required frequency signal or other signals. The control module is connected with the modules respectively and is used for receiving each signal and converting and processing each signal. Through the arrangement of the monitoring system, each data signal required by foundation pit settlement prediction can be obtained, so that data support is provided for next foundation pit settlement prediction.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for predicting foundation pit settlement based on numerical analysis is provided, a flowchart of the method is shown in fig. 2, and the method includes the following specific implementation steps:
and acquiring foundation pit settlement data monitored in the monitoring system, screening the measured various foundation pit settlement data according to the actual situation on site, and rejecting abnormal data. And the obviously abnormal data is removed, so that the prediction result is more accurate. Establishing a finite element calculation model of the monitoring point, and selecting known parameters and parameters to be inverted required by the model calculation. In the step of establishing the finite element calculation model, a finite element calculation analysis software ABAQUS can be adopted to establish the finite element model, and the main steps comprise: selecting a proper model size; determining the materials and parameters of a foundation pit soil body, a foundation pit support structure and a support; and establishing a finite element model of the foundation pit by using large finite element calculation analysis software ABAQUS. And establishing a finite element model at least based on the soil layer thickness and the compression modulus of the foundation pit.
In order to improve the accuracy of finite element numerical calculation, a parameter inversion algorithm is inserted into the finite element calculation model, and according to the finite element calculation result, the inserted parameter inversion algorithm is used for inverting the compression modulus main parameters of each soil layer of the foundation pit by combining with other monitoring data. The steps of the parameter inversion algorithm are shown in fig. 3, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
and combining the selected parameters to be inverted to serve as input variables of the multi-output correlation vector machine, and taking the settlement calculation values as output variables to perform sample training. Generally, more important parameters in the foundation pit settlement prediction are selected for inversion, such as displacement calculation value, compression modulus, compression coefficient, compression index and the like. At present, the parameters are generally obtained by adopting an indoor side limit compression test curve, but a certain difference exists between a calculation result and a final total settlement calculated by actually measured settlement data, and the difference is caused by ideal assumptions of a calculation theory and a calculation method on one hand; on the other hand, the method is more mainly caused by incorrect values of the calculation parameters. And analyzing relevant parameters of foundation pit settlement by adopting an inversion algorithm so as to enable the parameters to be closer to the actual conditions of the monitoring points.
After the sample training is completed, the robustness of the model is verified, and the number of monitoring points participating in the inversion is determined. The robustness verification of the model can be realized by analyzing the number of the monitoring points and the signal-to-noise ratio of data. In one embodiment of the invention, a multi-output correlation vector machine is adopted for parameter inversion, a series of possible combinations of parameters are generated according to an orthogonal test, compression modulus values at different monitoring points of a foundation pit are obtained by adopting a finite element method, different soil layer thickness parameter combinations are used as input, and the corresponding compression modulus values are used as output of a model to train the multi-output correlation vector machine model so as to simulate a complex relation between the compression modulus of the foundation pit and the input soil layer thickness parameters. And calculating the compression modulus by adopting a trained multi-output vector machine so as to further predict the settlement deformation of the foundation pit.
And finally, combining the parameter inversion algorithm with the finite element calculation model to carry out iterative calculation, stopping the calculation if the target function meets the calculation convergence precision requirement, wherein the parameter obtained by inversion is the required foundation pit settlement parameter, and substituting the parameter obtained by inversion into the finite element calculation model again to carry out calculation so as to predict the settlement deformation of the foundation pit.
In summary, the invention provides a foundation pit settlement monitoring system and a prediction method based on numerical analysis, the foundation pit settlement monitoring system based on numerical analysis provided by the invention adopts a foundation pit settlement monitoring system comprising various sensors such as micro-electromechanical sensors, and the like, the monitoring system has simple construction process and feasible method, the data values such as the inclination angle and the like measured by the micro-electromechanical sensors are converted into the displacement change in the foundation pit, the accurate monitoring of the foundation pit displacement is realized, and the method is more convenient, rapid and efficient compared with the traditional monitoring means; the adopted micro-electromechanical sensors realize data monitoring of foundation pit settlement, and compared with conventional sensors, the size of the sensors is much smaller, so that the miniaturization design of a foundation pit settlement monitoring system can be realized; on the other hand, accurate measurement of all data required by the foundation pit settlement prediction method is achieved, and compared with the traditional monitoring means, the method is more convenient, quicker and more efficient. According to the foundation pit settlement prediction method based on numerical analysis provided by the invention, an inversion algorithm is combined into a conventional finite element data processing method, and data parameters which are consistent with the actual conditions of each stage of the foundation pit can be accurately reflected by using the inversion algorithm according to data measured on site, so that parameters and models which are consistent with the actual conditions of engineering can be obtained through inversion. In the prediction method, the monitored displacement value is used for carrying out inversion to obtain the basic parameter characteristic value of foundation pit settlement, and the result of finite element numerical calculation approaches to the real monitored value, so that the optimal solution of the undetermined parameter is determined, and a more accurate prediction result is obtained.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
Claims (2)
1. A foundation pit settlement prediction method based on numerical analysis adopts monitoring data obtained by a foundation pit settlement monitoring system based on numerical analysis to perform prediction, and is characterized in that the monitoring system comprises: the device comprises a signal acquisition module, a frequency band setting module, a period decomposition module and a control module;
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring data signals; the signal acquisition module is a micro-electromechanical sensor and a tilt sensor, the micro-electromechanical sensor receives vibration signals from different directions, and the signal acquisition module comprises: displacement, stress variation, sedimentation, water level and water pressure; the inclination angle sensor acquires the earth surface inclination angle at the monitoring point; the micro-electromechanical sensors are respectively transversely and longitudinally arranged at the foundation pit of the monitoring point;
the frequency band setting module is connected with the signal acquisition module, receives the vibration signal and the inclination angle signal output by the signal acquisition module, and converts the received signals;
the period decomposition module is connected with the frequency band setting module, and decomposes the vibration signal output by the frequency band setting module into monitoring signals required by different frequency periods;
the control module is connected with the modules respectively and is used for receiving the acquired data signals, the converted signals and the decomposed signals, and converting and processing the signals; the monitoring system comprises a plurality of monitoring points, the monitoring points are connected with one another through connecting rods, and the signal acquisition module is positioned in the middle of each connecting rod;
the prediction method comprises the following steps:
acquiring foundation pit settlement data monitored in the monitoring system, screening the measured various foundation pit settlement data according to actual conditions on site, and removing abnormal data;
establishing a finite element calculation model of a monitoring point based on the soil thickness and the compression modulus of the foundation pit, and selecting known parameters and parameters to be inverted required by the model calculation;
inserting a parameter inversion algorithm in the finite element computation model, comprising:
combining the selected parameters to be inverted to serve as input variables of a multi-output vector machine, and taking the compression modulus values as output variables to perform sample training; after the sample training is finished, verifying the robustness of the model by analyzing the number of the monitoring points and the signal-to-noise ratio of data, and determining the number of the monitoring points participating in inversion; calculating a compression modulus value by adopting a trained multi-output vector machine so as to predict the settlement deformation of the foundation pit;
and combining the parameter inversion algorithm with the finite element calculation model to carry out iterative calculation, stopping the calculation if the target function meets the calculation convergence precision requirement, wherein the parameter obtained by inversion is the required foundation pit settlement parameter, and substituting the parameter obtained by inversion into the finite element calculation model again to carry out calculation so as to predict the settlement deformation of the foundation pit.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the inserted parameter inversion algorithm is used to invert the major compression modulus parameters of each soil layer of the pit according to the finite element calculation results.
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| CN112177062A (en) * | 2020-09-26 | 2021-01-05 | 福建省华实建设工程有限公司 | Remote intelligent monitoring system and monitoring method for building foundation pit |
| CN114485580A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-05-13 | 罗曦明 | Underground region subsides and slope on-line monitoring system |
| CN112647547A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-04-13 | 李金芳 | Method for monitoring multiple fields of deep underground foundation pit |
| CN115495958B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-05-26 | 上海交通大学 | Combined recognition method for bearing force and shafting parameters of ship propeller |
| CN116226958B (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-11-24 | 同济大学 | Maintenance strategy optimization method for longitudinal settling tank of rail transit tunnel |
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