CN111705778A

CN111705778A - Gas explosion equipment

Info

Publication number: CN111705778A
Application number: CN202010569318.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴慧明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-06-20
Filing date: 2020-06-20
Publication date: 2020-09-25
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-20
Also published as: CN111705778B

Abstract

A gas explosion device comprises a drilling device, a gas explosion device, a pneumatic pump, a gas pipeline, a rotary joint and a connecting sleeve; the drilling equipment comprises a drill rod, a mechanical portal frame, a drill rod driving device and a lifter; the rotary joint is connected to the mechanical portal; the drill rod is a hollow drill rod, a pore passage which is communicated up and down is arranged in the hollow drill rod, and a first threaded connector is arranged at the lower end part of the hollow drill rod; the connecting sleeve is provided with a sleeve cabin which is communicated up and down, and the upper end of the sleeve cabin is provided with a threaded connector II; the threaded interface II at the upper end of the connecting sleeve is in threaded connection with the threaded interface I of the drill rod, and the lower end of the connecting sleeve is connected with the gas explosion device; the gas outlet of the pneumatic pump is connected with a gas pipeline, the output end of the gas pipeline is in threaded connection with one end of the rotary joint, the other end of the rotary joint is in threaded connection with the drill rod, and the gas pipeline, the rotary joint, the hollow drill rod and the connecting sleeve are communicated with each other to form a high-pressure gas conveying channel of the gas explosion device. The horizontal channel is provided from shallow to deep in the soil body of the soft soil foundation by adopting the gas explosion method, and the drainage consolidation speed of the soil body is accelerated.

Description

Gas explosion equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a gas explosion device, which is used for rapidly generating a drainage channel by continuously exploding high-pressure gas and processing a soft soil area foundation in a tamping way.

Background

Soft soil is mostly distributed in the east, south and coastal areas in China, and along with the production development and the increasing population density of the human society, more and more soft soil can be used as a building foundation. The soft soil has the characteristics of high natural water content, large natural pore ratio, high compressibility, low shearing strength, small consolidation coefficient, long consolidation time, high sensitivity, large disturbance, poor water permeability, complex layered distribution of soil layers, large difference of physical and mechanical properties among layers and the like, the soft soil needs to be treated by a foundation before being used as an engineering construction land, the common preloading or vacuum preloading drainage consolidation method needs long construction period, deep soil does not drain water, and the post-construction settlement is large; at present, mine resources are increasingly reduced, strict control is carried out in China, and materials such as pond slag, broken stones and the like adopted by surcharge preloading are valuable and have no market; when drainage channels such as plastic drainage plates are added, the drainage channels are often clogged, so that the drainage is difficult and the effect is not good. The foundation treatment by adopting the dynamic compaction method in the saturated soft soil foundation is a common method and is a construction technology with higher efficiency, but the method has the main problems that when the compaction treatment is carried out by adopting larger compaction energy, rubber soil is easy to generate, the compaction effect is poor and the treatment depth is limited because pore water pressure in the soft soil foundation is accumulated and a drainage channel is lacked.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides gas explosion equipment, which solves the technical problems of difficult drainage caused by silt blockage in saturated soft soil foundation treatment in the prior art, particularly the technical problems of difficult drainage and limited treatment depth caused by lack of a drainage channel, easy generation of rubber soil, poor ramming effect and the like.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a gas explosion device comprises a drilling device, a gas explosion device, a pneumatic pump, a gas pipeline, a rotary joint and a connecting sleeve; the drilling equipment comprises a drill rod, a mechanical portal frame, a drill rod driving device and a lifter; the rotary joint is connected to the mechanical door frame; the drill rod (22) is a hollow drill rod, a pore canal which is communicated up and down is arranged in the drill rod, and a first threaded connector (221) is arranged at the lower end part of the drill rod; the connecting sleeve (16) is provided with a sleeve cabin which is communicated up and down, and the upper end of the sleeve cabin is provided with a second threaded connector (161); the threaded interface II (161) at the upper end of the connecting sleeve is in threaded connection with the threaded interface I (221) of the drill rod (22), and the lower end of the connecting sleeve is connected with the gas explosion device (3); the gas outlet of the pneumatic pump (4) is connected with a gas pipeline (25), the output end of the gas pipeline is in threaded connection with one end of the rotary joint (24), the other end of the rotary joint (24) is in threaded connection with the drill rod (22), and the gas pipeline, the rotary joint, the hollow drill rod and the connecting sleeve are communicated with one another to form a high-pressure gas conveying channel of the gas explosion device.

The gas explosion device comprises a cylinder, and the cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel, a piston and a piston rod; the device is characterized in that the upper end of the cylinder barrel (10) is provided with a cylinder front cover (5), the lower end is provided with a cylinder rear cover (12), and the interior is provided with a cylinder middle ring (8); the cylinder front cover (5), the cylinder rear cover (12) and the cylinder middle ring (8) are respectively fixed with the cylinder barrel (10); in the cylinder barrel (10), a cavity between the cylinder front cover (5) and the cylinder middle ring (8) forms an air explosion cabin (19), and a cavity between the cylinder middle ring (8) and the cylinder rear cover (12) forms an energy storage cabin (23); the cylinder wall of the inner lower part of the gas explosion cabin (19) is provided with a gas explosion hole (7) which is communicated with the inside and the outside;

the pistons comprise a pilot piston (6) and an energy storage piston (9); the pilot piston (6) is positioned in a cavity of the gas explosion cabin (19) and moves up and down; the energy storage piston (9) is positioned in a cavity of the energy storage cabin and moves up and down; the top of the piston rod (17) is provided with a pneumatic cover (13), the piston rod sequentially penetrates through the cylinder front cover (5), the pilot piston (6), the cylinder middle ring (8) and the energy storage piston (9) from top to bottom from the center, and the bottom end of the piston rod is fixed with the energy storage piston; the piston rod is in sliding fit with the pilot piston (6) and the cylinder middle ring (8), and the energy storage piston (9) is in close fit with the piston rod;

a spring A (15) is arranged in the gas explosion cabin, a spring B (11) is arranged in the energy storage cabin, and the spring A and the spring B are both sleeved on the piston rod; the two ends of the spring A are arranged in corresponding guide holes respectively arranged at the lower end of the pilot piston (6) and the upper end of the cylinder middle ring, and the two ends of the spring A are propped against the pilot piston (6) and the cylinder middle ring; the upper end of the spring B is sleeved on a downward convex guide post arranged at the bottom of the energy storage piston, the lower end of the spring B is arranged in a corresponding rear cover guide hole arranged in the middle of the cylinder rear cover (12), and two ends of the spring B are propped against the energy storage piston and the cylinder rear cover (12); the rear cover guide hole (121) is a stepped through hole which is communicated up and down;

the air cylinder front cover is provided with a front cover air inlet hole (51) which is communicated up and down, the front cover air inlet hole is a stepped hole, the piston rod penetrates through the front cover air inlet hole, and an air channel gap (511) is reserved between the front cover air inlet hole and the piston rod; the air pressure cover (13) can be hermetically matched with the upper end of the air inlet hole of the front cover; the pilot piston (6) is provided with a pilot piston air hole (61) which is communicated up and down, the cylinder middle ring is provided with a middle ring air hole (81) which is communicated up and down, and the pilot piston air hole (61) is arranged corresponding to the middle ring air hole (81); the pilot piston air hole and the front cover air hole (51) are arranged in a staggered manner;

a connecting sleeve is fixed at the upper end of the cylinder barrel (10), the connecting sleeve is provided with a sleeve cabin (161) which is communicated up and down, the upper end of the piston rod (17) is arranged in the sleeve cabin to move up and down, and the upper end of the sleeve cabin is provided with a second threaded connector (162);

the piston is in sliding fit with the cylinder barrel, and the sleeve cabin is communicated with the cylinder barrel.

A sealing gasket (14) is arranged at the lower end of the air pressure cover (13), and the piston rod penetrates through the air pressure cover (13) and the sealing gasket (14) and then is limited and fixed through a stepped shaft end and a nut or a screw; the bottom end of the piston rod limits and fixes the energy storage piston through a stepped shaft end, a nut and a sealing gasket;

the connecting sleeve (16) is provided with a convex connecting flange (163) close to the outer wall of the lower end, the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder barrel are provided with flange connecting rings (101) which are inward in the radial direction, and the connecting flange, the flange connecting ring at the upper end and the cylinder front cover (5) are sequentially connected through bolts; the cylinder rear cover (12) is sequentially connected with the flange connecting ring at the lower end of the cylinder rear cover through bolts; the cylinder middle ring is connected with the cylinder barrel through a bolt; the bottom end of the connecting sleeve (16) is abutted against the bottom surface of an annular groove on the cylinder front cover (5) and a sealing gasket is arranged between the connecting sleeve and the annular groove for sealing; the cylinder is characterized in that a sealing ring is arranged between the cylinder front cover (5), the pilot piston (6), the cylinder middle ring (8), the energy storage piston (9) and the cylinder rear cover (12) and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel for sealing.

2-6 air explosion holes (7) are symmetrically and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the cylinder wall; the diameter of the gas explosion hole (7) is not more than 5 mm; the pressure of the high-pressure gas is 8-16 atmospheric pressures.

4 gas explosion holes (7) are arranged; in the initial state, the pilot piston (6) and the energy storage piston (9) are respectively located at the top ends of the gas explosion cabin (19) and the energy storage cabin (23), the gas explosion hole (7) is in a hole opening state, at the moment, the gas explosion cabin is communicated with the outside through the gas explosion hole (7) and the energy storage cabin through the rear cover guide hole (121), and the gas explosion cabin and the energy storage cabin are the same in air pressure as the atmospheric pressure.

The spring A (15) seals the pilot piston air hole (61) when the pilot piston (6) is pushed to the bottom of the cylinder front cover (5); high-pressure gas enters from the sleeve cabin (161) and an air passage gap (511) of the front cover air inlet hole (51), the pilot piston (6) is pushed to compress the spring A, and then the pilot piston (6) moves to reach the cylinder middle ring (8) and blocks the air explosion hole (7).

After the pilot piston (6) moves to reach the cylinder middle ring, the pilot piston air hole (61) and the cylinder middle ring air hole (81) are communicated with each other up and down, high-pressure gas enters the air passage gap (511) of the front cover air inlet hole (51), the gas explosion cabin, the pilot piston air hole and the cylinder middle ring air hole to push the energy storage piston (9) to move downwards to compress the spring B (11) until the spring B reaches the bottom, at the moment, the gas pressure cover (13) blocks the front cover air inlet hole (51), and normal pressure gas at the lower part of the energy storage piston in the energy storage cabin is discharged from the rear cover guide hole.

After the stroke of the spring B (11) is compressed, the air pressure cover (13) and the sealing gasket (14) positioned at the top end of the piston rod (17) close a front cover air inlet hole (51) on the front cover (5) of the cylinder; so that the air pressure in the gas explosion cabin (19) and the energy storage cabin at the upper end of the energy storage piston (9) is the same as the high-pressure gas; under the spring force action of the spring A (15), the pilot piston is pushed to move upwards, the closed gas explosion hole (7) is opened, and high-pressure gas is instantly flushed out of the gas explosion hole (7) for gas explosion; spring B (11) starts to rebound.

The pilot piston air hole (61) is a three-step slot hole and is formed by connecting a plurality of round hole channels in the middle with external-expanding annular grooves at the upper end and the lower end, the outer edges of the external-expanding annular grooves at the upper end and the lower end are correspondingly arranged, and the external-expanding annular groove at the lower end is wider than the external-expanding annular groove at the upper end; the uniformly distributed middle ring air holes (81) are communicated with the bottom of the middle ring of the cylinder through a concave circular groove (812).

The rotary joint is a gas-liquid high-pressure mixing rotary joint.

The invention has the following positive and beneficial effects: the horizontal channel is provided in the soil body of the soft soil foundation from shallow to deep by adopting the gas explosion method, and is matched with the vibration wave generated by tamping, so that the drainage consolidation speed of the soil body can be accelerated, the treatment depth of the soil body can be deepened, and the creep of the soil body after construction can be reduced. The invention utilizes the existing drilling equipment to connect the gas explosion device of the invention by improving the drill rod structure and output high-pressure gas to the gas explosion device, and the gas explosion device completes gas explosion, thereby realizing drilling and gas explosion integrated equipment, saving cost and improving working efficiency. The cylinder body is divided into a gas explosion cabin and an energy storage cabin by the gas explosion device, and the opening and closing of a gas explosion hole are realized by the movement of a pilot piston in a small stroke in the gas explosion cabin; the large-stroke movement of the energy storage piston in the energy storage cabin realizes the increase of the reserve volume of high-pressure gas, pushes the high-pressure gas into the gas explosion cabin and sprays the high-pressure gas out of the gas explosion hole; the spring A and the spring B respectively push the pilot piston and the energy storage piston to reset to realize gas explosion; the air holes arranged on the front cover of the air cylinder, the pilot piston and the middle ring of the air cylinder are mutually matched to realize the inlet and outlet of high-pressure air; the gas explosion process is completed in a cylinder body.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall construction of the gas explosion apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the gas explosion apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3(1), FIG. 3(2), FIG. 3(3), FIG. 3(4), FIG. 3(5) are schematic views of the operation of the gas explosion device of the present invention;

fig. 3(1) is the initial state, fig. 3(2) is the step 2, fig. 3(3) is the step 3, fig. 3(4) is the step four, fig. 3(5) is the return to the initial state;

fig. 4(1), (2), (3) are schematic cross-sectional views of the cylinder barrel, (1) radial cross-section of the gas explosion hole position, (2) axial cross-section of the cylinder barrel, (3) radial cross-section of the cylinder barrel ring connecting hole position;

FIG. 5(1), (2) is a schematic axial section and left view of the front cover of the cylinder,

FIG. 6(1), (2) is a schematic axial section and left side view of the cylinder rear cover,

FIG. 7(1), (2), (3) are schematic diagrams of the pilot piston viewed from the right, viewed from the axial direction, viewed from the left,

FIG. 8(1) and (2) are schematic diagrams of the cylinder middle ring in axial section and left view,

FIG. 9(1) and (2) are schematic diagrams of right-view and axial cross-section of the energy storage piston,

figure 10 is a schematic view of the piston rod,

FIG. 11(1) and (2) are schematic views of the pneumatic cover,

FIG. 12 shows an axial section, a radial section and a right-side view of a drill pipe connecting sleeve in (1), (2) and (3),

figure 13 is a schematic view of the rotary union in connection with a drill pipe and a gas pipeline,

figure 14 is a schematic view of the drill pipe hoist link,

figure 15 is a schematic view of the connection of the drill pipe lifting structure,

the reference numbers:

the device comprises drilling equipment 1 with a drill rod, small-sized ramming construction equipment 2, a gas explosion device 3, a pneumatic pump 4, a cylinder front cover 5, a front cover air inlet 51, an air passage gap 511, a pilot piston 6, a pilot piston air hole 61, a gas explosion hole 7, a cylinder middle ring 8, a middle ring air hole 81, a concave groove 812, an energy storage piston 9, a cylinder barrel 10, a spring B11, a cylinder rear cover 12, a guide hole 121, a pneumatic cover 13, a sealing gasket 14, a spring A15, a drill rod connecting sleeve 16, a sleeve cabin 161, a threaded connector II 162, a connecting flange 163, a piston rod 17, a threaded sleeve 18, a gas explosion cabin 19, a vertical drainage body 20, a horizontal drainage layer 21, a drill rod 22, a threaded connector I221, an energy storage cabin gas pipeline 23,

rotary connectors

24 and 25 and a lifter 26;

Detailed Description

The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

The following examples are given for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other variations and modifications can be made in the invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the true spirit of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a gas explosion device comprises a drilling device, a gas explosion device, a pneumatic pump, a gas pipeline, a rotary joint and a connecting sleeve; the drilling equipment comprises a drill rod, a mechanical portal frame, a drill rod driving device and a lifter; the rotary joint is connected to the mechanical door frame; the drill rod 22 is a hollow drill rod, a through hole channel is arranged in the hollow drill rod, and a first threaded connector 221 is arranged at the lower end of the hollow drill rod; the connecting sleeve 16 is provided with a sleeve cabin which is communicated up and down, and the upper end of the sleeve cabin is provided with a second threaded connector 161; the threaded interface II 161 at the upper end of the connecting sleeve is in threaded connection with the threaded interface I221 of the drill rod 22, and the lower end of the connecting sleeve is connected with the gas explosion device 3; the gas outlet of the pneumatic pump 4 is connected with a gas pipeline 25, the output end of the gas pipeline is in threaded connection with one end of the rotary joint 24, the other end of the rotary joint 24 is in threaded connection with the upper end of the drill rod 22, and the gas pipeline, the rotary joint, the hollow drill rod and the connecting sleeve are communicated with each other to form a high-pressure gas conveying channel of the gas explosion device.

Referring to fig. 2, the gas explosion device comprises a cylinder, wherein the cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel, a piston and a piston rod; the upper end of the cylinder barrel 10 is provided with a cylinder front cover 5, the lower end is provided with a cylinder rear cover 12, and the interior is provided with a cylinder middle ring 8; the cylinder front cover 5, the cylinder rear cover 12 and the cylinder middle ring 8 are respectively fixed with the cylinder barrel 10; in the cylinder barrel 10, a cavity between the cylinder front cover 5 and the cylinder middle ring 8 forms a gas explosion cabin 19, and a cavity between the cylinder middle ring 8 and the cylinder rear cover 12 forms an energy storage cabin 23; the cylinder wall at the inner lower part of the gas explosion cabin 19 is provided with a gas explosion hole 7 which is communicated with the inside and the outside;

the pistons comprise a pilot piston 6 and an energy storage piston 9; the pilot piston 6 is positioned in the cavity of the gas explosion cabin 19 and moves up and down; the energy storage piston 9 is positioned in a cavity of the energy storage cabin and moves up and down; the top of the piston rod 17 is provided with a pneumatic cover 13, the piston rod sequentially penetrates through the cylinder front cover 5, the pilot piston 6, the cylinder middle ring 8 and the energy storage piston 9 from the center part from top to bottom, and the bottom end of the piston rod is fixed with the energy storage piston; the piston rod is in sliding fit with the pilot piston 6 and the cylinder middle ring 8, and the energy storage piston 9 is in close fit with the piston rod, wherein a bolt connection can be selected;

a spring A15 is arranged in the gas explosion cabin, a spring B11 is arranged in the energy storage cabin, and the spring A and the spring B are both sleeved on the piston rod; two ends of the spring A are arranged in corresponding guide holes respectively arranged at the lower end of the pilot piston 6 and the upper end of the cylinder middle ring, and two ends of the spring A are propped against the pilot piston 6 and the cylinder middle ring; the upper end of the spring B is sleeved on a downward convex guide post arranged at the bottom of the energy storage piston, the lower end of the spring B is arranged in a corresponding rear cover guide hole arranged in the middle of the cylinder rear cover 12, and two ends of the spring B are abutted against the energy storage piston and the cylinder rear cover 12; the rear cover guide hole 121 is a stepped through hole which is vertically through;

the air cylinder front cover is provided with a front cover air inlet hole 51 which is communicated up and down, the front cover air inlet hole is a stepped hole, the piston rod penetrates through the front cover air inlet hole, and an air channel gap 511 is reserved between the front cover air inlet hole and the piston rod; the air pressure cover 13 can be hermetically matched with the upper end of the air inlet hole of the front cover; the pilot piston 6 is provided with a pilot piston air hole 61 which is communicated up and down, the cylinder middle ring is provided with a middle ring air hole 81 which is communicated up and down, and the pilot piston air hole 61 is arranged corresponding to the middle ring air hole 81; the pilot piston air hole and the front cover air hole 51 are arranged in a staggered manner;

the upper end of the cylinder barrel 10 is fixedly connected with a sleeve, the connecting sleeve is provided with a sleeve cabin 161 which is communicated up and down, the upper end of the piston rod 17 is arranged in the sleeve cabin to move up and down, and the upper end of the sleeve cabin is provided with a second threaded connector 162;

Referring to fig. 2, a sealing gasket 14 is arranged at the lower end of the air pressure cover 13, and the piston rod is limited and fixed by a stepped shaft end and a nut or a screw after penetrating through the air pressure cover 13 and the sealing gasket 14; the bottom end of the piston rod limits, fixes and seals the energy storage piston through a stepped shaft end, a nut and a sealing gasket;

as shown in fig. 2, 12 and (1), the connecting sleeve 16 is provided with a convex connecting flange 163 near the outer wall of the lower end, the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder barrel are provided with flange connecting rings 101 facing radially inwards, and the connecting flange, the flange connecting ring at the upper end and the cylinder front cover 5 are sequentially connected through bolts; the cylinder rear cover 12 is connected with the flange connecting ring at the lower end of the cylinder rear cover in sequence through bolts; the cylinder middle ring is connected with the cylinder barrel through a bolt; the bottom end of the connecting sleeve 16 is abutted against the bottom surface of the annular groove on the cylinder front cover 5, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the bottom end of the connecting sleeve and the annular groove for sealing; and a sealing ring is arranged between the cylinder front cover 5, the pilot piston 6, the cylinder middle ring 8, the energy storage piston 9, the cylinder rear cover 12 and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel for sealing.

Referring to fig. 2, 2-6 air explosion holes 7 are symmetrically and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the cylinder wall; the diameter of the gas explosion hole 7 is not more than 5 mm; the pressure of the high-pressure gas is 8-16 atmospheric pressures.

4 gas explosion holes 7 are arranged according to the figure 3 (1); in the initial state, the pilot piston 6 and the energy storage piston 9 are respectively positioned at the top ends of the gas explosion cabin 19 and the energy storage cabin 23, the gas explosion hole 7 is in a hole opening state, at the moment, the gas explosion cabin is communicated with the outside through the gas explosion hole 7 and the energy storage cabin through the rear cover guide hole 121, and the air pressure in the gas explosion cabin and the energy storage cabin is the same as the atmospheric pressure.

Referring to fig. 3(2), the spring a15 seals the pilot piston air hole 61 when the pilot piston 6 is pushed to the bottom of the cylinder front cover 5; high-pressure gas enters from the sleeve cabin 161 and the air passage gap 511 of the front cover air inlet hole 51, the pilot piston 6 is pushed to compress the spring A, and then the pilot piston 6 moves to reach the cylinder middle ring 8 and blocks the air explosion hole 7.

Referring to fig. 3(3), after the pilot piston 6 moves to reach the cylinder middle ring, the pilot piston air hole 61 and the cylinder middle ring air hole 81 are communicated with each other up and down, when the high-pressure gas enters through the air passage gap 511 of the front cover air inlet hole 51, the gas explosion chamber, the pilot piston air hole and the cylinder middle ring air hole to push the accumulator piston 9 to move down to compress the spring B11 until the bottom, the gas pressure cover 13 blocks the front cover air inlet hole 51, and the normal pressure gas at the lower part of the accumulator piston in the accumulator chamber is discharged from the rear cover guide hole.

Referring to fig. 3(4), when the stroke of the spring B11 is completed, the air pressure cover 13 and the sealing gasket 14 located at the top end of the piston rod 17 close the front cover air inlet hole 51 on the front cover 5 of the cylinder; so that the air pressure in the gas explosion chamber 19 and the energy storage chamber at the upper end of the energy storage piston 9 is the same as the high-pressure gas; under the spring force of the spring A15, the pilot piston is pushed to move upwards, the closed gas explosion hole 7 is opened, and high-pressure gas is instantaneously flushed out of the gas explosion hole 7 for gas explosion; spring B11 begins to spring back.

Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 7(1) - (3), the pilot piston air hole 61 is a three-step slot hole, and is formed by connecting a plurality of round hole channels in the middle with upper and lower outward-expanding annular grooves, the outer edges of the upper and lower outward-expanding annular grooves are correspondingly arranged, and the lower outward-expanding annular groove is wider than the upper outward-expanding annular groove; the uniformly distributed plurality of the middle ring air holes 81 are communicated with the bottom of the middle ring of the cylinder through a concave circular ring groove 812.

The rotary joint is a gas-liquid high-pressure mixing rotary joint.

The working process of the gas explosion equipment of the invention is described in detail with reference to the following figures:

(1) the gas explosion device connecting sleeve is firstly connected with the head part at the bottom end of a drill rod of a drilling device shown in figure 1, the drilling device with the drill rod is in the prior art, a gas pipeline 25 connected with a pneumatic pump 4 is a plastic pipeline, the output end of the gas pipeline is connected with a rotary joint 24, the other end of the rotary joint 24 is connected with the upper end of a drill rod 22 shown in figure 13, the connecting modes are all screw threads, and the lower end of the drill rod 22 is connected with a drill rod connecting sleeve 16 of the gas explosion device 3; the drill rod 22 is a hollow drill rod, the drill rod 22 rotates with the gas explosion device 3 to drill and submerge, the drill rod is driven to lift by a lifter 26, and the lifter and the drill rod driving device are in the prior art. The rotary joint 24 is a gas-liquid high-pressure mixing rotary joint, is common in the market in the prior art, and is fixedly connected with a mechanical portal of drilling equipment; the gas absorbs natural air through the pneumatic pump 4, and then the natural air is compressed to output high-pressure air to the gas pipeline 25 to enter the gas explosion device through the rotary joint, the hollow drill rod and the drill rod connecting sleeve 16. The drill rod and the gas explosion device start to drill down from the upper part and the lower part of a deep hole preset on a soft soil foundation as shown in figure 1; fig. 3(1) shows the initial state of the gas explosion device.

(2) The pneumatic pump 4 is opened, high-pressure gas enters the inner chamber of the drill rod connecting sleeve 16, the pilot piston 6 is pushed to advance towards the lower part of the cylinder through a front cover air inlet hole on the front cover 5 of the cylinder, and meanwhile, the compression spring A15 is stopped until the middle ring 8 of the cylinder, and the air explosion hole 7 is closed. FIG. 3(2) shows a second step of gas explosion.

The space formed by the space between the cylinder front cover 5 and the cylinder middle ring 8 and including the spring A15 is an air explosion cabin 19, air explosion holes 7 are arranged on the cylinder walls at two sides of the lower part of the air explosion cabin 19, the diameter of each air explosion hole is not more than 5mm, and the number of the air explosion holes is generally 2-6, preferably 4. Because single air explosion is planar treatment, 4 treatments are most effective.

In the initial state, see fig. 3(1), the gas explosion hole is in an open hole state and is communicated with the outside, namely, the air pressure of the gas explosion cabin is the same as the air atmospheric pressure, the pressure of the high-pressure gas is generally 8-16 atmospheric pressures, and 10, 12, 14, 15 or 16 atmospheric pressures can be selected in the range according to different soil qualities; the pressure range of the high-pressure gas can be adjusted according to actual conditions; the high pressure gas pressure of the upper part of the pilot piston 6 is thus greater than the air pressure of the lower part thereof, thereby pushing the pilot piston to move downward, closing the gas burst hole 7 while the spring a15 is compressed, see fig. 3

(2)。

(3) When the spring A15 is compressed, the high-pressure gas pressure pushes the energy storage piston 9 to move downwards to drive the piston rod 17 to move downwards, the spring B11 is compressed partially, and the piston rod 17 also moves towards the lower part of the 10 cylinder barrel at the same time, which is shown in figure 3 (3).

However, the stroke of the spring A is short, when the stroke of the spring A stops, the pilot piston 6 blocks the gas explosion hole 7, and the air pressure in the gas explosion cabin 19 is the same as the high-pressure gas in the graph shown in (2) in FIG. 3; the high-pressure gas continuously compresses the energy storage piston 9 through the opening of the cylinder middle ring 8; as shown in fig. 3(3), the energy storage piston 9 is compressed, pushing the piston rod to move downwards, and the spring B11 is compressed. In the energy storage chamber, the upper part of the energy storage piston 9 is high-pressure gas, and the lower part of the energy storage piston 9 is atmospheric pressure, so that the high-pressure gas pressure at the upper part of the energy storage piston 9 is greater than the air atmospheric pressure at the lower part of the energy storage piston, the energy storage piston 9 is pushed to move downwards, and the spring B is compressed.

(4) After the stroke of the spring B11 is compressed, the air pressure cover 13 and the sealing gasket 14 at the top end of the piston rod 17 close the front cover air inlet hole on the front cover 5 of the cylinder as shown in figure 3(3), so that the air pressure in the air explosion chamber 19 and the energy storage chamber at the upper end of the energy storage piston 9 are the same as that of high-pressure air, at the moment, the air pressure in the spring A15 in the air explosion chamber 19 is the same as that of the high-pressure air, the air pressure starts to rebound under the spring force of the spring A15, the pilot piston is pushed to move upwards, the closed air explosion hole 7 is opened as shown in figure 3(4), the high-pressure air instantly rushes out of the air explosion hole 7 to form air explosion as shown in figure 3(4), the spring B11 starts to rebound, the air explosion hole 7 is opened,

(5) the spring A15 and the spring B11 rebound, the piston rod 17 returns, the air pressure cover 13 is opened, high-pressure air is continuously input, and the steps are continuously repeated to continuously perform air explosion.

As shown in fig. 3(5), the spring rebounds, returns to the initial state, and continues to repeat the steps to form a new gas explosion.

The application example is as follows:

the following is an application example of the treatment of soft soil foundation using the gas explosion equipment of the present invention,

the field to be treated is a soft soil field, the geology mainly takes silt clay as a main part, the water content is 51.2%, the permeability coefficient is 3.7 multiplied by 10 < -7 > m/s, and the soil property is poor, the gas explosion device is adopted for foundation treatment, the effect is good, the water content of the soil before treatment is 51.2%, the water content of the soil after treatment is reduced to 39.5%, compared with the common traditional method, the water drainage consolidation can be quicker, and the construction period can be shortened by at least 5 months; deepen the treatment depth of the soil body, the traditional method is generally 5-10 m, and the treatment depth of the method reaches more than 15 m; the post-construction creep of the soil body is reduced, the post-construction settlement is generally different from 32-50 cm according to the engineering condition in the traditional method, and the post-construction settlement can be controlled within 30cm by the method.

A. In the soft soil foundation, a plurality of vertical plastic drainage plates 20 are arranged according to the traditional preloading method, wherein the matched vertical drainage bodies are plastic drainage plates SPB-B type, the length is 18m, the plastic drainage plates are arranged in a plurality of square grids with the space of square 1.2 multiplied by 1.2m, and a horizontal drainage layer is laid on the surface of the soft soil foundation and communicated with the tops of the plastic drainage plates; the horizontal drainage layer adopts medium coarse sand, the mud content is less than 5 percent, and the permeability coefficient is 3.2 multiplied by 10 < -3 > m/s.

B. According to the design hole site, the depth is not less than the drain bar and beats and establish the length on the medium coarse sand bed course, utilizes current drilling equipment 1 of taking the drilling rod, drills according to preset depth 18m and obtains the deep hole of each hole site department, and the deep hole diameter of predetermined soft soil foundation is greater than the gas explosion device cylinder external diameter, and the degree of depth is not less than the drain bar and beats and establish the length, and preset deep hole diameter is 100mm, degree of depth 18 m. The hole sites were located one in the center of a 1.2X 1.2m square.

The structure, specific parameters, material and application method of the gas explosion device in this embodiment are described as follows (all dimensions are in mm except for special descriptions):

as shown in fig. 4, (1), (2) and (3), selecting a cylinder barrel with an outer diameter of 90, an inner diameter of 80 and a length of 180, wherein the cylinder barrel is made of #20# steel, reserving 4 circular holes with a diameter of 2mm at a position 45mm away from the upper end (left end in the figure) of the cylinder barrel on the cylinder wall as gas explosion holes, reserving 4 circular holes with a diameter of 5mm at a distance of 16mm for constructing and connecting a middle ring of the cylinder, and inner holes are required to be honed; arranging a front cylinder cover at the upper end of the cylinder barrel, arranging a rear cylinder cover at the lower end of the cylinder barrel, and arranging a middle cylinder ring in the cylinder barrel, wherein the front cylinder cover is made of 45# quenched and tempered steel and is galvanized on the surface, as shown in (1), (2) of fig. 5, the thickness of the front cover is 12, and the diameters of air inlet holes of the front cover are respectively 20 and 30; the rear cover of the cylinder is made of 45# quenched and tempered steel, the surface of the rear cover is galvanized, and as shown in (1), (2) of fig. 6, the diameter of a stepped through hole of a guide hole of the rear cover is respectively 30 and 20;

the cylinder middle ring is made of 45# quenched and tempered steel, the surface of the cylinder middle ring is galvanized, the central axis of air holes of the cylinder middle ring is positioned on the circumference with the diameter of 45#, the diameter of the air holes of the cylinder middle ring is 12, and the thickness of the cylinder middle ring is 20, as shown in (1) (2) of fig. 8; the cylinder front cover, the cylinder rear cover and the cylinder middle ring are respectively fixed with the cylinder barrel; in the cylinder barrel, a cavity between the cylinder front cover and the cylinder middle ring forms a gas explosion cabin, and a cavity between the cylinder middle ring and the cylinder rear cover 12 forms an energy storage cabin; the cylinder wall at the lower part in the gas explosion cabin is provided with a gas explosion hole which is communicated with the inside and the outside;

the piston comprises a pilot piston figure 7, (1), (2), (3) and an energy storage piston figure 9, wherein the center of a pilot piston air hole is positioned on the circumference of a diameter 54, three step holes are axially formed, the pilot piston is formed by connecting a long hole in the middle with outer expanded annular grooves at the upper end and the lower end, the outer expanded annular grooves at the upper end and the lower end are annular grooves around the axis, the inner diameter/outer diameter of the upper end annular groove is 45mm \63mm respectively, the inner diameter/outer diameter of the lower end annular groove is 30mm \63mm respectively, the length of each air hole is 2.5/10.5/7 in sequence, the length of each hole in the center hole of the piston is 4/2.5/6.5/7 in sequence, the piston is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, a piston rod is made of 45# quenched and tempered steel, hard chromium is plated on the surface.

The spring A is made of stainless steel wires and has the specification of phi 1.2 x 15 x 46 x 8N (wherein 1.2 represents the wire diameter, 15 is the outer diameter, 46 is the free length, and 8 is the total number of turns); the spring B was a stainless steel wire having a gauge of 2.4 × 26 × 119 × 13N (where 2.4 represents the wire diameter, 26 is the outer diameter, 119 is the free length, and 13 is the total number of turns).

The drill rod connecting sleeve is made of 45# quenched and tempered steel, the surface of the drill rod connecting sleeve is galvanized, and the diameter of a conical thread is

As shown in figure 12, the sealing gasket and the sealing ring are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

C. Opening a pneumatic pump, outputting 16 atmospheric pressures to a gas explosion device of gas explosion equipment, and simultaneously connecting a drill rod threaded interface I221 with a threaded interface II 162 to carry the gas explosion device to drill and rotate while exploding from top to bottom along a preset deep hole from top to bottom on a soft foundation, wherein the rotating speed is generally 3-5 seconds/circle; the submergence speed is controlled at 15 seconds/meter.

D. When a drill rod carries the gas explosion device to drill, the small tamping equipment starts to continuously tamp the periphery of the preset deep hole; setting the adaptive frequency of gas explosion and tamping, drilling a drill rod for 10cm, tamping once, and performing gas explosion for 8 times. A drainage channel is rapidly generated through gas explosion and upwards drained along a plurality of vertical plastic drainage plates 20;

E. when the drill rod and the gas explosion device are drilled downwards to the preset depth of the deep hole, the gas explosion is stopped, the pneumatic pump is closed, the drill rod and the gas explosion device are lifted upwards, and the small-sized tamping equipment continues construction tamping and continues to be used until the drill rod and the gas explosion device are lifted out of the deep hole;

F. and the drilling equipment moves to the next hole position, and the construction steps are repeated until the treatment of all the soft soil foundations is completed.

The pressure, the tamping frequency, the gas explosion frequency, the drilling speed and the rotating speed of the drill rod of the high-pressure gas can be adjusted according to the actual situation on site according to the idea of the invention.

Claims

1. A gas explosion device comprises a drilling device, a gas explosion device, a pneumatic pump, a gas pipeline, a rotary joint and a connecting sleeve; the drilling equipment comprises a drill rod, a mechanical portal frame, a driving device and a lifter; the rotary joint is connected to the mechanical door frame; the drill rod (22) is a hollow drill rod, a pore canal which is communicated up and down is arranged in the drill rod, and a first threaded connector (221) is arranged at the lower end part of the drill rod; the connecting sleeve (16) is provided with a sleeve cabin which is communicated up and down, and the upper end of the sleeve cabin is provided with a second threaded connector (161); the threaded interface II (161) at the upper end of the connecting sleeve is in threaded connection with the threaded interface I (221) of the drill rod (22), and the lower end of the connecting sleeve is connected with the gas explosion device (3); the gas outlet of the pneumatic pump (4) is connected with a gas pipeline (25), the output end of the gas pipeline is in threaded connection with one end of the rotary joint (24), the other end of the rotary joint (24) is in threaded connection with the drill rod (22), and the gas pipeline, the rotary joint, the hollow drill rod and the connecting sleeve are communicated with one another to form a high-pressure gas conveying channel of the gas explosion device.

2. A gas explosion device according to claim 1, wherein the gas explosion means comprises a cylinder including a cylinder tube, a piston rod; the device is characterized in that the upper end of the cylinder barrel (10) is provided with a cylinder front cover (5), the lower end is provided with a cylinder rear cover (12), and the interior is provided with a cylinder middle ring (8); the cylinder front cover (5), the cylinder rear cover (12) and the cylinder middle ring (8) are respectively fixed with the cylinder barrel (10); in the cylinder barrel (10), a cavity between the cylinder front cover (5) and the cylinder middle ring (8) forms an air explosion cabin (19), and a cavity between the cylinder middle ring (8) and the cylinder rear cover (12) forms an energy storage cabin (23); the cylinder wall of the inner lower part of the gas explosion cabin (19) is provided with a gas explosion hole (7) which is communicated with the inside and the outside;

3. A gas explosion device according to claim 2, wherein a sealing gasket (14) is arranged at the lower end of the gas pressure cover (13), and the piston rod is limited and fixed by a stepped shaft end and a nut screw after penetrating through the gas pressure cover (13) and the sealing gasket (14); the bottom end of the piston rod limits and fixes the energy storage piston through a stepped shaft end, a nut and a sealing gasket;

4. The gas explosion equipment according to claim 2, wherein 2 to 6 gas explosion holes (7) are symmetrically and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the cylinder wall; the diameter of the gas explosion hole (7) is not more than 5 mm; the pressure of the high-pressure gas is 8-16 atmospheric pressures.

5. A gas explosion device according to claim 2, wherein 4 gas explosion holes (7) are provided; in the initial state, the pilot piston (6) and the energy storage piston (9) are respectively located at the top ends of the gas explosion cabin (19) and the energy storage cabin (23), the gas explosion hole (7) is in a hole opening state, at the moment, the gas explosion cabin is communicated with the outside through the gas explosion hole (7) and the energy storage cabin through the rear cover guide hole (121), and the gas explosion cabin and the energy storage cabin are the same in air pressure as the atmospheric pressure.

6. A gas explosion apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the spring A (15) seals the pilot piston gas hole (61) when the pilot piston (6) is pushed against the bottom of the cylinder head (5); high-pressure gas enters from the sleeve cabin (161) and an air passage gap (511) of the front cover air inlet hole (51), the pilot piston (6) is pushed to compress the spring A, and then the pilot piston (6) moves to reach the cylinder middle ring (8) and blocks the air explosion hole (7).

7. A gas explosion device according to claim 6, wherein after the pilot piston (6) moves to reach the cylinder middle ring, the pilot piston air hole (61) and the cylinder middle ring air hole (81) are communicated with each other up and down, the high-pressure gas enters through the air passage gap (511) of the front cover air inlet hole (51), the gas explosion chamber, the pilot piston air hole and the cylinder middle ring air hole to push the energy storage piston (9) to move downwards to compress the spring B (11) until reaching the bottom, at the moment, the gas pressure cover (13) blocks the front cover air inlet hole (51), and the normal pressure gas at the lower part of the energy storage piston in the energy storage chamber is discharged from the rear cover guide hole.

8. A gas explosion apparatus according to claim 7, wherein when the stroke of said spring B (11) is completed by compression, said gas pressure cover (13) and said sealing gasket (14) at the top end of said piston rod (17) close the front cover intake hole (51) of said cylinder front cover (5); so that the air pressure in the gas explosion cabin (19) and the energy storage cabin at the upper end of the energy storage piston (9) is the same as the high-pressure gas; under the spring force action of the spring A (15), the pilot piston is pushed to move upwards, the closed gas explosion hole (7) is opened, and high-pressure gas is instantly flushed out of the gas explosion hole (7) for gas explosion; spring B (11) starts to rebound.

9. The gas explosion equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pilot piston gas hole (61) is a three-step slot hole, which is formed by a plurality of round hole channels connected with the external expanding ring slots at the upper and lower ends, the external edges of the external expanding ring slots at the upper and lower ends are correspondingly arranged, and the external expanding ring slot at the lower end is wider than the external expanding ring slot at the upper end; the uniformly distributed middle ring air holes (81) are communicated with the bottom of the middle ring of the cylinder through a concave circular groove (812).

10. A gas explosion device according to claim 1, wherein the rotary joint is a gas-liquid high-pressure mixing rotary joint.