CN111705255A - high-Q-value low-frequency temperature coefficient constant-elasticity alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
high-Q-value low-frequency temperature coefficient constant-elasticity alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111705255A CN111705255A CN202010754666.1A CN202010754666A CN111705255A CN 111705255 A CN111705255 A CN 111705255A CN 202010754666 A CN202010754666 A CN 202010754666A CN 111705255 A CN111705255 A CN 111705255A
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Abstract
A high Q value low frequency temperature coefficient constant elastic alloy and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of elastic alloys. The alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c is less than or equal to 0.030, Si is less than or equal to 0.50, Mn is less than or equal to 0.50, Ni44.00-45.00, Cr1.50-4.00, Cr + Mo is 4.90-8.00, Ti2.50-3.50, Al0.40-1.20, Cu0.10-0.30, and the balance of Fe, inevitable impurities and the like. The preparation method of the alloy comprises the following steps: after batching, vacuum smelting an alloy ingot, and forging the alloy ingot into an alloy square billet after homogenizing annealing; reheating and rolling into alloy bars; and (3) aging the bar at 650-750 ℃ for 2-4 hours, and cooling the bar to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a finished product, wherein the Q of the finished product is more than or equal to 27000. The method has the advantages that the finished product has high Q value and low frequency temperature coefficient, is suitable for high-precision frequency components such as inertial navigation components, resonant cavity harmonic oscillators and the like, and has good organization uniformity and temperature stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of elastic alloys, and particularly relates to a high-Q-value low-frequency temperature coefficient constant elastic alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The rapid development of modern science and technology puts forward the requirements of miniaturization, light weight, high precision and high sensitivity for high-precision frequency components and parts applied to the fields of aerospace, ships, precise instruments and meters and the like, and the constant-elasticity alloy for the frequency components and parts is required to have high mechanical quality factor Q value and temperature stability. The Q value represents the degree of attenuation of the energy of the harmonic oscillator in one vibration cycle. Under the same parameter condition, the higher the Q value of the component is, the larger the amplitude which can be maintained by the component is, and the sensitivity of the component is improved and the noise level is reduced. In addition, the components need to work at different environmental temperatures, and when the frequency temperature coefficient of the constant-elasticity alloy is large, the central resonance frequency of the components can greatly drift along with the change of the temperature, so that the components cannot work normally. Therefore, the constant-elasticity alloy must have both a high Q value and a low frequency temperature coefficient to ensure the reliability and stability of the device.
In the current industry standard or military standard, the Q value of the constant-elasticity alloy is generally low, and the use requirement of high-precision frequency components is difficult to meet. For example: the Q values of 3J53 and 3J58 are only about 10000, and the Q value of 3J59 can only reach 20000-25000. Although the Q value of the constant elastic alloy can be obviously improved by cold deformation and aging treatment, the problem of poor longitudinal and radial tissue uniformity exists, and the method is not suitable for manufacturing harmonic oscillator devices with symmetrical structures or thin-walled thickness. If the combination of high Q value and low frequency temperature coefficient is realized by adjusting the component proportion of the constant elasticity alloy and adopting the production process of hot rolling forming, solid solution treatment and aging treatment, the production process can be simplified, and the method is also favorable for improving the uniformity and consistency of products. Therefore, there is a need to develop a constant elastic alloy with higher Q value, low frequency temperature coefficient, good uniformity and temperature stability to meet the requirement of high precision frequency components.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-Q-value low-frequency temperature coefficient constant-elasticity alloy and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems that the Q value of the prepared constant-elasticity alloy is low and the use requirement of high-precision frequency components is difficult to meet.
A high Q value low frequency temperature coefficient constant elasticity alloy, wherein, the chemical composition weight percentage is: less than or equal to 0.030 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of S, 44.00 to 45.00 percent of Nis, 1.50 to 4.00 percent of Crs, 0.90 to 6.50 percent of Mos, 4.90 to 8.00 percent of Cr + Mo, 2.50 to 3.50 percent of Tis, 0.40 to 1.20 percent of Als, 0.10 to 0.30 percent of Cus, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
A preparation method of a high Q value low frequency temperature coefficient constant elasticity alloy adopts the processes of hot rolling, solid solution treatment and aging treatment, and comprises the following specific steps and parameters:
1. proportioning according to the weight percentage of the chemical components, smelting an alloy ingot by using a vacuum induction furnace, and carrying out homogenizing annealing on the obtained alloy ingot in a high-temperature furnace at the heating temperature of 1050-1150 ℃ for 8-12 hours;
2. heating the alloy cast ingot at 1150-1250 ℃, and forging into an alloy square billet;
3. heating the alloy square billet at 1100-1180 ℃, and then hot rolling the alloy square billet into an alloy bar;
4. carrying out solution treatment on the alloy bar at 950-1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-1.5 hours, and carrying out water quenching to room temperature;
5. then aging the alloy bar at 650-750 deg.C for 2-4 hr, cooling to room temperature along with furnace to obtain the invented product with high Q value, low frequency temperature coefficient, constant elasticity alloy, finished product Q is greater than or equal to 27000, frequency temperature coefficient | βf(-40～+80℃)∣≤5×10-6Good homogeneity and temperature stability.
The functions and the proportion of the constant-elasticity alloy element with high Q value and low temperature coefficient are as follows:
ni: the alloy obtains the basis of elastic anomalous, which has great influence on the constant elastic property of the alloy; as the Ni content increases, the curie temperature of the alloy increases, as does the temperature range of constant elasticity.
Cr: the component sensitivity of the thermal elastic coefficient is reduced, in addition, Cr is a non-ferromagnetic element, the addition of which can reduce the internal magnetic loss, thereby improving the Q value, properly reducing the Cr content and being beneficial to improving the Curie temperature,
Ti、Al：[Ni3(Al、Ti)]the gamma-type phase is the main strengthening phase of the alloy, Al and Ti are main forming elements of the gamma-type phase, and the gamma-type phase is dispersed in a matrix to strengthen the alloy and improve the Q value.
Mo: atomic radius of Mo
Atomic radius greater than Cr
It can precipitate a new intermetallic compound Fe in the aging process2Mo, FeMo and the like cause larger lattice distortion in a matrix, thereby improving the Q value of the alloy, wherein the Mo is a surface active element and is mainly concentrated in a grain boundary and can inhibit the migration of the grain boundary, so that a gamma 'phase is mainly precipitated in the alloy in a continuous mechanism, and the Mo also has the function of stabilizing the gamma' phase, so that the gamma 'phase is aggregated and the conversion speed of gamma' → η is greatly reduced.
Cu: the additive is added as a trace element in the constant-elasticity alloy, can adjust the form and the quantity of precipitated phases, increases the control effect on the growth speed of the precipitated phases, and is beneficial to reducing the frequency temperature coefficient and improving the Q value.
C. Si, Mn, P, S: C. p, S, which is an impurity element, is unfavorable for constant elasticity performance, the lower the content, the better the content, Si and Mn are favorable for improving the processability of the alloy, and the content should be reduced as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the processability.
The invention has the advantages that the finished product has the advantages of high Q value, low frequency temperature coefficient, good tissue uniformity and temperature stability, Q is more than or equal to 27000, and the frequency temperature coefficient | βf(-40～+80℃)∣≤5×10-6The method is suitable for high-precision frequency components such as inertial navigation components, resonant cavity resonators, gyroscope resonators and the like, and is favorable for improving the precision, sensitivity, consistency and stability of the frequency components.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the natural frequency and the temperature of the constant-elasticity alloy of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A high-Q-value low-frequency constant-temperature-coefficient constant-elasticity alloy comprises C, Si, Mn, P, S, Ni, Cr, Mo, Ti, Al, Cu, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The chemical composition weight percentages of the elements of the high Q value, low frequency temperature coefficient constant elasticity alloy of the examples and the alloy of the comparative example are shown in Table 1.
According to the preparation method of the high-Q-value low-frequency temperature coefficient constant-elasticity alloy, steel ingots of the examples and the comparative examples are smelted in a vacuum induction furnace, forged into square billets, then hot-rolled into product bars, and finally subjected to aging treatment. The specific steps and parameters of the embodiment are as follows:
table 1 actual measured chemical composition mass percentages of the constant elastic alloys of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2, balance Fe and unavoidable impurities:
example 1
The constant elastic alloy with high Q value, low frequency and temperature coefficient is prepared by the method. The alloy ingot is heated at the temperature of 1050 ℃ for 10 hours, then forged into a square billet after being heated at the temperature of 1200 ℃, and then is heated at the temperature of 1150 ℃ and then is hot-rolled into a bar. Heating at 950 deg.C for 1 hr, and water quenching to room temperature; then aging at 650 deg.C for 4 hr, and furnace cooling to room temperature.
Example 2
The constant elastic alloy with high Q value, low frequency and temperature coefficient is prepared by the method. The alloy ingot is heated at 1150 ℃ after being subjected to homogenizing annealing at 1100 ℃ for 8 hours, and then is forged into a square billet, and then is hot-rolled into a bar at 1100 ℃. Heating at 950 deg.C for 1 hr, and water quenching to room temperature; then aging at 700 deg.C for 2 hr, and cooling to room temperature.
Example 3
The constant elastic alloy with high Q value, low frequency and temperature coefficient is prepared by the method. Homogenizing and annealing the alloy ingot at 1050 ℃ for 12 hours, heating at 1180 ℃, forging into a square blank, heating at 1120 ℃, and hot-rolling into a bar. Heating at 1000 deg.C for 1 hr, and water quenching to room temperature; then aging at 680 deg.C for 3 hr, and cooling to room temperature.
Example 4
The constant elastic alloy with high Q value, low frequency and temperature coefficient is prepared by the method. The alloy ingot is heated at 1250 ℃ and then forged into a square billet after being subjected to homogenizing annealing at 1150 ℃ for 8 hours, and then the square billet is heated at 1180 ℃ and then is hot-rolled into a bar. Heating at 980 deg.C for 1 hr, and water quenching to room temperature; then aging at 720 ℃ for 3 hours, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace.
Example 5
The constant elastic alloy with high Q value, low frequency and temperature coefficient is prepared by the method. The alloy ingot is heated at 1220 ℃ after being subjected to homogenizing annealing at 1150 ℃ for 10 hours, and then is forged into a square blank, and is heated at 1160 ℃ and then is hot-rolled into a bar. Heating at 1000 deg.C for 1 hr, and water quenching to room temperature; then aging at 750 deg.C for 2 hr, and furnace cooling to room temperature.
The results of the Q value and the frequency temperature coefficient test for each of the example samples and the comparative example samples are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, the alloy of the present invention has a higher Q value and a lower temperature coefficient of frequency than the alloys of comparative examples 1 and 2.
Table 2 measured data of Q value and frequency temperature coefficient of the alloys of examples and comparative examples:
in example 1, after 950 ℃ solution treatment and 650 ℃ aging treatment, the resonant frequency f value of the alloy is continuously measured in the temperature range of-40 ℃ to 25 ℃ when the temperature is reduced, the resonant frequency f value of the alloy is continuously measured in the temperature range of 25 ℃ to 80 ℃ when the temperature is increased, and f-T curves are drawn, wherein the results are shown in figure 1 of the attached drawing of the specification. The f-T curve shows that the alloy of the invention has good frequency temperature linearity.
According to the technical scheme, the Q value of the alloy can be obviously improved by adopting reasonable component proportion and combining reasonable hot rolling forming, solid solution treatment and aging treatment processes, and the alloy is ensured to have a low-frequency temperature coefficient, so that the precision, the sensitivity and the temperature stability of frequency components are improved.
Claims (3)
1. The constant-elasticity alloy with the high Q value, the low frequency and the temperature coefficient is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.030 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.0050 percent of S, 44.00 to 45.00 percent of Nis, 1.50 to 4.00 percent of Crs, 0.90 to 6.50 percent of Mos, 4.90 to 8.00 percent of Cr + Mo, 2.50 to 3.50 percent of Tis, 0.40 to 1.20 percent of Als, 0.10 to 0.30 percent of Cu, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. A method for preparing the high Q value low frequency temperature coefficient constant elasticity alloy of claim 1, wherein the technical parameters of the process steps and control are as follows:
1) proportioning according to the weight percentage of the chemical components, smelting an alloy ingot by using a vacuum induction furnace, and carrying out homogenizing annealing on the obtained alloy ingot in a high-temperature furnace at the heating temperature of 1050-1150 ℃ for 8-12 hours;
2) heating the alloy cast ingot at 1150-1250 ℃, and forging into an alloy square billet;
3) heating the alloy square billet at 1100-1180 ℃, and then hot rolling the alloy square billet into an alloy bar;
4) carrying out solution treatment on the alloy bar at 950-1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-1.5 hours, and carrying out water quenching to room temperature;
5) and then, carrying out aging treatment on the alloy bar at 650-750 ℃ for 2-4 hours, and cooling the alloy bar to room temperature along with a furnace to obtain a constant-elasticity alloy finished product with a high Q value and a low-frequency temperature coefficient.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step 5), the alloy product Q ≥ 27000, frequency temperature coefficient | βf(-40～+80℃)∣≤5×10-6/℃。
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| CN113113204A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-13 | 北京北冶功能材料有限公司 | Magnetic temperature compensation alloy for deep low temperature |
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