CN111705247A - High-low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111705247A CN111705247A CN202010721290.4A CN202010721290A CN111705247A CN 111705247 A CN111705247 A CN 111705247A CN 202010721290 A CN202010721290 A CN 202010721290A CN 111705247 A CN111705247 A CN 111705247A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
- C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
- C23F13/12—Electrodes characterised by the material
- C23F13/14—Material for sacrificial anodes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode, which consists of aluminum, zinc, indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium; the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode is different from the traditional aluminum alloy sacrificial anode mainly in that 0.05-0.2% of metal nickel is added, tests show that the low-temperature resistance and the high-temperature resistance of the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode can be remarkably improved by adding 0.05-0.2% of metal nickel, and the low-temperature resistance and the high-temperature resistance of the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode can be influenced by too much or too little metal nickel. Meanwhile, the content of impurities is limited, particularly the content of silicon impurities is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the low-temperature resistance of the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode is affected if the content of silicon impurities is slightly higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy sacrificial anode materials, in particular to a high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode and a preparation method thereof.
Background
There are two kinds of cathodic protection methods in metal corrosion prevention, one is an impressed current method, and the other is a sacrificial anode method. The method is divided into impressed current cathodic protection and sacrificial anodic protection according to different sources of current. The impressed current protection is realized by supplying current by an impressed power supply; the latter is to connect the protected metal with the metal with more negative potential to form a loop, and the metal with more negative potential is dissolved to provide cathodic protection current. In the protection process, the metal with more negative potential is used as an anode to be dissolved continuously, so the protection process is called sacrificial anode protection. Compared with external current protection, the protection device has the advantages of no need of any external power supply, no interference to adjacent facilities, simple equipment, convenience in construction, no need of frequent maintenance and the like, and is widely used in engineering at present.
The aluminum alloy sacrificial anode disclosed at present focuses on low temperature resistance or high temperature resistance, and an aluminum alloy sacrificial anode with high and low temperature resistance is not available, so that in order to expand the application range of the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode, a high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode and a preparation method thereof need to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode consists of aluminum, zinc, indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium; the mass percent of the zinc is 2-5%; the mass percent of the indium is 0.02-0.08%; the mass percent of the magnesium is 0.2-0.3%; the mass percent of the nickel is 0.05-0.2%; the mass percent of the tin is 0.15-0.22%; the mass percentage of the gallium is 0.12-0.20%; the balance being aluminum.
Preferably, the high-temperature and low-temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode has the impurity iron of less than or equal to 0.10 percent, the impurity silicon of less than or equal to 0.005 percent and the impurity copper of less than or equal to 0.01 percent.
More preferably, the mass percent of the nickel is 0.08-0.12%.
The preparation method of the high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting an aluminum ingot to obtain aluminum liquid, and continuously introducing inert gas for protection in the smelting process;
(2) after the heat of the aluminum liquid is preserved for 30-35 min, adding zinc into the aluminum liquid, melting and uniformly stirring, adding indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium wrapped by aluminum foil until the indium, the magnesium, the nickel, the tin and the gallium are completely melted, stirring uniformly, slagging off, and preserving the heat for 3-3.5 h to obtain a mixed liquid;
(3) and (3) casting and molding the mixed solution in a mold at 700-710 ℃, and cooling to room temperature.
Preferably, in the step (1), the smelting conditions are specifically: the smelting temperature is 750-780 ℃, the smelting time is 10-15 min, after the aluminum ingot is completely melted, stirring is carried out for 2-3 min, then the temperature is reduced to 650-670 ℃ at the speed of 2-3 ℃/min, aluminum liquid is obtained, and nitrogen is continuously introduced for protection in the smelting process.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode has the current efficiency higher than 92 percent, the open-circuit potential of-1.75 to-1.70V and the capacitance more than or equal to 2800 A.h/kg under the low-temperature condition of-50 ℃ to-60 ℃.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode has the current efficiency higher than 90 percent, the open circuit potential of-1.47 to-1.42V and the capacitance more than or equal to 2200 A.h/kg under the high-temperature condition of 90-100 ℃.
The invention has the advantages that: the high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode consists of aluminum, zinc, indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium; the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode is different from the traditional aluminum alloy sacrificial anode mainly in that 0.05-0.2% of metal nickel is added, tests show that the low-temperature resistance and the high-temperature resistance of the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode can be remarkably improved by adding 0.05-0.2% of metal nickel, and the low-temperature resistance and the high-temperature resistance of the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode can be influenced by too much or too little metal nickel. Meanwhile, the content of impurities is limited, particularly the content of silicon impurities is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the low-temperature resistance of the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode is affected if the content of silicon impurities is slightly higher.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode consists of aluminum, zinc, indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium; the mass percent of the zinc is 3.5%; the mass percent of the indium is 0.05%; the mass percent of the magnesium is 0.27%; the mass percent of the nickel is 0.15%; the mass percent of the tin is 0.11%; the mass percent of the gallium is 0.15%; the balance being aluminum.
The high-temperature and low-temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode has the impurity iron of less than or equal to 0.10 percent, the impurity silicon of 0.004 percent and the impurity copper of less than or equal to 0.01 percent.
The preparation method of the high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting an aluminum ingot to obtain aluminum liquid, and continuously introducing inert gas for protection in the smelting process;
(2) after the aluminum liquid is kept warm for 32min, adding zinc into the aluminum liquid, melting and uniformly stirring, adding indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium wrapped by aluminum foil until the indium, the magnesium, the nickel, the tin and the gallium are completely melted, uniformly stirring, removing slag, and keeping warm for 3.2h to obtain a mixed liquid;
(3) and (3) casting and molding the mixed solution in a mold at 705 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the product.
In the step (1), the smelting conditions are specifically as follows: the smelting temperature is 765 ℃, the smelting time is 12min, after the aluminum ingot is completely melted, stirring is carried out for 2.5min, then the temperature is reduced to 660 ℃ at the speed of 2.5 ℃/min, aluminum liquid is obtained, and nitrogen is continuously introduced for protection in the smelting process.
Example 2
A high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode consists of aluminum, zinc, indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium; the mass percent of the zinc is 5%; the mass percent of the indium is 0.02%; the mass percent of the magnesium is 0.3%; the mass percent of the nickel is 0.05 percent; the mass percent of the tin is 0.22%; the mass percent of the gallium is 0.12%; the balance being aluminum.
The high-temperature and low-temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode has the impurity iron less than or equal to 0.10 percent, the impurity silicon less than or equal to 0.005 percent and the impurity copper less than or equal to 0.01 percent.
The preparation method of the high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting an aluminum ingot to obtain aluminum liquid, and continuously introducing inert gas for protection in the smelting process;
(2) after the heat of the aluminum liquid is preserved for 30min, adding zinc into the aluminum liquid, melting and uniformly stirring, adding indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium wrapped by aluminum foil until the indium, the magnesium, the nickel, the tin and the gallium are completely melted, uniformly stirring, removing slag, and preserving the heat for 3.5h to obtain a mixed liquid;
(3) and (3) casting and molding the mixed solution in a mold at 700 ℃, and cooling to room temperature.
In the step (1), the smelting conditions are specifically as follows: the smelting temperature is 780 ℃, the smelting time is 10min, after the aluminum ingot is completely melted, stirring is carried out for 3min, then the temperature is reduced to 670 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, aluminum liquid is obtained, and nitrogen is continuously introduced for protection in the smelting process.
Example 3
A high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode consists of aluminum, zinc, indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium; the mass percent of the zinc is 2%; the mass percent of the indium is 0.08%; the mass percent of the magnesium is 0.2%; the mass percent of the nickel is 0.2%; the mass percent of the tin is 0.15 percent; the mass percent of the gallium is 0.20%; the balance being aluminum.
The high-temperature and low-temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode has the impurity iron of less than or equal to 0.10 percent, the impurity silicon of 0.004 percent and the impurity copper of less than or equal to 0.01 percent.
The preparation method of the high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting an aluminum ingot to obtain aluminum liquid, and continuously introducing inert gas for protection in the smelting process;
(2) keeping the temperature of the aluminum liquid for 35min, adding zinc into the aluminum liquid, melting, uniformly stirring, adding indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium wrapped by aluminum foil until the indium, the magnesium, the nickel, the tin and the gallium are completely melted, uniformly stirring, slagging off, and keeping the temperature for 3h to obtain a mixed liquid;
(3) and (3) casting and molding the mixed solution in a mold at 710 ℃, and cooling to room temperature.
In the step (1), the smelting conditions are specifically as follows: the smelting temperature is 750 ℃, the smelting time is 15min, after the aluminum ingot is completely melted, stirring is carried out for 2min, then the temperature is reduced to 650 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, aluminum liquid is obtained, and nitrogen is continuously introduced for protection in the smelting process.
Example 4
A high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode consists of aluminum, zinc, indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium; the mass percent of the zinc is 3.5%; the mass percent of the indium is 0.05%; the mass percent of the magnesium is 0.28 percent; the mass percent of the nickel is 0.08%; the mass percent of the tin is 0.15 percent; the mass percent of the gallium is 0.20%; the balance being aluminum.
The high-temperature and low-temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode has the impurity iron less than or equal to 0.10 percent, the impurity silicon less than or equal to 0.005 percent and the impurity copper less than or equal to 0.01 percent.
The preparation method of the high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting an aluminum ingot to obtain aluminum liquid, and continuously introducing inert gas for protection in the smelting process;
(2) after the aluminum liquid is kept warm for 32min, adding zinc into the aluminum liquid, melting and uniformly stirring, adding indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium wrapped by aluminum foil until the indium, the magnesium, the nickel, the tin and the gallium are completely melted, uniformly stirring, removing slag, and keeping warm for 3.5h to obtain a mixed liquid;
(3) and (3) casting and molding the mixed solution in a mold at 700 ℃, and cooling to room temperature.
In the step (1), the smelting conditions are specifically as follows: the smelting temperature is 780 ℃, the smelting time is 10min, after the aluminum ingot is completely melted, stirring is carried out for 3min, then the temperature is reduced to 670 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, aluminum liquid is obtained, and nitrogen is continuously introduced for protection in the smelting process.
Example 5
A high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode consists of aluminum, zinc, indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium; the mass percent of the zinc is 5%; the mass percent of the indium is 0.02%; the mass percent of the magnesium is 0.3%; the mass percent of the nickel is 0.12%; the mass percent of the tin is 0.22%; the mass percent of the gallium is 0.12%; the balance being aluminum.
The high-temperature and low-temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode has the impurity iron of less than or equal to 0.10 percent, the impurity silicon of 0.002 percent and the impurity copper of less than or equal to 0.01 percent.
The preparation method of the high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting an aluminum ingot to obtain aluminum liquid, and continuously introducing inert gas for protection in the smelting process;
(2) after the aluminum liquid is kept warm for 32min, adding zinc into the aluminum liquid, melting and uniformly stirring, adding indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium wrapped by aluminum foil until the indium, the magnesium, the nickel, the tin and the gallium are completely melted, uniformly stirring, removing slag, and keeping warm for 3.5h to obtain a mixed liquid;
(3) and (3) casting and molding the mixed solution in a mold at 700 ℃, and cooling to room temperature.
In the step (1), the smelting conditions are specifically as follows: the smelting temperature is 780 ℃, the smelting time is 12min, after the aluminum ingot is completely melted, stirring is carried out for 2.5min, then the temperature is reduced to 670 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, aluminum liquid is obtained, and nitrogen is continuously introduced for protection in the smelting process.
Comparative example 1
The mass percent of the metallic nickel in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be 0.04 percent, and the rest proportion and the preparation method are not changed.
Comparative example 2
The mass percent of the metallic nickel in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be 0.02 percent, and the rest proportion and the preparation method are not changed.
Comparative example 3
The mass percent of the metallic nickel in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be 0.22 percent, and the rest proportion and the preparation method are not changed.
Comparative example 4
The mass percent of the metallic nickel in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be 0.35 percent, and the rest proportion and the preparation method are not changed.
Comparative example 5
The mass percent of the impurity silicon in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be 0.007 percent, and the rest proportion and the preparation method are not changed.
Comparative example 6
The mass percent of impurity silicon in the embodiment 1 is adjusted to be 0.12 percent, and the rest proportion and the preparation method are not changed.
The high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anodes prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were tested as follows.
The detection method comprises the following steps:
test 1:
the electrochemical performance test method refers to a constant current experimental method in GB/T17848-1999, and the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode prepared in the embodiment is subjected to electrochemical performance test at-55 ℃, and specific test data are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: the low temperature resistance test result of the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode;
and (3) testing 2:
the electrochemical performance test method refers to a constant current experimental method in GB/T17848-1999, and the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode prepared in the embodiment is subjected to electrochemical performance test at 95 ℃, and specific test data are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: the high temperature resistance test result of the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode;
| current efficiency% | Open circuit potential V | Capacitance A.h/kg | |
| Example 1 | 91.7 | -1.46 | 2352 |
| Example 2 | 91.3 | -1.43 | 2242 |
| Example 3 | 91.2 | -1.42 | 2227 |
| Example 4 | 90.5 | -1.43 | 2244 |
| Example 5 | 90.2 | -1.44 | 2242 |
| Comparative example 1 | 86.1 | -1.38 | 1965 |
| Comparative example 2 | 81.7 | -1.24 | 1478 |
| Comparative example 3 | 82.5 | -1.32 | 1782 |
| Comparative example 4 | 81.4 | -1.29 | 1152 |
| Comparative example 5 | 91.5 | -1.45 | 2347 |
| Comparative example 6 | 91.4 | -1.45 | 2343 |
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode is characterized by comprising aluminum, zinc, indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium; the mass percent of the zinc is 2-5%; the mass percent of the indium is 0.02-0.08%; the mass percent of the magnesium is 0.2-0.3%; the mass percent of the nickel is 0.05-0.2%; the mass percent of the tin is 0.15-0.22%; the mass percentage of the gallium is 0.12-0.20%; the balance being aluminum.
2. The sacrificial anode of claim 1, wherein the impurity Fe is less than or equal to 0.10%, the impurity Si is less than or equal to 0.005%, and the impurity Cu is less than or equal to 0.01%.
3. The sacrificial anode of high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass percent of nickel is 0.08-0.12%.
4. The high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode of claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting an aluminum ingot to obtain aluminum liquid, and continuously introducing inert gas for protection in the smelting process;
(2) after the heat of the aluminum liquid is preserved for 30-35 min, adding zinc into the aluminum liquid, melting and uniformly stirring, adding indium, magnesium, nickel, tin and gallium wrapped by aluminum foil until the indium, the magnesium, the nickel, the tin and the gallium are completely melted, stirring uniformly, slagging off, and preserving the heat for 3-3.5 h to obtain a mixed liquid;
(3) and (3) casting and molding the mixed solution in a mold at 700-710 ℃, and cooling to room temperature.
5. The sacrificial anode of aluminum alloy with high and low temperature resistance as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (1), the smelting conditions are as follows: the smelting temperature is 750-780 ℃, the smelting time is 10-15 min, after the aluminum ingot is completely melted, stirring is carried out for 2-3 min, then the temperature is reduced to 650-670 ℃ at the speed of 2-3 ℃/min, aluminum liquid is obtained, and nitrogen is continuously introduced for protection in the smelting process.
6. The high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode has a current efficiency of more than 92%, an open circuit potential of-1.75 to-1.70V and a capacitance of more than or equal to 2800 A.h/kg at a low temperature of-50 ℃ to-60 ℃.
7. The high and low temperature resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the aluminum alloy sacrificial anode has a current efficiency of more than 90%, an open circuit potential of-1.47 to-1.42V, and a capacitance of not less than 2200A-h/kg at a high temperature of 90 ℃ to 100 ℃.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112760531A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-07 | 山东德瑞防腐材料有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy sacrificial anode and preparation method thereof |
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