CN111705174B - Method for detecting blast furnace wall junction thickness - Google Patents
Method for detecting blast furnace wall junction thickness Download PDFInfo
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- CN111705174B CN111705174B CN202010600394.XA CN202010600394A CN111705174B CN 111705174 B CN111705174 B CN 111705174B CN 202010600394 A CN202010600394 A CN 202010600394A CN 111705174 B CN111705174 B CN 111705174B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/24—Test rods or other checking devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the wall thickness of a blast furnace, which is applied to the blast furnace, wherein the blast furnace comprises a multi-section wall body, the wall body comprises a cooling wall, the hot surface of the cooling wall is attached with slag crust, the cooling wall is filled with cooling water, and a plurality of cooling wall temperature measuring points are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the method comprises the following steps: aiming at a single cooling wall temperature measuring point, obtaining first heat flow intensity from a slag crust hot surface to the cooling wall temperature measuring point; acquiring second heat intensity from a cooling wall temperature measuring point to a cooling water contact surface; obtaining the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall based on the principle that the first heat flow intensity and the second heat flow intensity are equal; whether the wall body is thick is confirmed to knot based on the slag crust thickness of wall body at every stave temperature measurement point department, and whether the mode that the wall body is thick is judged to the slag crust thickness that this application obtained based on real-time heat flux intensity, for prior art, can in time obtain the thick situation of knot of wall body, the operating personnel of being convenient for in time carries out the furnace condition and transfers the agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, in particular to a method for detecting the wall junction thickness of a blast furnace.
Background
Although modern large-scale blast furnaces already have high levels of mechanization and automation, the blast furnaces still do not get rid of the characteristics of a black box due to the complex and difficult direct measurement of internal physical changes and chemical reaction processes, and the operation of the blast furnaces still needs to be operated by experience. The analysis and judgment of the state of the blast furnace smelting process through a scientific method and quantitative data are very important for guiding the production operation of the blast furnace.
At present, the long-term stable smooth operation of a blast furnace is realized, the stability of the furnace shape is very critical, the furnace shape abnormity which has the greatest influence on the smooth operation of the blast furnace is accretion on the upper part of a furnace body and furnace wall accretions on the lower parts of the furnace body, the furnace wall accretions are more common, the blast furnace air quantity and the yield are reduced due to the furnace wall accretions, the fuel ratio is increased, and the long-time accretion thickness or the frequent accretion thickness can cause huge economic loss to iron and steel enterprises.
After the blast furnace is in the initial stage of service, the furnace walls of the furnace belly, the furnace waist and the lower part of the furnace body are mainly protected by cooling wall hot-surface slag crust, whether the furnace walls are thickened depends on the thickness of the slag crust, but the thickness of the slag crust in the normal production of the blast furnace cannot be directly measured. The traditional method for judging the furnace wall thickness by blast furnace operators is to judge according to the furnace type related parameter changes such as the water temperature difference of a cooling wall of a blast furnace, the temperature of a temperature measuring point of the cooling wall, the air quantity and the like, and the method is relatively lagged, inaccurate and easy to misjudge.
Therefore, the reasonable detection of the blast furnace slag skin thickness is very important for the long-term stable and smooth running of the blast furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a detection method for the wall junction thickness of the blast furnace, which is vital to the long-term stable smooth operation of the blast furnace, and the blast furnace operator controls the furnace type according to the wall junction thickness of the blast furnace, so that the technical problems of blast furnace air quantity, yield reduction and fuel ratio increase caused by the wall junction thickness in the prior art can be solved.
The application provides the following technical scheme through an embodiment of the application:
a method for detecting the wall thickness of a blast furnace is applied to the blast furnace, the blast furnace comprises a plurality of sections of wall bodies which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, each wall body comprises a cooling wall, a slag crust is attached to the hot surface of each cooling wall, cooling water is filled in the position, far away from the hot surface of each cooling wall, a plurality of cooling wall temperature measuring points are arranged at the position, close to the hot surface of each cooling wall, of each cooling wall at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the method comprises the following steps: aiming at a single cooling wall temperature measuring point, acquiring a first heat flow intensity from the slag crust hot surface to the cooling wall temperature measuring point, wherein the first heat flow intensity is an unknown quantity carrying the slag crust thickness of the wall body at the cooling wall temperature measuring point; acquiring second heat intensity from the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to a cooling water contact surface, wherein the cooling water contact surface is the contact surface between the cooling wall and the cooling water; obtaining the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall based on the principle that the first heat flow intensity and the second heat flow intensity are equal; and determining whether the wall body is thick or not based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each temperature measuring point of the cooling wall.
In one embodiment, the obtaining a first heat flow intensity from the hot surface of the slag crust to the temperature measurement point of the cooling wall comprises: obtaining the temperature t of the hot surface of the slag crustgThe temperature t of the temperature measuring point of the cooling wallcAnd the heat transfer distance delta from the hot surface of the cooling wall to the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall in the thickness directioncThe thermal conductivity lambda of the cooling wallWall(s)The thickness delta of the slag crust of the wall body at the temperature measuring point of the cooling wallsThe thermal conductivity coefficient lambda of the slag crustsThe convective heat transfer coefficient a between the slag crust hot surface and the furnace gash(ii) a Based on the equation
Obtaining the first heat flow intensity q from the slag crust hot surface to the cooling wall temperature measuring point1。
In one embodiment, the temperature t of the hot surface of the slag crust is obtainedgThe method comprises the following steps: obtaining the furnace top temperature t of the blast furnace topTop roofTheoretical combustion temperature t of the blast furnaceTheory of thingsThe distance l from the slag crust hot surface position of the wall body at the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to the furnace topTop roofThe distance l from the tuyere of the blast furnace to the furnace top; based on the equation
Obtaining the temperature t of the hot surface of the slag crustg。
In one embodiment, the heat conductivity coefficient lambda of the slag crust is obtainedsThe method comprises the following steps: in thatWhen the blast furnace is in the down stream line damping period, the slag crust on the hot surface of the cooling wall is collected and detected to obtain the heat conductivity coefficient lambda of the slag crustsOr carrying out reduction test by using the same raw fuel or pure reagent as the blast furnace to prepare a slag crust sample, and detecting the slag crust sample to obtain the heat conductivity coefficient lambda of the slag crusts。
In one embodiment, the obtaining the second heat intensity from the cooling wall temperature measuring point to the cooling water contact surface comprises: obtaining the temperature t of the temperature measuring point of the cooling wallcThe temperature t of the cooling water after heat exchangewThe thermal conductivity lambda of the cooling wallWall(s)And the heat transfer distance delta from the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to the contact surface of the cooling wall and the cooling water1The convective heat transfer coefficient a between the cooling water and the cooling wallw(ii) a Based on the equation
Obtaining the second heat intensity q from the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to the contact surface of the cooling water2。
In one embodiment, the heat convection coefficient a between the cooling water and the cooling wall is obtainedwThe method comprises the following steps: based on the Ditus-Beltt formula
Obtaining the heat convection coefficient a between the cooling water and the cooling wallwWherein, Nu-Nussel number, Re-Reynolds number, Pr-Prandtl number, λw-the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, d-the equivalent diameter of the cooling water channel.
In one embodiment, before the determining whether the wall is thick based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall at each stave temperature measurement point, the method further comprises: obtaining the thickness of the slag crust at each position of the wall body between the two adjacent cooling wall temperature measuring points based on the thickness of the slag crust at the two adjacent cooling wall temperature measuring points which are adjacently arranged on the wall body along the circumferential direction; the determining whether the wall body is thick based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each cooling wall temperature measuring point comprises the following steps: and determining whether the wall body is thick or not based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each cooling wall temperature measuring point and the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each position between the two adjacent cooling wall temperature measuring points.
In one embodiment, obtaining the thickness of the slag crust at each position of the wall body between the two adjacent temperature measuring points of the cooling wall based on the thickness of the slag crust at the two adjacent temperature measuring points of the cooling wall arranged along the circumferential direction on the wall body comprises: based on the equation
Obtaining the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at a first position K between the temperature measuring points of the two adjacent cooling walls, wherein the first position K is any position between the temperature measuring points of the two adjacent cooling walls, and deltaK-thickness of crust of wall at said first position K, δMThickness of the skin of the wall at the temperature measurement point M of the stave, deltaNThickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the temperature measuring point N of the cooling wall,/KM-the distance in the circumferential direction, l, of the stave temperature measurement point M from the first position KMNThe distance between the cooling wall temperature measuring point M and the cooling wall temperature measuring point N in the circumferential direction is any two adjacent cooling wall temperature measuring points arranged along the circumferential direction.
In one embodiment, the determining whether the wall is thickened based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall at each of the stave temperature measurement points and the thickness of the slag crust of the wall at positions between the two adjacent stave temperature measurement points comprises: acquiring the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each cooling wall temperature measuring point and the total numerical value of the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each position between the two adjacent cooling wall temperature measuring points; obtaining a first numerical value of the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the temperature measuring points of the cooling walls, wherein the thickness of the slag crust is greater than a preset thickness threshold value, and a second numerical value of the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each position between the two adjacent temperature measuring points of the cooling walls, wherein the thickness of the slag crust is greater than the preset thickness threshold value; judging the first numerical value, the second numerical value and the total numerical value, and determining the proportion of the thickness of the slag crust greater than the preset thickness threshold; and judging whether the ratio is greater than a preset ratio threshold value, if so, determining that the wall body is thick, and if not, determining that the wall body is not thick.
In one embodiment, after the determining whether the wall is thick based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall at each stave temperature measurement point, the method further comprises: determining a plurality of values of junction thickness of junction thicknesses in the plurality of walls; and when the knot thickness value is larger than a preset knot thickness threshold value, if the knot thickness value is larger than or equal to the preset knot thickness threshold value, determining the knot thickness of the blast furnace, and if the knot thickness value is smaller than the preset knot thickness threshold value, determining the knot thickness of the blast furnace.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
in the embodiment, a plurality of cooling wall temperature measurement points are circumferentially arranged along a wall body, and for each cooling wall temperature measurement point, a first heat flow intensity from a slag crust hot surface to the cooling wall temperature measurement point and a second heat intensity from the cooling wall temperature measurement point to a cooling water contact surface are obtained, and based on the principle that the first heat flow intensity and the second heat intensity are equal, the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the cooling wall temperature measurement point is obtained, and then the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each cooling wall temperature measurement point is obtained, so that whether the wall body is thick or not is comprehensively judged based on the thickness of the slag crust at each cooling wall temperature measurement point, and the method for judging whether the wall body is thick or not based on the thickness of the slag crust obtained by real-time heat flow intensity is capable of obtaining the thick state of the wall body in time, and is convenient for an operator to carry out furnace condition adjustment in time, and the method is provided, whether the wall body knot is thick is comprehensively judged to the cinder thickness of a plurality of cooling wall temperature measurement points that utilize circumference to set up, the cinder of avoiding appearing individual point is thick, just discern the thick condition of brickwork knot, the thick condition of more accurate discernment brickwork knot, and then avoid unnecessary furnace condition to transfer the agent operation, consequently, the thick blast furnace amount of wind, output reduction, the technical problem that fuel ratio rises that leads to of brickwork knot among the prior art is solved in this application, it is crucial to the long-term stable antecedent act of blast furnace.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting the wall junction thickness of a blast furnace provided in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the thickness of the slag crust at each circumferential position of the section 8 provided in the second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the thickness of the slag crust at each circumferential position of the section 8 provided in the third embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides a detection method for the wall junction thickness of the blast furnace, which is vital to the long-term stable smooth operation of the blast furnace, and the blast furnace operator controls the furnace type according to the wall junction thickness of the blast furnace, so that the technical problems of blast furnace air quantity, yield reduction and fuel ratio increase caused by the wall junction thickness in the prior art can be solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the general idea of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
in the embodiment, a plurality of cooling wall temperature measurement points are circumferentially arranged along a wall body, and for each cooling wall temperature measurement point, a first heat flow intensity from a slag crust hot surface to the cooling wall temperature measurement point and a second heat intensity from the cooling wall temperature measurement point to a cooling water contact surface are obtained, and based on the principle that the first heat flow intensity and the second heat intensity are equal, the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the cooling wall temperature measurement point is obtained, and then the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each cooling wall temperature measurement point is obtained, so that whether the wall body is thick or not is comprehensively judged based on the thickness of the slag crust at each cooling wall temperature measurement point, and the method for judging whether the wall body is thick or not based on the thickness of the slag crust obtained by real-time heat flow intensity is capable of obtaining the thick state of the wall body in time, and is convenient for an operator to carry out furnace condition adjustment in time, and the method is provided, whether the wall body knot is thick is comprehensively judged to the cinder thickness of a plurality of cooling wall temperature measurement points that utilize circumference to set up, the cinder of avoiding appearing individual point is thick, just discern the thick condition of brickwork knot, the thick condition of more accurate discernment brickwork knot, and then avoid unnecessary furnace condition to transfer the agent operation, consequently, the thick blast furnace amount of wind, output reduction, the technical problem that fuel ratio rises that leads to of brickwork knot among the prior art is solved in this application, it is crucial to the long-term stable antecedent act of blast furnace.
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for detecting the wall thickness of a blast furnace, which is applied to a blast furnace, the blast furnace includes a plurality of wall bodies sequentially arranged from bottom to top, each wall body includes a cooling wall, a slag crust is attached to a hot surface of the cooling wall, cooling water is filled in a position of the cooling wall far away from the hot surface of the cooling wall, and a plurality of cooling wall temperature measuring points are circumferentially arranged at intervals at a position of the cooling wall close to the hot surface of the cooling wall.
In the specific implementation process, the blast furnace sequentially comprises a hearth, a furnace belly, a furnace waist, a furnace body lower part, a furnace body upper part, a furnace throat and a furnace top from bottom to top, wherein the hearth is a furnace body between a tuyere and a furnace bottom, the tuyere at the furnace belly upper part is a starting point of fuel combustion, the furnace belly, the furnace waist and the furnace body lower part are main parts with a thickness, the furnace body upper part is a main part with a accretion, and the objects to be detected are wall bodies of the furnace belly, the furnace waist and the furnace body lower part.
It should be further noted that a plurality of cooling wall temperature measurement points are uniformly and alternately distributed along the circumferential direction, a temperature sensor is arranged at each cooling wall temperature measurement point, and the temperature of each cooling wall temperature measurement point is collected through the temperature sensor. The hot surface referred to in the present embodiment means a surface close to the inside of the blast furnace, that is, a stave hot surface, and means a surface close to the inside of the blast furnace.
Next, the method of this embodiment includes:
step S101: and acquiring a first heat flow intensity from the slag crust hot surface to the cooling wall temperature measuring point aiming at the single cooling wall temperature measuring point, wherein the first heat flow intensity is an unknown quantity carrying the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the cooling wall temperature measuring point.
The slag crust hot surface mentioned in the embodiment refers to the surface of the slag crust close to the interior of the blast furnace, and the slag crust is attached to the hot surface of the cooling wall.
Step S102: and acquiring second heat intensity from the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to the contact surface of the cooling wall and the cooling water.
Step S103: and obtaining the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall based on the principle that the first heat flow intensity and the second heat flow intensity are equal.
According to the heat conservation principle, in the heat exchange process between the heat in the blast furnace and the cooling wall and the environment, the heat reduction amount is equal to the heat increase amount, and the slag crust thickness of the wall body at the cooling wall temperature measuring point is solved by utilizing the principle that the heat reduction amount from the slag crust hot surface to the cooling wall temperature measuring point, namely the first heat flow intensity, is equal to the heat increase amount from the cooling wall temperature measuring point to the cooling wall and cooling water contact surface, namely the second heat intensity. The mode that this embodiment is thick whether the wall body knot is thick is judged to slag crust thickness that obtains based on real-time heat flux intensity, for prior art, can in time obtain the thick situation of knot of wall body, and the operating personnel of being convenient for in time carries out the furnace condition and transfers the agent, avoids carrying out the hysteresis quality of the scheme that detects based on the amount of wind etc. among the prior art.
Step S104: and determining whether the wall body is thick or not based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each temperature measuring point of the cooling wall.
The applicant finds that, in the practical process, through analysis of a three-dimensional heat transfer simulation result of a cooling wall of a blast furnace, when the blast furnace normally operates, heat is mainly transmitted through cooling wall ribs along the thickness direction of the cooling wall, and the heat transfer in the height direction and the width direction and the heat transfer in a dovetail groove along the thickness direction are relatively small, so that the thickness of slag crust on the cooling wall at a position corresponding to the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall is calculated according to the heat flow intensity from the slag crust hot surface of the cooling wall to the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall in the thickness direction, which is equal to the heat flow intensity from the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to the contact surface of the cooling wall and cooling water, and as the brick lining on the cooling wall hot surface can be eroded quickly in the initial stage of furnace service, the brick lining on the cooling wall hot surface is not considered.
This application, the cinder scale thickness of a plurality of cooling wall temperature measurement points that utilize circumference to set up comes the comprehensive mode of judging whether the wall body knot is thick, the cinder scale of avoiding appearing individual point is thick, just discern the thick condition of brickwork knot, the discernment brickwork knot that can be more accurate is thick, and then avoid unnecessary furnace condition to transfer the agent operation, consequently, the blast furnace amount of wind that the thick blast furnace volume that leads to of brickwork knot, output reduction, the technical problem that fuel ratio rises among the prior art is solved in this application, it is crucial to the long-term stable antecedent line of blast furnace.
As an alternative embodiment, step S101 includes:
obtaining the temperature t of the hot surface of the slag crustgTemperature t of temperature measuring point of cooling wallcAnd the heat transfer distance delta from the hot surface of the cooling wall to the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall in the thickness directioncThermal conductivity lambda of cooling wallWall(s)Slag crust thickness delta of wall body at temperature measuring point of cooling wallsAnd the thermal conductivity coefficient lambda of slag crustsThe heat convection coefficient a between the slag crust hot surface and the furnace gash；
Based on the equation
Obtaining the first heat flow intensity q from the slag crust hot surface to the cooling wall temperature measuring point1。
In this embodiment, to in the heat exchange, thermal reduction, except considering the heat reduction of cinder, the heat reduction of stave hot side to stave temperature measurement point, still considered the convection heat transfer between cinder hot side and burner gas, the burner gas rises the in-process promptly, the heat of taking away, consequently, the reduction of this application in can reducing the heat transfer process more accurately to be favorable to follow-up accurate discernment furnace wall knot thick.
In this embodiment, the temperature t at the temperature measuring point of the stave coolercAnd the heat transfer distance delta from the hot surface of the cooling wall to the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall in the thickness directioncThermal conductivity lambda of cooling wallWall(s)Can be directly obtained according to the material and the structure of the cooling wall of the blast furnace and the data detected by the temperature sensor, and the heat convection coefficient a between the hot surface of the slag crust and the furnace gashApplicants have found thathThe value of (A) has little influence on the calculation result and can be taken according to the reference documents.
As an alternative embodiment, the temperature t of the hot surface of the slag crust is obtainedgThe method comprises the following steps:
obtaining the furnace top temperature t of the blast furnace topTop roofTheoretical combustion temperature t of blast furnaceTheory of thingsThe distance l from the slag crust hot surface position of the wall body at the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to the furnace topTop roofAnd the distance l from the tuyere of the blast furnace to the furnace top.
Because the temperature of the furnace gas flow is gradually reduced in the process of the blast furnace from bottom to top, and the temperature of the gas flow is lowest at the position of the furnace top, the temperature measuring instrument can be directly arranged at the position to obtain the furnace top temperature t of the blast furnace top in the practical implementation processTop roof. And the theoretical combustion temperature t of the blast furnaceTheory of thingsThe temperature value is the temperature value of the position corresponding to the blast furnace tuyere, the position is the starting point of the combustion of the fuel and the ore, the temperature is the highest at the position and is not suitable for being measured by a temperature measuring instrument, therefore, in the embodiment, the theoretical combustion temperature t of the blast furnace is obtained by utilizing the combustion principleTheory of thingsAnd can also represent the temperature there.
Based on the equation
Obtaining the temperature t of the hot surface of the slag crustg。
The applicant finds that the inner part of the blast furnace is changed in real time during operation, and the coal gas flows of the slag crust hot surface at different parts at the same time are also changedDifferent, especially different, blast furnace internal conditions are greatly different, therefore, in the embodiment, the temperature t of the slag crust hot surface isgBy using a linear difference method based on the distance in the height direction from the theoretical combustion temperature t of the blast furnaceTheory of thingsAnd the furnace top temperature t of the blast furnace topTop roofCalculated as the furnace top temperature t of the blast furnace topTop roofIs a monitored real-time temperature and can reflect the real-time change in the furnace, so the temperature t of the hot surface of the slag crust is obtainedgThe temperature t of the hot surface of the slag crust can be accurately obtained in the mode of the applicationgAnd further, the thickness of the slag crust can be detected more accurately.
As an optional embodiment, the heat conductivity coefficient lambda of the slag crust is obtainedsThe method comprises the following steps:
when the blast furnace is in the down stream damping period, the slag crust on the hot surface of the cooling wall is collected for detection to obtain the heat conductivity coefficient lambda of the slag crustsOr is or
Carrying out reduction test by using the same raw fuel or pure reagent as the blast furnace to prepare a slag crust sample, and detecting the slag crust sample to obtain the heat conductivity coefficient lambda of the slag crusts。
As an alternative embodiment, step S102 includes:
obtaining the temperature t of the temperature measuring point of the cooling wallcThe temperature t of the cooling water after heat exchangewThermal conductivity lambda of cooling wallWall(s)The heat transfer distance delta from the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to the contact surface of the cooling wall and the cooling water1The convective heat transfer coefficient a between the cooling water and the cooling wallw。
In this embodiment, the temperature t at the temperature measuring point of the stave coolercThe temperature t of the cooling water after heat exchangewCan be directly obtained from the data detected by the temperature sensor, and the heat conductivity coefficient lambda of the cooling wallWall(s)The heat transfer distance delta from the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to the contact surface of the cooling wall and the cooling water1Can be directly obtained according to the material and the structure of the blast furnace cooling wall.
Based on the equation
Obtaining the second heat intensity q from the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to the contact surface of the cooling water2。
As an alternative embodiment, the convective heat transfer coefficient a between the cooling water and the cooling wall is obtainedwThe method comprises the following steps:
based on the Ditus-Beltt formula
Obtaining the heat convection coefficient a between the cooling water and the cooling wallwWherein, Nu-Nussel number, Re-Reynolds number, Pr-Prandtl number, λw-the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, d-the equivalent diameter of the cooling water channel.
Since the cooling water is forced convection in the pipeline, the heat convection coefficient awThe value of (a) can be obtained by a figure-dius-bell formula.
Nu, Re, Pr and lambda in this examplewThe equivalent diameter d of the cooling water channel is determined by the design of a blast furnace cooling system according to the temperature of cooling water, in the embodiment, the heat increment not only considers the heat increment of a cooling wall, but also considers the convective heat transfer between the cooling water and the cooling wall, and different blast furnaces and different parts a of the blast furnaces are different when the convective heat transfer of the embodiment is consideredwThe method and the device have the advantages that the value is different, the heat increment can be obtained more accurately, and then the thickness of the slag crust can be detected more accurately.
As an alternative embodiment, before step S104, the method further includes:
obtaining the thickness of the slag crust at each position of the wall body between the temperature measuring points of the two adjacent cooling walls based on the thickness of the slag crust at the temperature measuring points of the two adjacent cooling walls which are adjacently arranged on the wall body along the circumferential direction;
determining whether the wall body is thick based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each cooling wall temperature measuring point, comprising:
and determining whether the wall body is thick or not based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each cooling wall temperature measuring point and the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each position between two adjacent cooling wall temperature measuring points.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the slag crust at each position between two adjacent cooling wall temperature measurement points is approximately obtained through the thickness of the slag crust at the two adjacent cooling wall temperature measurement points, and then the thickness of the slag crust at any position on the wall body along the circumferential distribution can be obtained.
Meanwhile, the more the number of the obtained slag crust thickness is, the more effective and accurate the evaluation on whether the section of the wall body is thick or not is.
As an alternative embodiment, obtaining the thickness of the slag crust at each position of the wall body between the two adjacent temperature measuring points of the cooling wall based on the thickness of the slag crust at the two adjacent temperature measuring points of the cooling wall arranged along the circumferential direction on the wall body includes:
based on the equation
Obtaining the thickness of the slag crust at a first position K of the wall body between the temperature measuring points of the two adjacent cooling walls, wherein the first position K is any position between the temperature measuring points of the two adjacent cooling walls, and deltaKThickness of crust of wall at first position K, deltaMThickness of skin, delta, of wall at temperature measuring point M of staveNThickness of slag crust at temperature measuring point N of cooling wallKMDistance in the circumferential direction of the stave temperature measurement point M from the first position K, lMNAnd the distance between the cooling wall temperature measuring point M and the cooling wall temperature measuring point N in the circumferential direction is any two adjacent cooling wall temperature measuring points arranged along the circumferential direction.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the slag crust at the position where each cooling wall is not located at the corresponding detection point is calculated by a linear difference method according to the thickness of the slag crust at the corresponding position of the temperature measurement points of the two adjacent cooling walls.
As an alternative embodiment, determining whether the wall is thick based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall at each of the two stave temperature measurement points and the thickness of the slag crust of the wall at each position between the two adjacent stave temperature measurement points includes:
and acquiring the total numerical value of the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the temperature measuring points of the cooling walls and the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each position between the temperature measuring points of the two adjacent cooling walls.
And acquiring a first numerical value of the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the temperature measuring points of the cooling walls, wherein the thickness of the slag crust is greater than a preset thickness threshold value, and a second numerical value of the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each position between the two adjacent temperature measuring points of the cooling walls, wherein the thickness of the slag crust is greater than the preset thickness threshold value.
In the specific implementation process, the value range of the preset thickness threshold is 200 mm-300 mm, and the larger the blast furnace is, the larger the value is.
And judging the first numerical value, the second numerical value and the total numerical value, and determining the proportion of the thickness of the slag crust greater than a preset thickness threshold value.
And judging whether the proportion is greater than a preset proportion threshold value or not, if so, determining that the wall body is thick, and if not, determining that the wall body is not thick.
In the specific implementation process, the value of the preset proportion threshold is three-quarters, namely when the proportion that the thickness of the slag crust is greater than the preset thickness threshold is greater than or equal to three-quarters, the thickness of the wall body of the section is judged.
As an alternative embodiment, after step S104, the method further includes:
determining a plurality of junction thickness values of junction thickness in a plurality of walls;
and when the knot thickness value is larger than a preset knot thickness threshold value, determining the knot thickness of the blast furnace if the knot thickness value is larger than or equal to the preset knot thickness threshold value, and determining the knot thickness of the blast furnace if the knot thickness value is smaller than the preset knot thickness threshold value.
In the specific implementation process, the preset knot thickness threshold value can be set as required, if one section or multiple sections of knot thickness occurs in the blast furnace, the knot thickness of the blast furnace is judged, and at the moment, an operator can adopt measures of loosening the edge, adding clean coke or adding furnace washing agent to the blast furnace.
The method calculates the thickness of the slag crust on the hot surface of the cooling wall of the blast furnace based on the method combining heat transfer calculation, linear difference calculation and statistical analysis, judges the thickness of the wall of the blast furnace, and is used for guiding the operation of the blast furnace.
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the application at least has the following technical effects or advantages:
in this embodiment, a plurality of cooling wall temperature measurement points are circumferentially arranged along a wall body, and for each cooling wall temperature measurement point, a first heat flux intensity from a slag crust hot surface to the cooling wall temperature measurement point and a second heat flux intensity from the cooling wall temperature measurement point to a cooling water contact surface are obtained, and based on the principle that the first heat flux intensity and the second heat flux intensity are equal, a slag crust thickness of the wall body at the cooling wall temperature measurement point is obtained, and further a slag crust thickness of the wall body at each cooling wall temperature measurement point is obtained, so that based on the slag crust thickness at each cooling wall temperature measurement point, whether the wall body is thick or not is comprehensively judged The slag crust of avoiding appearing the individual point is thick, just discerns the thick condition of brickwork knot, and the thick discernment brickwork knot that can be more accurate is thick, and then avoids unnecessary furnace condition adjustment operation, consequently, the technical problem that the thick blast furnace amount of wind, output that lead to of brickwork knot, fuel ratio rise among the prior art is solved in this application, and is vital to the long-term stable antecedent line of blast furnace.
Example two
Using the method provided in the first embodiment to determine 3200m3Whether the blast furnace shape is thick or not comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the heat transfer calculation method provided in the first embodiment, the thickness of the slag crust corresponding to the temperature measuring point position of the cooling wall at each section of the furnace belly, the furnace waist and the lower part of the furnace body (from 6 sections to 9 sections of the blast furnace from bottom to top) is calculated, and the calculation results in the two cases are respectively shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 calculation results of the thickness of the slag crust in mm corresponding to the position of the temperature measuring point of each cooling wall section in the first case.
And then, calculating the thickness of the slag crust of each section of cooling wall not at the position corresponding to the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall by adopting a linear difference method according to the thickness of the slag crust at the position corresponding to the temperature measuring point of the adjacent cooling wall to obtain the thickness of the slag crust at all positions, wherein a schematic diagram of the thickness of the slag crust at each position in the circumferential direction of the section 8 in the table 1 is shown in fig. 2.
Finally, the wall thickness of the blast furnace is judged to be 3200m3The selected preset thickness threshold value of the blast furnace is 250mm, and as can be seen from table 1 and fig. 1, although the thickness of the slag crust at individual positions in table 1 and fig. 1 exceeds the preset thickness threshold value, the proportion of the thickness of the slag crust at each section exceeding the preset thickness threshold value is not 3/4, and it is judged that the wall bodies of the 6 th section to the 9 th section are not thickened, namely, the blast furnace type is not thickened.
The above determination is consistent with the actual furnace condition of the blast furnace, and the blast furnace corresponding to this embodiment is stable and smooth.
EXAMPLE III
Using the method provided in the first embodiment to determine 3200m3Whether the blast furnace shape is thick or not comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the heat transfer calculation method provided in the first embodiment, the thickness of the slag crust corresponding to the temperature measuring point position of the cooling wall at each section of the furnace belly, the furnace waist and the lower part of the furnace body (from 6 sections to 9 sections of the blast furnace from bottom to top) is calculated, and the calculation results in the two cases are respectively shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 calculation of the thickness of the skin in mm, corresponding to the position of the temperature measuring point of each cooling wall section in the second case
And then, calculating the thickness of the slag crust of each section of cooling wall not at the position corresponding to the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall by adopting a linear difference method according to the thickness of the slag crust at the position corresponding to the temperature measuring point of the adjacent cooling wall to obtain the thickness of the slag crust at all positions, wherein a schematic diagram of the thickness of the slag crust at each position in the circumferential direction of the section 8 in the table 2 is shown in fig. 3.
Finally, the wall thickness of the blast furnace is judged to be 3200m3The selected preset thickness threshold value of the blast furnace is 250mm, as can be seen from table 2 and fig. 2, the thickness of the slag crust at the 6 th section, the 7 th section and the 9 th section in table 2 and fig. 2 at individual positions exceeds the preset thickness threshold value, and the thickness is not thickened, but the ratio of the thickness of the slag crust at the 8 th section to the preset thickness threshold value is larger than 3/4, which indicates that the wall body of the 8 th section is thickened, and then the wall thickness of the blast furnace is judged, particularly the thickness of the 8 th section, and the blast furnace is recommended to adopt the measures of loosening the edge, adding coke cleaning or adding furnace washing agent.
The above judgment is consistent with the actual furnace condition of the blast furnace, and the corresponding furnace condition fluctuation of the blast furnace with reduced air volume and reduced water temperature difference of the cooling wall can be taken as corresponding regulation measures according to the method provided by the embodiment.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. The method for detecting the wall junction thickness of the blast furnace is characterized by being applied to the blast furnace, wherein the blast furnace comprises a plurality of sections of wall bodies which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, each wall body comprises a cooling wall, a slag crust is attached to the hot surface of the cooling wall, cooling water is filled in the position, away from the hot surface of the cooling wall, and a plurality of cooling wall temperature measuring points are arranged at the position, close to the hot surface of the cooling wall, of the cooling wall at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the method comprises the following steps:
aiming at a single cooling wall temperature measuring point, acquiring a first heat flow intensity from the slag crust hot surface to the cooling wall temperature measuring point, wherein the first heat flow intensity is an unknown quantity carrying the slag crust thickness of the wall body at the cooling wall temperature measuring point;
acquiring second heat intensity from the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to a cooling water contact surface, wherein the cooling water contact surface is the contact surface between the cooling wall and the cooling water;
obtaining the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall based on the principle that the first heat flow intensity and the second heat flow intensity are equal;
determining whether the wall body is thick based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each temperature measuring point of the cooling wall;
determining the number of the junction thickness values of the junction thicknesses in the multi-section wall bodies; and judging whether the knot thickness value is larger than a preset knot thickness threshold value or not, if so, determining the knot thickness of the blast furnace, and if not, determining the knot thickness of the blast furnace.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining a first heat flow intensity from the hot surface of the slag crust to the stave temperature measurement point comprises:
obtaining the temperature t of the hot surface of the slag crustgThe temperature t of the temperature measuring point of the cooling wallcAnd the heat transfer distance delta from the hot surface of the cooling wall to the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall in the thickness directioncThe thermal conductivity lambda of the cooling wallWall(s)The thickness delta of the slag crust of the wall body at the temperature measuring point of the cooling wallsThe thermal conductivity coefficient lambda of the slag crustsThe slagConvection heat transfer coefficient a between a skin heating surface and furnace gash；
Based on the equation
Obtaining the first heat flow intensity q from the slag crust hot surface to the cooling wall temperature measuring point1。
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the temperature t of the hot face of the slag crust is performedgThe method comprises the following steps:
obtaining the furnace top temperature t of the blast furnace topTop roofTheoretical combustion temperature t of the blast furnaceTheory of thingsThe distance l from the slag crust hot surface position of the wall body at the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to the furnace topTop roofThe distance l from the tuyere of the blast furnace to the furnace top;
based on the equation
Obtaining the temperature t of the hot surface of the slag crustg。
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the thermal conductivity λ of the slag crust is performed bysThe method comprises the following steps:
when the blast furnace is in a down-line blowing-down period, collecting the slag crust on the hot surface of the cooling wall for detection to obtain the heat conductivity coefficient lambda of the slag crustsOr is or
Carrying out reduction test by using the same raw fuel or pure reagent as the blast furnace to prepare a slag crust sample, and detecting the slag crust sample to obtain the heat conductivity coefficient lambda of the slag crusts。
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said obtaining a second heat intensity from the stave temperature measurement point to the cooling water contact surface comprises:
obtaining the temperature t of the temperature measuring point of the cooling wallcThe temperature of the cooling water after heat exchangetwThe thermal conductivity lambda of the cooling wallWall(s)And the heat transfer distance delta from the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to the contact surface of the cooling wall and the cooling water1The convective heat transfer coefficient a between the cooling water and the cooling wallw；
Based on the equation
Obtaining the second heat intensity q from the temperature measuring point of the cooling wall to the contact surface of the cooling water2。
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said obtaining of the convective heat transfer coefficient a between said cooling water and said cooling wallwThe method comprises the following steps:
based on the Ditus-Beltt formula
Obtaining the heat convection coefficient a between the cooling water and the cooling wallwWherein, Nu-Nussel number, Re-Reynolds number, Pr-Prandtl number, λw-the thermal conductivity of the cooling water, d-the equivalent diameter of the cooling water channel.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to said determining whether the wall is thickened based on a thickness of a skin of the wall at each stave temperature measurement point, further comprising:
obtaining the thickness of the slag crust at each position of the wall body between the two adjacent cooling wall temperature measuring points based on the thickness of the slag crust at the two adjacent cooling wall temperature measuring points which are adjacently arranged on the wall body along the circumferential direction;
the determining whether the wall body is thick based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each cooling wall temperature measuring point comprises the following steps:
and determining whether the wall body is thick or not based on the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each cooling wall temperature measuring point and the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each position between the two adjacent cooling wall temperature measuring points.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein obtaining the thickness of the slag crust at each location of the wall between two adjacent stave temperature measurement points based on the thickness of the slag crust at the two adjacent stave temperature measurement points circumferentially disposed on the wall comprises:
based on the equation
Obtaining the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at a first position K between the temperature measuring points of the two adjacent cooling walls, wherein the first position K is any position between the temperature measuring points of the two adjacent cooling walls, and deltaK-thickness of crust of wall at said first position K, δMThickness of the skin of the wall at the temperature measurement point M of the stave, deltaNThickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the temperature measuring point N of the cooling wall,/KM-the distance in the circumferential direction, l, of the stave temperature measurement point M from the first position KMNThe distance between the cooling wall temperature measuring point M and the cooling wall temperature measuring point N in the circumferential direction is any two adjacent cooling wall temperature measuring points arranged along the circumferential direction.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein determining whether the wall is thickly built based on the thickness of the skin of the wall at each of the stave temperature measurement points and the thickness of the skin of the wall at locations between the two adjacent stave temperature measurement points comprises:
acquiring the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each cooling wall temperature measuring point and the total numerical value of the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each position between the two adjacent cooling wall temperature measuring points;
obtaining a first numerical value of the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at the temperature measuring points of the cooling walls, wherein the thickness of the slag crust is greater than a preset thickness threshold value, and a second numerical value of the thickness of the slag crust of the wall body at each position between the two adjacent temperature measuring points of the cooling walls, wherein the thickness of the slag crust is greater than the preset thickness threshold value;
judging the first numerical value, the second numerical value and the total numerical value, and determining the proportion of the thickness of the slag crust greater than the preset thickness threshold;
and judging whether the ratio is greater than a preset ratio threshold value, if so, determining that the wall body is thick, and if not, determining that the wall body is not thick.
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| CN112575134B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-05-03 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Blast furnace slag skin thickness calculation method and blast furnace high-temperature area operation furnace type online calculation system |
| CN113987009A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-28 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Blast furnace local accretion detection method, electronic device and storage medium |
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