CN111701832A - Giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer and transduction method - Google Patents
Giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer and transduction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111701832A CN111701832A CN202010573350.2A CN202010573350A CN111701832A CN 111701832 A CN111701832 A CN 111701832A CN 202010573350 A CN202010573350 A CN 202010573350A CN 111701832 A CN111701832 A CN 111701832A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/08—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with magnetostriction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B3/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency involving a change of amplitude
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- B06B2201/50—Application to a particular transducer type
- B06B2201/58—Magnetostrictive transducer
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic processing, and relates to a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer and a transduction method thereof, wherein the transducer comprises a rear cover plate, a magnetic conduction cylinder, a shell and an amplitude transformer which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; a vibration part is arranged in the magnetic conduction cylinder; a wedge-shaped block is arranged in the shell, and the size of the shell is slightly larger than that of the wedge-shaped block; one end of the vibration component is contacted with the rear cover plate, and the other end of the vibration component is contacted with the amplitude transformer through the wedge-shaped block; the rear cover plate, the vibration component and the wedge-shaped block are fixed through a pre-tightening bolt; the wedge block comprises two inclined planes; one inclined plane is contacted with the end surface of the amplitude transformer; the other inclined plane is perpendicular to the end face of the vibration component, and the included angle between the two inclined planes is 10-60 degrees. The invention converts the vibration in a single direction into the elliptical composite vibration in two directions through the wedge-shaped block, has large vibration power, good effect and simple structure, and can adjust the vibration frequency and the elliptical vibration track of the transducer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic processing, and relates to a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer and a transduction method thereof.
Background
The ultrasonic processing technology is widely applied to the processing of hard and brittle materials, a single vibration mode is adopted in the traditional ultrasonic processing, the elliptical vibration mode is developed along with the continuous improvement and perfection of the ultrasonic vibration theory and practice, compared with the conventional ultrasonic vibration processing, the elliptical vibration has great advantages in the processing of hard and brittle materials, the cutting force and the cutting temperature can be effectively reduced, and the processing quality of workpieces, the durability of cutters and the stability of processing systems can be obviously improved.
At present, two methods are mainly used for generating elliptical vibration, one method is to adopt two groups or more than two groups of piezoelectric ceramic plates to excite and generate two or more vibration modes with certain phases, the other method is to respectively apply longitudinal ultrasonic vibration in two directions by two transducers to realize elliptical vibration output, but at least two ultrasonic driving power signals are required to be equipped to control the phase difference between the ultrasonic driving power signals, and the ultrasonic vibration system and the control system have complicated structures, are difficult to control and have high cost; in addition, the piezoelectric transducer has small power capacity, and is difficult to realize high-power and large-amplitude ultrasonic vibration output, thereby restricting the application in industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems of single vibration form, small output power and complex structure of the existing transducer, the invention provides a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer and a transduction method thereof, which can realize elliptical composite vibration, large vibration power, good effect and simple structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer comprises a rear cover plate, a magnetic conduction cylinder, a shell and an amplitude transformer which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; a vibration part is arranged in the magnetic conduction cylinder; a wedge block is arranged in the shell, and the size of the shell is slightly larger than that of the wedge block; one end of the vibration component is contacted with the rear cover plate, and the other end of the vibration component is contacted with the amplitude transformer through the wedge-shaped block; the rear cover plate, the vibration component and the wedge-shaped block are fixed through pre-tightening bolts.
Further, the wedge block comprises two inclined surfaces; one inclined plane is contacted with the end surface of the amplitude transformer; the other inclined plane is perpendicular to the end face of the vibration component, and an included angle between the two inclined planes is 10-60 degrees.
Further, the vibration component comprises a giant magnetostrictive rod and a coil sleeved outside the giant magnetostrictive rod; the axial direction of the giant magnetostrictive rod is parallel to the axial direction of the magnetic conduction cylinder; the two ends of the giant magnetostrictive rod are sequentially provided with a permanent magnet and a magnetic conduction block from the middle to the two ends; the rear cover plate, the giant magnetostrictive rod and the wedge-shaped block are fixed through pre-tightening bolts.
The giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer further comprises a magnetic conductive sheet arranged between the magnetic conductive cylinder and the shell.
A transduction method of a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer comprises the following steps: after the energy converter is electrified, the vibration component converts electric energy into kinetic energy, converts the vibration in one direction into elliptical composite vibration in two directions through the wedge block, adjusts the frequency and amplitude of the elliptical composite vibration through the wedge block, and transmits the elliptical composite vibration to the amplitude transformer.
Further, the specific transduction method is as follows: alternating current is applied to a coil on the giant magnetostrictive rod to generate an alternating magnetic field, the giant magnetostrictive rod generates unidirectional telescopic vibration under the alternating magnetic field, and the unidirectional vibration generated by the giant magnetostrictive rod is converted into large-amplitude elliptical composite vibration in two directions through the magnetic conduction block and the wedge block and is transmitted to the amplitude transformer.
Furthermore, the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude are adjusted through the diameter and the included angle of the wedge-shaped block in the transduction process of the transducer.
Furthermore, the diameter of the wedge-shaped block is larger than the width of the magnetic conduction block and smaller than a quarter wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the transducer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the wedge-shaped block is arranged between the end part of the amplitude transformer and the lower end of the vibration component; the vibrating part comprises a giant magnetostrictive rod arranged on the axial direction of the magnetic conduction sleeve, permanent magnets and magnetizers at two ends of the giant magnetostrictive rod, the giant magnetostrictive rod generates large-amplitude ultrasonic vibration in a single direction, the large-amplitude ultrasonic vibration is converted into large-amplitude ultrasonic elliptical composite vibration in two directions through the wedge-shaped block, and the large-amplitude ultrasonic elliptical composite vibration is transmitted to the amplitude transformer, so that the structure is simple.
2. In the invention, the structure of the magnetic conduction block at the lower end of the giant magnetostrictive rod is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the large circular end face is contacted with the wedge-shaped block, thereby being beneficial to the radiation of the ultrasonic energy vibration generated by the giant magnetostrictive rod to the wedge-shaped block and the direction of the amplitude transformer.
3. In the invention, the resonant frequency of the transducer and the output elliptical vibration can be properly adjusted by changing the included angle of the wedge-shaped block; the angles of the wedge-shaped blocks are different, the elliptical tracks output by the top end of the amplitude transformer are different, and meanwhile, the diameter of the wedge-shaped block is larger than that of the magnetic conduction block and smaller than the quarter wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the transducer.
4. In the invention, the inner diameter of the shell is slightly larger than the size of the wedge-shaped block, so that gaps are reserved among the wedge-shaped block, the shell and the magnetic conductive sheet, and the influence on the vibration of the transducer caused by the mutual contact among the wedge-shaped block, the magnetic conductive sheet and the shell is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the wedge block and horn of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an elliptical vibration trace plot for the transducer of experiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the transducer in test 1;
FIG. 6 is an elliptical vibration trace plot for the transducer in experiment 2;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the lateral displacement and the longitudinal displacement of the transducer in test 2;
FIG. 8 is an elliptical vibration trace plot for the transducer in experiment 3;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the lateral displacement and the longitudinal displacement of the transducer in experiment 3;
in the figure:
the magnetic field type magnetic field.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer, which comprises a rear cover plate 2, a magnetic conduction cylinder 5, a shell 14 and an amplitude transformer 9 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; a vibration part is arranged in the magnetic conduction cylinder 5; the wedge-shaped block 8 is arranged in the shell 14, and the size of the shell 14 is slightly larger than that of the wedge-shaped block 8; one end of the vibration component is contacted with the rear cover plate 2, and the other end of the vibration component is contacted with the amplitude transformer 9 through the wedge-shaped block 8; the rear cover plate 2, the vibration component and the wedge-shaped block 8 are fixed through a pre-tightening bolt 1.
In the invention, the wedge block 8 comprises two inclined planes; one inclined plane is in contact with the end surface of the amplitude transformer 9; the other inclined plane is perpendicular to the end face of the vibration component, and the included angle between the two inclined planes is 10-60 degrees.
In the invention, the vibration part comprises a giant magnetostrictive rod 4 and a coil 11 sleeved outside the giant magnetostrictive rod 4; the axial direction of the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 is parallel to the axial direction of the magnetic conduction cylinder 5; the permanent magnet 3 and the magnetic conduction block 6 are sequentially arranged at two ends of the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 from the middle to two ends; the rear cover plate 2, the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 and the wedge-shaped block 8 are fixed through a pre-tightening bolt 1. The two giant magnetostrictive rods 4 are symmetrically arranged in the magnetic conduction cylinder 5.
The giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer further comprises a magnetic conductive sheet 7 arranged between the magnetic conductive cylinder 5 and the shell 14.
The invention provides a transduction method of a giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer, which comprises the following steps: after the energy converter is electrified, the vibration component converts electric energy into kinetic energy, converts the vibration in a single direction into elliptical compound vibration in two directions through the wedge block 8, adjusts the frequency and amplitude of the elliptical compound vibration through the wedge block 8, and transmits the elliptical compound vibration to the amplitude transformer 9.
In the invention, the specific transduction method of the transducer is as follows: alternating current is applied to a coil 11 on the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 to generate an alternating magnetic field, the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 generates unidirectional telescopic vibration under the alternating magnetic field, and the unidirectional telescopic vibration generated by the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 is converted into large-amplitude elliptical composite vibration in two directions through the magnetic conduction block 6 and the wedge block 8 and is transmitted to the amplitude transformer 9. The vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude are adjusted by the diameter and the included angle of the wedge-shaped block 8 in the process of transducing the transducer. The diameter of the wedge-shaped block 8 is larger than the width of the magnetic conduction block 6 and smaller than a quarter wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the transducer.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer includes a back cover plate 2, a magnetic cylinder 5, a magnetic conductive sheet 7, a housing 14, and an amplitude transformer 9, which are sequentially connected from top to bottom.
In this embodiment, the magnetic conduction cylinder 5 is a circular cylinder, and a vibration component is arranged inside the magnetic conduction cylinder 5; a wedge block 8 is arranged in the shell 14; one end of the vibration component is contacted with the rear cover plate 2, and the other end of the vibration component is connected with the amplitude transformer 9 through the wedge-shaped block 8.
In the embodiment, the main body of the wedge block 8 is formed by cutting two ends of a cylinder, the wedge block 8 comprises two inclined planes, the included angle between the two inclined planes is 30 degrees, the diameter of the wedge block 8 is that one inclined plane is contacted with the end part of the amplitude transformer 9, and the other inclined plane is contacted with the end part of the vibration component; the rear cover plate 2 and the vibration component are fixed with the wedge-shaped block 8 through the pretightening bolt 1; the connecting part of the vibrating part and the wedge-shaped block 8 is provided with a magnetic conductive sheet 7, and the magnetic conductive sheet 7 is positioned between the magnetic conductive cylinder 5 and the shell 14; the end part of the magnetic conduction cylinder 5, the end part of the magnetic conduction sheet 7 and the end part of the shell 14 are respectively fixed through a bolt A12 and a nut A13, the vibration in a single direction is converted into the elliptical compound vibration in two directions through the wedge block 8 and is transmitted to the amplitude transformer 9, and the frequency and the amplitude of the elliptical compound vibration can be adjusted through the wedge block 8.
In this embodiment, the vibrating component includes a giant magnetostrictive rod 4 and a coil 11 sleeved outside the giant magnetostrictive rod 4; the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 is arranged inside the magnetic conduction cylinder 5, and the axial direction of the giant magnetostrictive rod is parallel to the axial direction of the magnetic conduction cylinder 5; one end of the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 is contacted with the rear cover plate 2 through the permanent magnet 3 and the magnetic conduction block 6 in sequence; the other end of the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 is contacted with the inclined plane of the wedge block 8 through the permanent magnet 3 and the magnetic conduction block 6 in sequence; the rear cover plate 2, the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 and the wedge-shaped block 8 are fixed through a pre-tightening bolt 1;
in this embodiment, the magnetic conduction block 6 in contact with the wedge block 8 has a circular truncated cone structure, one end of the large circular truncated cone is in contact with the inclined surface of the wedge block 8, and one end of the small circular truncated cone is in contact with the giant magnetostrictive rod 4 through the permanent magnet 3.
In this embodiment, the magnetic conductive plate 7 is disposed between the magnetic conductive cylinder 5 and the casing 14, and the magnetic conductive plate 7 contacts with the outer sidewall of the magnetic conductive block 6. And one end of the magnetic conductive sheet 7 is contacted with the outer wall of the magnetic conductive block 6, and the other end of the magnetic conductive sheet 7 is fixed by a bolt A12 and a nut A13.
In this embodiment, the inner dimension of the shell 14 is slightly larger than the dimension of the wedge-shaped block 8, so that gaps exist between the wedge-shaped block 8 and the shell 14 and between the wedge-shaped block 8 and the magnetic conductive sheet 7, and the influence on the vibration of the transducer caused by mutual contact is avoided.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, inside the housing 14, the inclined surface of the wedge block 8 and the horn 9 are fixed by two screws C17, the two holes of the wedge block 8 being countersunk. The diameter d of the wedge block 8 is 22mm, and the angle and the diameter d of the wedge block 8 are changed, so that the elliptical vibration track of the transducer is properly adjusted. Outside the housing 14, the flange of the horn 9 is connected to the flange of the housing 14 and is secured with bolts B15 and nuts B16.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the material of the rear cover plate 2 is stainless steel; the diameter of the back cover plate 2 is 36mm and the length is 36.5 mm.
The wedge-shaped block 8 is made of aluminum alloy. The magnetic conducting cylinder 5, the magnetic conducting block 6 and the magnetic conducting sheet 7 are made of electrician pure iron; the permanent magnet 3 is made of neodymium iron boron with the specification of
Giant magnetostrictive rod4 has a specification of
The material was Terfenol-D.
The amplitude transformer 9 is made of stainless steel; the diameter of the flange of the amplitude transformer 9 is 63mm, the length is 5mm, the diameter of the large circle of the circular truncated cone section is 49mm, the diameter of the small circle of the circular truncated cone section is 25mm, the length is 21mm, the diameter of the large cylinder section is 25mm, the length is 20mm, the diameter of the small cylinder section is 15mm, and the length is 51 mm.
Further, the size of the included angle (angle θ) between the two inclined surfaces of the wedge block 8 and the size of the diameter d of the wedge block 8 have an influence on the vibration frequency, the lateral displacement, the longitudinal displacement and the phase difference of the transducer. Therefore, the transduction effect of the wedge-shaped blocks 8 of different sizes is experimentally verified, and particularly,
test 1: the diameter of the wedge block 8 is 22mm, and the angle is 30 degrees;
test 2: the diameter of the wedge block 8 is 42mm, and the angle is 50 degrees;
test 3: the diameter of the wedge block 8 is 60mm, and the angle is 40 degrees;
the transducers were made using the three sizes of wedge blocks 8 described above, and the motion trajectories of the elliptical compound vibrations at the output end of the horn 9 and the lateral and longitudinal displacements of the transducers were recorded, with the results shown in fig. 4-9.
In addition, for transducers made of other dimensions of wedge 8, the resonant frequency and output displacement of the transducer were calculated using ANSYS, and the results are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1 output displacement and resonant frequency of transducers
As can be seen from table 1 and fig. 4 to 9, as the included angle of the wedge block 8 increases, both the lateral displacement and the longitudinal displacement of the transducer increase, and the phase difference between the longitudinal vibration and the lateral vibration also increases; as the diameter of the wedge 8 increases, the resonant frequency of the transducer decreases, and the phase difference between the longitudinal and transverse vibrations increases and then decreases.
Claims (8)
1. A giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer is characterized in that: the giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer comprises a rear cover plate (2), a magnetic conduction cylinder (5), a shell (14) and an amplitude transformer (9) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; a vibration part is arranged in the magnetic conduction cylinder (5); a wedge block (8) is arranged in the shell (14), and the size of the shell (14) is slightly larger than that of the wedge block (8); one end of the vibration component is contacted with the rear cover plate (2), and the other end of the vibration component is contacted with the amplitude transformer (9) through a wedge-shaped block (8); the rear cover plate (2), the vibration component and the wedge-shaped block (8) are fixed through a pre-tightening bolt (1).
2. The giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wedge block (8) comprises two inclined surfaces; one inclined plane is contacted with the end surface of the amplitude transformer (9); the other inclined plane is perpendicular to the end face of the vibration component, and an included angle between the two inclined planes is 10-60 degrees.
3. The giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the vibration component comprises a giant magnetostrictive rod (4) and a coil (11) sleeved outside the giant magnetostrictive rod (4); the axial direction of the giant magnetostrictive rod (4) is parallel to the axial direction of the magnetic conduction cylinder (5); the two ends of the giant magnetostrictive rod (4) are sequentially provided with a permanent magnet (3) and a magnetic conduction block (6) from the middle to the two ends; the rear cover plate (2), the giant magnetostrictive rod (4) and the wedge-shaped block (8) are fixed through a pre-tightening bolt (1).
4. The giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer further comprises a magnetic conductive sheet (7) arranged between the magnetic conductive cylinder (5) and the shell (14).
5. A method of transducing a giant magnetostrictive rod type elliptical composite vibration transducer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the transduction method comprises the following steps:
after the energy converter is electrified, the vibration component converts electric energy into kinetic energy, converts the vibration in a single direction into elliptical compound vibration in two directions through the wedge block (8), adjusts the frequency and amplitude of the elliptical compound vibration through the wedge block (8), and transmits the elliptical compound vibration to the amplitude transformer (9).
6. The method of transducing a giant magnetostrictive rod type elliptical composite vibration transducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: the specific transduction method comprises the following steps: alternating current is applied to a coil (11) on the giant magnetostrictive rod (4) to generate an alternating magnetic field, the giant magnetostrictive rod (4) generates unidirectional telescopic vibration under the alternating magnetic field, and the unidirectional telescopic vibration generated by the giant magnetostrictive rod (4) is converted into large-amplitude elliptical composite vibration in two directions through the magnetic conduction block (6) and the wedge-shaped block (8) and is transmitted to the amplitude-variable rod (9).
7. The method of transducing a giant magnetostrictive rod type elliptical composite vibration transducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude are adjusted by the diameter and the included angle of the wedge-shaped block (8) in the process of transducing the transducer.
8. The method of transducing a giant magnetostrictive rod type elliptical composite vibration transducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: the diameter of the wedge-shaped block (8) is larger than the width of the magnetic conduction block (6) and smaller than a quarter wavelength corresponding to the vibration frequency of the transducer.
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| CN202010573350.2A CN111701832A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer and transduction method |
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| CN202010573350.2A CN111701832A (en) | 2020-06-22 | 2020-06-22 | Giant magnetostrictive rod-shaped elliptical composite vibration transducer and transduction method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114453228A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-10 | 广东工业大学 | Ultrasonic transmission component |
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| CN105598220A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-05-25 | 西安理工大学 | Ultrasonic vibration spindle device for incrementally forming plates |
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| JP4996826B2 (en) * | 2005-01-27 | 2012-08-08 | Ｔｏｗａ株式会社 | Elliptical vibration cutting machine |
| CN103414374A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-11-27 | 苏州科技学院 | Single-electric-signal driving bidirectional rotating ultrasonic motor |
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Application publication date: 20200925 |